2025屆江西省名校學術聯盟高三下學期模擬沖刺英語試題（四）一、閱讀理解（本大題共5小題）WelcomebacktoAxisBankSplash!ItisanannualnationwidecompetitiononArt,CraftandLiterature,toencourageandfostergoodwillamongthechildrenintheagegroupof7-14years.Thisyear,Splashwillfocusonthethemeof“Gratitude”,encouragingyoungparticipantstoreflectonandexpresstheimportanceofappreciationthroughtheircreativity.Webelievethatbyprovidingtheseyoungmindswiththeopportunitytoexpressthemselves,wearehelpingtoshapeabrighterfutureforusall.WelookforwardtoseeingtheamazingcreationsthatcomeoutofSplashandtocontinuingsupportingthecreativityandthepotentialofyoungminds.ThemesChoosethethemessuitingyourself.GroupThemeKids7-10TheGratefulHeartsKids11-14TheUnsungHeroesPrizesThewinnersofthecompetitionwillbeinstructedbyseveraldomainexperts.Thetop3finalistsfromeachcategorywillbeawardedprizes.Inaddition,allwinnerswillgetachancetohavetheirartworksdisplayedattheMuseumofArtandPhotography(MAP).What’smore,thetop400qualifierswillwinexcitinggiftsandelectronicgadgets(小用品)frompartners.Alongsidethecompetition,theBankwillhostengagingsessionsandfun-filledactivitiesfortheparticipantsinschools.RegistrationTheparticipantscanregisterandsubmittheirentrieswww.axisbanksplash.intill30thNovember.Don’tmissthechancetomakeahitwithyourcreativity.Wearewaitingforyourmasterpieces!Markingasignificantmilestone,thelasteditionofthecompetitionwitnessedentriesfromover680thousandparticipantsfromalloverthenation,whichhasincreasedby36%yearonyear.1．WhatisAxisBankSplash?A．Anorganization. B．Aliteratureclub.C．Anationwidecontest. D．Anartmuseum.2．Whatwillthewinnersget?A．Achancetobeexperts. B．Somepreparedprizes.C．AvisittotheMAP. D．Admissiontoschoolsforfree.3．Whatisrequiredtosubmitentries?A．Markinganimportantentry. B．Submittingtheworkbyemail.C．Registeringonthegivenwebsite. D．Lookingthroughthespecificwebsite.In2020,atage14,WilliamCabanissnoticedthatsomeofhisclassmateswereskippingmealsduetofoodinsecurity,andhewantedtodosomething.Tohelphisclassmatesandhiscommunity,hestartedmakingbottlesofhomemadevanillaextract(香草精)anddonated100%ofhisprofitstohislocalfoodbank.“Nooneshouldbehungry,”Williamsaid.“Nooneshouldhavetoworryaboutwheretheirnextmealiscomingfrom.”Williamhadbeenenjoyingbakingasahobby.Oneday,whilebakingapanofcakesandaddingvanilla,herealizedhecouldeasilyproducehisownvanillaextractratherthanpurchasingitatthesupermarket.Thenhetooktheideaastepfurtherbyplanningtosellthevanillaextractanddonateallprofitstothelocalfoodbankwherehevolunteered.Heimmediatelywenttoworkputtinghisnewplanintoaction.Heusedhisownrecipetoproduceasmanybottlesofvanillaextractaspossibleduringhisfreetime.Hethencreatedalogoanddesignedawebsitetostartthebusiness.In2020,Williaminvitedvolunteerstojoinhimonhismissiontofighthungerinhiscommunity.Theextremelypositiveresponseallowedhimtoexpandhisprogramintoanon-profitorganization,VanillaFeedsTomorrow.Thenon-profitprojectcontinuesoperationstoday,andWilliamdonatestheprofittoSecondHarvestFoodBankofEastTennessee.Each$30bottlesoldprovidesapproximately42mealstopeopleinneed,andtheorganizationhasraisedmorethan$200,000todate.