大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)作文首尾句作文是根據(jù)段首(尾)句續(xù)寫短文。段首句作文也稱主題句作文，由于作文題提出論據(jù)，用某些輔助句(supportingsentences)來(lái)支持或闡明主題句，寫英文段首句作文要注意：所寫的內(nèi)容要緊扣主題，輔助句應(yīng)環(huán)繞段首句續(xù)寫。保段首句緊密展開各個(gè)段落，如：例證、因果、定義、比較對(duì)比、子，有時(shí)不是一種完整的句子，只是句子的一部分，這就規(guī)定考Directions:WriteacompositionaboutWhatWouldHappenIfThereWereNopowerinthreeparagraphs,youaregiventhefirstsentenceorpartofthefirstsentenceofeachparagraph:1Eversinceearlythiscentury,electricityhasbecome2Iftherewerenoelectricpower,..[范文]WhatWouldHappenIfThereWereNoEversinceearlythiscentury,electricityhasbecomeanessentialpartofourmohasplayedadecisiveroleinthemodernworld.EverybodyadmitsthatdevelopmentofourcivilizationdependsonIftherewerenoelectricitypower,ourmodernworldwouldbeintrouble.Forinwheelwouldstopbecausewithoutthepowerthemachinewouldceaseworking.AndalltheelectricalequipmentlifewouldbeimpossibleandinTherefore,weshouldmakebetteruseofelectivepower.Oneducatepeopletoeconomizeonelectricityandnottowwemustdoourbesttoexploitmoreelectricresourcestomeettherequirementsofhumanbeings第一段的段首句是講電已經(jīng)成為人們現(xiàn)代生活中必不可少的部部分應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)它的重要性。第二段的段首句提出如果沒有電的假(1)給出英文題目、中文提綱提綱式作文多以英文給出題目、以中文給出提綱，有時(shí)提綱中尚有提示。如1996年6月的四級(jí)作文題：GlobalShortageofFreshWat1.人們覺得淡水是取之不盡的。(提示：雨水、河水、井水??)2.事實(shí)上淡水是非常緊缺的。(提示：人口增長(zhǎng)、工業(yè)用水增長(zhǎng)、污染??)3.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)怎么辦?(2)給出英文題目和提綱1.Advantagesofelectronicdiction2.Disadvantagesofelectronicdictionar一)、題材：四級(jí)作文的題材可分為兩大類：貼近大學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)和課余生活的校園題材；二)、體裁：四級(jí)作文共有四種體裁：議論文，闡明性議論文，敘事性議論文和應(yīng)用文。三)、命題形式：a、提綱式命題作文；b、提綱式圖表作文；.6c、情景提綱式命題作文。.6\.1\.1\.6\.6;d.首句式命題作文；e.應(yīng)用文一)、現(xiàn)象解釋型(比較常用):命題重要規(guī)定考生對(duì)某一社會(huì)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行解釋，并加以評(píng)論。結(jié)論為：一方面闡明現(xiàn)狀，另一方面論述這種現(xiàn)狀產(chǎn)生或存在的因素。最后做出結(jié)論或提出建議：(.6)StudentUseofComputers1)、上圖所示為1990、1995、某高校大學(xué)生使用計(jì)算機(jī)的狀況，清描述其變化。2)、請(qǐng)闡明發(fā)生這些變化的因素(可從用途，價(jià)格或社會(huì)發(fā)展等方面加以闡明).Studentstendtousecomputersmoreandmorenowadays.ReadinthattheaveragenumberofhoursastudentspendsonthecomputerperweekhasObviouslycomputersarebecomingmoreandmorepothis.First,computersfacilitateusinmoreaspectsoflife.AlsoInternetenlargesourdemandsforusingcomputplacesthroughtheInternet.Besides,thepricenablesmorestudentstopuAlongwiththetimespentoncomputers,therearisesthatmanystudentsarespendingsomuchItisurgenttoletthestudentsuse值得注意的是，現(xiàn)象解釋型作文又多了一類敘事類文章，與以往的不同，命題規(guī)定對(duì)某一1)車禍發(fā)生的時(shí)間及地點(diǎn)；2)你所見到的車禍情景；3)你對(duì)車禍因素的分析。范文：Itwasatabout9:00onSaturdaymorning,Junvisitafriendofmineatanotheruniversity.IwaswalkingleisurelyontloudcrashoftwovehiclesjustattheT-junctionabout10metersaway.TwotaxIwentupandfoundthatthetwotaxiswerebadlydamaged.BothhoofswereoutOnedoorofacarwasknockedoffandlyingontheroad.Onedriverwasbloodingandanotherwasshutinthetaxi.Somepeopleweretryingtohelpthedrivergetoutofthedamanwascallingtothetrafficpolicemanstation.Alotofcarswerejammedontheroad.Fromthestoppingtrackontheroad,itisclearthattheisjustoneofthereasons.Inmyopinion,thetaxidriversareeagertotakemorepassengersandmakealittlemoremoney.OntBothofthemwantedtoruninfrontofanother.Theshouldletthedriverskeepitintheirmlivesmeanstakingcareofyourownlife.