1、時態講解：現在完成時1現在完成時通常表示過去發生或已經完成的某一動作對現在造成的影響和結果。說話人強調的是該動作或狀態對現在的結果或影響。 My daughter has just gone out. 我女兒剛出去。 Im sure weve met before. 我肯定我們以前見過面。 She has arrived. 她到了。2表示開始于過去并持續到現在的動作或狀態，往往和包括現在在內的表示一段時間的狀語連用，如recently, already, just, lately, for, since,yet等。如：I havent heard from her these days. 這些

2、日子我沒有收到她的信。 We havent seen you recently. 最近我們沒有見到你。They have been away for two years. 他們離開已經兩年了。 She has been with us since Monday.3. 現在完成時還可以用來表示過去的一個時間到現在這段時間內重復發生的動作. We have had four texts this semester. 6. have been to 和have gone to的區別have been to 強調“去過，現已不在那里，如：He has been to the USA three tim

3、es.他到美國去過三次。過去“到美國，現在已“不在美國have gone to主要強調的是“去了，現在人不在說話的現場，如：-Wheres your mother? -你媽媽在哪？-She has gone to the hospital. -她去醫院了。一 結構1.肯定句：主語+have/has+動詞的過去分詞+其他2.否認句：主語+have/has+not+動詞的過去分詞+其他3.一般疑問句：have/has+主語+動詞的過去分詞+其他 Yes, 主語+have/has. No , 主語+have/has+not4.特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+have/has+主語+動詞的過去分詞+其他二 常

4、和現在完成時一起連用的時間狀語注意:.現在完成時不能單獨與準確時間連用，(如表示過去的時間狀語如yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon)等，除非與for, since連用.1.現在完成時往往同表示不確定的過去時間狀語連用如already肯定, yet否認，疑問, just, before, recently, still, lately，Just, already, yet, ever, never, before, twice(重復性時間)， for+短時間， since+點時間， so far, how long 提問的疑問句

5、中.He has already obtained a scholarship. I havent seen much of him recently (lately). We have seen that film before. Have they found the missing child yet ?2. 現在完成時常常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用,如ever, never, twice, several times等: Have you ever been to Beijing I have never heard Bunny say anything against her. I h

6、ave used this pen only three times. It is still good. George has met that gentleman several times.3. 現在完成時還往往可以同包括現在時間在內的時間狀語連用,如up to these few days/weeks/months/years, just, up to present(now), so far等: Peter has written six papers so far. Up to the present everything has been successful. 資料個人收集整理

7、，勿做商業用途三 當現在完成時與表示短時間的時間狀語連用時，謂語動詞必須使用延續性動詞。如果謂語動詞是非延續性動詞那么轉化為對應的延續性動詞。 假設不是和短時間連用，那么不用轉化。英語的行為動詞有持續性動詞和瞬間性動詞之分，使用中應注意兩者的區別。1. 持續性動詞: 表示一個動作可以持續一段時間或更長時間。常見的study, play, do, read, learn, drive, write, clean , sleep, speak, talk, wait, fly, stay, sit, stand, lie, keep等。2. 瞬間性動詞: 表示一個動作發生在一瞬間，非常短暫。亦稱終

8、止性動詞。常見的-begin, start, finish, go, come, leave, find, get up, arrive, reach, get to, enter, hear, stop, open, close, become, buy, borrow, lend, happen, join, lose, renew, die, take away, put up, set out, put on, get on/off等3. 瞬間性動詞在完成時中如要與表示持續一段時間的狀語連用，通常用意思相當的持續性動詞來替換He has been in the army/a soldi

9、er for three years. 他參軍已有3年了。不用has joined She has been up for quite some time. 她起床已有好久了。不用has got up Has your brother been away from home for a long time? 離家已有好久了嗎？不用has left 常用瞬間動詞相應持續性動詞關系：1、gobe away 2、comebe here 3、come backbe back 4、leavebe awaybe not here 5、buyhave 6、borrowkeep 7、diebe dead 8、

10、beginbe on 9、finishbe over 10、openbe open 11、closebe closed 12、losebe lost 13、get to knowknow 14、turn onbe on 15、get upbe up 16、sit downsit/beseated 17、joinbe in或be amember 18、becomebe4. 瞬間動詞的否認形式可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用例如：I havent seen you for a long time.好久沒見到你了。資料個人收集整理，勿做商業用途 四 區別下面三組詞Have been to 表示去過某地方

