1、一、形容詞的用法：（-）概念：形容詞修飾名詞，說明事物或人的性質或特征，通常將形容詞 分成性質形容詞和敘述形容詞兩類，其位置不一定都放在名詞 前面。1. 直接說明事物的性質或特征的形容詞是性質形容詞。2. 敘述形容詞只能作表語，所以又稱為表語形容詞，這類形容詞大多數 以a開頭的形容詞都屬于這一類。例女口： afraid, asleep, awake, alone等。（二）形容詞的種類1. 品質形容詞：英語中大量形容詞屬于這一類，他們表示人或物的品質， 如：the pl町was boring.那出戲很枯燥乏味。you have an honest face.你有一張誠實的臉。2. 顏色形容詞有少

2、數表示顏色的形容詞，如：she had on a blue coat.她穿了一件藍色的外套。3. -ing形容詞：有大量現在分詞正在或已經變為形容詞，如: 4-ed形容詞：它們是由它們的過去分詞變過來的，一般有被動意義，多數為品質形容詞，如:she looked tired.5.合成形容詞：warm-hearted熱心的，heart-breaking令人心碎的（三）形容詞的用法和在句中的位置1、形容詞在句中主要可用作：1）定語：what a fine day!2）表語：she looks happy.3）賓語的補語（構成合成賓語人do you think it necessary?你認為這有必

3、要嗎？4）狀語：he arrived home, hungry and tired.他又餓又累的回到家里。2、形容詞在句中的位置：有的形容詞放在被修飾的名詞之前，稱為前置形容 詞；少數形容詞放在被修飾的名詞之后，稱為后置形容詞。2）當形容詞詞組相當于一個定語從句時，或形容詞用來修飾somebody, something, anything, nothing等的時候，便會出現后置形容詞。如：the boy interested in music is my brother.對音樂趕興趣的那個男孩是我弟弟。do you have anything interesting to tell us? 你

4、有什么趣聞告訴我們嗎？三.以ly結尾的形容詞likely, lively,也為副詞，如 daily, weekly, monthly.1）大部分形容詞加ly可構成副詞。但friendly, deadly, lovely, lonely,改錯：（錯）she sang lovely.（錯）he spoke to me very friendly.（對）her singing was lovely.（對）he spoke to me in a very friendly way.ugly,仍為形容詞。2）有些以ly結尾既為形容詞,yearly, early 等。the times is a week

5、ly paper.時代周刊為周刊。the times is published weekly.時代周刊每周發行一期。常用復數。這類詞有:rich / poor; good / bad ; young / old ; healthy / ill; living / dead ; black / white （表示人種等）。例如:the young should take good care of the old.年輕人應該好好照顧老人。the rich never help the poor in this country.在這個國家，富人從來不幫助窮人。二、副詞的用法：（一）概念：用以修飾動詞

6、、形容詞或其他副詞的詞叫做副詞。例如：not（不），here （這里），now （現在）。不少副詞同時也可用作介詞或 其它詞類。如：have you read this book before?（副詞，作時間狀語）你以前讀過這 本書嗎？he will arrive before ten oclock.（介詞，before ten o9clock 是介詞 短語，作時間狀語）他將在10點鐘前到達。（二）副詞的種類1、時間副詞有三類：always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly 等一般位于系動詞、情態動詞和助動詞之后，實之前義動詞1）表

7、示發生時間的副詞:ws beginning to rain now!現在開始下雨了 !2）表示頻繁程度的副詞，也稱頻度副詞always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系動詞、情態動詞和助動詞之后，實之前義動詞:she often changes her mind.她常改變主意。3）還有一些其他表示時間的副詞：he has just had an operation.他剛動過手術。2、地點副詞：1）有不少表示地點的副詞:she is studying abroad.她在國外留學。2）還有一些部分與介詞同形的副詞。它們與介詞

8、同形，跟賓語的是介詞,否則是副詞:用作介詞:stand up!起立!用作副詞：a cat climbed up the tree.貓爬上了 樹。3）以where構成的副詞也是地點副詞：ifs the same everywhere 到處都一樣。3、方式副詞1)英語中有大量方式副詞，說明行為方式（回答how的問題）:2)how beautifully your wife dances.你夫人舞跳的真美。 還有相當多的副詞，表示某些情緒：she smiled gratefully.她感激的笑 了笑。還有一些以jy結尾的副詞，表示動作發生的狀況：he left the townsecretly.他悄

