1、Unit 1 How do you study for a test?By working with friendsBy asking the teacher for help By reading the textbookBy reading the notebookbook 書書 flashcard 抽認抽認卡卡 end up 告告終終 quickly 快快地地 By making vocabulary listsBy listening to the tapes / cassettes第1講：by +doing sth的講解 by doing sth: 當你詢問怎樣做某事或告訴別當你詢問

2、怎樣做某事或告訴別人怎樣做某事時人怎樣做某事時,常用此形式常用此形式,表示表示“通過通過方式、方法方式、方法”或或“借助某種手段借助某種手段”。 eg. How does he make a living? He lives by writing. 他怎樣謀生呢？他以寫作為生。他怎樣謀生呢？他以寫作為生。 By working hard I made great progress this term. 通過刻苦努力，我在本學期取得了巨大通過刻苦努力，我在本學期取得了巨大的進步的進步。Exerxise B:I learn English A:How do you learn English?by

3、 using it.I learn English by having English class carefully by taking notes carefully . by watching English programs on TV. by getting an English tutor. 第2講：by的用法總結 1、介詞、介詞 prep. 在在旁；靠近旁；靠近 eg.Our teacher was sitting by the window. 我們的老師正坐在窗戶旁邊。我們的老師正坐在窗戶旁邊。 We spent our holiday by the sea. 我們在海邊度假。

4、我們在海邊度假。 “by”的用法的用法 2、 介詞介詞 prep. 經過經過 eg.He walked by me without speaking. 他走過我的身旁，沒有說話。他走過我的身旁，沒有說話。 翻譯翻譯 我弟弟每天從這樓旁走過。我弟弟每天從這樓旁走過。 My brother goes by the building every day. 3、介詞、介詞 prep. 用；靠；通過用；靠；通過 靠起得早，我每天早晨有一小時時間閱讀英語。靠起得早，我每天早晨有一小時時間閱讀英語。 By getting up early, I can have an hour for reading En

5、glish in the morning. 4、介詞、介詞 prep. 不遲于不遲于 not later than eg.I shall be back by 5 oclock. 最遲五點我一定回來。最遲五點我一定回來。 How many English parties had you had by the end of last term? 到上學期末，你們舉行了幾次英語晚會？到上學期末，你們舉行了幾次英語晚會？ 5.介詞介詞 prep.“被，由被，由” He is reading a novel by Lu Xun. 他在讀魯迅寫的一本小說。他在讀魯迅寫的一本小說。 6、介詞、介詞 pre

6、p. （指交通等）乘；（指交通等）乘；eg. The man came by bus. 那人是坐公共汽車來的。那人是坐公共汽車來的。 翻譯翻譯 他們坐飛機去上海他們坐飛機去上海 They went to Shanghai by air. 7、介詞、介詞prep.在在部位部位 eg.She led the child by the hand. 她拉著孩子的手往前走。她拉著孩子的手往前走。翻譯：那位老人牽著那個小女孩的手。翻譯：那位老人牽著那個小女孩的手。 The old man took the little girl by the hand. 8 8、副詞、副詞 adv. 從旁邊經過從旁邊經過

7、 past eg.He hurried by without a word. 他匆匆地走過去沒有說一句話。他匆匆地走過去沒有說一句話。 Time has gone by. 時間已過去了。時間已過去了。 9、副詞、副詞adv. 在旁邊在旁邊near He gave me a story book when nobody was by 當附近無人的時候他把小說給了我。當附近無人的時候他把小說給了我。 1、I want to sit _ my friend Susan考查知識點：介詞2、There are some trees _ the river考查知識點：表示方位的介詞3.Lily went

8、there_ bike考查知識點：表示工具、手段、方式的介詞4.I keep my health _ running frequently考查知識點：表示工具、手段、方式的介詞5.The thief is caught_ the police.考查知識點:表示被，由 第3講：how的用法第3講：how的用法第3講：how的用法How can we use how? 第3講：how的用法1. 表示感嘆表示感嘆. How cold it is today今天好冷啊！今天好冷啊！ 2.表示問候。如：表示問候。如： How do you do你好！你好！ How are you你（身體）好嗎？你（身體

