1、精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載學問點大全8b unit4 a good readcomic strip welcome to the unit1. have you decided what to do with these books. 你已經打算怎樣處理這些書了嗎？do with 意思為：“應付,處理” ,相當于及物動詞,在特殊疑問句中,do with與 what 搭配使用；例： what do you do with this problem.你怎樣處理這個問題？拓展： deal with 也意為“應付,處理”,用于特殊疑問句中,與how 搭配使用；例： i don t know h

2、ow to deal with the problem. 我不知道怎樣處理這個問題；2. i have to use them to reach the box on the fridge.我得用它們來夠冰箱上的書；1） use sth. to do sth.意思為：“用某物來做某事” , 也可用為 use sth. for doing sth. ；被動語態為： sth. be used to do sth.例： we use computers to play games.= computers are used to play games. 我們用電腦玩嬉戲；2） reach 為及物動詞,

3、意為“夠到,到達”精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載i m too short to reach the apple on the tree我.太矮了,夠不著樹上的蘋果；精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載3. they improve my knowledge of the past.它們提高我對過去的熟悉；knowledge 為名詞,意為“學問,認知,學問”,后可接 of 的短語作定語或that 從句作同位 語,表示關于某方面的學問或對某人或某事的明白或懂得,此時 knowledge 前須加定冠詞the；例： he is poor in money、 but rich

4、 in knowledge.他貧于金錢,但富于學問；she has a rich knowledge of chinese history.她對中國的歷史明白很深；4. what do you like to do in your spare time.你閑暇時間喜愛干什么？spare 為形容詞,意為“閑暇的,余外的”例： how do you spend your spare time.你怎樣度過你的空余時間？拓展： spare 也可作為動詞,意思為：為留出,勻出例： please spare some time for your hobbies. 請為你的愛好留出一點時間；reading1

5、. after our ship crashed against the rocks、 i swam as far as i could.在我們的船觸礁以后,我盡可能遠地向前游；1) against 為介詞,意思為：靠著.頂著.迎著.襯著,例： the teacher s desk is against the wall.老師的辦公桌靠墻放著；the red flag looks very bright against the blue sky.紅旗在藍天的襯托下顯得非常明艷；2) as far as 意為：與一樣遠.始終到,在否定句中也可寫為so far as、例： we walked as

6、 far as the river. 我們始終走到河邊；拓展： as far as 也可表示為“就而言,從來看,盡所能”例： well help you as far as it is possible. 我們會盡可能幫忙你；2. by the time i finally felt the land under my feet、 i was tired out.我能感覺到陸地在我的腳下,我已經精疲力竭了；be tired out意思為：疲憊,精疲力竭例：those players were tired out after the fierce match.那些隊員在那場猛烈的競賽之后感到精疲

7、力竭了；拓展： be tired of對.感到厭倦 ; be tired with因.而疲憊例：i am tired of living aboard.我厭煩了國外的生活；精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載學問點大全he was tired with climbing that steep hill.我爬那座陡山爬累了.3. it moved up over my stomach and neck until it was standing near my face.它在我肚子和脖子上移動直到它站在離我臉很近的地方；until意思為“直到” ,表示某一種動作始終連續到某一時間；用在

8、確定句中,句子的謂語動詞必需用連續性動詞；notuntil 意為“直到才”,表示直到某一時間,某一動作才發生,之前該動作并沒有發生；用在否定句中,主句中的謂語動詞通常為短暫性動詞；例： i studied english until 9 oclock last n昨igh晚t.我學英語直到九點鐘；（表示九點前始終在學）i didn t leave until 9 o clock我la昨s晚t n直igh到t.九點鐘才離開；（表示九點才離開）4. he was the same size as my little finger. 他和我的小手指一樣大；the same as 意思為“與 一樣 ”

9、,這里 as 為連詞；例： my dress is the same color as yours. 我的長裙和你的顏色一樣；拓展： the same as 意思為“與 一樣” 例：this answer must be a crib: it's exactly the same as jones's.這個答案可能為抄襲來的,跟瓊斯的答案一模一樣；5. however、 they soon got up again and continued moving across my body.但為,他們很快又起身,并連續在我身上移動；continue意思為“連續” ,指動作或狀態的連

