1、歸納整理： 白鶴學校 王厚平動詞的結構：助動詞have (has) + 動詞的過去分詞+（其它）用法（1）：表示過去動作對現在造成的影響或結果。例如： I have just had my breakfast. (現在我不餓) Have you milked the cow yet? Yes, I have done that already. （到目前為止已完成的動作） 通常與表示包括現在在內的時間副詞 just，already, before, yet, never, ever 等狀語連用，不強調動作的持續.用法（2）：表示過去已經開始，持續到現在,也許還會持續下去的動作或狀態。和表示從過

2、去某一時刻延續到現在（包括現在在內）的一段時間的狀語連用。 如：for+時段或since+過去的時間點，以及 so far,by now, in the last 2years.over the years, all ones life且動詞必須是延序性動詞(注：短暫性動詞不能和一段時間連用，否定句中可以eg: I havent seen you for a long time.) He has been away since last week.=He has been away for one week.注意（1）：I have been living here for 2 years .

3、=I have lived here for 2 years.(動詞為延續性動詞時)注意（2）:for 和since 所引導的時間狀語都表示一段時間. 對劃線部分提問都用How long用法（3）： have been (to)，have gone (to)和have been in 的區別： have / has been (to) 表示“曾經去過”某地，說話時此人很可能不在那里，已經回來。側重指經歷。have / has gone (to) 表示某人“已經去了”某地，說話時人在那里，或可能在路上，反正不在這里。 has /have been in 表示“在某地待了好長時間”，是延續性動詞。

4、試比較： He has been to Beijing. 他曾去過北京。 （人已回來，可能在這兒）He has gone to Beijing. 他已經去了北京。（人已走，不在這兒）He has been in Beijing for two days . （從到達北京一直到現在）一般過去時與現在完成時之比較1）過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調動作；現在完成時為過去發生的，強調過去的事情對現在的影響，強調的是影響。 2）過去時常與過去具體的時間狀語連用，而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。 一般過去時的時間狀語：yesterday, last ，ago,

5、in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語。 共同時間狀語：this morning, tonight, this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately等。 現在完成時的時間狀語有：for+, since+, so far, by now,ever, never, just, already, yet, before ,till / until, up to now, in past years,over the years 等不確定的時間狀語。請大家認真分析比較下列各例句：1. A：I saw th

6、is film yesterday. （強調看的動作發生過了。）B： I have seen this film. （強調對現在的影響，電影的內容已經知道了。） 2A： She has returned from Paris.（她已從巴黎回來了。）B：She returned yesterday. （她是昨天回來了。）3 A： He has been in the League for three years. (在團內的狀態可延續)B：He joined the League three years ago.( 三年前入團，joined為短暫行為。)結束性動詞不能和表示一段時間的時間狀語連用

7、, 但是他可以轉換成相應的延續性動詞.1.直接用延續性動詞buy_borrow_come here /go there_become_ catch(get) a cold _ put on_ get to know_begin to do _make friends with sb_2.轉換成be+名詞join the army _ the Party _3轉換成be+形容詞或副詞die_ close_ open _ finish /end_ begin/start_ leave_fall sleep/ill_go out _ get up_turn on _get married_4.轉換成

8、 be+介詞短語reach/arrive/get to school be in/at school join the army be in the army 一般過去時態和現在完成時態可以構成同意句1. 我們買這本書三年了.A:We _the book for three years.B:We _the book three years ago. 2.他感冒三天了.A:He _a cold for three days.B:He_ a cold three days ago.3.自從上星期我借的這本書A:I _the book since last week.B:I _ the book l

9、ast week.4.我成為一個學生兩年多了.A:I _ a student for over two years.B:I _a student two years ago.5.Mr Black死了三年了。A:Mr Black _for three years.B:Mr Black_ three years ago.6.小名參軍半年了。A:_B:_7.下課10分鐘了A:_B:_8電影開始了一小時了A:_B:_試用不5種方法譯：車已經走了5小時了。1_2._3._4._5._注：含延續性動詞的現在完成時的同義句轉換。She has worked for ten years.=She began

10、to work ten years ago.=She has worked since ten years ago.=It is ten years since she began to work.=Ten years has passed since she began to work. 一單項選擇題：)1.Youve never seen such a wonderful film before, _?A havent you B have you C do you D dont you)2. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So _ her parents. A.

11、does B.do C.has Dhave )3. I have watched the game. -When _ you _ it?A have， watched B do ，watch C did ，watch D will ，watch)4. Mr. Green _ in China since five years ago.A lived B has lived C lives D is going to live)5. His grandma _ for two years.A died B has been dead C was dead D has died)6. Where

12、is Han Mei now? - She _ to Shanghai. She will be back in two days.A has gone B has been C goes D had gone)7. How long have you _ the football team of the school?A been on B been at C joined D played)8. Excuse me, _ you seen the film yet? - Yes, I _ it last night.A have, see B have, have seen C have,

13、 seen D have, saw)9. -Where have you _ these days? - I have _ to Dazhu with my friends.A been , gone B been , been C gone , been D gone, gone ).10.A: Ouch ! You are standing on my foot .B:Im sorry ,but I _to A. dont mean B. havent mean C. am not meaning D. didnt mean 二用所給詞的正確形式填空：1A lot of fish _(di

14、e),The farmers look very sad .2.You _ (feel) better after you take the medicine.3.She said we _(win ) the game if we could work together .4. Please wake me up if I _ still _ (sheep) when you _ (come).5. My sister _(learn) English since she _ (be) a child. She _ (speak) English fluently now.6. My unc

15、le _ (come) to see us. He _ (arrive) here a few days ago.7. He _ (start) for Sydney tomorrow morning.8. He _ (break) his glasses when he _(play) in a football match.9.Please come tomorrow afternoon.There _ (be) a meeting tomorrow morning . 10.-Look, someone _(clean) the room , how clean it is ! -Yes

16、, Mike _(clean ) it this morning .11. Mike _ a new house for his parents for two years .(buy)12.-_ you _ your homework yet ?- No, I _in five minutes .(finish )13. The light is still on in the room ,I think the Greens _(watch) TV.14My brother _(not watch)CCTV news ,he only watches TV plays .15.a) -We _ (not see) you for ages! Where _you _ (be)? b) -I _(be) to Scotland?三：改錯:（1）How