專題12完形填空記敘文

目錄

題型綜述........................................................................2

解題攻略........................................................................3

題型01詞匯辨析題….................................3

題型02邏輯推理題.….................................5

題型03上下文語境題.................................8

題型04固定搭配題.…

題型05生活常識題.…

高考練場...........

01題型綜述

?題型簡介

高考英語完形填空記敘文，是以記人敘事為主要內(nèi)容的短文挖空題型。文章通常選取生活趣事、個人成

長經(jīng)歷、感人故事等貼近學(xué)生生活體驗或社會百態(tài)的素材，借助豐富生動的語言，按照事件發(fā)展的時間順

序、因果關(guān)系等來推進(jìn)情節(jié)。要求學(xué)生基于對篇章語境的理解，填補(bǔ)空缺詞匯，綜合考查詞匯運用、語

法知識、閱讀理解以及邏輯推理能力。

?命題類型

>詞匯辨析題：重點考查考生對詞匯的理解和運用能力，包括動詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞等實詞的使

用，題目會依據(jù)上下文語境，精準(zhǔn)考察最恰當(dāng)?shù)挠迷~選擇。

>邏輯推理題：考查考生對文章情節(jié)發(fā)展和邏輯關(guān)系的理解，需要根據(jù)上下文的線索進(jìn)行推理。

>上下文語境題：需依據(jù)故事發(fā)展脈絡(luò)、人物情感變化來推斷空缺處內(nèi)容。倘若前文提到主角心情低

落，后文填空處大概率與緩解低落情緒的行為或事物相關(guān)。

>固定搭配題：涉及動詞短語、介詞短語、形容詞短語等固定組合的運用。學(xué)生得熟悉這類搭配規(guī)則，

依語境填空。

>生活常識題：利用普遍生活經(jīng)驗、社會風(fēng)俗來輔助解題。若描述野餐場景，填空可能涉及野餐常見

用品，從常識角度能輔助判斷。

?解題思路

?通讀全文，了解大意：跳過空格，快速瀏覽記敘文，明晰故事主人公是誰，發(fā)生了什么事，事情的

起因、經(jīng)過與大致結(jié)果，勾勒事件輪廓，為后續(xù)填詞奠定語境基礎(chǔ)。

?瞻前顧后，初定答案：開始逐空分析，研讀空格前后句子，從詞匯搭配、語法規(guī)則、邏輯關(guān)系出發(fā)，

初步篩選可能選項。如果空格前是“be”動詞，后面大概率填形容詞或過去分詞，縮小選擇范圍。

?代入復(fù)查，確定答案：把初步選定的詞代入原文空格，通讀全文，核查填入后是否契合語境，語法

有無錯誤，情感邏輯是否連貫。重點排查一詞多義情況，看所選詞在此語境下語義是否精準(zhǔn)。若讀

起來拗口、語義突兀，要及時調(diào)整答案。

?重視首句，留意末段：首句常點明記敘文主題，奠定故事基調(diào)；末段往往包含故事結(jié)局或關(guān)鍵感悟。

二者蘊含豐富線索，解題全程都應(yīng)反復(fù)回顧，從中獲取關(guān)鍵信息輔助判斷。

02解題攻略

題型01詞匯辨析題

o國困

聯(lián)系前后文：詞匯的意義往往要根據(jù)上下文來確定，所以要認(rèn)真閱讀空格前后的句子，尋找與選項詞匯

相關(guān)的線索，如近義詞、反義詞、解釋說明等。

把握語篇邏輯：注意文章中的邏輯關(guān)系詞，如but>however、therefore、besides等，它們能幫助

判斷句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，從而確定合適的詞匯。

典例剖析

（23-24高三?四川成都?期末）

Weneverstoplearning.ThemostimportantskillI31atschoolwaskeepingaroutine.

31.A.madeupB.pickedupC.putoffD.heldback

典例剖析

（湖北省H^一校2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期12月聯(lián)考）

Itwas2017whentheaccidentoccurred.ThatdayitstartedtorainwhenI21tostopjustinchesfrom

thecarahead.BeforeIsighedwith22,mycarwashithardfrombehind.