9、）好嗎？3.表示某種方式、手段或方法。如：表示某種方式、手段或方法。如： 你怎樣拼寫它？你怎樣拼寫它？How do you spell it 他昨天是怎樣去上學的？他昨天是怎樣去上學的？ How did he go to school yesterday？ 4. 表示愛好、程度、看法等。表示愛好、程度、看法等。如：如： 你覺得這首樂曲如何？你覺得這首樂曲如何？ How do you like the music？ 你的漢語如何？你的漢語如何？ How is your Chinese？ 你認為中國怎么樣？你認為中國怎么樣？ How do you like China？ 5. 問天氣。問天氣。如：

10、北京的天氣怎么樣？如：北京的天氣怎么樣？ How is the weather in Beijing？ 6. 問路。問路。 請問去火車站的路怎么走？請問去火車站的路怎么走？ Excuse me， how can I get to the train station？ 7. 問年齡。如：問年齡。如： How old are you？你多大了？你多大了？ 征詢對方的看法、意見或向對方征詢對方的看法、意見或向對方 提出建議、請求等。提出建議、請求等。如：如： How about Friday？星期五怎么樣？星期五怎么樣？ 13. 問時間。如： 去年你缺課多長時間？ How long were you

11、 away from school last year？ 他們將何時回來? How soon will they come back？ 公共汽車多長時間開一班？ How often do the buses run？ how long用來提問“多長時間”，對“一 段時間的長短”提問時用，與延續性動詞連用； how often用來提問某動作或狀態發生 的頻率，對“一段時間內發生了幾次活動”（always，usually， often， never或twice a day等表示頻度的詞或短語）提問時用； how soon用來提問某人要“多快”能做 好某事，或某事要“多快”能完成，對“過多少時間（就

12、能）”（in短語）提問時 用，常用于將來時。 第3講：how的用法第3講：how的用法第5講:how練習講解1. Our P.E teacher has been at this school since he came.（劃線提問） _ _ _ our P.E teacher been at this school? 2. She writes to her parents once a week.（劃線提問） _ _ _ she write to her parents? 3. Li Ping spent twenty yuan on the dictionary.（劃線提問） _ _ _

13、 Li Ping _ on the dictionary? 4. Itll take them three weeks to finish the work.（劃線提問） _ _ _ it take them to finish the work? 5. Its about two kilometers from here to the country.（劃線提問） _ _ _ _ from here to the country? 6. Jane and her brother will finish the work in two hours. （劃線提問） _ _ _ Jane and

14、her brother finish the work? 7. _ did he call you the day before yesterday? Twice. A. What time B. How many times C. How much D. How long 8. Ive worked in that factory for two years. （劃線提問） _ _ _ you worked in that factory? 9. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater. _ _ did you pay for the sweater? 10. I

15、t is windy . _11. I am getting on well with it. _. 12. _ is a ticker for the film Hacker He? About forty yuan . A. How old B. How many C. How much D. How often 13. _ tea did you have? Two cups. A. How many B. How much C. How soon D. Which 14. _ a year does your school have sports meetings? Twice a y

16、ear. A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How many times 14. _ a year does your school have sports meetings? Twice a year. A. How often B. How soon C. How long D. How many times 15. _ will your father be back? . A How long B how often C How soon D How wide 16.They will come back in a month will t

17、hey come back？ 17. I study English by asking the teacher for help. _ 用how many, how, how much, how often, how long,how old 填空 1.A:_ _ students are there in the classroom? B: There are 15 students in the classroom. 2.A:_ _ do you take a bath? B: I take a bath twice a week. 3.A:_ _have you been learni

18、ng English? B: I have been learning English for 2 years. 4.A:_ _stars are there in the sky? 、B: There are many stars in the sky.5.A:_ are you? B: I am fine. 6.A:_ does your mother go to Beijing? B: My mother goes to Beijing by train. 7.A:_ _ days are there in a week? B: There are seven days in a wee

19、k. 8.A:_ _ is your bag? B: My bag is 50 dollars. 9.A:_ _ is your grandma? B: My grandma is 60 years old. 第3講：how的用法第3講：how的用法第5講：make up講解.make up1. 構成，組成；形成；占構成，組成；形成；占：eg.The committee is made up of six women. 委員會由六位婦女組成。 This made up 15%of their total income. 這是他們總收入的百分之十五。 2. 編造，捏造;虛構：eg.I could

20、nt remember the fairy story I wanted to tell her, so I made one up as I went along. 我想不起我要給她講的那個神話故事，于是我一邊走一邊編了一個。 Its not true. She made it up. 這不是真實的情況，是她編造出來的。3.和解；言歸于好：和解；言歸于好：eg.She is coming to make up with you. 她是來與你和解的。 He and his wife usually make up their quarrel the same day.他和妻子吵架通常當天就言歸