二)對(duì)比選擇型(最為常用)。作文題目比較明確，富有針對(duì)性，即直接規(guī)定考生比較兩種觀點(diǎn)或兩種做法，進(jìn)而表白自己對(duì)該問(wèn)題或事務(wù)的態(tài)度或觀點(diǎn)，也就是做出選擇。(1999.6)ReadSelectivelyorExtensively2)、有人覺得應(yīng)當(dāng)博覽群書；SomepeoplethinkwhenusconcentrateourlimitedtimeandattentiononthoOthersthinkweshouldreadextenlookitover.Weshouldreadvariouskindsofbooks,whetherweaTheymaintainthatreadingextensivelycanhelptoInmyopinion,thetworeaHowever,thedisadvantagesofeachmethodsareeasytosee.Ifweonlyreadthebooksweselectorprefer,theframeworkofourknowledgemaynotbecomplete.Ourknowledgewouldberatherlimited.Andifwereadwithoutselection,wemaynothavenergytobespecializedinoneparticula三)問(wèn)題解決型。比較問(wèn)題規(guī)定考生從描述文字\圖畫入手，解釋試題文字\圖畫反映出的(.1)HowtosucceedinajobInterview?2)、獲得面試成功的素質(zhì)，儀表，舉止談吐，能力，專業(yè)知識(shí)，自信，實(shí)事求是…Nowadays,inanevertighterjobmarket,greatimpogettingasatisfactoryjob.Ontheonehand,theintelearnaboutthecandidatestopickouttherightpersonforthecompatheopportunitytogettoknowthejobheisgoiandmanyotherthingsaboutthejob Firstlyofall,theintervieweemustpayattalwayswherewestart.Getdressedproperlyandneatly.Secondly,goodmanneimportant.Don'tbetooproud,andneithertootimid.Justbecourteous.Thirdly,theintervieweemustdemonstratehisaptitudeandskillsforthejobandhisknowledgeaboutBeconfident.Lastbutnottheleast,theintervieweeoughttobehonestabowellasacademicbackground,,forhonestyisTosumup,thejobinterviewiastheintervieweehashonestperformance,hisorhersuccessca四)觀點(diǎn)論證型。規(guī)定考生根據(jù)題目的論點(diǎn)，按提綱的構(gòu)造規(guī)定對(duì)其進(jìn)行論證，然后表白論證三大要素。(1999.1)Don'tHesitatetoSay“No"2)、為什么有人在該說(shuō)“不”的時(shí)候不說(shuō)“不”。withouthesitation.peopleareafraidtooffendtheiracquaintances'face,Infact,doingsoisquitehawillonlybeworse.Theothermightaswefactnothelpingtheotherbuthurtinghim.Youyourselfwillgetintotroubletoo.五)應(yīng)用文：書信，賀卡，導(dǎo)游詞等?？忌x到一種特定的情景，然后在理解的基本上，(.6)Teacher'sDayThisisTeachers'Dayandatimetobspecialrecognitionandrespect.ThereisnomoreappropriatetimethanthistohonThewholesecretoftheteacher'sforceliesintheconvictionthatmTeacher,whoeducatechildren,deservemorehothelatterprovidedmorelife,whiletheformerensureagoodlife.WMyheartfeltthankstoyou,dearteacher.Onthevoyageoflife,youhavekindledthelightofhopeforme.Whatyouhavedoneenrichesmymindandbroadensmyvieyousincerely.Noonedeservesabiggerthankyou1你覺得自己具有是什么條件(能力，性格，2如果當(dāng)選你將會(huì)為本校同窗做什么?TodayIamverygladtorunforthepresidentofDepartment.SinceIcameintotheuniversity,Ihavevarietyofhobbies,forexample,basketball,football,pingpong,etc.Iamsuforthisposition.IfIbecomethepresident,Iwill指發(fā)信人的姓名(單位名稱)、地址和日期，一般寫在信紙的右上角。英文地址的寫法與中文完全不同，地址的名稱按從小到大的順序：第一行寫門牌號(hào)碼和街名；第二行寫縣、市、省、州、郵編、國(guó)名；然后再寫日期。標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)一般在每一行的末尾都不用，但在每一行的之間，該用的還要用，例如在寫日期的時(shí)候。在一般的社交信中，信內(nèi)收信人的地址一般省略，但是在公務(wù)信函中不能。將收信人的姓寫在信頭日期下方的左角上，規(guī)定與對(duì)信頭的規(guī)定同樣，不必再寫日期。是寫信人對(duì)收信人的稱呼用語(yǔ)。位置在信內(nèi)地址下方一、二行的地方，從該行的頂格寫(1)寫給親人、親戚和關(guān)系密切的朋友時(shí)，用Dear或Mydear再加上表達(dá)親屬關(guān)系的稱呼或直稱其名(這里指名字，不是姓氏)。例如：Mydearfather,DearTom等。(2)寫給公務(wù)上的信函用DearMadam,DearSir或Gentleman(Gentlemen)。注意：Dear純屬公務(wù)上往來(lái)的客氣形式。