1、1 .只能接動名詞，而不能接不定式作賓語：口訣：建議避免冒險；介意錯過訓(xùn)練；厭惡推遲完成；承認(rèn)逃脫抵抗；考慮保持忍受；想象寬恕欣賞。suggest, avoid, risk, mind, miss, practise, dislike, delay, finish, admit, escape, resist, consider, keep, stand, imagine, forgive, enjoy2 .只能接不定式，而不能接動名詞作賓語：口訣：打算將來負(fù)擔(dān)起一切，就得嘗試失敗，拒絕假裝努力。要學(xué)會選擇，決心設(shè)法完成計劃。父母會同意提供幫助，要承諾達(dá)到他們的期望要求。want, inten

2、d, mean, afford, attempt, fail, refuse, pretend, try, learn, choose, decide, determine, manage, plan, agree, offer, help, promise, hope, wish, expect, ask3 .既可接動名詞也可接不定式作賓語，意義不同：口訣：go on表繼續(xù)，接 doing同一事，接to do換一個； regret,forget , remember,接 doing 表做過，跟 to do 要去做； mean doing 意味著， mean to do 打算做；try doi

3、ng 試著彳try to do 設(shè)法做4 .既可接動名詞也可接不定式作賓語，意義相同：口訣：need, want, require,還有一個deserve,接不定式用被動，接 doing主動就能表被動；Worth后接doing,也用主動表被動，worthy則不同，改用被動用被動。need, require, want, deserve + doing / to be done（需要做）be worth doing, be worthy of being done, be worthy to be done （值得做）5 .接動名詞作賓語，接不定式作賓補：口訣：禁止、建議和允許，接doing作賓

4、語，接to do作補語。forbid / advise / allow / permit doing sth; forbid / advise / allow / permit sb. to do sth.（禁止，建議 允許某人做某事）6 .接賓語從句，從句使用虛擬語氣：1） . 在動詞 order/ demand / insist/ command / advise / suggest / request / require 等詞后的賓語從句中，謂語動詞用 （should） +動詞原形，使用虛擬語氣?？谠E：每詞有特點，賓語從句中，（should） +動詞原形會出現(xiàn)。insist, sugge

5、st謹(jǐn)慎用，還要把詞義細(xì)分辨。insist （堅持要某人做某事用虛擬；堅持說 、堅持認(rèn)為，則不用）,demand, desire, require, request, order, propose, command , ask （要求）,advise, prefer,suggest健議用虛擬，暗示，表明則不用 ）。2） .動詞wish后接的賓語從句一律使用虛擬語氣：口訣：wish后的從句用虛擬，三種情況要梳理。主句時態(tài)不用管，從句時間是關(guān)鍵。與現(xiàn)在事實不符，用過去；與過去事實不符，用過去完成；與將來事實不符，用would, could等接動詞原形就可以。7 .動詞本身主動形式表達(dá)被動含義：有些

6、動詞如open, close, sell, wash, burn, write等用來陳述主語的內(nèi)在性質(zhì)時，要用主動形式表達(dá)被動含義。主語一般為事物，且常與狀語連用。口訣：干柴廢紙易燃燒；商店學(xué)校關(guān)又開；機(jī)器運轉(zhuǎn)很正常；布料耐洗筆流暢；書報貨物很暢銷；房間廚房好打掃；飯菜做得格外香。burn, close, open, run, wash, write, sell, clean, taste, cook、搭配角度總結(jié)詞匯:1 .搭配活躍的名詞：Timeahead of time 提前 at a time 一次 at all times 一直，經(jīng)常 at one time 曾經(jīng) at times

7、有時候 behind time 晚點，不及時 behind the times 落伍 in no time 立刻，馬上 in time 及時，遲早 for a time 一度 for the first time 第一次 from time to time 有時，時常 for the time being 暫時 on time 準(zhǔn)時way：all the way 一路上，自始自終 by the way by way of 經(jīng)由，經(jīng)過 in the / one's way擋道，妨礙 in a way 在某種程度上 on one's way to去的途中 in any way無論如

