1、英語國家社會與文化復習資料第一部分課程考核說明1、考核目的通過考試,了解學生對本課程的基本內容、重點和難點的掌握程度,以及運用本課程的基本知識、基本方法和基本理論分析和解決實際問題的能力。同時還考察學生在平時的學習中是否注意了理解和記憶相結合,理解和運用相結合。2、考核方式:閉卷考試。3、適用范圍、教材和參考資料本試題庫適用范圍為英語本科專業。試題命題的參照教材為An Outline Introduction to Britain and America(來安方等編著,參考資料包括Survey of Britain and America(張奎武主編、Understanding the US

2、and the UK(許魯之編著、English-speaking Countries: A Survey(余志遠主編。4、命題依據本試題庫依據是英美社會與文化課程的教學大綱、教材。5、考試要求主要考核學生對課程基本知識及概念、基本理論和基本技能的理解和應用能力。在能力層次上,從識記、領會和應用三個角度來要求。識記是要求學生掌握本課程的基本知識和相關概念;領會是要求學生在掌握基本理論、基本方法的基礎上,能融會貫通;應用是要求學生能綜合運用所學的內容,對課程中的有關問題進行討論,作出自己的評價。6、試題類型及結構試題類型及分數比重大致為:單項選擇題(20%+簡答題(20%+概念題(30%+論述題

3、(30%。第二部分基本概念Explain the following terms in English1. the Thames River2. Alfred the Great3. Open University4. the Glorious Revolution5. the British Commonwealth.6. the Black Death.7. Constitutional Monarchy. 8. the welfare state.9. the Magna Carta 10. the Wars of Roses11. the National Healthy Servic

4、e 12. Public school13. Keynesianism 14. grammar school15. National Eisteddfod 16. the Jury System17. Bloody Mary 18. the People's Charter of 183819. Agribusiness 20. the Open Structure21. the dissenters 22. New Scotland Yard23. Stonehenge 24. Hadrians Wall25. the open-field farming system 26. He

5、ptarchy27. the Witan 28. Vikings29. the Danelaw 30. crusades31. Joan of Arc 32. the Lollards33. Enclosures 34. Star Chamber35. Renaissance 36. humanists37. the Divine Right of Kings 38. The Gunpowder Plot of 160539. the Grand Remonstrance 40. The Commonwealth41. Diggers 42. Levelers43. farmer George

6、基本知識、Read the following unfinished statement on question carefully. For each unfinished statement on question four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Chose the one which you think best completes the statement or answers the questions1. There are three natural Zones in Scotland. Which

7、is the exception?A Highlands in the north B the Central LowlandsC the Easters Uplands D the Southern Uplands2. River is the most important river in ScotlandATweed BTyne CThames DClyde3. The British Empire gradually disappeared and it was replaced by the British Commonwealth in _A 1931 B1991 C1923 D1

8、9304. The first known settlers of Britain wereA the Iberians B the Celts C the Beaker Folk D the Romans5. , the great Roman general, invaded Britain for the first time in 55 BC.A Emperor Claudius BJulius Caesar C Alfred D William6. At the time of the Norman Conquest, Anglo-Saxon English was headed b

9、yA Tostig BGodwin C Eudemon D Harold7. For nearly years, Britain was under the Roman occupation.A 300 B 400 C 500 D 6008. When the Hundred Years War ended in 1453, was the only part of France that was still in the hands of English.A Flanders B Slugs C Calais D Potion9 was the founder of Angevin(or P

10、lantagenet Dynasty.A HenryB HenryC King John D Edward 10. Charlescalled his third parliament in 1628, at this parliament he was forced to accept the Petition of Right, regarded as the SecondA Magna Carta B Bill of Rights C Long Parliament DProvisions of Oxford11. is generally regarded as the beginni

11、ng of modem world history.A The Puritan Revolution B The RenaissanceC The Great Charter D The English Reformation12. The restoration of the House of Stuart happened in the year The monarch who restored wasA1660, Charles II B1685, James II C1660, James II D1685,Charles II13. is the best known of the

12、"metaphysical poets".AEdmund Spenser B Philip Sidney C John Done D Ben Jonson14. The Tories were the forerunners of the which still bears the nickname today.A the Liberty Party Bthe Labor PartyC the Conservative Party Dthe Communist Party15. The English Industrial Revolution in the late 18