9、然離開了這座城市。3)4、程度副詞和強調副詞1）程度副詞可修飾動詞，表示“到某種程度”：is she badly hurt?她 傷得重嗎？說明這類副詞除修飾動詞外，還可修飾形容詞（a）或另一副詞（b）:a. fairly simple 相當簡單quite correct 完全正確b. wonderfully well 好極了 do it very quickly 干得很快2）much是一個特殊的程度副詞，它可以：修飾比較級you sing much better than me.你比我唱的好多 了。their house is much nicer than ours.他們的房子比我們的好多了

10、。5. 疑問副詞和連接副詞1）疑問副詞：疑問副詞用來引導特殊問句：how: how is your grandmother?你奶奶身體好嗎？where: where does she come from?她是哪兒人？when: when can you come?你什么時候能來？why: why was he so late?他為什么來得這么晚？2）連接副詞：連接副詞意思和詞形都和疑問副詞一樣，但都引導從句或與 不定式連用：how: do you know how to start this machine?你知道這臺機器怎樣啟動嗎？ where: i doitt know where he

11、lives.我不知道他住在哪兒。（引導賓語從句） when: tell me when youul be ready.告訴我你什么時候準備好。（引導賓語 從句）why: that9s why i came round.這就是我來的原因。（引導表語從句）6. 一些其它類型的副詞，如表示方向的副詞：lef s go inside.咱們到里面去。take two steps forward.向前走兩步。副詞的位置1 多數副詞都可以放在它所修飾的動詞后面。如:we are living happily.我們幸福的生活著。he runs slowly他跑的很慢。2. 時間副詞、地點副詞和方式副詞一般放在

12、句末。如:they went to the park yesterday morning.昨天上午他們去公園了。i heard him sing english songs over there. 我聽見他在那邊唱英語歌曲。he drove the jeep carefully 他小心地開著吉普。注意:3. 有時表示時間的副詞也可放在句首，起強調作用。女口：yesterday i got up late.昨天我起床很晩。4. 頻度副詞一般放在be動詞、情態動詞及第一個助動詞之后，實義動詞 之前如i： he is seldom ill. 他很少生病。you must always remembe

13、r this你一定要i己住這一點。i often write to my parents.我經常寫信給父母。do you usually go to school on foot你經常走路去上學？he has never been to beijing.他從來沒有去過北京。注意:有時為了加強語氣，頻度副詞也可放在句首。女口：sometimes she goes to school by bus and sometimes she goes to school by bike.有時她乘公共汽車上學，有時騎自行車去。程度副詞修飾動詞時，與頻度副詞相同，修飾形容詞和副詞時，放在它 所修飾的詞前面。女

14、口：that's quite early.那很早。i nearly missed the bus.我幾乎錯過了公交車。she did rather badly她干得相當糟。四兼有兩種形式的副詞1) close 與 closelyclose意思是"近"； closely意思是"仔細地"。例如：he is sitting close to me.他就坐在我邊上。watch him closely.盯著他。2) late 與 latelylate意思是晚"； lately意思是"最近"。例如：you have come t

15、oo late.你來得太晚了。what have you been doing lately?近來好嗎？3) deep 與 deeplydeep意思是"深",表不空間深度；deeply時常表不感情上的深度，" 深深地”。例如：he pushed the stick deep into the mud他把棍子深深插進泥里。even father was deeply moved by the film.老爸也被電影深深打動 了。4 ) high 與 highlyhigh表示空間高度；highly表示程度，相當于much。例如： the plane was flyin

16、g high.這架飛機飛得很高。i think highly of your opinion.你的看法很有道理。5) wide 與 widelywide表示空間寬度；widely意思是"廣泛地在許多地方"。例如： he opened the door wide.他把門開得大大的。english is widely used in the world.英語在世界范圍內廣泛使用。6) free 與 freelyfree的意思是"免費"； freely的意思是"無限制地"。例如：you can eat free in my restaura

17、nt whenever you like無論什么時候，我這飯 鋪免費對你開放。【基礎練習】 選擇最佳答案()1 these oranges tasted. to be wella. goodb. wellc to be good()2. alicegoes to school at seven.a. usualb. usuallyc. hardd. a little)3. 一 we are going to see a film this evening . why not go with us ?一 i have to do many things this evening i，m, you

18、 see a. free b. glad c. sorry d. busy()4. mum, bill is coming to dinner this evening一ok. let's give him to eat.a. something differentb. different anythingc anything differentd. different something()5.the person is talking with the doctor.a. ill b. sick c. illness d. sickness()6. the day is brigh

19、t and let，s go for a walk a. sunny b. dark c cloudy d. windy()7. look !beautiful that lake is !a. what b. how c. how a d. what a()8. -i won't go to the great wall tomorrow.-一 i won't，a. neither b. either c too d. also()9. he likes to do some reading in the morning, i like it,a. too b. either