“Therewasnoonebetter.TheysupportsomanycountiesacrossEastTennesseeand,withinthosecounties,there’resomanydistributionareasorfoodstorageroomsandcharities,”WilliamsaidofSecondHarvest.“Theirrangeisjusttrulyawe-inspiring.Iwantedeverypennytogoasfarasitcould.”4．Whydidsomestudentsskipmeals?A．Theywantedtoloseweight. B．Theywereparticularaboutfood.C．Theywereworriedaboutfoodsafety. D．Theydoubtedthefood’sflavorandnutrition.5．WhatinspiredWilliamtofighthungerbysellingthevanillaextract?A．Hisbakingprocess. B．Hisshoppingexperience.C．Hisrecipefromhismother. D．Hisexperienceasavolunteer.6．WhichwordcanbestdescribeWilliam?A．Intelligentandbrave. B．Generousandhelpful.C．Carefulanddetermined. D．Ambitiousandpatient.7．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A．ATeenSoldHomemadeVanillaExtracttoMakeMoneyB．ATeenStartedBusinesstoRaiseFundsforLocalFoodBankC．ATeenWorkedHardtoMakeaDifferencetotheCommunityD．ATeenVolunteeredtoHelpThoseWhoSkippedMealsGloballyAnewresearchfindspeoplewhobrag(吹噓)abouttheirstresslevelsareseenaslesscompetentandlesslikablebytheirco-workers.“Thisisabehaviorwe’veallseenandweallmightbeguiltyofatsomepoint,”saysJessicaRodell,leadauthorofthestudyinthejournalPersonnelPsychology.“WhenIwaswonderingaboutwhypeopledothis,Ithoughtmaybewearetalkingaboutourstressbecausewewanttoprovewe’regoodenough.Wefoundoutthatoftenhastheoppositeeffect.”360participantscomparedstatementsfromimaginaryco-workerswhojustreturnedfromaconference.Participantsratedtheirimaginaryco-workeronlikability,competence,andthelikelihoodtheywouldhelptheco-workeratwork.Inthesurvey,thestress-braggingcolleaguedescribedtheconferenceas“justonemorethingonmyfullplate.AndIwasalreadystressedtothemax…youhavenoideathestressthatIamunder.”Participantsratedthatpersonassignificantlylesslikableandlesscompetentthansomeonewhosaidworkhadbeenstressfulorwhojusttalkedabouthowgreattheconferencewas.Participantsalsosaidtheywouldbelesslikelytohelpthecomplainingco-workersiftheywereoverburdenedatwork.Theresearchersalsofoundemployeeswithco-workerswhobragaboutstressoftenreportedhigherlevelsofpersonalstressandburnout.“Braggingaboutstresscreatestheperceptionthathighstresslevelsareanexpectedandnormalpartoftheworkculture,”Rodellsays.“Whensomebodyisconstantlytalkingaboutandbraggingabouttheirstress,itmakesstressseemlikeagoodthing,”Rodelladds.“Itjustspillsoverontotheco-workersnexttothem.Theywindupfeelingmorestressed,whichleadstohigherburnoutorwithdrawalfromtheirwork.”“It’snotthebeingstressedpartthat’saproblem,”shesays.