23,Iwasunharmedandsteppedoutto24thesituation.Thegirlwhohadhitmewasintears.

She25tomeandexplainedthatherbrakes（殺U車）hadtakenlongerto26becauseoftheslippery

road.Minuteslater,apoliceman27anddirectlyissuedthegirlaticketfor"'failuretocontrolspeed”,and

severalotheroffenses,whichcouldhaveledtothe28ofherlicense.Thegirlwasextremelyupset,butshe

washelplessagainsttheresult.Icomfortedherthatitwasn'ther29andpromisedtohelp.

21.A.managedB.hesitatedC.failedD.refused

22.A.disappointmentB.excitementC.regretD.relief

23.A.HopefullyB.ThankfullyC.StrangelyD.Importantly

24.A.improveB.clarifyC.assessD.monitor

25.A.whisperedB.mentionedC.apologizedD.described

26.A.refreshB.recoverC.repairD.respond

27.A.turnedupB.spedbyC.steppedasideD.showedoff

28.A.limitationB.cancellationC.explanationD.collection

29.A.weaknessB.effortC.excuseD.fault

題型02邏輯推理題

提分秘籍

國

/理解文章主旨：

?把握中心思想：瀏覽文章，了解文章的中心思想和主題。這有助于理解文章的整體邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)。

?關(guān)注首尾段落：首尾段落通常包含文章的主旨和總結(jié)，對理解文章邏輯有重要作用。

”分析段落關(guān)系：

?段落功能：明確每個段落的功能，如引言、論述、舉例、總結(jié)等。這有助于理解段落之間的邏

輯關(guān)系。

?過渡詞句：注意段落之間的過渡詞句，如"however"、"furthermore">"inconclusion”等，這些

詞句表明段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系。

典例剖析

（河南省九師聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高三11月質(zhì)量檢測）

Mylovefortheatreis25.Asearlyasmiddleschool,Iwas26thatI'dbecomeafamous

actress.Inhighschool,Iwontournamentsseveraltimesinaclassroomsetting.ButIbrokeoutinacold27

atthethoughtofstandingonthestagewithlightsandcurtains.Incollege,Istillfailedtoperformonstagebecauseof

my28ofmakingafoolofmyselfinfrontofstrangers.Lifemovedon.I29mydreamofbeingon

stageinfavorofmyfamily.Then,IrealizedonedayhowmuchI30thetheater.Therefore,whenI

spottedtheadforauditions,Igatheredmy31.

25.A.symbolicB.endlessC.admirableD.abnormal

26.A.sadB.proudC.certainD.worried

27.A.eyeB.temperatureC.shoulderD.sweat

28.A.fearB.memoryC.wayD.hope

29.A.calledonB.putforwardC.setasideD.reflectedon

30.A.requiredB.deservedC.missedD.represented

31.A.courageB.reputationC.purposeD.capacity

典例剖析

（遼寧省名校2024年試題）

Oneday,Timcamehomefromschool.Hisfacewasfilledwithsadnessand21.Hisclassmatehad

saidhurtfulthingstohim,22Timtofeelupsetanddiscouraged.

21.A.hopeB.confidenceC.improvementD.anger

22.A.confusingB.attractingC.causingD.Assisting

題型03上下文語境題

提電現(xiàn)籍

國國國用

解決此類題型時，要求學(xué)生增強(qiáng)語篇邏輯意識，弄清文章內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系，根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容，并適當(dāng)

進(jìn)行邏輯推理來做出選擇。先易后難，循序漸進(jìn)和帶入答案，查讀驗證仍然適用于夾敘夾議文類完形填

空的解題。

典例剖析

（2025屆安徽省江淮十校高三上學(xué)期第二次聯(lián)考）

AsIwasgettingreadytocheckoutsomebooks,IrecalledthatIneededtoobtainaparticularbrandofcannedcat

foodfromthevet.Uponenteringtheveterinaryclinic,Ifoundthevethelperassistingothercustomers.Whilewaiting

inlineformyturn,I41anothergentlemancomeinandapproachthecounter.Seeingtheanxiousexpression

onhisface,Iofferedto42____himtobeservedfirst,remarkingthatIwouldgotothe43meanwhile.