20、 c neither d. also()lo.that maths problem isdifficultnobody can work itout.a. too; to b. very; that c so; that d. very; but()11. 一whaf s on the desk?it，s .a. a new green bagb. new green bagc a green new bagd. a bag new green()12. the night was very，so he had to take off his shoesa. quiet; quietly b

21、quite; quickly c late; quick d. quite; quietly()13 heto school to clean his classroom.a. always comes earlyb. comes always earlyc. always early comes)14.1 got uptoday.d. come always earliera. later b. more latelyc. lately d. late3）形容詞。副詞的比較級和最高級的不規則構成法good/wellbetterbestbad/ill/badlyworseworstmany/m

22、uchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest小練習：1. much2 ill3. little4. bad用所給詞的正確形式填空:1. this dress isthat.(twice，as.as，expensive)2. gold(黃金)is(little) useful than iron(鐵).3. my sister is two years(old ) than i.4. johivs parents have four daughters, and s

23、he is the(young) child.5. she will be much(happy) in her new house.6 dick sings (well), she sings (well) than john，but marysings(well) in her class.7. the boy is not so(interesting) as his brother.8. _ people came to the meeting than last time, (many)9. hainan isfrom beijing than hunan, (far)10. the

24、re areboys than girls in our class, (few)2比較級的表示法：主語+be+比較級+than.主語+謂語+比較級+than.1）不同主語的比較， 雙方比較，表示一方超過另一方時，用“比較級十than"的結構表示he is two years younger than i. 表示一方不及另一方時，用"less十原級十than"的結構表示this room is less beautiful than that one2)同一主語不同方面的比較she is now happier than she has ever been用于修飾

25、比較級的詞:even, much，far, a lot，a bit, a little,he works even harder than before.3)在比較從句中為了避免重復，我們通常用that(those), one(ones)代替前面出現的名詞。that指物，one既可指人，也可指物.that可代替可數名詞單 數和不可數名詞，而one只能代替可數名詞例如：the book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk.a box made of iron is stronger than one made of woo

26、d 二，as，little, few，elder等在比較級中的用法。as用于比較級l)o as +形容詞或副詞原級+astom is as tall as mike.2) as +形容詞原形+a+名詞+ashe is as good a student as you3) 倍數+as+形容詞或副詞原級+asthis room is three times as large as that one.提到倍數用法，補充：表示倍數的比較級有如下幾種句型：1) a is three(four, etc) times as big(high, long, wide, etc. ) as b例如:asia

27、is four times as lareg as europe,亞洲是歐洲的四倍大.(亞洲比歐洲大三倍)2) a is three(four, etc)times bigger ( higher, longer, wider, etc)thanb例如：your school is three times bigger than ours,你們的學校比我們的學校大三 倍.用times表示倍數，一般只限于表示包括基數在內三倍或三倍以上的數.表 示兩倍可以用twice或double3. a bit，a little, not a bit，not a little 的用法1) the +比較級+主謂

28、，the+比較級+主謂：越 越the harder he works, the happier he feels.2) 比較級+and+比較級：越來越。the weather is getting colder and colder.4. elder的用法1) 不能單獨用作表語，因為elder不是真正意義上的比較級my sister is older( than me).my sister is elder(than me)2) 描述家庭人員出生的先后she is the older of the two他是姐妹中較大的一個。小練習：1. 本書跟那本書一樣有趣。this book isthat

29、 one.2. 你游泳沒有你弟弟好。you can光 swimyour brother.3. 今天比昨天冷的多。it istodayit was yesterday.4. 他吃的越多，人越胖。the more he eats, thehe gets5他比我大兩歲。he isthan l這個故事不如那個有扌this story isthan that one.7.她的身體狀況一天天好起來。he is gettingevery day.8.他對英語越來越感興趣。he is becomingenglish.二、根據句意填入單詞的正確形式。i my brother is two years(old)

30、than me.2. is your sister(young) than you? yes,she is.3 who is(thin),you or helen? helen is.4. whose pencil-box is(big)yours or hers?hers is.5 ben jumps(high) than some of the boys inhis class6. does nancy sing(well) than helen? yes，she does.7 my eyes are(big) than hers.8 which is(heavy)，the elephan

31、t or the pig?9. who gets up(early),tim or tom?10 do the girls get up(early) than the boys?no,theyii jim runs(slow). but ben runs(slow).選擇。()1. the yellow shoes are than the blue ones.a. expensiveb. expensiverc.more expensive()2. a cow is bigger than a mouse.a. muchb.morec.many()3. who，s the jean joa