8、何，在任何，f#況下 in no way決不 in one's own way 自行其事，隨心所欲in this waycase:in any case in case in case of in no case in that case in this case in the case of 關(guān)于，就 一 來說 hand:at hand 在手邊 hand in hand in hand 控制住 on hand 手頭有一 by hand on one hand on the other hand2 .搭配活躍的動詞:bring:bring about產(chǎn)生，導(dǎo)致 bring along

9、帶來 bring back使回想起 bring out使顯現(xiàn)出 bring in引進(jìn)，賺得 bring up教育，嘔吐 bring on引起，導(dǎo)致，生長 bring down使降落bring off使成功，圓滿完成break:break down 垮掉，出故障 break in 闖入，插嘴 break into 闖入 break out 爆發(fā)，發(fā)生 break through 突破 break up打碎，終止 break off 打斷，中斷 break away from 脫離call:call at拜訪（某地） call back召回，回電話 call for去接，需要 call in邀請，

10、召請 call off取消 call on / upon 拜訪某人 call up打電話 call out召喚出動carry:carry off 奪走 carry on 續(xù) carry out 履行 carry through 完成，使度過難關(guān)come:come about 發(fā)生 come across 偶然遇至Ucome back 回來，憶起 come on 進(jìn)行 come out 出版,開花 come to oneself 蘇醒 come up with 提出, 想出, 趕上hold:hold back隱瞞，阻止，抑制 hold off使遠(yuǎn)離 hold on不掛斷hold out伸出，支持

11、，維持 hold up舉起，使停滯get:get across 越過，被理解get away with 逃脫 get back 回來 get off 從。 下來 get on / along with進(jìn)展，相處get out出來get through穿過，完成，接通 get to 抵達(dá)get over 克服 get upgive:give away贈送，泄露 give back歸還 give in to屈服 give up放棄 give off發(fā)出，散發(fā)give out分發(fā)，筋疲力盡give way崩潰go:go after 追求 go ahead 先行，請吧 go back 回去 go do

12、wn 下來 go in for 愛好 go off with 離開，逃走 go on go out of 從。出來 go through 通過，完成 go over 復(fù)習(xí) go without 沒有。也行 go up上升，上漲 keep:keep away from 遠(yuǎn)離keep back 阻止，抑制 keep in touch with 保持聯(lián)系 keep on繼續(xù) keep out of 使避開 keep up with 趕上 keep off 遠(yuǎn)離look:look after look back 回顧 look down on / upon 輕視，看不起 look for look f

13、orward to 期盼 look into 調(diào)查 look out for 小心 look through 瀏覽 look up 查找，仰視 look up to 尊敬 make:make for 走向，促成 make out 弄清，理解 make up make senseput:put aside儲蓄 put away 儲存，收拾 put down放下，鎮(zhèn)壓，寫下 put forward 提出 put off推遲 put on 上映 put out 伸出，熄滅 put through 完成，接通 put up put up with 忍受run:run after 追趕 run away

14、 from / away 逃跑 run into 撞上，偶遇 run out of 用盡 run over 碾過，軋過 run through跑過，貫穿set:set about開始set aside放一邊，留出，不顧 set back推遲 set down記下 set off出發(fā)，引爆set out 動身，著手 set up創(chuàng)立，樹立take:take away帶走 take back取回 take down取下 take in吸收，欺騙 take off脫下，起飛，事業(yè) 成功 take on承擔(dān)，呈現(xiàn)出 take out取出 take over接管 take up 占（時間，空間），從事

15、turn:turn on 打開 turn off 關(guān)上 turn up 放大音量，出現(xiàn) turn down 放下音量，拒絕 turn in 上交 turn against 反對 turn out 結(jié)果是，證明是 turn away 避開 turn over 翻轉(zhuǎn) turn to 翻至L 求助于，轉(zhuǎn)向3 .搭配活躍的介詞、副詞：at:at heart 內(nèi)心里，本質(zhì)上 at will 隨意，任意 at the sight of 一見 at present 目前 at a distance 隔一 段距離at a loss not at all不知所措 at any cost不惜切代價 at seac

