人教版八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoamuseum?SectionA第2課時(shí)spacemuseumnaturalhistorymuseumartmuseumsciencemuseumfilmmuseumLeadintheAmericanComputerMuseumPre-readingtheInternationalMuseumofToiletsinIndiaHangzhouNationalTeaMuseumAmyKen

LinlintheAmericanComputerMuseumtheInternationalMuseumofToiletsHangzhouNationalTeaMuseumWhile-readingLet’sgotothecomputermuseum!1).Theyhaveinformationabouta.___________________b.__________________________differentcomputerswhoinvented（發(fā)明）them2).Technologyhasprogressedinsucharapidway:a.theoldcomputerswere_____________b.aspecialcomputercould_______________________________c.Iwonder____________________________________________muchbiggerplaychessevenbetterthanhumanshowmuchmorecomputerswillbeabletodointhefutureLet’sgotothetoiletmuseum!TheInternationalMuseumofToiletsHowisit?Whereisit?Whatcanwelearn?Whatcanwesee?Whatdoesitencouragegovernmentsandsocialgroupstodo?InIndia.It’sunusual.Differentkindsoftoilets.Thehistoryanddevelopmentoftoilets.(發(fā)展)Tothinkaboutwaystoimprovetoiletsinthefuture.Let’sgototheteamuseum!nameofthemuseumhowisthemuseumwhattoseewhatdoesLinlinthinkoftheteapreparation（備茶）theHangzhouNationalTeaMuseumarelaxingandpeacefulplaceteaartperformances（茶藝表演）teasets（茶具）Watchingtheteapreprationisasenjoyableasdrinkingteaitself.Readthearticleagainandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.WhatdoesKensayabouttheAmericanComputerMuseum?TheAmericanComputerMuseumisthemostinterestingone.Theyhaveinformationaboutdifferentcomputersandwhoinventedthem.Theoldcomputersweremuchbigger.Aspecialcomputercouldplaychessevenbetterthanhumans.2.WhatcanwelearnattheInternationalMuseumofToilets?Themuseumteachespeopleaboutthehistoryanddevelopmentoftoilets.Italsoencouragesgovernmentsandsocialgroupstothinkaboutwaystoimprovetoiletsinthefuture.3.WhyistheHangzhouNationalTeaMuseumaniceplacetoenjoytea?It’sarelaxingandpeacefulplacenearalake.Theteaartperformancesshowhowtomakeaperfectcupofteawithbeautifulteasets.Watchingtheteapreparationisjustasenjoyableasdrinkingtheteaitself.Whichmuseumareyouinterestedin?Why?Telluswiththehelpofchart.NameHowWhattoseeWhathavelearnedACMinterestingdifferentcomputersoldspecialinformation…inventtechnologyprogressedplaychessPost-readingNameHowWhattoseeWhathavelearned

IMTunusualkindsoftoiletshistoryanddevelopmentencourages…waystoimprove...HNTMrelaxingpeacefulteaartteasetsteapreparationIt’senjoyableto…realizedwhy…Visitingmuseumsisagoodwaytorelaxandwecanlearnalotfromit.Whichoftheunderlinedwordsinthepassagehavethefollowingmeanings?make(something)betterbecomebetteruncommonquietmadequickimproveprogressedunusualpeacefulinventedrapidinventedprogressedrapidunusualimprovepeacefulLanguagepoints1.It’sunbelievablethattechnologyhasprogressedinsucha

rapidway.科技以如此迅猛的方式發(fā)展進(jìn)步真是令人難以置信。rapid意為“快速的；飛快的”，表達(dá)“發(fā)生或做得極快，用時(shí)短暫”，與fast,quick同為近義詞，但更加正式。Eg.Therapid

spreadofthevirushasthreatenedthepublic.這種病毒的迅猛傳播給社會(huì)大眾帶來了恐慌。2.Iwonderhowmuchmorecomputerswillbeabletodointhefuture.我想知道未來的電腦還能做多少事情。

wonder意為想要知道，后面常接由what,how,who或if/whether（是否）引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。Eg.Iwonderhowthey’regettingon.我想知道他們現(xiàn)在過得怎樣。Ijustwonderifthey’vearrivedsafely.我就想知道他們是否安全抵達(dá)了。3.Italsoencouragesgovernmentsandsocialgroupstothinkaboutwaystoimprovetoiletsinthefuture.它還鼓勵(lì)政府和社會(huì)團(tuán)體思考在將來改進(jìn)馬桶的方法。encourage意為“鼓勵(lì)；鼓舞；激發(fā)”,

當(dāng)賓語為人時(shí)，其句型結(jié)構(gòu)為encouragesb.todosth.用動(dòng)詞不定式作補(bǔ)語。Eg.Teachersoftenencouragestudentstoraisequestionsinclass.