Gentlemen總是以復(fù)數(shù)形式浮現(xiàn)，前不加Dear,是Dear(3)寫給收信人的信，也可用頭銜、職位、職稱、學(xué)位等再加姓氏或姓氏和名字。例如：如果你不懂得收信人的姓名，可用DearSir(s),DearMadam,DearSirorMadam.如果你懂得收信人的姓名，但她并非你的好友，可用DearMr.Smith,DearMs.Smith,DearDr.Smith,DearProf.Smi位置在下面稱呼語(yǔ)隔一行，是信的核心部分。因此規(guī)定正文層次分明、簡(jiǎn)樸易懂。和中文正文有縮進(jìn)式和齊頭式兩種。每段書信第一行的第一種字母稍微向右縮進(jìn)些，一般以五個(gè)但美國(guó)人寫信各段落往往不用縮進(jìn)式，用齊頭式，即每一行都從左面頂格寫起。商務(wù)信件在正文下面的一、二行處，從信紙的中間偏右處開始，第一種詞開頭要大寫，句末用逗(1)寫給家人、親戚，用Yourlovinggrandfather,Lovinglyyours,Lovingly,等；(2)寫給熟人、朋友，用Yourscordially,Yoursaffectionately,Bestregards,yours(Yourstruel;(4)對(duì)上級(jí)、長(zhǎng)輩用Yoursobediently(Obedientlyyours),Yoursrespectfully低于結(jié)束語(yǔ)一至二行，從信紙中間偏右的地方開始，在結(jié)束語(yǔ)的正下方，在簽完名字的下面還要有用打字機(jī)打出的名字，以便辨認(rèn)。職務(wù)、職稱可打在名字的下面。固然，寫給親(一)感謝信4.Ideeplyappreciateyourcourtesyand5.Itakethisopportunitytoexpressmydeepappreciationofyourkindhelpyourenderedme.我無(wú)法用言語(yǔ)來(lái)體現(xiàn)對(duì)你的感謝之情。但愿有朝一門能回報(bào)你的協(xié)助。8.Pleaseacceptmymostcordialthank9.WordsfailmewhenIwanttoexpressmygratitudetoyou.感謝之情難以言表。10.Again,Iwouldliketoexpressourwarmthankstoyou.再次向你表達(dá)感謝。JulyDearProfJames,Asoneofyourstudents,Iamwritingtoaskforyourkindassistance.IwishtoenrComputeratOxfordUniversity,forwhichIamrequiredtoprovidealetterofrecommendation.Asaseniorprofessorinyourfieknowsmeverywell,youarethemostssokindastogiveabriefintroductstudies,especiallythatunderyoursupervision?Besides,yourpersonspecialweight.Ihaveto(歡迎范文holidaytogetherwithme.Ithasbeenthreeyearssincewegraduatedfromhighschool.surethatyourjourneywillbeexciting,rewardingandfullofalotofyouaroundournewcampus.EspeDuringthesecondthreedays,we'dbettergosigBeijing.Onthelastdayinconvenientforyouinthisplan,pleaseletmeBytheway,sincelotsofpeoplewilSoyoushouldtakecareofyoucolderthanKunmingatthistime.Anddon'tforgettotelyouupatthIamlookingforwardtoyourreplyand2.Iamterrib4.IamafraidwhatIhavedonehascausedmanyinconveniencestoyou.恐怕我給您添了許多5.Isincerelyhopethatyoucan6.IregrettoinformyouthatIamunabletodo….我很遺憾地告知您我不能……8.Pleaseacceptmysincereapologyfor..,oncemore.請(qǐng)?jiān)俅螢椤邮芪艺嬲\(chéng)的道歉。9.Isincerelyhopethatyouwillkindlyaccep10.Iamsosorrytohaveputyoutosomuchtrouble.不好意思給你添了諸多麻煩。:JuneDearMr.IwasveryconcernedwhenIreceivedyourletterofyesterdaycomplainingthatthecentralheatingsysteminyournewhousehadnotbeenfaultisentirelymineengineersworkingonthejobtobeplacedonovertime.ThesearrangementsshinstallationcompletedbynextYoursZhang信略信略幸3.Itismypleasuretoextendaninvitationtoyoutogotravelingwithme.我不久樂(lè)邀請(qǐng)你和我6.Wewerewonderingifthesessioncouldconsistof………我們想懂得會(huì)議與否可以涉及7.WouldyoupleaseleDearWewouldliketoinviteyoutoanexclusiveyouandyourcolleagueswillbe[company]isaleadingproducerofhigh-qualityadvanceshavemadeincandsophisticationwitheconomy,andtheirnewfeaturesgivsimilarproductsfromgladtosecureSincerely(五)英文求職信AprilMr.RayManagerofHumanResources1023DearMr.review.IbelievethatIhavethetraining,experienceandqualitiesthaAccordingtotheadvertisement,yourpositioliteracy,andaB.S.degreeinFinance.Mystudimanagementinformationsystems,speechcommunicatiopositionalsorequiresacandidateisabletodealwithpeopleindepartmentsmycourseworkandinmyYourjobdescriptionsuggeststhatourrelationshipcouldbthatIcanperformthe