16、ome at 向。襲擊 run at 沖向，向。攻擊 stare at glance at knock at 敲門 smile at aim at 向。瞄準(zhǔn) shout at look at glare at laugh at point at shoot at call atbeyong:beyong repair 無法修理beyong belief 不可相信 beyong understanding 無法理解beyong control 無法控制 beyong doubt 毫無疑問beyong imagination 難以想象beyong description 難以描述down:burn

17、 down 燒毀 cut down 消減，砍伐 pass down 傳下來 calm down 平靜下來 settle down 安家 tear down拆毀，拆除 slow down 慢下來 lie down躺下 die down平息，消失from:come from 來自 date from 追溯 die from 死于 escape from 逃出 hear from 收到來信learn from 向。學(xué)習(xí) result from 起因于 choose from 選自 separate from 分離開來suffer from忍受 be absent from 缺席 be diferen

18、t from 與眾不同be far from 遠(yuǎn)離，遠(yuǎn)非for:run for 競選 ask for 要求得至Ulong for 渴望 care for 關(guān)心，喜歡 search for 查找apply for 申請 stand for 代表 hunt for 尋找 charge for 收費，要價 answer for 對。負(fù)責(zé) fight for為。而戰(zhàn) prepare for為。準(zhǔn)備 reach for伸手去拿 pay for花錢買be anxious for 急于做 be eager for 渴望 be bad for 有害于 be good for 有禾U于be famous for

19、be fit for 適合于 be grateful for對。 心存感激 be late for be ready for be sorry forbe responsible for be suitable for be useful for for fear 以免 for fun 為了樂趣 for pleasure for sale 供出售 in: in spite of instead of in nature 本質(zhì)上 in return 作為回報 in turn 輪流，轉(zhuǎn)而，反過來in fact in search of in other words in a word in bri

20、ef in memory of in exchange for 交換 in terms of 就。而論 in place of in short in doubt 懷疑 in favour of 支持 in honour of in face of in need of in store 保存著，準(zhǔn)備著result in join in fill in cut in 插入 drop in 拜訪 succeed inon:live on look on 旁觀 depend on wait on 侍候 insist on impress on 留下ER象 move on 繼續(xù)移動，往前走 rely

21、 on try on 試穿on duty 值班 on foot 步行 on fire 著火 on show 展覽 on strike 罷工 on purpose 故意 on watch 監(jiān)視，觀察 on the contrary 相反 on earth 究竟，至U底o(hù)n sale on business 因公，出差out:out of sight 看不見 out of reach 夠不著 out of order 出故障 out of place 不適當(dāng) out of controlpoint out 指出 pick out 選出查出leave out省略，刪掉burst out 迸發(fā) fig

22、ure out 算出, try out 算出，解決 let out泄露弄明白work outcross out 戈 U 掉find outturn out 結(jié)果是 make outoff:cut off 切斷撞落 pay offtear off 撕開還清 ring offsee off 送行 shut off 關(guān)掉，關(guān)上 show off 炫耀 knock off 把。掛斷電話 fall off跌落，掉下take off go off 離開leave off 停止，中斷to:belong to refer to keep to堅持，忠于see to處理，料理agree to 同意 add to

23、reply to 答復(fù) object to 反對 point to stick / hold / write to lead to attend to 處理 contribute to捐助， 貢獻(xiàn)， 為。 撰稿 get down to devote oneself to be familiar to drink to 為。 干杯dance toup:grow up build up do up stay up sit up use up cut up end up speed up clear up burn up hurry up pick upwith:agree with begin w

24、ith continue with 繼續(xù) do with 應(yīng)付 deal with 對付， 處理 fight with mix with meet with play with 玩耍 quarrel with equip with 用。 裝備be angry with be busy with be crowded with 擁擠著 be connected with 與。 聯(lián)系be covered with be content with對。 滿意 be disappointed with be engaged with 忙碌于be filled with be familiar with

