1、英語(yǔ)單項(xiàng)知識(shí)的講解與練習(xí)（79）391. act的用法act法令、條例、表演、扮演（角色）、行動(dòng)。例句：1It is an act of kindness to help a blind man across the street.幫助盲人 過(guò)街是慈善的行為。2Thisact had to get a strong support from them.這個(gè)行動(dòng)必須得至U他 們的大力支持。3Thi nk well before youact.要三思而后行。4Joh ns bee nact ing very stra ngely latel y近來(lái)約翰的行為怪得很。短語(yǔ)：act for代理；act

2、 on對(duì)有效、 聽(tīng)從；act as if某人的舉止就 好像似的（虛擬）；act as充當(dāng)、擔(dān)任；act up to實(shí)行、按照；act out表演；actdead裝死；act against違反；act without thinking輕率行事；act up topromise履行諾言；act up to ones reputation做符合某人聲望 的 事 ；actwith extreme caution極 其 謹(jǐn) 慎 地行 事 ；act under compulsion被迫去做；act on wrong views按錯(cuò)誤的觀點(diǎn)辦事；act out of kindn ess行動(dòng)出于善行；用法：

3、act的基本意思是“行動(dòng)”，指人或事物對(duì)所期待的行為、作 用或?qū)ν鈦?lái)影響作出反應(yīng)的方式等。act用作不及物動(dòng)詞，常用于詢(xún)問(wèn) 行動(dòng)具體性質(zhì)的疑問(wèn)句中和帶有狀語(yǔ)性修飾語(yǔ)或形容詞補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的陳 述句中。2act可用作系動(dòng)詞，接名詞或形容詞作表語(yǔ)，意思是 裝成”顯得”。3act泛指 演戲”解時(shí)是不及物動(dòng)詞，作 扮演（戲劇或影視中某角色）解時(shí)用作及物動(dòng)詞。用作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)也可以 “戲”作主語(yǔ)。4act是可數(shù)名詞，多用作單數(shù)形式。5actthe hero （裝出英雄氣概），act the child （做出兒童模樣）等表達(dá) 方式里多用the,而不用a；6當(dāng)著重點(diǎn)在那個(gè)人當(dāng)時(shí)的情況時(shí)，act后多使用形容詞，而不

4、是副詞，例如下句中用natural而不用naturally:如：At first he was a little shy inclass, but now he acts more natural.比較：act與action的區(qū)別：act指短暫，簡(jiǎn)單的動(dòng)作，而action指 持續(xù)，復(fù)雜的動(dòng)作。使用actof cruelty,actof kindness,actof madness時(shí) （ 后 都 是接of和 抽 象 名 詞 ） 只 用act,不 用action。cruel act（ion）,foolish act（ion）等，均是 前面用形容詞，更慣于使用action。act比action具體，

5、action比act扌由象，女口in word and act中word與act均是具體的，in speech andaction中，speech與action都 屬由象的；練習(xí)：1we went to Can ada to travel and my cous in_as our guide.A. played B. showed C. acted D. performed2He_Hamlet very well in the play.A. acted B. acted as C. was acted D. was acted as3A trained dog can_a guide to

6、 a bli nd pers on.A. act B. act as C. act out D. act for4I acted_dea n while Mr Smith was ill.A. at B. by C. of D. for392. add的用法add添加、增加。例句：1If you add 4 to 5, you get 9四加五等于九。2If the tea is too strong, add some hot water to it.女口果茶太濃，加點(diǎn)開(kāi)水。3He added some wood to increase the fire.他加了 些木柴，使火旺些。4I kn

7、ow, and I must add that we have a very pleasa nt relati on ship.我知道,而且我還要補(bǔ)充一條:我們的關(guān)系非常愉快。5Would anyone like to add anything to what rve said?有沒(méi)有人要補(bǔ)充 我剛才所說(shuō)的?短語(yǔ)：add in包括在內(nèi)；If you add 3 to 5, you get 8 = 3 added to 5 is/ makes8 = 3 and 5 makes/ make 8 = 3 plus 5 is/ equals 8.三加上五等于 八；Thenhe added that接著

8、他又說(shuō)；add up加起來(lái)；add up to加 起來(lái)總共（不用被動(dòng)式）、所有這一切說(shuō)明、似乎表示、意味著；add on加上、附加；add to/in addition to/ add something to增加、增多、添 加；in number/ in all/altogether總共；add .to把.增添到.用法：add既是普通用語(yǔ)，也是科技用語(yǔ)，主要指運(yùn)用算術(shù)中的加法運(yùn)算求出一系列數(shù)字或數(shù)量之和,廣義則指把一物“加入”或“添加”到另一物中以 “增加”原物的重量、規(guī)模、總量或重要性等。add還可表 示“接著說(shuō) ”還“說(shuō)”。2add用作不及物動(dòng)詞的情況不多。用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)可以是數(shù)字

9、；也可以是有形的東西,如糖、水等;還可以是無(wú)形的東西,如麻煩等。3add用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)的基本用法是add sth to sth或add sth,可以把a(bǔ)ddsth看作是省略了to sth,這主要用在適當(dāng)?shù)纳舷挛闹校貏e是在說(shuō) 話雙方對(duì)tosth都很明確時(shí)。4add意為把加上去”不表達(dá)為增加”而in crease或raise表達(dá)為 增加”女口：They have decided to add20 to his wages. /They havedecided to in crease his wages to100 a mon th.5addto有”增加的意思，如：That will add t

10、o my pleasure.那樣會(huì)增 加我的樂(lè)趣。6add(s) up to有 總合起來(lái)成為”或 意味著”的意思，偶爾可省掉up。 如：Everything you say adds up to justicef爾所說(shuō)的一切，總合起來(lái)就是 正義。練習(xí)：1The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather_ thehelplessness of the crew at sea.A. added to B. resulted from C. turned out D. made up2The visit ing Mini ster