21、于好。4. 賠償金錢損失；彌補，補償，補充：賠償金錢損失；彌補，補償，補充：eg.His intelligence made up for his lack of personal charm. 他的智慧彌補了他的容貌缺陷。 5.補考；補上補考；補上(功課功課)；補修；趕上；補修；趕上：eg.She soon made up the lessons she had missed. 她很快就把缺的課補上了。 6. 打扮；化妝；化裝；涂脂抹粉打扮；化妝；化裝；涂脂抹粉：eg.She made up for the part of an old woman. 她化裝扮演一個老婦人。 Mary was

22、 slightly made up. 瑪麗稍稍涂了一點脂粉。7. 鋪床；整理鋪床；整理(旅館、房間等旅館、房間等)：eg.We made up our beds immediately after getting up. 我們一起床就把床鋪整理好。 We can make you up a bed on the floor,if you dont mind. 要是你不介意，我們可以為你打個地鋪。 第3講：how的用法第3講：how的用法第6講：重要短語講解 eg. My brother did not like the cat at all. not經常可以和助動詞結合在一起, at all

23、則放在句尾get up get onget off 起程：動身，如一旅程；get down to 開始（認真）做get on 相處和諧：是或連續處于和睦的關系之中get through 結束：到達終點；結束或完成 使自己被理解 end up doing sth. 終止做某事終止做某事, 結束做結束做某事某事, 后面加動名詞短語后面加動名詞短語, 相當于相當于 finish doing sth., 表示結束做某事表示結束做某事,事情已完事情已完成。成。 e.g. When we practice speaking English, we often end up speaking in Chin

24、ese. 但要注意與但要注意與stop doing sth. 的區別的區別: stop doing sth.指停止做某事，有可能是暫時的，不指停止做某事，有可能是暫時的，不久還會繼續下去。久還會繼續下去。 e.g. We had to stop singing because somebody knocked at the door.另外，另外，end up with 以以而告終，后面加名詞或動而告終，后面加名詞或動名詞。名詞。 e.g. The party ended up with her singing. 晚會以她晚會以她的歌唱而告終。的歌唱而告終。 第3講：how的用法第3講：how的

25、用法第7講：重要句子講解（一） 太.而不能.=so.that +否定eg. She is too young to go to school. =She is so young that she cannot go to school. 第3講：how的用法第3講：how的用法第8講：重要句子講解（二） sectionB 3a) 2.Later on, I realized that it doesnt matter if you dont understand every word. later on 以后以后;隨后（用于銜接）隨后（用于銜接） later adv. 后來；稍后；隨后后來；稍

26、后；隨后 adj. 更遲的；更后的更遲的；更后的相關短語相關短語 ： sooner or later 遲早，早晚遲早，早晚 for later 供以后用供以后用 later years 晚年晚年 see you later 再見；回頭見再見；回頭見 term n.學期學期enjoy doing 喜歡做喜歡做樂于樂于enjoy oneself=have a good timeimpress v. 使感動使感動;給給深刻印象深刻印象eg.His hair impressed me deeply/ I was deeply impressed with his hair when we met at

27、 first time. 第3講：how的用法第3講：how的用法第9講：重要句子講解（三） sectionB 3a) secret n.秘密秘密;機密機密 learner n.學習者學習者 這個句子為一個賓語從句，其中從句中又采用了動名詞做主語。 complete adj. 完整的完整的;完全的完全的 sentence n. 句子句子 make a sentence 造句造句 either用法用法（1）用作代詞時，意為“兩者中的任何一個”，在句中可作主語和賓語。either 在句中用作主語時，謂語動詞應為單數形式謂語動詞應為單數形式。eg. Either of the students do

28、es well in their studies. 兩個學生中，無論是誰學習都不錯。 eg.-Do you like the two books? 你喜歡這兩本書嗎? -No, I dont like either. 不，哪一本我都不喜歡。 He saw two films, but he didnt like either one very much. 他看了兩部電影，但哪一部他也不太喜歡。 On either side of the river there are some small factories. 在河的哪一邊都有幾座小型的工廠。(3) either 用作副詞時，意為“也”，只用