課堂上老師們經(jīng)常鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生提問題。4.Theteaartperformancesshowhowtomakeaperfectcupofteawithbeautifulteasets.茶藝表演展示了如何用美麗的茶具泡一杯完美的茶。aperfectcupoftea意為“一杯好茶；一杯完美的茶水”。

在英語中，當(dāng)表示“量”的結(jié)構(gòu)遇到描述性詞匯修飾時(shí)，人們習(xí)慣于將形容詞置于表量名詞之前。Eg.agoodcupofcoffee一杯好咖啡aneasypieceofhomework一份簡單的作業(yè)

5.Watchingtheteapreparationisjustasenjoyableasdrinkingtheteaitself.看備茶的過程和飲茶本身一樣令人愉快。動(dòng)名詞作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Eg.Doingexerciseisgoodforourhealth.做鍛煉對(duì)我們的健康有好處。Readingisagoodwaytoimproveourselves.閱讀是提升自我的好方法。Haveyoueverbeen

toasciencemuseum?★Yes,I’vebeentoasciencemuseum.★No,I’veneverbeentoasciencemuseumHaveyouevervisitedthespacemuseum?★Yes,Ihave.Iwentherelastyear.★No,Ihaven’t.Ihavebeentotheartmuseummanytimes.Me,too.AndI’vealsovisitedthenaturemuseumI’veneverbeentoawaterpark.Meneither.Grammarfocus1.“have/hasbeento＋地名”，表示“曾經(jīng)去過某地”，說話時(shí)人已不在某地，常與once（一次），twice（兩次），never（從不），ever（曾經(jīng)）等連用。

eg.—HaveyoueverbeentoWestHillFarm？

（你曾經(jīng)去過西山農(nóng)場嗎？）

—No，I’veneverbeentherebefore.

（沒有。我以前從未去過那里)1).He’s

beentoBeijingthreetimes.他去過北京三次。2).They’vebeentothatvillageseveraltimes.他們?nèi)ミ^那個(gè)村莊好幾次了。have(has)beento

后面可接次數(shù)，表示去過某地幾次。注意：當(dāng)have用在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)中時(shí)，可以和前面的代詞縮寫如:hehas=he’s；theyhave=they’ve2.“have/hasgoneto＋地點(diǎn)”表示去了某地，強(qiáng)調(diào)人已經(jīng)離開說話地點(diǎn)；可能再去某地的路上，也可能在某地。主語常為第三人稱。eg.—Where’sJim？（吉姆在哪里?）

—He’sgonetoEnglandwithhisfamily.

（他和家人一起去英格蘭了）Where’s:Whereis/wherehasABHehasbeentoPlaceB.表示某人曾去過某地（現(xiàn)已回來）ABShehasgonetoPlaceB.表示某人在去某地途中或到了某地(現(xiàn)在還沒有回來)havebeento與havegoneto★havebeento+sp.表示去過某處，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了，不在那里。WehavebeentoQingdao.我們?nèi)ミ^青島（現(xiàn)在不在青島）★havegoneto+sp.表示已經(jīng)去某處了，還沒回來，可能還在那里或在去的途中。TheygonetoDalian.他們已經(jīng)去大連了。(現(xiàn)在還在大連或在途中。)拓展★havebeenin+sp.+時(shí)間段

表示在某處呆過多長時(shí)間。Howlonghaveyoubeeninchina?