13、th century started with the _ industry.A coal-mining B textile C shipbuilding Diron and steal16. By Britain had built up a big empire "on which the sun never set".A1839 B1799 C 1900 D190517. The Labor Party had its origins in _, which was formed in 1893 and led by Kin Hardin.A the Labor Re

14、presentation Committee B the Independent Labor PartyC the Conservative Party D the Trades Union Congress18. is often referred to as the "Silicon Glen" in Britain.A The area between London and South Wales B Liverpool and Merseyside RegionC The area between Glasgow and Edinburgh D The Cambri

15、dge areas of East Anglia19. The main textile producing region of Britain are the following exceptA Yorkshire B Northern Ireland C West Midlands D Humberside20. An outstanding feature of British economic recovery in the 1803 was its .A inflation B length C unemployment D privatization21. Natural gas

16、was discovered in 1965 and oil in 1970 underA the Atlantic Ocean B the North SeaC the English Channel D the Pacific Ocean22. The monarchy is the oldest institution of government, going back to at leastA the 9th century B the 8th century C 1649 D 168923. The main functions of Parliament are following

17、 exceptA to pass laws B to debate the major issues of the dayC to advise the Sovereign to approve certain government decreesD to examine government policy and administration24. The beginning of the Second Civil War in England was the yearA 1645 B 1646 C 1647 D 164825.The House of Commons is elected

18、by universal adult suffrage and consists of members of Parliament.A 524 B 651 C 336 D 61026. are the two major political parties in Britain today.A The Labor Party and the Conservation PartyB The Conservation Party and the Liberal PartyC The Liberal Party and the RepublicansD The Liberal Party and t

19、he Labor Party27. Appeals in criminal cases in English and Wales can be heard by the following courts exceptA the Court of Appeal B the Magistrate CourtC the Crown Court D the High Court28. The High Court has 3 divisions, which is the exceptA Family Division B Commercial DivisionC Chancery Division

20、D Queen's Bench Division29. London's Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control ofA the Lord Chancellor B the Home SecretaryC the Prime Minister D the Ministry of Defence30. is the ultimate court of appeal in civil cases of U. K.A The House of Commons B The Court of ApealC The H

21、igh Court D The House of Lords31. of the following is not the non-contributory Social Security benefits.A War pensions B Maternity allowance and widow's benefitC Child benefit D Family credit32. The religions leader of the Church of England isA Archbishop of Canterbury B Archbishop of York C Lor

22、d chancellor D Queen33. Education is compulsory for all between the ages of and _ in Great Britain except in Northern Ireland.A 5, 18 B 4, 18 C 5, 16 D 4, 1634. National newspapers are popularly divided into 3 groups, is the exception.A quality papers B popular papers C Sunday papers D mid-market pa

23、pers.35. The State-run BBC is financed from theA commercial B the sale of TV set C the public funding D the sale of TV licenses36. is the most popular sport in England as well as in Europe.A Football B Cricket C Horse racing D Snooker37. Under the old Selective System, English children who have mark

24、s in the "eleven plus"examination go on toA grammar schools B public school C technical schools D secondary modern schools38. The Puritans were originally an extreme sect.A Catholic B Jewish C Orthodox D Protestant39. Christianity was introduced into Britain byA the Anglo-Saxons B the Celt

25、s C the Romans D the Norman-French40. About percent of the state secondary school population in Great Britain attend comprehensive schools.A 60 B 70 C 80 D 9041. is the official name of the United Kingdom.A Great Britain B The Britain Isles C EnglandD The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern

26、 Ireland42. There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain, is the exception.A England B Wales C Northern Ireland D Scotland43. Britain is surrounded by the sea which lies in the north Atlantic Ocean off ofEurope.A the south coast B the west coast C the east coast D the north coa

27、st44. The commonest English name "Smith" comes from the name "Schmidt".A German B France C Spain D Gaelic45. brought the new religion, Christianity to Britain.A The Anglo-Saxons B The Romans C The Normans D The Celts46. When the Northumbrians submitted to the King Egbert and took

28、 him for their master in 829actually became an overlord of all the English.A Offa B Egbert C Kent D William47. Which of the following is Not true about the Anglo-Saxons?A They divided the country into countiesB They divided the narrow-trip 3-field farming systemC They established the manorial system