“Ifyoureallyfeelstressed,it’sOKtofindtherightpersontosharewithandtalkaboutit.Butbemindfulthatstressisnotanhonortobebraggedabout—thatwillhavetheoppositeeffect.”8．WhatdoesJessicaRodellmeanbysayingtheunderlinedsentence?A．Braggingaboutstresslevelsiscommon.B．Onlyafewpeoplebragabouttheirstresslevels.C．Manypeopleliketobragabouttheiraccomplishments.D．Researchersfeelguiltyabouttalkingaboutstresswithothers.9．WhymightpeopletalkabouttheirstresslevelsaccordingtoJessicaRodell?A．Tomakefriendsatwork. B．Toseekhelpfromothers.C．Toshowtheyareverybusy. D．Toprovetheyarecompetent.10．Whatdidtheparticipantscompareinthesurvey?A．Differentmethodsofstressmanagement.B．Theirownstresslevelswiththoseoftheirco-workers.C．Theproductivitylevelsbeforeandaftertheconference.D．Statementsfromimaginaryco-workersattendingtheconference.11．Howdoesone’sconstantstressbraggingaffecthisorherco-workers?A．Itmotivatesthemtoworkharder. B．Itletsthemfeelmorestressed.C．Itmakesthemfeellesscompetent. D．Itencouragesthemtoseekpromotions.Strugglingtofitworkoutsintoyourbusyweek?You’renotalone.Newresearchsuggeststhat“weekendwarriors(勇士)”whopackatleast150minutesofexerciseintooneortwodaysenjoysimilarhealthbenefitstothosewhospreadworkoutsthroughouttheweek.Anotherrecentstudyfoundthatbeingaweekendwarriorreducedtheriskofcognitiveconditionssuchasdementia,Parkinson’sdisease,stroke,anddepressivedisorders.Livingasedentary(久坐不動的)lifestyleraisesaperson’sriskofarangeofailments,includingcardiovasculardisease,Type-2diabetes,stroke,cancer,depression,andanxiety.AbouthalfofallAmericanshavechronicdiseasesthatcouldbepreventedwiththehelpofregularphysicalactivity,accordingtotheU.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServices.Thenearly90,000peoplewhosedatatheresearchersanalyzedinthenewstudyweredividedintothreecategories:regularexerciser,weekendwarrior,andtheinactive.Comparedtothosewhodidn’texercise,regularexercisersandweekendwarriorshadalowerriskofmorethan260diseasesoversixyears.TheprotectivebenefitsforType-2diabeteswerehighest,with43percentlowerriskfortheweekendwarriorand46percentlowerriskfortheregularexerciser,respectively.“Notimetoexercise?Just5minutesstillhasabigimpact.Theresearchaddstoearlierstudiesthatshowthatanyamountofphysicalactivitycountsandallowspeoplesomeflexibility,”saysSaraK.Rosenkranz,anexercisephysiologistandassociateprofessorofkinesiologyandnutritionsciencesattheUniversityofNevadaLasVegas.“Ifyou’renotregularlygettingmoderate-to-vigorous(中度到劇烈的)physicalactivitythroughouttheweekbuthavetimetodoitontheweekend,youcandosomethingyouenjoy,likeabikerideorahike,”shesays.“Thethingtokeepinmindisthatitdoesn’ttakemuch.Evenifit’sjustafewminutesofmoderate-to-vigorousphysicalactivityhereorthere,you’regoingtogetabenefit.Workingoutevenoneortwodaysaweekalsolowertheriskofmooddisorders,whichisanothermajorbenefit,”addsRosenkranz.12．Whatdoesthenewstudytellus?A．Weekendworkoutsarealsobeneficialtous.B．