1、Unit 3 Out of StepKey to the ExercisesText comprehensionI.Decide which of the fol lowing best states the author1s purpose of v/r iting.A(The aut hor br i ngs the attent ion of Americans to the fac t t hat t hey walk too littie by citing many of hispersona I exper i ences as v/e I I as ot hers* He do

2、es not wr i te out any solution to the problem； he simplysounds the sirenz，as the last sentence of the passage shows： And if that isnt sad.I don*t know what is.)Judge, according to the t ext, whe ther the fol lowing stat emen ts are t rue orfa Ise.1 T (Refer to Paragraph 1 The author and h i s wi fe

3、 wan ted to Iive i n a sma I L compact, and sedate town wherethey can go about their business on foot when they moved back tot he Uni ted S tates As a resu It, t hey se ttIed down in Hanover, a typical New E ng I and town.)2.T (Refer to Paragraph 6. Though it was convenient to go about one* s busine

4、ss on foot in the town, the authorcould hard Iy f ind anyone else who did so. His acqua intances in the early days would depart reluctantly. evenguiltily” when failing to persuade the author to accept a ride as if they escaped the seene of an accident withoutgiving thei r names )3.F (PeopIe like the

5、 man who drove his car to do the chores and the woman who comp Ianed about the difficultyof parking outside the gymnas i um make a clear distinet ion between exercise and walking for bus iness TheyMjogextravagant d i stances or v/alk on the treadmiI I. but they never take walking on the s idewalk as

6、 a form ofexercise )4.T (Refer to Paragraphs 18 and 19. The pedestrian ma I I constructed in the ear Iy 1970s in Laconia proved tobe a commercial disaster simply because people had to wa I k one whole block to the ma I I from the nearest parkingplace When the shopping ma I I was reconstrueted so tha

7、t people could park thei r cars immediately before the stores,downtown Laconia thrived again That suggests how re Iiant Amer icans are on thei r cars )III.Answer the fol low ing questions 1.Refer to Paragraphs 3 to 6 - They find it odd to see the author walking around for his business and they evenf

8、ee I si ightIy guilty for leaving the author on the sidewalk without driving him to the place he is going to.2.Refer to Paragraphs 2, 3 and 7. Ordinary Americans, even in this agreeable and easy place to go about on foot,have vi rtually never done so. In fact, in the , people have got accustomed to

9、using the car for everything 3.Refer to Paragraphs 7 to 9. The Amer ican people have come to depend on cars for almos t every thing to theextent that t hey have forg otten abo ut wha t t hey can do with thei r legs - Sometimes, they would take great andridiculous trouble with driving rather than tak

10、e an easy walk -4.Refer to Paragraph 14. According to an editorial in The Boston Globe, the has spent less than one percentof its transport吐ion budget on faci I ities for pedestri ans. The government, in this sense, has basically ignoredthe need for pedestri ans, which has caused some trouble for th

11、e author and discouraged people from going about onthei r business on foot.5.Refer to Paragraphs 16 and 17. He is sad because he has come to realize, from the case of Laconia. ,that people don* t walk anywhere anymore in the country IV.Explain in your own words the fol lowing sentences 1 PeopIe in t

12、he United States tend to dr ive for every purpose, so much so that they have forgotten that theystill have legs and about what thei r legs can do.2.I admit that I had never realized how poorly equipped our bodies are in this respect 3. Maybe I was the only person who had ever attempted to cross that

13、 intersection on foot.Structural analysis of the textThe author develops his ideas by means of examples He cites factual and ver if iable examples： the man he observedoutside the post office, his conversation with an acquaintance of his who would drive to the gym to do exercises,his own effort to wa

14、 I k across the st ree t and the commerc i a I fai I ure of the pedes tr i an m al I in Lac oni a. These examples have made hi s idea more effective and convincing，Rhetori cal features of the text1.I confess it had not occurred to me how thoughtless ly deficient nature i s i n the regard (Paragraph

15、13)(for seIf-debasement)2.An acquain tance of ours was comp I a i n i ng the ot her day abo ut the d iff icu Ity of finding a placeto park out side the local gymnasiu m. She goes t here severa I ti mesa v/eek to v/a Ik on a treadmi II. The gymnasiurn is, at most,a six-minute wa Ik from her front doo

16、r (Paragraph 10) (for sat i re on some r idiculous contradict ion in a particular act)Vocabulary exercises1 pIeasant/comfortabIe. practical Iy2.very long, (places of) physical exercises3.was made to realize this4.decided not to have coffee and instead to go (to the bookstore)5.he Id in mind%I I. Fi

17、I I in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in its appropr iate form -1.going about2.going through3.pops out4. pace off5.pul led up6.dug out7.strolI up to8. habituated to1.negot iated2.debonai r3.dodgi ng4.not i pact6.contortion7.thr ive8.undertaking1.Expl ain the under lined pa

18、rt in each sentence inyour own words III.Fiin the blanks with the appropr iate forms of the given words.1. disagreeable3. acquainted5. tr i umphal7. woeful Iy2.eccentr icity4.ridicule6,deficiencies& contortedIV.Fi I I in the blank in each sentence with an appropr iate phrasal verb orve a synonym