25、熟悉 be popular with be patient with be pleased with be satisfied with be strict with 對。嚴(yán)格三、辨析角度復(fù)習(xí)詞匯:1.以構(gòu)成形式為突破口進(jìn)行辨析:1) .差一冠詞，意義不同：in charge of 負(fù)責(zé)in possession of 占有by sea 乘船out of question 沒問題 at table 在吃飯in the charge of 由。負(fù)責(zé)in the possession of 由。所占有by the sea 在海邊out of the question不可能at the table

26、在桌邊2) .有無介詞，意義不同:answeranswer for 對。,償還search search forleavereachreach for 伸手去拿 enterenter for報名參力口runstandstand forpaypay for付錢買某物leave for離開去某地 run forprepare prepare fpr3) .詞序顛倒，意義不同:before longlong beforemuch tootoo muchturn inin turnhand inin hand在手邊work hardhard workfrom far來自遠(yuǎn)方 far from離得遠(yuǎn)，遠(yuǎn)

27、非if onlyonly if4) .是分是和，意義不同:so as toso-as tosometimesome timealtogetherall togethernoneno onesometimes everyday everyonesome times every day every one5).差一字母，用法/、同：alonelonelyawait vt.等候 waitasleepacrosssleep prep.alike likecross v.橫越 adj.arise產(chǎn)生，發(fā)生， 父義的，易怒的出現(xiàn)risealoudloud2.以詞匯意義為突破口進(jìn)行辨析:1) .意義內(nèi)涵不同

28、：【destroy , damage , ruinThe boy ruined the beautiful picture with ink on purpose.（ 不可彳復(fù) ）His hope of being a singer was destroyed.（不可彳復(fù)）The heavy rain damaged a lot of houses. （可修復(fù)）【quiet , silent , stillBe quiet and get on with your work.安靜的，寂靜的。表自然環(huán)境，表生性安靜，不易激動。You must learn when to speak and wh

29、en to keep silent 表沉默的。 表示不說話，不弄出聲音。The air is so still that the smoke is rising straight up from the fire. 安靜的， 不動的。 指人表面無動作?！緊ccur , happen , take placeIt was unfortunate that this accident should happen / occur.偶然發(fā)生，碰巧。常指不好的事情。It occurred to him that he should go to see a dentist. 與 happen 可互換。oc

30、cur to sb. / sth. 思想出現(xiàn)在意識中。The official opening of the store will take place next week.指必然會發(fā)生的事情，無被動。還有舉行活動?！綼rgue , debate , quarrel The new couple are always quarrelling about so little family income.指因憤怒而爭吵。The workers _argue_for the right for a public holiday.通過提出理由進(jìn)行論證。First, let me introduce t

31、o everyone both sides of today 's debate. 指正式的辯論。fit , match , suitThis coat doesn't suit you.多指顏色、款式、質(zhì)地等適合，合乎需要、口味、性格、條件和地位等。This coat doesn't fit you.多指大小、尺寸、形狀合適、合身。This tie doesn't match this coat. 多指大小、形狀、顏色、性質(zhì)等方面的搭配?！緈atter , affair , business I could do nothing to help you sin

32、ce the matter has gotten into such a mess.側(cè)重麻煩或異常的事情、 毛病。Before going away, he arranged his business affairs. 一般為較重大的事件，也可泛指事務(wù)，要用復(fù)數(shù)。Tom is the black sheep of his family. He has almost ruined his father 's business. 生意，行業(yè)，事情，事務(wù)【normal , common , ordinary , usual , regular As is known to all, snow

33、 is common in cold countries.常見的, 般的。common sense / knowledgeAre you returning home at the usual time today? 通常， 往常， 貫如此。 as usualTom Sawyer was an ordinary American boy who kept getting into trouble. 普通的, 平常的, 平凡的。A new regular bus service to Tianjin Airport started to operate two months ago.有規(guī)律的,

