1、閱讀能力的培養 羅田一中 程林 閱讀能力要求學生能掌握科學的閱讀方法；具有夯實的詞匯和句法基礎；在解題過程中運用正確的閱讀解題技巧；閱讀理解所需時間約為35分鐘。針對擁有40個分值的閱讀部分，做好閱讀理解，是學生英語高考得高分的有效保證。目前學生一直存在的困惑就是怎樣提高閱讀的速度和效率。湖北高考英語試題中閱讀理解的走向卻越來越注重學生能力的考察，短文語言地道，句子較長較難，這要求考生要有充分的獲取，處理，分析和解決問題的能力。2013年與2012年閱讀理解基本數據統計年份總詞量短文詞量試題詞量讀速要求中文加注20132535187266372.4720122279179848165.17以下

2、內容來自學情調查：我在做英語閱讀方面存在很大問題，每次考試做閱讀理解都耗費我相當多的時間，而且還做不完。最后一篇基本上泛泛一看，憑感覺選擇。做題老錯，找不到一點成就感。即使大體意思懂了，但仍有很多句子不明白其含義，我只能根據問題在文中找原詞原句，可很少有原詞原句的答案選項。這位理科學生英語成績是中上等水平，平時考試總分在500分左右。在學生調查以及平時試題訓練中所體現出的問題主要有以下三個方面：1)完成閱讀耗時過長。2）在閱讀過程中，總會遇到很難理解的長句子，影響對選項的選擇。3）在短文中已經找到相關細節的語句說明，選項卻出現偏差。針對以上問題，要求學生必須了解并運用相關解題技巧。一 先看題干

3、。帶著問題快速通讀全文，做到有的放矢。其中要擅長抓主題句。A Why do peope drink too much,eat too much,somke cigarettes or take drugs? Whats to blame for all the bad bebavior? Most piople would say that, while these self-destructive acts can have many root causes, they all have one obvious thing in common: they are all examples o

4、f failures of self-control,lacking the will power to resist them. According to a recent study, however, if you really think about it ,something abut that simple answer doesnt quite make sense. In fact, it turns out that some times its having will power that really gets you into trouble. . Self-cotro

5、l is siply a tool to be put to some use, helpful or harmful. To live happy and productive lives, we need to develop not only our self-control, but also the wisdo to make good decisions about when and where to apply it.配套設置的問題：51. What do most people think causes bad behavior? A. Being forced by othe

6、rs.(無中生有) B. Not haing enough will power. C. Enjoying their first experience. D. Following the examples of their friends.(C D擴縮范圍-與下文內容相比)52. The author mentions his experience in the third paragrap to prove_? A. will power helps develop bad habits sometimes. B. dringking beer is harmful to the heal

7、th of teenagers. C. self-control should be developed when one is young. D. everyone can be challenged by different temptations53. In the last paragraph, the author implys that_? A. without self-control, no one can succeed B. bad habits dont always lead to bad results C. applying self-control correct

8、ly is important D. people can develop wisdom form bad behavior54.What would be the best title for the passage? A. My First Sip of Beer(概括不夠) B. Do You Have Will Power?(無關內容) C. Will Power Benefits us(背離主旨和內容) D. Dark Side of Self-control 在處理這篇短文，學生只要理解了前面兩段中的主旨大意和下劃線的主題句，然后再深層次遞進理解最后一段的主旨，這篇短文基本就可以輕

9、松應對。二 猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。通過構詞，語法，定義，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。忽略文章中所涉及的與解題信息無關的長而復雜的人名，地名及其它專有名詞。尤其是科普文中出現的無關專業術語。以此充分保證答題時間。B He wrote that the the “human mind is capable of excitement without the application of gross and violent stimulants(刺激物)”. And it appears that simply reading those wors by Willian Wordsworth p

10、rove his point.The research also found poetry, in particular, increased activity in the right hemisphere of the brain, an area concerned with “autobiogrphical memory”, which help the reader to reflect on and reevaluate their own experiences in light of what they had read.gross 與violent以and連接，詞義偏向貶義。

11、(句法)Willian Wordsworth根據上下文內容，文段圍繞的poetry, the classics不難推斷為詩人。Hemisphere以of與brain連接，作為brain的一部分。(句法)autobiographiical memory 行業釋義：自傳式記憶對線索詞的反應不能產生特殊的記憶，替代的是簡約化和全面方式的回憶事件，這種傾向往往與負性生活經歷相伴發，與問題解決不良有關，在面臨困境時，不能成功地提取特殊和有用的記憶。只需閱讀過程中明白是一種記憶方式就可以。re+evaluate 構詞法確定為：再評估三 針對不同題型，做出正確應對。1）細節題型：仔細閱讀相關細節，稍加歸納，

12、辨清干擾項中的擴縮范圍，偷梁換柱，正誤并存的情況。 在例文A中，細節理解51題。根據末句可找出正確答案。2）主旨大意題型：避免概括不夠，過度概括，以事實或細節代替抽象具體的大意。 在例文A中，52,54題是分別針對段落和全文主旨進行考察。要找出相關信息句，并結合主要內容進行選擇。3）推理判斷題型：去除文章直敘內容，正確答案一定要在文中找出依據和理由，不可脫離原文主觀臆斷。 此類題型在尋找答案是首先排除文段中所出現的原詞原句。主觀選擇要求對文段有更深層次的理解。對末句進行語境和句法的充分正確的理解才能保證作出正確選擇。4）詞義猜測題：利用構詞法，利用語境及邏輯關系。There are many

13、reasons that goals go unfulfilled.2. You Dont Start OK, so you have a goal. What have you done about it? Have you started it yet? What are you waiting for? Porcreastination is responsible for the failure of many goals.57. Whats the probable meaning of the underlined word “procrastination” in the second tip? A delay B. punctuality C. impatience. D. reluctance第一句是這篇文段的主題句。本文內容是說明導致既定目標失敗的各種原因。第二點中的說明主要針對not star。根據語境，前文出現的關鍵信息詞: have you done? Have you started? Are you waiting? 都在暗示沒有實現目標是因為還沒做，還沒開始，還在等。也就意味著是耽擱，延誤。其它選項分別為：守時，規矩；不耐煩；勉強，不愿意。四 養成良好的默讀習慣。克服指讀，回視，重讀等不良習慣。五 在平時的閱讀訓練過程中