1、Unit 5 China and the WorldTopic 1 China attracts millions of tourists from all over the world.一.重要句型:Section A1. It's been two years since Mr. And Mrs. came to China.格林夫婦來中國 已經兩年了。“It's been +時間段+ since+從句.”句型,表示“自從有時間了。”劃線部分是定語從句，修飾先行詞countryo關系代詞that在從句中作 主語，不能省略，此處還可以用which o2. China is a

2、 great country that has about 5000 years of history.中國是一 個擁有約五千年歷史的大國。that has about 5000 years of history 是定語從句，修飾名詞 country, country是先行詞，that是關系代詞，在定語從句中作主語， 也可以用 which。3. There are a great number of rivers in China.國有許多河流。A. a number of意為“許多、大量”，后接名詞或代詞的復數形式，作 主語時謂語動詞用復數形式。A number of books are l

3、ent out from the library every day. 圖書館每天有 很多書被借走。B. a great number of = a large number of = large numbers o次量，許多C. the number of意為"的數量/數目”，后接復數名詞，但作主 語時，.語動詞用單數。The number of students in our school is about 2 80瞰們學校的學生人數大約是2800人。4. Among them, the Changjiang River is the longest one and the se

4、cond longest is the Huanghe River.其中長江是中國最長的河流，黃河位居第二。the second longest意為“第二長”，在形容詞的最高級家上序數詞second,表示第二Shanghai is the biggest city in China and Beijing is second biggest one:海 是中國最大的城市，北京位居第二。5. They're the birthplaces of Chinese culture 她們是中1 國文化的發源地。6. I can fetch you Guide to China. It'

5、s a book which introduces China indetail我可以拿中國指南給你，這本書詳細介紹了中國。(1) fetch v.取來，取，指從此處到別處去把人帶來或是把物取來。常用句型：fetch sb. sth.=fetch sth. for sb.給某人取某物；get 與 fetch意思差不多，常用于口語。Go and get some water.去弄點水來。I need some meat for the soup. Could you fetch me some械需要些肉來煮湯。你能給我拿些嗎？(2) introduce sb. / sth.介紹某人 / 某物；

6、introduce sb. / sth. to sb.向某人介紹某人/某物；introduce oneself to sb向某人自我介紹；introduction (名詞)指示，說明；Read the introductions on the bottle before you take the medicine.吃藥之 前，先看瓶子上的說明。(3) which introduces為定語從句,先行詞 book。7. It's a mountain with lots of strange pine treeSK 是一座長著很多奇松的 山。(1) with+名詞，作后置定語“長著，有著

7、，帶著”。I like the chair with three legs.我喜歡那把三條腿的椅子。(2) strange (形容詞)奇怪白陌生的；stranger (名詞)陌生人；Do you know what's strange?你知道有什么奇怪的嗎？Do you know this stranger?你知道這個陌生人？8. It lies in Anhui Province.它位于安徽省境內。lie表方位“位于”常與介詞搭配，常是介詞+the+方向。A. lie in表示“位于內”，兩者是包含關系。Guangzhou lies in the south of China.廣州在

8、中國的南方。B. lie on表示在某一方，地點與地點是相鄰關系。如河北與河南之 間相鄰。Shandong lies on the east of HenanlLl 東在河南的東部。C. lie to表示地點與地點之間相隔。如福建與臺灣。Shanghai lies to the south of Beijing.上海在北京的南部。D. lie off后不直接加方向詞，而是為某一地點，常為海岸等。常指水中島嶼等，意“相隔、相離”Many islands lie off China's east coast中國的東海岸有很多島嶼。Section B1. What grand buildin

9、gs!多宏偉的建筑啊！2. Because yellow was a symbol of imperial power in ancient ChinaB為在 古代的中國，黃色是帝王權力的象征。a symbol of 的象征；The white bird is a symbol of freedom這白色的鳥是自由的象徵。3. What are those animals that are carved on the stones?U 亥 U 在在石頭上 的是什么動物？It's said that they're powerful animals which guard the

10、 whole nation. 據說 它們是守護整個國家的威猛動物。兩句均為定語從句。先行詞都是animals,關系代詞可用that或which, 且在從句中均作主語。練一練：a).I will never forget the day_ we spent in old town with small houses.A.who B.whom C.that D.whatb)I didn't see you last night.Where did you go? I went to see a movie called Coming Home _ was directed by Zhang