29、D They laid the foundation of the English State48. The Canterbury Tales, which describes a group of traveling into Canterbury to visitThomas Backer's tomb.A Protestants B Catholics C Pilgrims D Puritans49. The Hundred Year's War is given to the intermittent war between and that lasted from 1

30、337 to 1453.A France England B the U. S BritainC Germany England D French Germany50. By 1453 was the only part of France that was still in the hands of the English.A Slugs B Flanders C Poiton D Calais51. The name Wars of the Roses was coined by the great 19th century novelistA Sir Walter Scott B Ben

31、 JonsonC Edmund Spenser D Christopher Marlowe52. Three of the following were characteristic of the Elizabethan age. Which is the exception? _A Protestantism gradually became the dominant faith.B Queen Elizabeth advocated the Divine Right and quarreled with Parliament.C This was the age of the advent

32、ure on the sea.D This was the age of literature when Shakespeare lived and when English literature blossomed.53. The Renaissance began in in the early 14th century.A Britain B Greece C Italy D France54. The English Renaissance was largelyA political B economical C social D literary55. greatly influe

33、nced the early works of Shakespeare.A Marlowe B John Donne C Roger Ascham D Francis Bacon56. The most famous of the Catholic conspiracies was the Gunpowder plot of .A 1742 B 1605 C 1615 D 161157. was condemned to death and executed on a scaffold outside the windows of the Banqueting House at Whiteha

34、ll on January 30, 1649.A James I B Charles I C James VI D Charles VI58. is generally regarded as the beginning of modem world history.A The English Civil War B The RenaissanceC The English Reformation D The Wars of Roses59. In the Parliament Act was passed, severely limiting the power of the lords a

35、ndestablishing the Commons as the Supreme legislative body.A 1910 B 1911 C 1912 D 191360. There are mainly fanning types in Britain. And most are reared in factoryfanning.A 5, sheep B 6, sheep C 5, chickens D 6, chickens61. British motor industry is now dominated by four firms which is the exception

36、?A Ford B Peugeot C the Rover group D Volkswagen62. Britain is the largest trading nation in the world.A fifth B first C third D fourth63. A General Election takes place at least years and MPs are elected.A 3, 650 B 4, 651 C 5, 651 D 6, 65064. The Britain Parliament consists of three parts exceptA t

37、he Sovereign B the CabinetC the House of Lords D the House of Commons65. Succession to the throne is founded on the in Britain.A hereditary principle B Common Law C Statute Law D Conventions66. The U. K is a state.A republic B federal C unitary D none of above67. The National Health Service was esta

38、blished in the U. K inA 1928 B 1938 C 1948 D 195868. Nearly a of government expenditure is devoted to the social security prograrm.A 1/2 B l/3 C1/4 D l/569. Except that may not be a Roman Catholic, public offices are open without distinctionto member of all churches or of none.A the Lord Chancellor

39、B the Prime Minister C the Home Secretary D the Attorney General70. is not the Christian festival.A Christmas B Good Friday C Easter D Whit Sunday71. Unestablished churches in Britain includeA the Anglican churches B the Free churchesC the Roman Catholic church D all of the above72. Which of the fol

40、lowing belongs to the popular papers?A The Times B The Guardian C The Daily Telegraph D The Daily Express73. The Chartist Movement was the first nation-wide _ and drew attention to serious problems.A farmers' movement. B trader's movementC literature campaign D working class movement.74. was

41、 the first king to bring all Ireland under English control.A Henry II B James VI C Henry D James I75. is the chief Christian festival.A Easter B Christmas C New Year's Day D Guy Fawkes Day76. The Queen is the centre of much ofA the nation's ceremonial B the ancient traditionC the leader of s

42、ociety D all of the above77. The Thatcher government adopted an economic programme known as" "A Keynesianism B MonetarismC Medium-term Financial Strategy D Long-term Financial Strategy78. The Norman Conquest refers to the Conquest of England by the Normans under in .A William of Orange/166

43、0 B William of Normandy/1066C William the Conqueror/1660 D William III/106679. In England and Wales _ recommends the High Court and circuit judges.A the Secretary of State. B the Home Secretary.C the Attorney General. D the Lord Chancellor.80. Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespea

