1、現(xiàn)在分詞(V-ing)作狀語(yǔ)A動(dòng)詞-ing形式在句子中做狀語(yǔ)，表示的動(dòng)作是主 語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的一部分，與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)是同 時(shí)或者幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生的。B句子的主語(yǔ)必須是狀語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ)；而且主語(yǔ)與 作狀語(yǔ)的分詞之間呈邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。1 原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于原因狀語(yǔ)從句。1) . Being ill, she didn? t go to school toda y.因?yàn)樯?，她今天沒(méi)上學(xué)去。2) . Seeing no one at home, I decided to come agai n.看見(jiàn)沒(méi)有人在家，我決定再來(lái)一趟。2. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于when, wh訂e等引導(dǎo)的從句。1) . Heari

2、ng the good news, he jumped with joy. 當(dāng)聽(tīng)到這個(gè)好消息時(shí)，他高興地跳了起來(lái)。2) . Walking in the street, I saw a friend of mine.當(dāng)我走在街上時(shí)，我看到了我的朋友。如果分詞短語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí) 發(fā)生，常在分詞短語(yǔ)前加上when或whileo3) Be careful when crossing the street過(guò)街時(shí)小心。3. 伴隨狀語(yǔ)，與謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。1) . He sat at the table reading China Daily.他坐在桌子旁看中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)。2) .Tal

3、king and smiling, they went into the roo m.他們又說(shuō)又笑地走進(jìn)房間。4. 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。1). The mot her died, leaving a lot of money for her children.母親去世了，給她的孩子留下了一大筆錢。5. 條件狀語(yǔ)。Turning right, you will find the place you want.往右轉(zhuǎn)彎，你就會(huì)找到你要找的地方了。III. 現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，它的邏輯主語(yǔ)一般須 與句子的主語(yǔ)一致。作狀語(yǔ)的分詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從 句。1). Seeing from the top of the

4、 hill, we can see our beautiful school從山頂望下去，我們就能看到我們美麗的學(xué)校。但有時(shí)它也可以有自己獨(dú)立的邏輯主語(yǔ)，獨(dú)立主語(yǔ) 二邏輯主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞表示伴隨，時(shí)間、原因，條 件。2)Many people being absent, they decided to put the meeting off由于許多人都缺席了，他們決定取消這次會(huì)議。IV. 現(xiàn)在分詞的否定形式。現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式:not+ v. ing完成式的否定式:not+ having doneNot having heard from her son for a long time, the

5、mother worried a great dea1.由于很久沒(méi)有收到兒子的來(lái)信，這位母親很擔(dān)心。V. 現(xiàn)在分詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。1) .分詞一般式表示的動(dòng)作和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的 動(dòng)作一般同時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)，則用分詞的一般式形式。He walked on the street, seeing back from time to time.他走在街上，不時(shí)地向身后看看2) .如果分詞所表示的動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生，則 用分詞的完成式形式。Having finished his work, Henry went home完成了他的工作后，亨利回家了。語(yǔ)法聚焦預(yù)習(xí)自測(cè)1. her telephone num

6、ber, I couldn' tring her up.由于不知道她的,我無(wú)法打給她。2. , we will go there onfoot.天氣好的話，我們將步行去那里。3. , I met Mary.上學(xué)時(shí)我遇見(jiàn)了瑪麗。4. I turn off the light,我把燈關(guān)了，所以什么也看不見(jiàn)。5. , you willsucceed. 努力工作，你就會(huì)成功。6. his letter, Idecided to write to him.沒(méi)收到他的來(lái)信，我決 定給他寫信。7 The building(build) now is ournew library8. (give) s

7、uch agood chance, how could you let it slip away?9 He stood, (lean) against thewall.10. The song is sung all over the country, (make) it the most popular song答案：1. Not knowing2. Weather permitting3> While going to the school nothing4.seeing5. Working hard 6being builtNot receiving1.8. Having been

8、 given making9. leaning10.II.學(xué)以致用一.詞匯運(yùn)用L It rainedthesouth,heavily inserious floodingin several provinces. (2010 )A. causedB. having caused C.causing D to cause2at my classmates1 faces,I read the same excitement in their eyes(2010 )A. LookingB LookC TolookD. Looked3. The :retired man donated most of

9、 his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake inYushu ,the students to return to their classroomse (2010 )A.enablingBhavingenabledC. to enableD to have enabled4 The lady walked around the shops, aneye out for bargains（2010 ）A keepB keptCkeepingD to keep5 Lots of rescue workers were working ar

10、ound the clock,suppliesto Yushu, Qinghai province after the earthquake （2010 ）A. sendingB tosendC having sentD to have sent6. He had a wonderful childhood, withhis mother to all corners of the world（2010 ）A. travel B totrave 1CtraveledD traveling7. Dina, for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency. (2010 )A. struggling struggledC. having struggled8. The lawyer attention , point. (2010 )De to strugglelistened with fullto miss anyA not tryingnotC. to try notB tryingD