11、，不過現在已經回來Have gone to 表示去了，還未回來Have been in 表示一直在某個地方五現在完成時和一般過去時的區別現在完成時用來表示之前已發生或完成的動作或狀態，其結果確實和現在有聯系。動作或狀態發生在過去，但它的影響現在還存在；而一般過去時表示過去的事實，不表示和現在的關系。I have just been to London. I went there last month. 我剛去過倫敦，是上個月去的。1. 過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純表達過去的事情，強調動作；現在完成時為過去發生的，強調過去的事情對現在的影響，強調的是影響。2. 過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用

12、，而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。 一般過去時的時間狀語: yesterday, last week，ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語 共同的時間狀語:this morning, tonight, this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately 現在完成時的時間狀語 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,個人收集整理 勿

13、做商業用途六 現在完成時的反義疑問句的結構主語+have/has+動詞過去分詞+其他， have/has+not+主語主語+have/has+not+動詞過去分詞+其他， have/has+主語七 現在完成時考點例析一、考查其構成助動詞have (has) +動詞過去分詞構成現在完成時。如：1. Kates never seen Chinese films，_ ? A. hasnt she B. has she C. isnt she D. is she析：陳述句局部含否認詞never,簡略問句局部要用肯定式，又因Kates是Kate has的縮寫，應選B。2. His uncle has a

14、lready posted the photos to him. (改為否認句)His uncle _ posted the photos to him _. 析：already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否認句、疑問句中，故填hasnt, yet。3. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So _her parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have析：so+助/系/情態動詞+主語結構中的動詞形式應與前句結構中動詞形式保持一致，又后句的主語為her parents是復數,應選D。二、考查其用法與標志詞(一)當句中有never, ever, ju

15、st, already, yet, before等時，常用現在完成時。如：1. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball? -_you_ your homework yet? A. Do; finish B. Are; finishing C. Did; finish D. Have; finished2. -_ you _anywhere before? -Yes, but I cant remember where I_A. Did; surf; surfed B. Have; surfed; surfed C. Did; surf; have surf

16、ed D. Have; surfed; have surfed析：據yet和before可知,應用現在完成時，故1題選D，2題選D。(二)當句中有for +段時間或since +點時間等時，主句常用現在完成時，謂語動詞必須是延續性動詞，假設是非延續性動詞，要改為延續性動詞或表狀態的詞(短語)。如：1. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice_he came to Yunnan. A. after B. before C. since D. for析：主句用的是現在完成時，而從句用的是一般過去時，應選C。2. Tom_the CD player fo

17、r two weeks.A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had析：A、B、C均為非延續性動詞，在肯定句中不與表段時間的短語連用，應選D。3. I_a letter from him since he left. A. didnt receive B. havent got C. didnt have D. havent heard析：據since可知，應排除A、C，hear from sb.=receive/get/have a letter from sb.意為收到某人的來信，應選B。三、考查have/has been (to

18、, in)/have/has gone (to)的區別。如：1. -Have you ever_Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors?-Yes, I have. A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been to析：據句中的have，排除A，B項意為去某地了，C項意為一直呆在某地，D項意為去過某地，符合題意，應選D。2. My parents _ Shangdong for ten years. A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been析

19、：此題句中有for+段時間結構，據此可排除C，B項意為去過某地，不合題意，D項缺介詞，應選A。四、考查現在完成時與其他時態的聯系和區別。如：1. Suns aunt has gone there for ten years.(改成正確的句子)析：非延續性動詞與段時間連用時，除了把非延續性動詞改成延續性動詞外，還可把動詞改為一般過去時或借助句型Its +段時間+since+從句進行句子轉換。故答案為：Suns aunt has been there for ten years. /Suns aunt went there ten years ago. /Its ten years since S

20、uns aunt went there. 2. Susan has been in this city for more than ten years.(改為同義句)_more than ten years _Susan _to this city. 析：據上題分析，且since引導的從句要用一般過去時，故填It is, since, came。3. I wont go to the concert because I _my ticket. A. lost B. dont lose C. have lost D. is coming析：因我丟了票的動作發生在過去，而且對現在造成了我不能參加音

21、樂會的結果，符合現在完成時所表示的含意，應選C。現在完成時的練習一一、 單項選擇1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _whats happened to him . knew . have known . must know . will know2、He has _ been to Shanghai, has he?. already . never . ever . still3、Have you met Mr. Li _？. just . ago .before .a moment ago4、The famous writer _ one ne