11、 Yimou.A.who B.whom C.when D.which4. In ancient China, emperors thought that they themselves were the real dragons and the sons of Heaven在古代的中國，帝王們認為他們自己是 真龍天子。5. And the dragon has become a symbol of the Chinese nation.而且龍已 經成為中華民族的象征了。6. It also plays an important part in Chinese festivals. 它在中國節日

12、 中也扮演著重要的角色。play a / an.part = play a / an.role扮演一個角色，起作用，有影響；Television plays an important part in our daily life. 電視在我們的日常生 活中起著重要的作用。Section CI.These early walls that were made of packed earth and wood wore away in the rain and wind.這些早期由成袋的土和木頭建立的城墻在風雨中磨 損了。(1) that是連詞，引導定語從句從句。先行詞是wall。(2) wore

13、為wear的過去式，wear away消逝； 磨損；消耗殆盡；wear out穿破；磨損；(使)筋疲力盡；耗盡；wear off磨損；磨掉；逐漸減弱；逐漸消失；練一練：Water can rocks after a long time, even though the rock is harder.A.wear off B.wear out C.wear on D.wear away2 .Those Ming Dynasty rulers did not expect that it would later be used to bring tourists into China.那些明朝的統

14、治者們不曾設想到后來萬里長城 為中國帶來游客。that是連詞，引導賓語從句。expect是動詞，意為“期待，期望”， 通常其后加名詞作賓語。常見句型：expect to do sth.期待做某事；expect sb. to do sth期待某人做某事；expect +that引導的賓語從句。練一練：a) You look sad.What has happened?一Everyone us to win the match,but we lost.A.expects B.expected C.hopes D.hopedb).Mary is tired of learning because s

15、he is to do better Than she can,both at school and at home.A.thought B.hoped C.helped D.expectedc) It's so .Why not write the report tomorrow?But I don't know I can do it if not now.A.why B.when C.how D.where3 .What's the tourist attraction and where is it?這個旅游景點是什么？在 哪里？(1) be famous fo

16、r 因而出名；Hangzhou is famous for West Lake.杭州因西湖而出名。(2) be famous as = be known as乍為而著稱；Luxun is famous as a writer.魯迅作為作家而著稱。Section D1. The home of tea,which has more than 4000 years of history,is China. which has more than 4000 years of histor渥由 which 弓 I 導的定語從句， 修飾先行詞tea, which在從句中作主語，而且定語從句與先行詞tea

17、之間用逗號隔開，這種定語從句在句中起補充說明的作用，去掉之后 意思依然清楚，此時的 which不可用that代替，這種定于從 句為非限制性定語從句，而前面兩個話題所學的定語從句稱為限制性定語從句。2. People throughout China drink tea dail沖國人每天喝茶。throughout是介詞,意為“遍及,在各處"，相當于all over / around。People throughout the world love peaces 世界人民都熱愛和平。3. Tea from China ,along with silk and porcelain,beg

18、an to be known by the world over a thousand years ago口絲綢、瓷器一樣，中國 的茶葉在一千 年多年前就被世人所知。along with意為“與在一起，與同樣地；除以夕卜(還)”,相當 together with / with ；together / along with +名詞 放在主語之后作插入語時，謂語動詞的單復數由主語的單復數決定-一就遠原則。The boy along with the twins goe； to the library.那個男孩和雙胞胎起 去圖書館。練一練：My cousin along with her paren

19、ts visit my house this afternoon.A.are going to B.is going to C.go to D.goes to4. Over the past centuries,Chinesepeople have developed their unique tea culture,including tea planting,tea-leaf picking ,tea making and tea drinking 過去的幾個世紀，中國人就已經發展了獨特的茶文化，包括種茶、摘 茶、制茶和喝茶。(1) over+the past/last+時間 意為“在過去

20、的時間"，over相當于in,常用于過去時態中。練一練:China great changes the past ten years.A.experienced,in B.is experiencing,over C.has experienced,overD.experiences,during(2) including介詞，意為“包括，包括”.其后跟名詞詞，構成介詞 短語。練一練：I've got three days' holiday New Year's Day. A.on B.in C. atD.including二.重點語法定語從句(n)* 1.w

