1、Unit3 The Million Pound Bank Note 語法篇掌握本單元重點語法賓語從句和表語從句，并能熟練應(yīng)用賓語從句和表語從句的相關(guān)語法解決相應(yīng)的語法練習一、賓語從句賓語從句：在復(fù)合句中起賓語的作用，可以放在動詞和介詞之后。賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述句語序。1. 由連接詞that 引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，that 在句中不擔任任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如從句是并列句時，第二個分句前的that不可省。E.g. He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.E.g. We must never think （that） we

2、 are good in everything while others are good in nothing.我們決不能認為自己什么都好，別人什么都不好。注意：在demand，order， suggest，decide， insist， desire， request， command 等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動詞后，賓語從句常用“（ should） + 動詞原形”。例如：E.g. I insist that she （should） do her work alone. 我堅持要她自己工作。E.g. The commander ordered that troops （sho

3、uld） set off at once. 司令員命令部隊馬上出發(fā)。2 .用 who， whom ， which ，whose， what， when， where， why， how， whoever，whatever， whichever等關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句相當于特殊疑問句，應(yīng)注意句子語序要用陳述語序。E.g. I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告訴了你什么。E.g. She always thinks of how she can work well. 她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。E.g. She will give whoever n

4、eeds help a warm support. 凡需要幫助的人，她都會給予熱情的支持。3 .用whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，其主語和謂語的順序也不能顛倒，仍保持陳述句語序。此外，whether與if在作“是否”的意思講時在下列情況下一般只能用whether,不用if:（ 1 ）引導(dǎo)主語從句并在句首時；（ 2）引導(dǎo)表語從句時；（ 3）引導(dǎo)從句作介詞賓語時；（4）從句后有“or no時;”（ 5）后接動詞不定式時。E.g. Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 月球上有沒有生命是個有趣的問題。E.

5、g. Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我們是否有足夠的錢。E.g. I wonder whether he will come or not. 我想知道他來還是不來。E.g. Can you tell me whether to go or to stay? 你能否告訴我是去還是留？4 .注意賓語從句中的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)，當主句動詞是現(xiàn)在時，從句根據(jù)自身的句子情況，而使用不同時態(tài)。E.g. He studies English every day. （從句用一般現(xiàn)在時）E.g. He studied English las

6、t term. （從句用一般過去時）E.g. I know （that） he will study English next year. （從句用一般將來時）E.g. He has studied English since 2019. （從句用現(xiàn)在完成時）當主句動詞是過去時態(tài)（could， would 除外） ，從句則要用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)，如一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時等；當從句表示的是客觀真理，科學原理，自然現(xiàn)象，則從句仍用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。E.g. The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America 5 .think，believe，i

7、magine，suppose 等等動詞引起的否定性賓語從句中，要把上述主句中的動詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ健＜磳木渲械姆穸ㄐ问揭频街骶渲小.g. We don t think you are hefe們認為你不在這。E.g. I don t believe he will doSO.目信他不會這樣做。二、表語從句表語從句：從句放在系動詞be, look , remain , seem等之后即構(gòu)成表語從句引導(dǎo)表語從句的詞有連詞that, whether;連接代詞 who, what, which;連接副詞 when, where,how, why 以及其它連詞 as if, as though, beca

8、use等。E.g. The question is whether it is worth reading.E.g. They are just what I want.E.g. That s why they were late.1 .that 引導(dǎo)的表語從句that引導(dǎo)表語從句時，在句中無意義，一般不可省略。而 what引導(dǎo)表語從句時，不但有意義，而且在從句中作主語、賓語、表語、定語等成分。E.g. The trouble is that I have lost his address.E.g. China is no longer what it used to be. 中國不再是過去的

9、樣子了。2 .whether 引導(dǎo)的表語從句whether 引導(dǎo)表語從句仍表示“是否”之意，不能在從句中充當句子成分。 if 則不可用來引導(dǎo)表語從句E.g. The question is whether they will be able to help us.The question is whether the film is worth seeing.3 .as if （as though） 引導(dǎo)的表語從句as if （as though） 引導(dǎo)表語從句，意思是“好像，似乎”。E.g. It looks as if it is going to rain. 看起來天要下雨了。E.g.

10、It sounds as if you are from the South of the USA. 聽起來你好像來自美國南部。注意：不用if引導(dǎo)表語從句。reason做主語時，表語從句應(yīng)由 that引導(dǎo)，不用because that引 導(dǎo)表語從句時，通常不能省略。4 .其他類型的表語從句其他連接詞引導(dǎo)表語從句的用法與引導(dǎo)賓語從句的用法類似。但要注意幾個表示原因的表語從句的常見句型：（1） That s why （2） That s because （3） The reason why is that E.g. That s why we decided to put off the spor