Mostpeoplechoosetoexerciseonweekends.C．Weekendwarriorsarehealthierthanregularexercisers.D．Fewpeoplecankeepworkingoutdailyandconsistently.13．Whichcanprobablyreplacetheunderlinedword“ailments”inparagraph3?A．Injuries. B．Consequences. C．Emotions. D．Illnesses.14．Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A．Theresultoftheresearch. B．Theprocessoftheresearch.C．ThehealthstatusofAmericans. D．Thedataoftheresearchobjects.15．WhatdoesRosenkranzprobablyagreewith?A．Thetimeofexercisingmattersalot. B．Wehadbetterexerciseeveryweekday.C．Aslongasweexercise,itcountsalot. D．Takingexercisedoesn’ttakemuchenergy.Buildingasharedgratitudepracticecanhaveaprofoundimpactonaschool’scultureandtheemotionalhealthandbelongingofstudentsandstaff.Here’swhattodo.16Schoolleadershipcanstartbyanalyzingwhatalreadyguidestheschoolandcomeupwithalist.Youcanfinalizethelistwithstaff,orevenincludestudentsintheprocess.Besuretoincludebehaviorsoutsideofacademicorgoodbehavior—notjusteffortorhelpingothers.Forexample,patienceisanon-academicbehaviorthatnonethelesssupportsacademicsuccessandrelationships.17Talkaboutvaluedbehaviorswithstudents.Inthisprocess,ithelpstodefinewhatthesetofexpectedbehaviorslooksandsoundslikeinstudent-accessiblelanguagewithstudentsthemselves.18Forexample,SunsetBeachElementarySchoolchoseresponsibilityastheirgoalinJanuary.Thestafffirstspendafewminutesatastaffmeetingdefiningwhatthetermlooksandsoundslikebeforefacilitatingthesameactivitywithstudents.19Namingthingspeoplewouldsayordothatthegroupbelievesqualifyasresponsibilityandnotsomethingelseishard.Theeffort,however,buildsamoreprecise,inclusive,andsharedunderstandingofwhatcountsandwhatdoesnot.Co-definingtermswithstudentsusingexamplesandlanguagetheycanunderstandandfindculturallyrelevantandinclusiveincreasesstudentbuy-in,access,andopportunitytofeelvaluedbythecommunity.20Therefore,youhaveaworkingsetofcriteriaforeveryonetocalibrate(校準)aroundastheypracticethankingothersforthespecificbehaviorwhentheyseeandhearit.Rememberasimple“thankyou”cancreatethetypeofschoolclimatewhereeveryonecanthrive.A．Soarecourageandcaring.B．Choosebehaviorstoappreciate.C．Buildaschoolwidegratitudepractice.D．Thiscanbesurprisinglydifficulttodo.E．Believeitornot,it’snoteasytobealeaderofaschool.F．Schoolsoftenstartwithasinglebehaviorasthethemeforamonth.G．Stickthegroupdefinitionofresponsibilityonthewallforthemonth.二、完形填空（本大題共1小題）ManyyearsagowhenIhadaradioprogram,oneofmylistenerscalledmea“scavenger(拾荒者)”.Itwasn’tmeanttobea(n)21.Infact,Itookitasagreat22towhatIdid.Shewentontosay,“Youscavengethroughlifetofindthingsthataresoimportantyet23bymostpeople.”I24itbysayingthatsometimesthemostimportantthingsareso25thattheybecomethebackgroundofourlives.Likewatchingamovie,Ioftenlistentothemain26butwatchthepeopleintheback—the“extras(群眾演員)”,astheyarecalled.That’swheretheproblem