34、定期的, 經(jīng)常的。My life was delighted that things had returned to normal once again.正常的, 智力， 精神正常的?！緊pposite , contrary His house is opposite to mine. 指位置、方向、地位、意義等對立的、相反的。 be opposite to在。對面。 This is something quite contrary to my expectations. 主張、 看法行為等相反的， 含有互相沖突， 不致?！緍ealize , recognize , know He didn&

35、#39;t realize his mistake until his mother told him. 認(rèn)識至 L 意識至 L 實現(xiàn)，完成。It's hard for me to recognize his voice on the phone. 認(rèn)出，辨認(rèn)，承認(rèn)。為短暫性動詞， 不接時間段作狀語。 We have known each other for many years.知道，了解，熟悉，認(rèn)識。可接時間段作狀語?！緎cene , scenery , sight , view The sceneafterthe earthquake was horrible.指展現(xiàn)在眼前的情景

36、，也可指scenery的一部分。含景物中的人。He had a chance to see the historical sights of London.指場景、眼前看到的景觀。可指名勝、風(fēng)景。用復(fù)數(shù)。 Hangzhou is world-famous for its beautiful scenery.指某地總的自然風(fēng)景或景色，尤指美麗的鄉(xiāng)間景色。 There is a fine view of the mountain from our hotel.指從遠(yuǎn)處或高處看至U部分景色。【separate , divide Please separate the good apples from

37、 the bad ones. 把聚合在一起的事物、東西分開，常與 from 連用。 Please divide the apple into two parts.把一個整體分成若干部分，常與 into連用?！緎truggle , fight The soldiers fought bravely in the battle. 打仗，戰(zhàn)斗，主要指肉體上的對抗。常指打架。On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen.掙扎， 斗爭。 指肉體和精神 上的搏斗。暗指在艱難處

38、境中奮力掙扎?！綽road , wide She lost her heart to the soldier with the broad shoulder and the deep voice.指某物覆蓋面的范圍，肩、背、胸。His reading covers a wjde_ range of subjects. 著重指邊沿間相隔的距離以及廣泛之意?！綾ause , reason , excuse of搭配。強調(diào)事實。I don't know the cause and effect.起因，原因，指引起某種結(jié)果的必然原因。常與There are many reasons for a

39、nimals dying out. 理由，原因，用于解釋已發(fā)生事情的理由，借口。常與 for 連用。強調(diào)邏輯推理，理由不一定真實。I haven't done the work well; my excuseisthat I have been ill. 指免受指責(zé)或推卸責(zé)任而找的理由、原因，即借口。常與for連用?！綼dvantage , benefit , profit It is to your advantage to invest wisely.好處或禾U益，所獲之物。Young people get great benefit from reading.指各方面的受益。Th

40、eir investment has brought them a lot of profit. 多指金錢方面的利益、禾U潤?！綽ravery , courage He showed great bravery in saving the drowing child. 勇敢，指處于某種緊迫情況下大膽無畏的行動勇氣。Although blinded by the explosing, he faced the future withcourage.勇氣，勇敢，指使人面對危險、困難、痛苦等而不感到懼怕的精神力量。【character , characteristic , quality , per

41、sonality He has a changeable character.品質(zhì)，性格特色，特征，個人、集體或范疇的區(qū)別特征或?qū)傩浴hat characteristics distinguish the Americans from the Canadians? 指與眾不同的特征。Modesty is one of his good qualites.品質(zhì)，指個體的特點，尤指好的品質(zhì)。His personality left a deep impression on us. 個性，指個人聚集的品質(zhì)、行為、脾氣、情緒和精神的性格?！綾ircumstance , surrounding , e

42、nvironment , occasion In normal circumstances I would have resigned immediately. 環(huán)境，情形，形勢，多用復(fù)數(shù)。He didn't pay much attention to his surroundings. surrounding 只能做形容詞。surroundings 為周圍的事物,指一個人四周的生活環(huán)境。Children need a happy home environment.環(huán)境，一般用單數(shù)，強調(diào)環(huán)境對人的感受，道德的影響。He seized the occasion to invited he