你在中國住了多長時(shí)間？

★havebeena/an+sb.表示做某個(gè)職業(yè)的人IhavebeenanEnglishteacherforovertwentyyears.1.Where_____you_____,John?I’mlookingforyoueverywhere.A.have;been B.have;beentoC.have;gone D.did;goto2.Howlong_____yourfather_____Shanghai? A.did;come B.has;goto C.has;beento D.has;beeninA.D.單項(xiàng)選擇從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z，并用其正確形式完成句子。1.Bob_____________thetopoftheEiffelTowermanytimes.2.I______never________HongKong,butIhopetovisititnextyear.havebeento,havegoneto,havebeeninhasbeentohavebeento3.Mrs.Greenisn’tintheoffice.She___________thelibrary.4.Mygrandparents___________Shan-dongfortenyears.5.Allthestudents_________home,andtheschoolisquiet.havebeento,havegoneto,havebeeninhavegonehasgonetohavebeenin……已經(jīng)做過某事了嗎？/…是不是已經(jīng)……?肯定答語:Yes,主格代詞+have/has.一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+V-ed+…?否定答語:No,主格代詞+haven’t/hasn’t.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問句表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。常與already,yet,just等詞連用。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Presentperfect句式：肯定答語:Yes,主格代詞+have/has.肯定句:主語+have/has+V-ed+其他.否定句:主語+haven’t/hasn’t+V-ed+其他.一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+V-ed+…?否定答語:No,主格代詞+haven’t/hasn’t.注意：never,ever一般置于助動(dòng)詞have/has之后，v-ed之前。1.never從來沒有，從不，表示否定；

Hehasneverseensuchatallbuilding.

他從未見過這么高的樓。2.ever曾經(jīng)，主要用于疑問句；

Haveyoueverwantedtotravelaroundtheworld?

你曾經(jīng)想要周游世界嗎？theusagesof“never”and“ever”注意：be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的選擇Neither+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+sb.

某人也不……--Hehasneverseensuchatallbuilding.

--NeitherhaveI.2.So+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+sb.

某人也……

--HeisgoodatspeakingFrench.

--SoamI.theusagesof“never”and“ever”一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)之比較1).一般過去時(shí)表示過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系。而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果；或者表示過去的動(dòng)作延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況。2).一般過去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語連用，或無時(shí)間狀語。一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)之比較◎一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語有：yesterday,lastweek,…ago,in1980,inOctober,justnow,等具體的時(shí)間狀語。

◎現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語有：ever,never,just,already,yet,…times,for,since,inpast…years,等不確定的時(shí)間狀語。1.A:Doyouwant_______(come)tothespacemuseum?B:No,I’vealready_____(be)therethreetimes.2.A:Haveyou____(see)therobotsatthesciencemuseum?B:Yes,I_____(go)therelastweekend.Putthecorrectformsoftheverbsintheblanks.tocomebeenseenwent4a3.A:Let’s_____(spend)thedayatthezoo.B:Well,I’vealready_____(be)thereacoupleoftimes,butI’mhappy____(go)again.4.A:Howabout_____(go)totheartmuseum?TherearesomespecialGermanpaintingsthererightnow.B:Sure.Whendoyouwant_____(go)?5.A:Haveyouever______(visit)thehistorymuseum?B:No,I’venever____(be)there.spendbeentogogoingtogovisitedbeenFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.

Mostofus_________(see)MickeyMouse,DonaldDuckandotherfamousDisneycharactersincartoonsbefore.Buthaveyouever____(be)toDisneyland?Disneyland___(be)anamusementparkwithaspecialtheme—Disneycharactersandmovies.haveseenbeenis4bThere___(be)manyexcitingrides,lovelyrestaurantsandfantasticgiftshopsthere.Youcanalso___(see)theDisneycharacterswalkingaroundthepark.Andhaveyouever_____(hear)ofaDisneyCruise?This__(be)aboatridewithaDisneytheme.Youcan____(take)arideontheboatforseveraldaysandeatandsleeponit.Ontheboat,youcan____(shop)andhaveDisneypartiesbeforeyou______(arrive)attheDisneyisland.areseeheardistakeshoparriveHaveyouever...You

YourpartnerbeentoanotherprovinceinChina?lostsomethingimportant?saidsomethingyoudidn’twanttosay?helpedsomeoneyoudidn’tknow?livedinanotherplace?arguedwithyourparents?Answerthesurveyquestionsandthe