27.Wetakepeople,places,momentsforgrantedandseethemas“extras”.AlmostliketheshowAmericanPickers.Thetwomaincharactersscavengeforthingsthat,bythemselvesaresignificant,but28inpilesofdebris(廢墟).Nevertakeanythingoranyoneforgranted.Iunderstoodthis29lastyear,whenI30somethingthathappenedeverydayduringthesummer.Atdusk,thesun31behindourhomeandforjustafewminutes,thesunlight32thetrees.Itookthatpicturewithmyphone.Itmadeforanicepicturebutmuchmorethanthat.Itisa33thatIhadlived,thatIhadmadeitthroughanotherdayanditismore34thangold.Everysunsetis35.Everysunriseisaproofthatlifehasgivenyouanotherchance.21．A．compliment B．joke C．offense D．surprise22．A．criticism B．praise C．challenge D．responsibility23．A．appreciated B．noticed C．valued D．overlooked24．A．confirmed B．clarified C．doubted D．rejected25．A．obvious B．complicated C．impressive D．mysterious26．A．plots B．scenes C．themes D．characters27．A．slips B．begins C．continues D．ends28．A．buried B．exposed C．displayed D．preserved29．A．knowledge B．word C．truth D．problem30．A．denied B．forgot C．imagined D．discovered31．A．set B．passed C．glowed D．stopped32．A．tookin B．cutoff C．brokethrough D．fedon33．A．mark B．memory C．symbol D．reminder34．A．popular B．heavy C．valuable D．natural35．A．critical B．different C．similar D．ordinary三、語法填空（本大題共1小題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Itisnosecretthatgoingonatripisfun.Butwhatifitcouldalsomakeyoulookandfeelyounger?Anewstudysaysthattravelcouldbethebest36(defend)againstageing.Thetravelbugcouldbeonehobbythatishealthy.Theresearcherssaidtourismtypicallyexposespeopletonewsurroundingsand37(relax)activities,makingusmoreyouthfulaswegetolder.FangliHu,theleadauthoroftheresearch,said:“Tourismisnotonlyaboutleisureandrecreation,butalso38(contribute)topeople’sphysicalandmentalhealth.”Ms.Huadded:“Ageing,as39process,isirreversible(不可逆的).Whileitcan’tbestopped,itcanbesloweddown.”Theresearchers40(look)athowtravellingmightaffecthowweage.Theysuggestedthatgoingonvacations,backpackingandsightseeingcanlowerstress.Travellingcanalsoboostourmetabolism(新陳代謝),41strengthensourimmunesystem.Travellingcouldalsoassistwithrepairingbodytissue,42(help)toslowdownthesignsofageing.Ms.Husaidtravellingofteninvolvesphysicalactivitieslikehiking,climbing,andcycling.Shesaidthese43(potential)reducetensionandtirednessinthemusclesandjoints,andparticipating44theseactivitiescouldenhancethebody’simmunefunctionandself-protectioncapabilities.Theresearchersalsosaidtravellingcouldbe45(good)thananti-ageingcreams.四、書信寫作（本大題共1小題）46．假定你是李華，你的英國朋友Tom很喜歡大熊貓，你打算寄給他一份含有熊貓元素的文創產品。請根據下面的提示給他寫封郵件，內容包括：1.寫信目的；2.選送此禮物的原因；3.歡迎他來中國旅游。注意：1.寫作詞數應為80個左右；2.請按如下格式在答題紙的相應位置作答。參考詞匯:creativeculturalproduct文創產品DearTom,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua五、書面表達（本大題共1小題）47．閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Iwassixyearsoldwhenmyfatherheardaboutskatingclasses.HesomehowknewIwasgoingtodowellinit.Hefilledouttheformandgotmeenrolled(登記).MymotherwasalittleafraidbecauseIwastoothinandsmall.Iwasexcited,yetfrightened,butmyfamilygavemeallthecourageandconfidenceIneeded.Theclasswasscheduledfor7am.Butguesswhat?Myhappinessandexcitementturnedupsidedownwhennoonewasavailabletotakemetoclassearlyinthemorningbecauseofworkcommitments.Ihadlostallhopeofmakingittotheclass,butmyfathersurprisedmebygettingpermissiontogotoworklateonmyclassdays.Finally,whenwearrivedformyclass,Isawthat,eventhoughitwasthefirstclass,somestudentswerealreadyskatinglikeexperts!Tomakemattersworse,alltheskatingshoesthatfitmewerealreadytaken.Iwasgivenapairthatdidn’tfitwell.Myfatherandtheinstructorencouragedmealot,soItried.EverytimeIattemptedtoskate,Ifellandfeltembarrassed.Thenmyfatherwouldholdmyhandandwalkwithme.AfterIreturnedhome,Icouldn’tstopthinkingabouthowIcoulddowellandbecomeanexpert.Thenextday,myfatherboughtmeanewpairofskatingshoes.Theyweregreyandblack,whichwerecomfortabletowear.Fortheentireweek,Ipracticedskatingbeforemynextclass.Ineachsubsequentclass,Iperformedbetterthanbefore.NotonlycouldIskateandwalk,butIwasalsoabletorace,brake,hopanddomuchmore.Myfamilyandfriendsweresohappyandproudtoseemyprogress.注意：1.續寫詞數應為150個左右；2.請按如下格式在答題紙的相應位置作答。EverytimeIskate,Iremembermyfather’ssupportthathelpedmereachthisstage._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Lookingatmyfather’sconcernedlook,Istruggledtomyfeet._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案【答案】1．C2．B3．C【分析】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了AxisBankSplash比賽的要求、獎項等相關信息。【解析】1．細節理解題。根據第一段中的“WelcomebacktoAxisBankSplash!ItisanannualnationwidecompetitiononArt,CraftandLiterature(歡迎回到AxisBankSplash！這是一項一年一度的全國藝術、工藝和文學競賽。)”可知，AxisBankSplash是全國性的比賽。故選C。2．細節理解題。根據Prizes部分中的“Thewinnersofthecompetitionwillbeinstructedbyseveraldomainexperts.Thetop3finalistsfromeachcategorywillbeawardedprizes.Inaddition,allwinnerswillgetachancetohavetheirartworksdisplayedattheMuseumofArtandPhotography(MAP).What’smore,thetop400qualifierswillwinexcitinggiftsandelectronicgadgets (小用品)frompartners.(比賽的優勝者將由幾位領域專家指導。每個類別的前三名決賽選手將獲得獎品。此外，所有獲獎者將有機會在藝術與攝影博物館（MAP）展出他們的作品。更重要的是，前400名的選手將獲得來自合作伙伴的精彩禮物和電子產品。)”說明獲獎者會得到一些準備好的獎品，包括專家指導、在博物館展示作品的機會以及合作伙伴提供的禮品和電子小用品等。故選B。3．細節理解題。根據Registration中“Theparticipantscanregisterandsubmittheirentrieswww.axisbanksplash.intill30thNovember.(參賽者可以在11月30日之前在www.Axisbanksplash.in上注冊并提交他們的作品。)”可知，參與者需要在指定網站www.axisbanksplash.in上注冊并提交參賽作品。故選C。【答案】4．C5．A6．B7．B【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了14歲的WilliamCabaniss通過自制香草精銷售，將全部利潤捐贈給食物銀行來幫助他人的善舉。【解析】4．細節理解題。由文章第一段中“In2020,atage14,WilliamCabanissnoticedthatsomeofhisclassmateswereskippingmealsduetofoodinsecurity,andhewantedtodosomething.(2020年，14歲的威廉?卡巴尼斯注意到他的一些同學因為食物得不到保障而不吃東西，他想為此做點什么)”可知，一些學生不吃飯是因為食品不安全，也就是擔心食物問題。