10、續或連續不中斷；可以表示一件事始終在做,中間沒有停留； 也可以表示中間有一個中斷,接著又做下去,可作及物動詞,也可作不及物動詞；后可以加名詞.動名詞.不定式或that 從句；例： she looked up for a moment、 then continued drawing.她抬頭看了一下,然后連續畫畫；6. i did not know what to say either. i tried to pull one hand free and finally managed to break the ropes.我也不知道說什么；我盡量空出一只手并且最終設法弄斷了繩子；1) eithe

11、r 為副詞,用于否定句中作“也”說明,通常置于句末；either 仍可以用來強調否定含義的短語；例： i don t like the red shirt and i dont like the gree我n 不eit喜he歡r.這件紅色襯衫我也不喜愛這件綠色的；as for me、 i shall not return there either.假如為我,我也不會回到那兒去；拓展： either 用作代詞,意為“（兩者之中）任一.任何一個”,在句中作主語時謂語動詞用單數,用作定語時,只能修飾單數名詞；例： either of the books is popular with the stu

12、dents.兩本書中任何一本都受到同學的歡迎；2) manage 意為“設法完成,治理”,名詞為management例： how did you manage to get their approval.你怎樣得到他們同意的？under strict management、 his business gained ground.在嚴格的治理下、他的生意有了起色.grammar1. 疑問詞 +不定式（ to do）疑問詞有疑問代詞who、 whom、 what、 which、 whose和疑問副詞when、 where、 how、 why ；此外,連接詞 whether 也適用；“疑問詞 +不定

13、式”結構有以下五種功能：當主語,如：when to hold the meeting has not yet been decided. 何時開會仍沒有定下來；where to live is a problem.住哪里為個問題；當賓語,如：精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載學問點大全we must know what to say at a meeting.我們必需知道在會上說些什么；he could not tell whom to trust.他無法辨論該信任誰；當表語,如：the problem is where to find the financial aid.問題為到

14、哪找到財政救濟；當名詞同位語,如：tom had no idea which book to read first.湯姆不知道先讀哪本書；當賓語補足語,如：jim is not sure whose to choose.吉姆不確定挑選誰的；mary and john are not certain whether to get married or not.瑪麗和約翰不確定為否要結婚；適用于 “疑問詞 +不定式動詞 ”的動詞包括：know、 see、 decide、 tell、 ask、 consider、 discover、 explain、 forget、 guess、 hear、 ima

15、gine、 inquire、 learn、 remember、 think、 wonder、 understand 等；有點值得特殊留意的為：當這結構當賓語時,它的作用等于名詞分句,例如：i could not decide which dictionary to buy.= i could not decide which dictionary i should buy.我不能打算買哪本字典；jack did not know where to find such a good teacher.= jack did not know where he could find such a go

16、od teacher. 杰克不知道到哪能找到這樣一個好老師；有些動詞,如ask、 show、 tell、 advise、 inform、 teach 等,可以先有個賓語,然后才接著加上適當的 “疑問詞 +不定式動詞 ”結構；例如：have you told him where to get the application form.你告知他哪里領申請表了嗎？2. must 和 have to 的用法；區分 1：must 多表示主觀需要或責任感的促使有必要或有義務去做某事,多譯為“必需 ”,而 have to 多表示客觀存在的環境所限,即客觀要求無奈 而為之,多譯為“不得不干某事”；例： i m

17、ust clean the room because it is too dirty. （無人強迫）由于太臟了,我必需要打掃房間；we must be there on time.（責任感的促使）我們肯定準時到達；i have to do my homework now. （不得不做）我現在不得不做作業；i have to leave school because my family is poor now.由于家里窮了,我不得不退學；區分 2： must 沒有時態的變化,而have to 有時態的變化；例：daming was hurt. the doctor said he had to

18、stay in hospital for about two weeks. his father has to go to take care of him.大明受傷了；醫生說他大致得住院兩周,他的父親得去照料他；精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載we don t have to go to school on sundays星.期天我們不必上學；精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載區分 3： must 的否定為mustn,t多表示 “禁令 ”；例： no. you mu stn t turn left. you must turn right into the stra

19、nd.不！你不能向左轉！你應當向右轉進入到strand 中；由 must 引起的疑問句, 確定回答要用must 或 have to,否定回答要用neednt或 dont have t,o意思為 “不必 ”；此用法在中考中的單項題中簡單顯現！例： 1） must i finish my homework before eight ocloycke.s、you must.我必需要在8 點之前完成作業嗎？為的,必需；精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載學問點大全2） must i attend the meeting. no、 you needn t/ don t have to. you