11、ts meeting.E.g. That s because we haven t got well prepared.E.g. The reason why I like the dictionary is that it is useful for my work.1（. 2019 浙江） “ Every time you eat a swee，t drink green tea. ” This is my mother used to tell me.A. whatB. howC. thatD. whether解析：根據(jù)句意“每次你吃糖果的時候，喝點綠茶。 ”這就是我媽媽過去常常告訴我的

12、。根據(jù)句意可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)表語從句，引導(dǎo)詞在句中作賓語，因此用what 引導(dǎo)答案： A。2.（2019 江蘇）-What a mess! You are always so lazy!-I m not to blam， e mum. I amyou have made me.A. howB. whatC. thatD. who解析：根據(jù)句意“-真是太亂了！你總是這么懶惰！-媽媽，別責怪我。你使我成為了現(xiàn)在這個樣子。 ”本題考查表語從句。 What 引導(dǎo)表語從句，且what 在句子中作made 的賓語補足語。答案：B。3 .（2019 山東 ）It is difficult for us to

13、image life was like for slaves in the ancient world.A. whereB. whatC. whichD. why解析：根據(jù)句意“我們很難想象古代奴隸們的生活是什么樣子的。 ”此題考查賓語從句。在該空引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中介詞like 后面缺少賓語且設(shè)空處表示“事物”，所以用what 引導(dǎo)賓語從句。Which 表示在一定范圍內(nèi)進行選擇，在此處不符合題意，故排除C 項。答案：B。4 .（2019 福建 ）Pick yourself up. Courage is doing you are afraid to do.A. thatB. whatC. how

14、D. whether解析：根據(jù)句意“振作起來，勇氣就是去做你害怕去做的事情。 ”本題考查賓語從句。分析題干可知doing后為賓語從句，從句中缺作賓語的連接詞。在賓語從句中，that只起連接作用，不作任何成分what 作主語或賓語；how 作狀語；whether 意為“是否”答案：B。5 .（2019 北京 ）Experts believepeople can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.A. whyB. whereC. thatD. what解析： 根據(jù)句意 “專家認為人們可以通過只有需要 （食物） 時才去購買這一

15、方法來減少食物的浪費”本題考查賓語從句。空格處引導(dǎo)的賓語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)和意思都很完整，故選C 項。答案：C。基礎(chǔ)演練單項選擇第 5頁 /共 9頁1. I flew to New York for the talk show on TV last week. Is thatyou had a few days off?A. whyB. whenC. whatD. where2. I ask hercome with me.A. if she willB. if will sheC. whether will sheD. will she3. It was a matter ofwould take

16、the position.A. whoB. whoeverC. whomD. whomever4. Can you tell meA. who is that gentleman isB. that gentleman is whoC. who that gentleman isD. whom is that gentleman5. Can you tell methe railway station?A. how I can get toB. what can I get toC. where I can got toD. where can I get to6. It is general

17、ly considered unwise to give a childhe or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever7. Do you knowA. what is his name8. how is his nameC. what his name isD. how his name is8. Go and get your coat. Itsyou left it.A. thereB. whereC. there whereD. where there9. I wonder how muchA. does the

18、watch costB. did the watch costC. the watch costD. the watch costs10. It washe saiddisappointed me.A. what ； thatB. that； thatC. what；whatD. that；whatKeys:1-5 AAACA6-10 BCBDA鞏固提高1. Is Mary from New York City? I dont knowA. from what city does she come fromB. from what city she comeC. what city does

19、she come fromD. what city she comes from2. Henry killed the dog. Ill ask him whyA. did he do thatB. he did thatC. he didD. he has done so3. Have you seen Henry lately? My boss wants to know A. how he is getting alongB. how is he getting alongC. what he is getting alongD. what is he getting along4. I

20、 am sure he said is true.A. thatB. about thatC. of thatD. that what5. You can t imagine when they received these nice Christmas presents.A. how they were excitedB. how excited they wereC. how excited were theyD. they were how excitedKeys:1-5 DACAA1. We haven t settled the question of it is necessary

21、 for him to study abroad.A. ifB. whereC. whetherD. that2. A warm thought suddenly came to me I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for mymother s birthday.A. ifB. whenC. thatD. which3. There is much chance Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.A. thatB. whichC. untilD. if

22、4. Please remind me he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off.A. whereB. whenC. howD. what5. We saw several natives advancing towards our party， and one of them came up to us. we gavesome bells and glasses.A. to whichB. to whomC. with whomD. with which6. With his work completed ， the bus

23、inessman stepped back to his seat， feeling pleased he was aman of action.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. whether7. team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A. No matter whatB. No matter whichC. WhateverD. Whichever8. I just wonder that makes him so excited.A. why it doesB. what h

24、e doesC. how it isD. what it is9. is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger，more prosperouseconomy.A. AsB. ThatC. ThisD. It10. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class he had to meet his uncle at theairport.A. whyB. thatC. whereD. because第 5頁 /共 9頁11. T

25、he shopkeeper did not want to sell for he thought was not enough.A. whereB. howC. whatD. which12. He noticed that the straight part of the dance was different in the afternoon from it had been inthe morning.A. thatB. whereC. whatD. which13. I d like to work with is honest and easy to get on with.A.