故選C。5．細節理解題。由文章第三段中“Oneday,whilebakingapanofcakesandaddingvanilla,herealizedhecouldeasilyproducehisownvanillaextractratherthanpurchasingitatthesupermarket.Thenhetooktheideaastepfurtherbyplanningtosellthevanillaextractanddonateallprofitstothelocalfoodbankwherehevolunteered.(一天，當他烤一盤蛋糕并加入香草時，他意識到他可以很容易地自己制作香草精，而不是在超市購買。然后，他進一步提出了這個想法，計劃出售香草精，并將所有利潤捐給他志愿服務的當地食品銀行)”可知，是他的烘焙過程啟發他通過賣香草精來對抗饑餓。故選A。6．推理判斷題。由文章第一段中“In2020,atage14,WilliamCabanissnoticedthatsomeofhisclassmateswereskippingmealsduetofoodinsecurity,andhewantedtodosomething.(2020年，14歲的威廉?卡巴尼斯注意到他的一些同學因為食物得不到保障而不吃東西，他想為此做點什么)”和第三段中“Oneday,whilebakingapanofcakesandaddingvanilla,herealizedhecouldeasilyproducehisownvanillaextractratherthanpurchasingitatthesupermarket.Thenhetooktheideaastepfurtherbyplanningtosellthevanillaextractanddonateallprofitstothelocalfoodbankwherehevolunteered.(一天，當他烤一盤蛋糕并加入香草時，他意識到他可以很容易地自己制作香草精，而不是在超市購買。然后，他進一步提出了這個想法，計劃出售香草精，并將所有利潤捐給他志愿服務的當地食品銀行)”和第五段“Theextremelypositiveresponseallowedhimtoexpandhisprogramintoanon-profitorganization,VanillaFeedsTomorrow.Thenon-profitprojectcontinuesoperationstoday,andWilliamdonatestheprofittoSecondHarvestFoodBankofEastTennessee.Each$30bottlesoldprovidesapproximately42mealstopeopleinneed,andtheorganizationhasraisedmorethan$200,000todate.(這個非常積極的反應讓他把他的項目擴展成一個非營利組織——VanillaFeedsTomorrow。這個非營利性項目一直持續到今天，威廉將收益捐給了東田納西州的第二豐收食品銀行。每瓶售價30美元的可樂能為有需要的人提供大約42頓飯，到目前為止，該組織已經籌集了20多萬美元)”可知，文章講述了威廉為了幫助有食物問題的同學和社區，制作并售賣自制香草精，將全部利潤捐給當地食品銀行，還成立非營利組織。他慷慨地把利潤捐出，且積極幫助他人，所以他是慷慨且樂于助人的。故選B。7．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“In2020,atage14,WilliamCabanissnoticedthatsomeofhisclassmateswereskippingmealsduetofoodinsecurity,andhewantedtodosomething.(2020年，14歲的威廉?卡巴尼斯注意到他的一些同學因為食物得不到保障而不吃東西，他想為此做點什么)”和第三段中“Oneday,whilebakingapanofcakesandaddingvanilla,herealizedhecouldeasilyproducehisownvanillaextractratherthanpurchasingitatthesupermarket.Thenhetooktheideaastepfurtherbyplanningtosellthevanillaextractanddonateallprofitstothelocalfoodbankwherehevolunteered.(一天，當他烤一盤蛋糕并加入香草時，他意識到他可以很容易地自己制作香草精，而不是在超市購買。然后，他進一步提出了這個想法，計劃出售香草精，并將所有利潤捐給他志愿服務的當地食品銀行)”可知，文章主要圍繞少年威廉通過制作售賣自制香草精來為當地食品銀行籌集資金展開。B項“ATeenStartedBusinesstoRaiseFundsforLocalFoodBank(一名青少年創業為當地食品銀行籌集資金)”可以作為本文的最佳標題。故選B。【答案】8．A9．D10．D11．B【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了《人事心理學》雜志的一項新的研究發現，吹噓自己壓力水平的人被同事視為能力較差，也不太討人喜歡。【解析】8．句意猜測題。劃線句中“Thisisabehaviorwe’veallseenandweallmightbeguiltyofatsomepoint,(這是我們都見過的行為，我們都可能在某個時候為此感到愧疚過)”中的主語This指代上文“bragabouttheirstresslevels(吹噓自己的壓力水平)”，因此根據句中的兩個all可以推測出，杰西卡·羅德爾所說的劃線句的意思是吹噓壓力水平的現象是很常見的。故選A項。9．細節理解題。根據第一段中“WhenIwaswonderingaboutwhypeopledothis,Ithoughtmaybewearetalkingaboutourstressbecausewewanttoprovewe’regoodenough.(當我想知道為什么人們會這樣做時，我想也許我們談論我們的壓力是因為我們想證明我們足夠好)”可知，談論壓力大的人是因為他們想證明自己足夠好，由此可以推知，JessicaRodell認為人們吹噓壓力是為了展示自己很有能力。