1、“情態動詞+have done”的用法 一、一、 “must have done” 一定做過某事一定做過某事v表示對過去事情的肯定推測，該結構只用于表示對過去事情的肯定推測，該結構只用于肯定句。肯定句。 v1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因為地面還是濕的。2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人說話，一定是發瘋了。二、二、 “cant have done” “couldnt have done” 不可能做過某事不可能做過某事v

2、表示對過去事情的否定推測表示對過去事情的否定推測，“couldnt have done”較少使用較少使用。v1. Mr. Smith cant have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我剛才還在圖書館見過他。可能去北京了，我剛才還在圖書館見過他。v2. Mary cant have stolen your money. She has gone home. 瑪麗不可能偷你的錢，她回家瑪麗不可能偷你的錢，她回家去了。去了。三、三、 “could have done” 過去可能做

3、某事；本來能夠做某事但沒做過去可能做某事；本來能夠做某事但沒做v有兩種用法，一種表示猜測，“過去可能做過某事”；另一種是虛擬語氣，表示對過去事情的假設，意思是本來能夠做某事而沒有做。vWhat could have happened? 難道是發生了什么事嗎？vHe could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本來他能夠通過考試，但是他太粗心。四、四、 “may have done” v表示對發生過的事情的推測，意思是表示對發生過的事情的推測，意思是“可能可能已經已經”或或“也許已經也許已經”，用于肯定句中。，用于肯定句中。 vWha

4、t has happened to George?vI dont know. He may have got lost.v喬治發生了什么事？v我不知道，他可能迷路了。五、五、 “might have done” v表示對過去事情的推測，表示對過去事情的推測，might與與may意思相同，意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虛擬語氣結構中。但可能性更小。多用于虛擬語氣結構中。v v1. He might have given you more help, even though he was busy. (MET90) 他或許會多給你一些幫助，即使他很忙。v2. She might have achi

5、eved greater progress, if you had given her more chances. 如果你多給她點機會，她可能已經取得更大的成績。六、六、 “would have done” v虛擬語氣，表示對過去事情的假設，意思是“本來會做”。v1. I would have told you all about the boys story, but you didnt ask me. 我本來會告訴你這個小男孩的故事，但是你沒有問我。v2. Without your help, I wouldnt have achieved so much. 沒有你的幫助，我是不會取得如此

6、大的成績。七、 “should have done”本來應該做某事，而實際沒做本來應該做某事，而實際沒做v否定式為否定式為“shouldnt have done”表示本來不應該表示本來不應該做某事，而實際做了。含有指責對方或自責的含意。做某事，而實際做了。含有指責對方或自責的含意。v v1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday. 湯姆，你太懶惰了，這項工作本來應該昨天就做完的。v2. Look, Tom is crying. I shouldnt have been so harsh on hi

7、m. 看，湯姆哭了，我本來不應該對他如此嚴厲。八、八、 “ought to have done” v表示過去應該做而實際并沒有做，譯成表示過去應該做而實際并沒有做，譯成“理理應做應做”，往往表示遺憾。與，往往表示遺憾。與“should+have+done”用法基本一樣。用法基本一樣。 I ought to have gone home last Sunday. 我理應上星期日回家。vYou ought not to have given him more help. 你不應該幫助他那么多。十、十、 “need have done” 本來需要做某事而沒有做本來需要做某事而沒有做v否定式為 “ne

8、ednt have done” 表示“本來不需要做某事而做了”。vI neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came. 我本來沒有必要買這么多酒，只來了五個人。vHe need have hurried to the station. In that case, be wouldnt have missed the train. 他本來需要快點去車站，那樣的話，他就不會誤了火車。v1-You didnt wait for Mr. Smith last night, did you? -Actually,we _. He didnt re

9、turn home at all.A. couldnt have waited B. neednt have waitedC. didnt need to wait D. should waitv2Harry _ have won the Physics competition easily yesterday, but he gave up.A. could B. might C. should D. must v3-May I speak to your manager Mr. Smith at six oclock tonight ?” -“Im sorry, Mr. Smith to

10、a conference before then.”A. will have gone B. had gone C. would have gone D. has gonev4-Tom took away our teachers cell phone without being permitted.- Really? I cant imagine that he _ have done such a thing.A. must B. may C. can D. should v5- Was it you that made the suggestion?- It have been. I c

11、ant remember.A. need B. must C. should D. mayv6The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I_ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me .A. should have taken B. could have takenC. neednt have taken D. mustnt have taken v7He paid for a seat, when he _ have entered free.A. could B. would C. must D. ne

12、edv8I didnt see her in the meeting room this morning. She at the meeting .A. mustnt have spoken B. mightnt have spokenC. cant have spoken D. shouldnt have spoken v9- Hi, is that Peter Brown?-Sorry. You _ the wrong number .A. must call B. must have called C. should call D. should have calledv10I was

13、on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car . They _ at least 150 kilometers an hour .A. should have been doing B. must have been doingC. could have done D. would have done v11. He is not poor. You _ have lent him the money.A. cant B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustntv12. There was plenty of time. You _ have hurried.A. wont B. mustnt C. neednt D. couldntv13. They _ have finished the work yesterday, but it was raining hard.vA. must B. could C. should D. mightv14. I _ here in time, but I met an old friend of mine. I stop