21、ho指人，在從句中做主語或賓語。作主語時不能省略，作賓語時可省略。(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.* 2. whom指人，為who的賓格形式，在句中只能作賓語。其前面沒 有介詞時，也可用 who/that代替，也可省略。(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.注意：關系代詞whom在口語和非正式語體中常用who代替，可省略。(2) The man (who/

22、whom )you met just now is my friend.* 3. which指物，在定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略。(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主語)(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( whichfe句子中做賓語 ) * 4. that指人時，相當于 who或者whom；指物時，相當于 which,在 定語從句中做主語或者賓語，做賓語時可省略。(1) The people that/who come t

23、o visit the city are all here.(在句子中做主 語)(2) Where is the man (that/whom ) I saw this morning?。句子中1 做賓 語)* 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中做定語，不可省略。(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物時，常用以下結構來代替(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be

24、 repaired.=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(4)Do you like the book whose color is yellow?=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?* 具體使用時還要注意下列問題：1、只能使用that,不用which的情況：* 1)當先行詞是： all , any , anything , everything , nothing 或被它們修飾時。Is there anything that I ca

25、n do for you ?有什么可以為你做的嗎？* 2)當先行詞被形容詞的最高級或序數詞修飾時。That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop .那是這家書店出售的最有趣的書之一。* 3)當先行詞有:the only , the very , the same , the las等修飾時。例如:My necklace is not the only thing that's missing .我的項鏈不僅是丟掉的 東西。* 4）當主句以who或which開頭時，定語從句中引導詞用 that

26、 ,不用 which或who ,以避免重復。例如：Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat ?正穿一件紅色外套的女孩子是 誰？* 5）當先行詞既有人又有物時，用 that o例如：The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known .你剛才談起的那位作家以及他的小說確實很著名。2、只用which不用that的情況：* 1）關系代詞前有介詞時；This is the room in which Lu Xun lived.* 2）?非限定性定語從句中

27、；作賓語用的關系代詞也不能省略。That necklace, which you gave me as a present, was lost yesterday.* 3）先行詞本身是that時；The clock is that which tells the time非限定性定語從句的作用是對所修飾的成分作進一步說明，通常是引導詞和先行詞之間用逗號隔開，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last yea查理史密斯去 年退休了，他曾經是我的老師。（非限 ）There is somebody her

28、e who wants to speak to you 這里有人要和你說話（限制性）* 4） which還有一種特殊用法，它可以引導從句修飾前面的整個主句， 代替主句所表示的整體概念或部分概念。在這種從句中，which可以作主語，也可以作賓語或表語，多數情況下意思是與and this相似，弁可以指人。He did very well in the competition, which made his parents very happy.在 比賽中他做的很好，這使他的父母很開心。* 關系代詞 whom, which在定語從句中作介詞賓語時， 可以和介詞 一起放于先行詞與定語從句之間， 有時為

29、了關系緊湊也可以將 whom 與which與先行詞緊挨著書寫，而將介詞置于定語從句的后面，That was the room in which we had lived for ten years.= That was the room which we had lived in for ten years.這個房間我們住了 十年。* 像listen to, look at, take care of等固定短語動詞，在定語從句中一般 不宜將介詞與動詞分開。例如： This is the boy whom she has taken care of.3 .重點詞組：1. It's two

30、 years since+過去時的句子自從已經有兩年T;2. live with sb.和居住；3. about 5000 years of history大約 5000 年的歷史;4. many places of interest許多名勝古跡；5. millions of tourists數以百萬計的游客；6. know much/little about對（不）太了解；7. hasyears of history8. a number of名詞，做主語時謂復）；9. the number of 名詞，做主語時謂單）；10. the second longest river11. the

31、birthplace of 源地；12. fetch sb. sth.=fetch sth. for sb.13. in detail14. lie in15. lie on16. lie to17. go through18. a height of.19. a length of有年的歷史；許多的/大量的（飾復數的數量（飾復數第二長的河；的出生地/發給某人取某物；詳盡地；位于（之內）；位于（相鄰）；位于（之外）；穿過；的高度；的長度；20. all over the world = around the world 全世界;21. be worth doing sth.22. the ro

32、ofs of most building23. a symbol of imperial power24. carve on the stones25. guard the whole nation值得做某事； 大部分建筑的屋頂； 帝王權力的象征；刻在石頭上；守護整個國家;26. the real dragons and the sons of Heaven 真龍天子;27. become a symbol of the Chinese nation成為中華民族的象征；28. play a / an.part = play a / an.role扮演一個角色，起作用，有影響；29. show