22、w book in the past two year . is writing .was writing .wrote .has written5、Our country _ a lot so far .Yes. I hope it will be even _. has changed ; well . changed; good. has changed ; better . changed; better6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . was; studying . will; study. has; studie

23、d . are; studying7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . know . had known . have known . knew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film. I_ it twice . will see . have seen . saw .see9、These farmers have been to the United States Really? When _ there?. will they go . did they go. do they go . have they

24、gone 10、_ you _ your homework yet ? Yes. I _ it a moment ago. Did; do; finished . Have; done; finished. Have; done; have finished . will; do; finish11、 His father _ the Party since 1978 . joined . has joined . was in D. has been in12、Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . we

25、re . have been . have become . have mad 113、How long have you _ here ? About two months. been . gone . come . Arrived14、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes. has begun . had begun . has been on . Began15、 It _ ten years since he left the army . is . has . will . Was16、 Miss Green isnt in the office.

26、 she _ to the library. has gone . went .will go . has been17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years. have been in . have been to. have gone to . have been18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?A. so they B. dont they C. have they D. havent they19 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since

27、he to China?A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived 20、 His uncle for more than 9 years.A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university二、 句型轉換。1、He has never surfed, ?改成反意疑問句 2、They have been here since 2000. (對劃線局部提問) have the

28、y been here?3、The old man _ last year. He for a year. (die) 動詞填空4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同義句轉換) This factory _ for twenty years.5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同義句轉換)Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago.6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .同義句 Her mother _ the Party three years

29、 _.7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同義句轉換) _ two years _ the Green family moved to France.8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把兩個句子合并成一個句子) _ 三、 漢譯英。1. 我剛剛丟了我的化學書。just 2. 我以前從來沒去過那個農場。(never) 3. 你已經看過這部電影了嗎？ 4. 我妹妹成為一個大學生已經三年。 5. 他們已去了美國五年了。(for) 現在完成時練習二I. Fil

30、l in the blanks with the proper form.1. I_ already _ (see) the film. I _ (see) it last week. 2. _ he _ (finish) his work today? Not yet.3. My father _ just _ (come) back from work. He is tired now. 4. Wheres Li Ming ? He _ (go) to the teachers office.5. I _ (work) here since I _ (move) here in 1999.

31、 6. So far I _(make) quite a few friends here.7. How long _ the Wangs _(stay) here ? For two weeks. 8. I _ just _ (finish) my homework. 9. He _ (go) to school on foot every day. 10._ you _ (find) your science book yet? 11. If it _ (be) fine tomorrow, Ill go with you. 12. The students _ (read) Englis

32、h when the teacher came in. 13. Look! The monkey _ (climb) the tree. 14. My mother _ (come) to see me next Sunday. 15. Ive lost my pen. _ you _ (see) it anywhere? II. Choose the best answer. 1. How long have you _ here?A. come B. got C. arrived D. been 2. My grandpa died _.A. at the age of my 2 B. f

33、or 2 years C. when I was 2. D. my age was 6.3. Jane has _ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.A. been B. gone C. went D. never been4. It is ten years _ I last saw her.A. after B. since C. for D. that5.-Who will go to the station to meet Lorry? -I will. I _ her several times.A. met B. have met C.

34、 had met D. will meet6. -What a nice dress! How long _ you _ it? -Just 2 weeks.A. will, buy B. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had7.-Do you know Lydia very well? -Yes, She and I _ friends since we were very young. A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have turned8. The Smiths _ in China for 8

35、 years.A. has lived B. lived C. have been D. live9. -Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black? - Sorry. He _ the Bainiao Park.A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. will go to10. -_ you ever _ to the US? - Yes, twice.A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, goingIII. Re

36、write the sentences. 1. I have been to Macau before. (改為否認句) I _ _ been to Macau before.2. He hasnt come to school because he was ill. (就劃線局部提問) _ _ he come to school?3. I bough a new bike just now. (用just改寫) I _ just _ a new bike.4. We began to learn English three years ago.(改為同義句) We _ _English _t

37、hree years5. He has never surfed, _ _? 改成反意疑問句 6. They have been here since 2000. (對劃線局部提問) _ _have they been here?7. The old man _ last year. He has _ _for a year. (die) 動詞填空8. Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同義句轉換)Miss Gao has _ _ _ an hour ago. Ask the questions1) I have been there for two days._ _ _ you _ _?2) My father has lived here since 2000._ _ _ your father _ _?3) He left here yesterda