29、于否定句中只用于否定句中eg. They didnt go to the park yesterday. I didnt go there, either. 昨天他們沒去公園，我也沒去公園。 My mother doesnt like traveling by air. My father doesnt like, either. 我的母親不喜歡坐飛機旅行，我的父親也不喜歡。 be afraid to do sth害怕去做害怕去做 be afraid of sth/doing sth.eg .He is afraid of test/having a test. be afraid+that引

30、導的從句引導的從句eg.I am afraid that mum may be angry with my score. laugh at sb笑話笑話;取笑取笑(某人某人) 第3講：how的用法第3講：how的用法第10講：現在完成時講解現在完成時講解eg.He has taught in our school for 30 years. 他在我們學校教書已有30年了。 He has been busy since last week. 自上個星期以來他一直很忙。 他離開學校以后就一直為我們工作。 He has worked for us ever since he left school.

31、 3.現在完成時表示重復現在完成時表示重復 表示從過去某個時間直到現在的這個時間范圍內不斷重復發生的動作或情況，并且這個不斷重復的動作有可能繼續下去，也有可能到現在就結束.eg.How often have you seen her? 你隔多少見她一次? My father has always gone to work by bike. 我父親一向騎車上班。4.現在完成時表示將來現在完成時表示將來 同一般現在時可以表示將來一樣，現在完成時也可以在時間狀語從句里表示將來.eg.Ill wait until he has written his letter. 我愿等到他把信寫完。 When y

32、ou have rested, Ill show you the garden. 等你休息好之后，我領你看我們的花園與一般過去時相比，兩者的區別是：一般過去時有動作發生的時間點，即過去某一時間發生某一動作；現在完成時則沒有，即不強調是哪個時間點發生的動作，而強調過去的動作對現在造成的影響和結果。eg.He finished it. He has finished it. 第3講：how的用法第3講：how的用法第11講：Language points 有生命的加有生命的加es，無生命的加，無生命的加s4.V-ing（動名詞）（動名詞）即動詞的即動詞的-ing形式，相當于名形式，相當于名詞。在句

33、子中可做主語詞。在句子中可做主語, 賓語賓語, 表語等。表語等。e.g. 1). I think that doing lots of listening practice is one of the secrets of learning. doing lots of listening practice 為動名詞短語，為動名詞短語，做從句中的主語。做從句中的主語。listening做定語做定語, 修飾修飾 practice.2）I am enjoying learning English. 動名詞短語做賓語。動名詞短語做賓語。3）Seeing is believing. 眼見為實。眼見為實

34、。 （seeing做主做主語，語，believing做表語做表語做主語要注意謂語動詞的單復數做主語要注意謂語動詞的單復數 如：如： Memorizing the words of pop songs helps a little. He thinks studying grammar is a great way to learn a language. Studying English is important. Listening more improves listening skills. Eating too much can make us fat. Eating well and

35、 sleeping well help us study well. 第3講：how的用法第3講：how的用法第12講：重要句型（一）1.詢問方式A:How do you study for a test?B:Well, I study by working with friends/ asking the teacher for help/ reading the textbook/ reading the notebook/ making vocabulary lists/ listening to the tapes / cassettesBoy 1: Hey, gang. Theres

36、 a big test on Tuesday. I really need some help. Voices: Sure! Yes. Sure we will. Boy 1: You did really well on the last English test, , Mei? Girl 1: Yeah. I did OK. Boy 1: Well, how did you study? Girl 1: By making flashcards. Boy 1: Maybe Ill try that. How did you study, Pierre? Boy 2: By asking t

37、he teacher for help. She was really happy I asked. Boy 1: Thats interesting. How do you study, Antonio? Boy 3: I like to study . But some times my mother thinks Im listening to music. And then she Boy 1: Oh, wellGirl 1: Welcome to the English club. Today were going to talk about the best ways to lea

38、rn English. Who has an idea? Boy 1: Do you learn English by watching English-language videos? Girl 1: No. Its too hard to understand the voices. Boy 1: What about keeping a diary in English? Do you learn English that way? Girl 2: I think so. It helps to write English every day. Girl 3: Have you ever

39、 studied with a group? Girl 2: Yes, I have! Ive learned a lot that way. Girl 1: Do you ever practice conversations with friends? Girl 2: Oh, yes. It improves my speaking skills. Boy 1: What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation? Girl 3: I do that sometimes. I think it helps. Boy 2: I do too. And I always look up new words in a dictionary. Girl 3: Thats a great i