26、whoB. whoeverC. whomeverD. no matter who14. When you are reading， make a note of you think is of great importance.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. when15. Can we get everything ready by the weekend? It all depends on we can get Mr. Green s cooperation.A. thatB. whatC. whetherD. ifKeys:1-5 CCABB 6-10BDDDB 11

27、-15 CCBCC、單項選擇1. good ， this kind of fruit sells very well in our city.A .TasteB. Being tastedC. TastingD. Having been tasted2. The look on his face suggested that he that he would fail in the Math test.A. surprising ； wouldn t expectB. surprising ； hadn t expectedC. surprised； hadn t expectedD. sur

28、prised； shouldn t expect3. I think he must have seen me at the meeting last night ，?A. didn t he B. don t IC.do ID. mustn t he4. The Changjiang River has been polluted badly and is not good .A.to swim itB.to be swum inC.to swim in itD.to swim in5. Thomas in inventing many electrical machinesA. was s

29、uccessful B. succeedC. was successD. successes6. I would love to the party that evening ， but I had an unexpected visitor.A.to goB.to have goneC. goingD. having gone7. It is well known to all that water ，enough，can change into ice quickly.A. if coolingB. though to be cooled C. when cooledD. when is

30、cooled8. Mr. Wang the person referred to at the meeting be put in prison.A. saidB. wishedC. agreedD. suggested9. Is this school you studied in three years ago?A. whereB. thatC. the oneD. which10. hardly made Mike pay any attention to his mistakes 第 6頁 /共 9頁A. Scolding ； correctingC. Being scolded ；

31、correctingB. Being scolded ； correctD. Having been scolded ； correct11 .Hardly on the bus the bus drove off C. did he get；whenD. had he got；A. did he get； than B. had he got；whenthan12 . Which sport is the most popular in the US? It s hard to say. It largely what you mean by“ popular ”?A. belongs to

32、B. comes aboutC. depends onD. determines on13 . I when it began to rain.A. was about to going outB. was in the point of going outC. was on the point of going outD. both A and C14. You never imagine what trouble I have hadA.to findB. finding15. in her novel that she didnA. So absorbed had NancyC. So

33、absorbed was Nancy二、閱讀理解_ your house. It took me nearly 2 hours.C. foundD. for findingt hear what I was saying.B. So absorbed Nancy wasD. So absorbed Nancy hadSports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature However ， whether you are on the mountains， in the waves， or on the grassland， you

34、should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment.Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf ， as you may know， eats up not only large areas of countryside， but also tons of water. Besides， all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its course

35、s （球場）in good condition. This causes major environmental effects. For example ， inthe dry regions of Portugal and Spain ， golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.There are many environment -friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take uptoda

36、y. You don t need any special equipment except a good pair of sho； es and you don t have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free， power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk regularly， it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily

37、can make you feel less anxious， sleep well and have better weight control.Whatever sport you take up ， you can make it greener by using environment -friendly equipment andbuying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be“ green gyms ” . Thereplacements for traditional health

38、 clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors， in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all ， it s free.1. Which of the following is the author most probably in favor of?第 7頁 /共 9頁A. Cycling

39、around a lake.C. Playing basketball in a gym.B. Motor racing in the desert.D. Swimming in a sports center.2. What do we know about golf from the passage?A. It is popular in Portugal and Spain.B. It causes water shortages around the world.C. It pollutes the earth with chemicals and wastes.D. It needs

40、 water and electricity to keep its courses green.3. The author uses power walking as an example mainly because .A.it is an outdoor sportB.it improves our healthC.it uses fewer resourcesD.it is recommended by experts4. The author writes the passage to .A. show us the function of major sportsB. encour

41、age us to go in for green sportsC. discuss the major influence of popular sportsD. introduce different types of environment -friendly sportsDLiverpool ， my hometown ， is a unique city. It is so unique that in 2019 it became a World Heritage（遺產(chǎn)）Site.I recently returned to my home city and my first st

42、op was at a museum on the River Mersey. Blanketed in mist （薄霧） ， Victorian architecture rose from the banks of the river ， responded to the sounds of sea-birds， and appeared unbelievably charming. When I headed toward the centre ， I found myself surrounded by buildings that mirror the best palaces o

43、f Europe. It is not hard to imagine why ， on first seeing the city ， most visitors would be overpowered by the beauty of the noble buildings ， which are solid signs of Liverpool s history.As if stress its cultural role ， Liverpool has more museums and galleries （美術(shù)館）than most citiesin Britain. At Wa

44、lker Art Gallery ， I was told that it has best collections of Victorian paintings in the world ， and is the home of modern art in the north of England However， culture is more than galleries. Liverpool offers many music events. As Britain s No，.1 mituhsaics ctihtye biggest city music festival in Europe ，and its musicians are famous all over the world. Liverpool is also well -known for its football and other sport