33、sb, around帶某人參觀；30. powerful animals強悍的動物；31. the Palace Museum故宮；32. people's comments人們的評語；33. the greatestwonders of the world世界最偉大的奇觀；34. stretch from To.從 延伸到；35. a treasure of Chinese civilization中華文明的瑰寶；36. about 8800 kilometers long大約 8800 米長；37. the Warring States Period戰國時期；38. join al

34、l the these smaller walls together把所有這些小城墻連在一起；39. join together將連在一起；40. wear away（使）磨滅，（使）磨損，（使）磨掉；41. separatefrom把分開；42. regard as把看作；43. the first emperor44. the Ming dynasty45. wear away耗殆盡；46. wear out筋疲力盡；耗盡；47. wear off漸減弱；逐漸消失；48. be famous for49. o50. tourist attraction51. be in

35、terested in趣；52. be famous as = be known as稱；53. the home of tea54. the three major drinks55. along with地；除以外（還）；56. tea planting57. tea-leaf picking58. tea making第一個皇帝；明代；消逝；磨損；消穿破；磨損；（使）磨損；磨掉；逐以而著名；把分成；旅游景點；對感到興作為而著茶的故鄉；三種主要飲品；與在一起，與同樣種茶；摘茶；制茶；喝茶；59. tea drinking60. sound similar to the pronunciat

36、ion of的發音相似；61. an important Chinese export口產品；62. the mild climate63. rich soil64. Chinese character65. develop their unique tea culture化；4 .練習：A.選擇題：聽起來與中國的重要出溫和的氣候；肥沃的土地；漢字；發展獨特的茶文1. Zunyi is a great city has many places of interest.A.who B.that C.what D. /2. Today is Sunday. There are people in

37、the park.A.much B.the number of C.a great number of D.a lot3. Look,there is a guide over there. He is introducing the visitors the Palace Museum detail.A.of B.on C.with D.in4. Taiwan lies the southeast of China. It's a place that is worthA.in, visiting B.in, to visiting C.to, visit D.to, visitin

38、gA.takeB.fetch C.carry D.catch5. I asked Kate to me my book, but she brought me her book.6. Could you please describe your hometown?A.in detail B.attentively C.difficultly D.hardly7. This is the dictionary Mum gave me for my birthday.A.whichB.what C.whose D.whom8. We will go to the park if it tomorr

39、ow.A. isn't?rain? ? B. doesn't?rain?C. won't?rain? ? ?D. don't?rain9. It's worth your time when you visit the Great Wall.A. take? ? ?B. to?take? ? C. taking? ? D. taken1. .Is this university your elder brother will choose this year?A.the one B.thatC.where D.who11. In most areasof

40、 north China, the temperature alwayskeeps zero in winter.A.underB.over C.onD.below12. My new car on my way home yesterday.A.breaked down B.breaks down C.broke downD.wasbroken down13. The book I bought yesterday is lost.A.thatB.whose C.who D.whom14. Peoplet s way of life in the north is quite differe

41、nt from inthe south.A.thatB.these C.isD.this15. 一You' re too tired and thirsty. Stay here. I' ll you some water.Thank you.A.takeB.fetchC.wantD.carry16. Which do you prefer, soda or coffee? I like of them. Tea ismy favorite.A.both B.either C.neither D.none17. Not only the students but also th

42、e teacher in the classroom,that is to say, the students as well as the teacher in the classroom.A.are; are B.is; is C.is; are D.are; is18. 一 What are you going to do this weekend? I together with my classmates going to climb Mount Tai.A.is B.am C.are D.were19. The Japanesecharacter for tea is writte

43、n the same as it is in Chinese,though it ' s pronounced differently.A,mainly B.exactly C.mostly D.probably20. Tom,his classmates, went to the zoo yesterday.A.with along B.along with C.no D.came alongB.用所給詞的適當形式填空。1. The old house(surround) by trees and mountains.2. The film is well worth(see).3.

44、 Can you introduce(you)?4. There is a dog(lie) on the ground.5. The new students are not used to(be) away from home.6. The Yellow River is(two) longest river in China.7. Now, more and more(tour) are coming to Beijing to visit theGreat Wall.8. Playing computer games is so exciting that children often lose (they) in it.9. We have to stay at home, becaust it ' saining (heav