20、 can ask tom to go instead.我必需要參與這次會議嗎？不；你不必；你可以讓湯姆替你去；integrated skills & study skills1. all the british publishing houses refused to publish it. 全部的英國出版社都拒絕出版；refuse 為動詞,及物動詞或不及物動詞,意思為 “拒絕, 回絕”；一般形式為refuse+to do sth.或 refuse sth. sb.例： we asked him to come、 but he refused. 我們叫他來 、 可為他拒絕了；he re

21、fused to change his mind.他拒絕轉變想法；she refused their invitation.她拒絕了他們的邀請；2. so far 到目前為止,至今如強調 so far 所描述的謂語動作始終連續到現在,謂語動詞用現在完成時；例： so far there has been no bad news. 到現在為止仍沒有什么壞消息；so far 50 people have died in the fighting.到目前為止,已有50 人在戰役中喪生；如不強調so far 所描述的謂語動作始終連續到現在,就只為側重描述一種客觀現象,就可用一般現在時（謂語動詞通常為某

22、些狀態動詞）；如：so far、 it is only talk.至今仍只為空談；this is likely to be the biggest conference so far.這很可能為迄今為止規模最大的一次會議；3. how many books can i borrow at a time.一次我能借多少本書？at a time 意思為“一次,每次” ,常用于“數詞+at a time ”的結構中；例： he checked one person at a time as they came in. 當他們進來時,他一個一個地檢查；拓展： at one time 一般指“過去某一時

23、期,曾一度（once）”或“同時”的意思；例：at one time i used to like her、 but not any more now.我曾一度很喜愛她,可現在不喜愛了；4. for example、 treasure island tells the story of a young boy who sailed the sea to look for hidden treasure. 比如,金銀島講一個小男孩出海查找寶藏的故事；1） look for 意為 “查找 ”,為有目的地找,強調“查找 ”這一動作；如：what are you looking for ？你在找什么？

24、i'm looking for my bike我在找我的自行車；2） find 意為 “找到 ”“發覺 ”,強調 “找”的結果,其賓語往往為某個丟失的東西或人；如：did you find li ming yesterday？你昨天找到李明白嗎？no ,we looked for him everywhere ,but didn't find him 沒有；我們處處找了,但沒有找到他；拓展： find 發覺,發覺例： i didn't find the joke at all amusing.我認為這笑話一點也不行笑；3） find out 著重表示通過懂得.分析.摸索

25、.詢問等“弄清晰 ”“查明 ”一件事情,其后的賓語經常為某個情形.事實；如：please find out when the train leaves 請查一下火車什么時候離站；5. i also want to travel and have exciting experiences in the future.在將來我也想去旅行并且有興奮人心的經受；1) experience 用作名詞,表示“體會 ”“體驗 ”,為 不行數名詞 ；而表示 “經受 ”,通常為可數名詞；如： experience is the best teacher. 體會為最好的老師；i know from experie

26、nce that he will arrive late.據我的體會,他會遲到的；he had many interesting experiences while travelling in africa.他在非洲旅行時, 有許多好玩的精品學習資料精選學習資料 - - - 歡迎下載學問點大全經受；表示做某事的體會,其后接in ofdoing sth. ；如：he has had many years experience in of wheat planting / planting wh他ea有t. 多年種小麥的體會；比較：have experience in of teaching ha

27、ve teaching experience教學體會 2) 用作動詞,表示“體驗 ”“經受 ”等,只用作及物動詞；如：the child had never experienced kindness.這孩子從未受過善待；he experienced great hardships for the first time in his life.他有生以來第一次體驗到龐大的艱苦；3) experienced 為形容詞,意思為“有體會的”；he s quite experienced in teaching beginners.他在教初學者方面很有體會；task self-assessment1. who do you usually ask for advice on books. 通常為誰給你讀書的建議？advice 為不行數名詞,意思為 “建議 ”,可用 some,much,a piece of,pieces of 等修飾,不能說 an advice 或 many/a few advices ,表示 “有關 的建議 ”時,用介詞 on 接名詞.代詞或由疑問詞引導的不定式；例如： let s ask for his advice on what to do next.我們去征求一下他的看法下一步該怎么辦；常見搭配： give advice on 對提出建議take/follow