19、or an antonym of the word under I ined in each sentence in the sense it is used Gi1 Antonym： bus11i ng (exci t i ng)col I ocation takenfrom the text.2.Synonym： old (time-honored)3.Antonym： depressed (downhearted. Iow-spi r ited)4.Synonym： absurd (ridiculous)5 - Antonym： indifferent (unconcerned)6.Sy

20、nonym： infuriating (i rr itating)7.Antonym： failure (defeat)8.Synonym：againVI.Explain theunderIi ned phrasal verbs i n your own words.encountered2.cause3.agreed to4.Iimited to5.id ling about6.re I i ed on7.toleraGrammarteexercises8.deserted/abandonedI.Comp I e te the sen ten ces with the past perfec

21、t orbrackets 1.hadbeen talking2.hadbeen working3.hadworked4.hadbeen applying5.hadbroken6.hadbeen standing7.hadswal Iowed&hadbeenII.Comp Iete the following sentences according to1.hasbeen empty9hadbeen working for the company3.hadbeen waiting for me for half an hour4.hadhad lunch5.hadleft&has

22、been living7.hadrepa i red the engine8.hadtoldthe pas t perfect progressive ofthe given situationthe verbs in1.wil I2.sha I I3.Should (Should ministers decide二If ministers should decide)4.wou I d5.wi I I (Wi 11 expresses strong intention -)6.sha I I (When shal I is used with the thi rd person, it su

23、ggests strong determination.)7.shou I d& should9.would (Here, we use would not to say that Mary i s unwi I I ing to or refuses to I i sten to thedoctor.)10.would (St ressed v/ou I d i s used to crit icize. It mea ns it is typica I of you-* )V. Fil I in each blank with a word or phrase taken from

24、 the box 1 nowadays2.ages ago3.I ately, just4.soon, after a long time5.i mmed i ate Iy, Eventual Iy6.once7.recen tly8.for weeksVI Make sentences of your ov/n after the sentences given be Iow, keeping the i taIi c i zed parts in your sentences.1 After standing in the queue for hours, we got good seat

25、s I always feel better after talking to you.2. You look as if you knew each other had seenreturneddidn* t havedidn* t havehad donewasdidn*thave didlefthadwasdecidedpicked wentsi ammedfelthad remindedhad searchedfoundrememberedwereIV. Comp Iete the fol lowing sentences with shal I.should, wi I I or w

26、ould111 -Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense.He lay still, as if shot Translation exercisesI.Translate the fol lov/ing sentences into Chinese -1.我?guī)缀趺刻於疾叫械洁]局、圖書館或書店，心情特別不錯的時候，路過羅斯杰可斯咖啡店還會 進去喝上一杯卡布奇諾。2.為了省力不走路，我們寧可大費周折。3.我肯定，他天天長跑，會打壁球，還會進行各種各樣有益健康的運動，但我同樣也肯定，他去健 身時每次都是開車去的。4.當時我真是覺得又好氣又好

27、笑，但后來我意識到，可能也就只有我一個人想要步行通過那個十字 路口。II.Trans late the fol lowing sentences into English, using the v/ords given in brackets.1 The uni vers i ty is one of the most venerab I e instituti ons of higher I ear ning i n the world 2.I f one i s def i c i ent i n pract i ca I exper i ence, he can hard I y mak

28、e h i mse I f a success with onlywhat he has acqu i red in cl ass 3.I felt exasperated by constant interruptions, for I had to finish writing the monograph by the end of thisweek 4.He feels that it is ludicrous to wr ite on a contemporary theme in an ancient style.5.The Bund i n Shangha i was a p I

29、ace where young coup I es I i ked to come to coo i n the 70s and the 80s ofthe last century.6.His daughter is very sed吐e for a gi r I of about ten, for she I ikes reading more than playing.7.The coup I e stro I I ed hand- i n-hand a I ong the coun try road when the sun in it s f i rs t splendor stee

30、pedthe earth.8.The poet was commonly cons i dered as an eccentr ic romantic genius when a I i ve -III.Trans I ate the fol lowing passage into Chinese -大約三年前，我和我妻子對大城市的嘈雜生活感到厭倦，因此，決定在一個小鎮(zhèn)落戶，那里安靜 宜人。現(xiàn)在我們的生活很好，因為這地方方便，辦點事步行去就行。我經常四處走走，心情好的吋候， 在咖啡店歇一下，喝杯飲料，或在洲際戲院停住腳步,看一場戲。但是，有些人似乎不理解我的怪僻行 為。我喜歡盡可能地多走路，這

31、是大部分人所不能理解的，因為他們太過于依賴車子了。有時，幾乎到 了荒唐滑稽的程度，即便只是10分鐘步行的路程，他們仍然喜歡駕車。有時，我在獨自散步，他們會 問我是否需要搭車。但我認為，車子使腿 腳功能退化。在這個社會里，多數(shù)派占據主導地位。我意識 到，我或許是唯一主張短距離步行的人.這也就是我不時地遇到麻煩的原因。比如：許多商店把門前清 理出來，只容顧客停車，店家尖心的只是商業(yè)成功。Exercises for integratod skillsI Dietat ion scr iptRece nt ly in the Uni ted Stat est/ t here has been a deba te con cer ning old dr i vers / There have beena