32、n or jennet?a.thinnerb. thinestc. thinnest()4. tim isa.funny than jack.c.funnierb. much funny()5. um taller than others in my class.fm a.tallb.tallestc.the tallest()6. who can sing better rose?a.thanb.thenc./()7.1 have books than you have.a.manyb.muchc.more()8. his uncled house is very a.oldb.olderc

33、.oldest()9. my bike is ,but his bike is anew，newb.newnewerc.newnewest()10. please clean your room.ifs now.a.cleanb.dirtyc.tidy【基礎練習】()1 your room isthan mine.a. three time bigb. three times bigc. three times biggerd bigger three times()2 when spring comes, it getsa. warm and warmb. colder and colder

34、c. warmer and warmerd. shorter and shorter()3he read the book，he got in it.a. the more; the more interestingb the less; the more interestingc. the more; the more interestedd. more; more interested()4 i likeone of the two books.a. the older b. oldest c. the oldest d. older()5 which do you like，tea or

35、 coffee?a. well b. better c. best d. most()6 this work isfor me than for you.a. difficult b. most difficult c. much difficult d. more difficult()7 who jumpedof all?a. far b. farther c. farthest d. the most far)8 li lei isstudent in our class.a. tall b. taller c. tallest d. the tallest)9 tom is one o

36、fboys in our classa. tallest b. taller c. the tallest b. the tall)10 english is one ofspoken in the world.a. the important languages b. the most important languagesc. most important language d. the most important language)11. most of the woodsbeen taken good care of.a. are b. is c. has d. have)12 i&

37、#39;m notto lift the heavy box.a. short enough b. enough tall c. health enough d. strong enough)13 which is，li lei or wu tong?a. strong b. strongest c. stronger d. the strongest)14 do you haveto tell us?a. something new b. new something c. anything newd. new anything)15. most of the people in guangd

38、ong are gettinga. more and richb. more rich and more richc. richer and richerd. rich and rich副詞的比較等級:（一）概念：副詞和形容詞一樣，也有原級、比較級和最高級三個等級。其構成方式有規則變化和不規則變化兩種情況。規則變化的一般規律是: 單音節詞的比較級和最高級在詞尾加er或est;多音節詞以及ly結尾 的副詞（early除外），前面加more或most.。不規則的變化式只能采用“各個擊破”的辦法去記憶。1）規則變化原級比較級最高級soonsoonersoonestloudlouderloudestf

39、astfasterfastestwidewiderwidestearlyearlierearliesthappilymore happilymost happilycarefullymore carefullymost carefully2）不規則變化原級比較級最高級wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstlittlelessleastmuchmoremostfarfarther （距離）farthestfurther （程度）furthest（二）副詞的比較級的用法1、單獨使用:try to do better next time.下次爭取干好一點。hell come ba

40、ck sooner or later.他遲早會回來的。please speak more slowly. 請講慢一點。2、和than 一起使用:he swims better than i do.他游泳游得比我好。can you do any better than that?你能不能干的好一些?he arrived earlier than usual.他到的比平時早。3、比較級前可有狀語修飾：you must work much faster.你必須大大加快干活的速度。can you come over a bit more quickly?你能稍稍快點來嗎?4. asas和not soa

41、s結構這兩個結構也可結合副詞使用:1）as.as可用在肯定句中，表示“像一樣”，后面的副詞要用原級：she can run as fast as a deer.她能跑的像鹿一樣快。2）在否定句中,asas和soas都可以用:i doitt go there as much as i used.我現在到那里不象過去那么多toi didift do as（so） well as i should.我做的不如我應做的那么好。3）這種句子中也可以有一個表示程度的狀語：she can read twice as fast as he does.她閱讀的速度比他快一倍。（三）副詞最高級的用法：副詞最高級可

42、修飾動詞，前面多數不帶定冠詞the:he laughs best who laughs last.（諺語）誰笑在最后誰笑的最好。of the four of us, i sang (the) worst.我們四人中我唱的最差。（四）副詞比較級和最高級的一些特殊用法：副詞比較級和最高級還可用在一些特別結構或短語中。1) more and more 越來越:it rained more and more heavily.雨下得越來越大了。she went farther and farther away.她越走越遠了。2) the more.the more 越，越：the more i work, the more i accomplish.我干得越多,完成的就越多。3) had better 最好：.我們最好不要打擾他。we，d better not disturb himwhat had we better do?我們最好怎么辦?訓練題l.your idea sounds much than his.a，interesting b，interested c，more interesting d，more interested2.1n my opinio