43、r home for dinner. 時機(jī)，機(jī)會?！綾ost , price , charge , expense Living costsare higher in cities than in the country.耗費，成本。包括對某事所付出的一切費用、時間、勞力。It must be done at any price.價格。指商品出售時所定的價格。還有代價。How much is the charge for this coffee? 零花錢或給予服務(wù)后索要的費用。His parents decided to cut down his expensesat college. 多用復(fù)

44、數(shù)， 指大量的花費、 支出。 如求學(xué)、 旅游。【energy , force , power , strength Young people usually have more energy than the old. 指人在活動中表現(xiàn)出的生機(jī)勃勃的“力" He had to use force to get the lid off the can. 指為克服阻力而運用或發(fā)揮出來的"力量” 。 You can really feel the power of the sun here. 含義最廣，包括一切抽象和具體的力。He hasn't got enough st

45、rength to get out of bed. 指人或物體內(nèi)在的耐力、抵抗力、氣力?！緃eart , mind He married the girl of his heart. 側(cè)重情感之心。We expect there to be more students with good mind.側(cè)重理智之心。【especially , specially , particularly 意義相仿，?？赏ㄓ?。The Great Wall had been added to, rebuilt and repaired, especially during the Ming Dynasty. 尤其

46、 These books are specially written for beginners.指為某特另U 目 的而做。He was particularly / especially interested in the stories about kings.Rice grows well in their county, especially in their village.2) .動作結(jié)果不同：advise persuade / look for find / look see / listen hear / try manage / treat cure3) .動作狀態(tài)不同：be

47、gin be on catch fire be on fire4) .主觀客觀不同：receive accept5) .直接間接不同： hear hear of know know of learn learn of6) .有無一ly的副詞不同：無一ly的副詞表具體意義，有一ly的副詞表抽象意義。wide widely deep deeply high highly low lowly close closely有無一ly的副詞，意思不同：Near nearly hard hardly most mostly dear dearly late lately bad badly【buy , co

48、st , pay , spend , take buy:指購買。常見搭配：buy sb. sth.; buy sth. for sb. / sth.cost:指花錢、時間、勞力等。.Sth. cost sb sth.pay:指花錢.常見搭配： Sb. pay money for sth.spend:指花錢、時間等。常見搭配：Sb. spend - in doing sth. / on sth.take:主要指花時間。常見結(jié)構(gòu)：It takes / took sb. some time to do sth.【offer , supply , provide Josie offered him 5

49、00 dollars to do the work.Our farm supplies the market with fruits and vegetables.The school provided books for the children.【be known as , be known for , be known to , be known in be known as +名詞表示一個人的身份、職業(yè)等。"作為。而著名”be known for +名詞表示某人或某物的特點、特長。"因。而著名”be known to +表示人的詞語?！睘?。所了解、知道”be kno

50、wn in + 表地點的詞語。四、拼寫角度對比詞匯：1 .容易漏寫字母的詞：1) .易漏寫不發(fā)音字母的詞：Christmas cupboard handkerchief handsome exhibitionwhisperneighbor fasten doubtsandwichWednesday climbcomb2) .易漏寫雙字母的詞：necessaryquarrel permissionexcellent interrupt satellite address pressure committeepersonally command carriage arrest mirror bal

51、loon pillow pattern announce cattle cigarettefunnypassengerrubbishsuddenly3) .易漏寫元音字母的詞：familiarofficialtemperature before interestbargain century anxious convenientexercise experiencematerialmountainrestaurant forehead soldier4) .易漏寫輔音字母的詞：government autumnchimney butcherbridge February knowledgelawyer2 .容易多字母的詞：ninth forty against August similar habit altogether Thursday college forbid library proud3 .容易混淆的詞：1) .詞形相似易混淆的詞：peasant農(nóng)民 / present禮物、現(xiàn)在 parents 父母broad寬的 / board 木板 / abroad 在國外difficult 困難的 / different 不同的； attract 吸引 / attack 襲擊explode爆炸 / exploit 開采，開發(fā) ； familiar熟悉的 / simi