44、re?A Twelfth Night B Othello. C The Tempest D Richard II81. is a mountain chain know as the "Backbone of Northern England''.A The Pennies B Ben Nevis C Scafell D None of above82. The largest lake in Britain is Longh Neagh, it is located inA England B Scotland C Northern Ireland D Wales8

45、3. part of Britain has the most rainfall.A The northwestern B The southeastern C The western D The eastern84. The most important historical monument left to us by the ancient Iberians was .A mound B Stonehenge C stronghold D the Hadrian's Wall85. The successful Roman invasion of Britain happened

46、 in A. D.A 25 B 35 C 45 D 4386. Beginning from the mid-5th century, the three most powerful tribes came to Britainexcept .A Angles B Saxons C Celts D Jutes87. William I replaced the Witan, the council of the Anglo-Saxons Kings, withA the Grand Council B the Great CouncilC the Private Council D the P

47、rivy Council88. The Canterbury Tales was written byA Geoffrey B T. S. Eliot C Sir Thomas Wyatt D Sir Thomas More89. English Parliament began to come into being in the century.A 11th B 12th C 13th D 14th90. The end of the Wars of the Roses in 1485 marked the beginning of the Dynasty.A Plantagenet B T

48、udor C Angevin D none of above91. The Act of union in the year 1707 united andA England, Wales B Wales, ScotlandC England, Scotland D Scotland , Northern Ireland92. The most famous of the Catholic Conspiracies against King was the Gunpowder Plotin .A James I, 1603 B Charles I, 1603 C Charles I, 1605

49、 D James I, 160593. The protestant Reformation in England was led by King .A Henry VIII B Henry VII C Edward VI D Henry II94. was the first country of the world in which the Industrial Revolution took place.A France B Britain C Germany D the U. S. A.95. The Chartist Movement ended in the yearA 1830

50、B 1848 C 1832 D 185196. In Britain only _ of the population are farmers but they manage of the land area.A 3%, 70% B 4%, 72% C 5%, 68% D 6%, 74%97. There are farming types in Britain.A 4 B 5 C 6 D 898. The Britain Constitution is made up of three laws exceptA Statute law B Land law C Common law D Co

51、nventions99. The Constitutional monarchy has been established in Britain sinceA the Glorious Revolution of 1688 B the Christ MovementC the Wars of the Roses D the Hundred Years War100. The real source of power in Parliament isA the House of Lords B the House of CommonsC the Cabinet D the King of Que

52、enII. Give an one-sentence answer to each of the following questions.1. Who is the ancestor of the English?2. When did England begin to be Christianized?3. What was signed by King John in 1215?4. What marked the beginning of the Tudor Dynasty?5. What is the Lloyd's?6. What does the Cabinet consi

53、st of?7. What is the jury's job?8. What festival is the greatest in Britain?9. Which sport is regarded as typically English?10. Who established completely the feudal system in England?11. What is the largest lake in Britain?12. Who created the Witan, the basis of the Privy council?13. When was t

54、he Great Charter signed by King John?14. Where were oil and natural gas found in Britain?15. What are the two major Parties in Britain?16. When did the constitutional monarchy begin in Britain?17. Which types of criminal Procedure has in Scotland?18. What is the largest single employer of labor in U

55、. K?19. At what age do men and women generally retire?21. What is the longest river in Britain?22. What is the highest mountain in Britain?23. What were the first known settlers of Britain?24. What were the Vikings?25. What was the transitional Period between the Middle Ages and Modern times?26. Wha

56、t was the Puritanism?27. What were the two events which most alarmed the Britain ruling classes in the closing decades of the 18th century?28. What were the three period of the evolution of the British economy since the WW?29. What is the main function of the House of Lords?30. What agency is the mo

57、st important news agency in Britain?31. What are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain?32. What is the official name of the U. K.?33. When did the peasant uprising happen in the U. K?34. What is the English Civil War also called?35. Which two groups were the Chartists divided into

58、?36. What was Keynesianism?37. Who are the members of the House of Lords?38. What are the common features of all systems of law in Britain?39. What is the most important established church in Britain?40. Where is the home of golf?41. Which part of Britain is always fighting?42. What type of climate does Britain has?43. Who was the