故選D項。10．細節理解題。根據第二段“360participantscomparedstatementsfromimaginaryco-workerswhojustreturnedfromaconference.(360名參與者比較了剛從會議中回來的假想同事的陳述)”可知，參與者比較的是參加會議的假想同事的陳述。故選D項。11．細節理解題。根據第三段“Theresearchersalsofoundemployeeswithco-workerswhobragaboutstressoftenreportedhigherlevelsofpersonalstressandburnout.(研究人員還發現，和吹噓壓力的人做同事，他們的個人壓力和倦怠程度往往更高)”及“Whensomebodyisconstantlytalkingaboutandbraggingabouttheirstress,itmakesstressseemlikeagoodthing,...Itjustspillsoverontotheco-workersnexttothem.Theywindupfeelingmorestressed,whichleadstohigherburnoutorwithdrawalfromtheirwork.(吹噓壓力會讓人覺得，高壓力是工作文化中意料之中、正常的一部分……這只會影響到他們旁邊的同事。他們最終會感到更大的壓力，從而導致更高的倦怠或對工作的退縮)”可知，一個人不斷吹噓壓力，這只會蔓延到他旁邊的同事身上，他的同事最終會感到壓力更大。故選B項。【答案】12．A13．D14．A15．C【分析】本文是一篇說明文。一項最新研究表明：對于工作日很難安排出時間鍛煉身體的人而言，在周末安排相應的運動鍛煉同樣具有好處，一樣能降低很多疾病的發病風險。【解析】12．細節理解題。根據第一段中“Newresearchsuggeststhat“weekendwarriors(勇士)”whopackatleast150minutesofexerciseintooneortwodaysenjoysimilarhealthbenefitstothosewhospreadworkoutsthroughouttheweek.(“周末勇士”在一到兩天內至少鍛煉150分鐘，與那些在一周內分散鍛煉的人獲得的健康益處相似。)”可知，新的研究表明，在一兩天內完成至少150分鐘鍛煉的“周末勇士”和那些在一周內分散鍛煉的人享受類似的健康益處，即周末鍛煉對我們也有益處。故選A項。13．詞句猜測題。根據劃線單詞句中“…includingcardiovasculardisease,Type-2diabetes,stroke,cancer,depression,andanxiety.(包括心血管疾病、2型糖尿病、中風、癌癥、抑郁和焦慮。)”以及后一句中“AbouthalfofallAmericanshavechronicdiseases(大約一半的美國人患有慢性疾病。)”可知，久坐不動的生活方式會增加一個人患上一系列“ailments”的風險，后面列舉的“cardiovasculardisease,Type-2diabetes,stroke,cancer,depression,andanxiety”都是疾病，所以“ailments”意思是“疾病”，D選項“illnesses”（疾病）符合。故選D項。14．主旨大意題。根據第四段“Thenearly90,000peoplewhosedatatheresearchersanalyzedinthenewstudyweredividedintothreecategories:regularexerciser,weekendwarrior,andtheinactive.Comparedtothosewhodidn’texercise,regularexercisersandweekendwarriorshadalowerriskofmorethan260diseasesoversixyears.TheprotectivebenefitsforType-2diabeteswerehighest,with43percentlowerriskfortheweekendwarriorand46percentlowerriskfortheregularexerciser,respectively.(在這項新研究中，研究人員分析了近9萬人的數據，將他們分為三類：定期鍛煉者、周末戰士和不運動者。與那些不鍛煉的人相比，經常鍛煉和周末運動的人在六年內患260多種疾病的風險較低。對2型糖尿病的保護作用是最大的，周末戰士的風險降低了43%，定期鍛煉者的風險降低了46%。)”可知，主要講述了研究人員對近9萬人的數據進行分析，將他們分為三類，然后比較了不同類別與不鍛煉的人在六年內患260多種疾病的風險情況，這是研究的結果。故選A項。15．推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Notimetoexercise?Just5minutesstillhasabigimpact.Theresearchaddstoearlierstudiesthatshowthatanyamountofphysicalactivitycountsandallowspeoplesomeflexibility(“沒時間鍛煉？”僅僅5分鐘也有很大的影響。這項研究補充了早期的研究，表明任何數量的體育活動都是重要的，并使人們有一定的靈活性)”以及“Evenifit’sjustafewminutesofmoderate-to-vigorousphysicalactivityhereorthere,you’regoingtogetabenefit.Workingoutevenoneortwodaysaweekalsolowertheriskofmooddisorders,whichisanothermajorbenefit(即使只是在這里或那里進行幾分鐘中等到高強度的體育活動，你也會從中受益。即使每周鍛煉一到兩天也能降低患情緒障礙的風險，這是另一個主要好處。)”可知，Rosenkranz認為只要鍛煉就很重要，即使只有幾分鐘的中度到劇烈的體育活動，也會有好處，一周鍛煉一兩天也能降低情緒障礙的風險。故選C項。【答案】16．B17．A18．F19．D20．G【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了建立