11、 expressed his satisfacti on with the talks,_ thathe had enjoyed his stay here.A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added3His giving up halfway_our difficulty.A. in creased to B. caused to C. added to D. added up4I have n ever heard of the n ames you_the list.A. added B. added up C. added to D. ad

12、ded up to5He had some no tes_ the article.A. added B. added to C. to add D. added up to6Her kindn ess_ her beauty.A. added B. added to C. added up to D. was added to393. ahead的用法ahead在前、向前。例句：1A still better tomorrow lies ahead of you.展現(xiàn)在你們前面的是更加美 好的未來(lái)。2The young man walked at the head of the parade

13、.那年輕人走在游行 隊(duì)伍最前面。3He soon gotahead of the other runners in the race.在賽跑時(shí)，他一 到別人前面去了。4The car behind wants to getahead of us.后面那輛車(chē)想超過(guò)我們。短語(yǔ)：ahead of在.的前面(=in front of);ahead of time提前；goahead前進(jìn)、有進(jìn)展、繼續(xù)于、說(shuō)下去、用吧；be ahead of = better than勝過(guò)、優(yōu)于；get ahead of the others走到別人的前頭、超越、比 .好；get ahead with ones w工作有

14、進(jìn)展、繼續(xù)做某事；a week ahead前一周；be ahead in在某方面領(lǐng)先；ahead of schedule提前；ahead of the curve在前沿；lie ahead of擺在.的面前.；shoot ahead of疾 進(jìn)突然領(lǐng)先；ahead of the game處于贏家的地位(早)；用法 ： 是 副 詞， 不 要把 它 誤認(rèn) 為 是 名 詞 ：正：Theresdangerahead.前面有危險(xiǎn)。誤：There isdangerinat ahead.2主要用作狀語(yǔ)，有時(shí)也用作后置定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)：The road aheadwasfull of sheep.前 面 的 路 上

15、 全 是 羊。Ourteam isaheadbythree runs.我們隊(duì)領(lǐng)先3分。3用于aheadof,注意以下用法：(1)指時(shí)間或空間的“在之前”：Heisalwaysaheadof the age.他總是走在時(shí)代的前面。Aheadofusisariver.我們前面是一條河。表示“比強(qiáng)(高)”(主要用作表語(yǔ))：Hesaheadof me in English.他 的英語(yǔ)比我強(qiáng)。Heistwo classesahead of me.他比我高兩班。(3)用 于aheadof time,意 為 “ 提 前 ” 或 “ 提 早”：Theworkwasdoneaheadoftime.工作提前完成了

16、。Hedidntwant gothereaheadof time.他不想提前去那兒。4用于goahead,注意以下用法：(1)表示同意或允許，意為“說(shuō)吧”、“做吧”：A：May I start?我可以開(kāi)始了嗎? B：Yes,goahead.好，開(kāi)始吧。(2)表示 繼 續(xù) 做某 事 ， 意 為 “ 繼 續(xù) 吧 ” ：Goahead,wearealllistening.繼續(xù)講吧，我們都在聽(tīng)呢!練習(xí)：1Tom was a quick walker and soon got _ the others, so people found ithard to follow him.A. ahead of B

17、. tired of C. along with D. interested in2Due to the bad weather, the building work was already _.A. according to schedule B. behind scheduleC. ahead of schedule D. on schedule3He is good at teaching. He is _ in teaching.A. bad B. good C. ahead D. well4He studies very hard, so he is _ others.A. ahea

18、d of B. better than C. do better D. A and B394. compliment的用法complime nt n.稱(chēng)贊，恭維，致意，問(wèn)候，道賀;vt.稱(chēng)贊，褒揚(yáng)，恭維；例句：1I was embarrassed by their complime nt.對(duì)他們的稱(chēng)贊我感至U很不 安。2I feel greatly flattered at your complime nt.我對(duì)你的稱(chēng)贊感到受寵 若驚。3They paid him a highcomplime nt.他們非常恭維他。4My compliments to your wife.向您的夫人致意。5H

19、e complimented her on her new dress without even looking at it.他 連看都沒(méi)看一眼，就稱(chēng)頌她的新衣服。短語(yǔ)：neat compliment簡(jiǎn)潔的贊詞；sincere compliment由衷的稱(chēng)贊；outof complime nt for出于對(duì)的敬意；complime nt about sbs new hat稱(chēng)贊某人的新帽子；compliment to sb向某人致敬；give/ make/ send on escomplime nt to sb向某人致意；用法：complime nt作動(dòng)詞，其賓語(yǔ)后接介詞on，表示“夸獎(jiǎng)”。如：

20、They compliment him on his courage.練習(xí)：1In spite of setbacks and_, his bus in ess was at last makingmoney.A. compliments B. predictions C. reversals D. complement2Wow! This is a marvelous room! Ive never known youre so artistic.A. Great, I am very art-conscious.B. Dont mention it.C. Thanks for your c

21、ompliments.D. Its fine.3Despite almost universal_ of the vital importanee of women sliteracy,education remains a dream for farmary women in too manycountries of the world.A.identification B.compliment C.confession D.acknowledgement4The bank is offering a_to anyone who can give informationabout the robbery.395. compress的用法compress vt壓縮，摘要敘述;n.（外科）敷布；例句：1Compressthis clay into a small ball把 這塊粘土壓縮成一個(gè)小球。2Click the picture that you want to compress單擊要壓縮的圖片。3Compressthis clay into a small ball.把這塊粘土壓縮成一個(gè)小球4A coldcompresscan alleviate your pain.冷敷能幫你減輕疼痛短語(yǔ)：comp