題型04固定搭配題

提分秘籍

O國困

對于這類題型，學(xué)生在平時的學(xué)習(xí)中，要多掌握一些語法現(xiàn)象、多記多背一些固定結(jié)構(gòu)和習(xí)慣搭配,

并掌握它們的基本用法，這樣就能夠輕松解題了。

典例剖析

（2024?江蘇鹽城?三模）

TuckedawayinTongxiangcity,Zhejiangprovince,thecaptivatingwatertownofPuyuanisJinhistory

andelegance.

1.A.shroudedB.soakedC.steepedD.submerged

題型05生活常識題

提&秘籍

國國國因

解決此類題型時，應(yīng)該把自己學(xué)到的有關(guān)文化背景知識和生活常識靈活運用，注意中西文化的一些

差別。但有些沒有定論的、或自己沒有把握的知識，不能作為判斷的依據(jù)，這時就要尊重原文的描述。

典例剖析

（2024?河南?三模）Ifyou34withsocialanxietytoo,youmayhaveexperiencedsuchthings:

34.A.struggleB.assistC.dealD.engage

03高考練場

（2024年新課標(biāo)高考英語I卷）

I'vebeenmotivated-anddemotivated-byotherfolks9achievementsallmylife.

WhenIwasateenager,aneighborhoodfriend41amarathonrace.Feelingmotivated,Istartedrunning

42,butthentwothingshappened.First,agirlImetonedaytoldmeshewas43fora“super,“

referringtoa52.4-miledoublemarathon.Then,thenextdayIwentonmylongestrun-15miles.Tobehonest,I

44it!Betweenthegirlmakingmy45seemsmallandthepureboredomofjogging,Idecidedthat

theonly46I'deverrunagainisifabigdogwasrunningafterme!

SoI47cycling.Igotagoodbikeandrodealot.I48ofenteringcycleracesuntilIflewto

SanDiegotovisitmysister.Whileshewasatworkoneday,I49herbikeandwentforaride.The

50:theroadstherewentthroughlargevalleyswhereI'dberidinguphillformilesatatime.Tdneverfaced

such51.Thatday,Igot52byabout100"local“bikerswhowereusedtosuchroads.WhenIgot

backhome,suddenlyridingmybikedidn'tseemquiteas53.

I've54alotsincethen.Tvecometoacceptthatwhatever55Isetformyself,theyjusthave

tobemyown.

41.A.knewB.heldC.wonD.quit

42.A.regularlyB.silentlyC.proudlyD.recently

43.A.askingB.lookingC.waitingD.training

44.A.madeB.believedC.hatedD.deserved

45.A.advantageB.achievementC.contributionD.influence

46.A.wayB.riskC.placeD.reason

47.A.gaveupB.wentonC.turnedtoD.dealtwith

48.A.heardB.dreamedC.complainedD.approved

49.A.paintedB.borrowedC.boughtD.parked

50.A.problemB.secretC.principleD.advice

51.A.dangersB.eventsC.opponentsD.challenges

52.A.passedB.convincedC.admiredD.stopped

53.A.reliableB.convenientC.familiarD.appealing

54.A.traveledB.maturedC.missedD.worried

55.A.limitsB.datesC.goalsD.tests

（2024年新課標(biāo)高考英語II卷）

WhenIdecidedtobuyahouseinEuropetenyearsago,Ididn'tthinktoolong.IlikedtravelinginFrance,but

whenitcametopickingmyfavoritespotto___21___,Italywastheclearwinner.

DuringmyfirstvisittoItaly,I___22___toaskfordirectionsororderinarestaurant.ButeverytimeItriedto

___23___asentenceofItaliantogether,thelocalssmiledatmeand___24___mylanguageskills.That

encouragementhelpedmetogetthroughthelanguage___25___.AfterImadeItalymypermanenthome,I

discoveredhow___26___Italiansare.Neighborswillbringmefreshlymadecheeseandwillcometomydoorto

___27___metoclosethewindowinmycarwhenrainiscoming.Itsthesesmall___28___ofkindnessthatmakea

newcountryfeellikehome.

Asafoodie,thewaytomyheartisthroughmystomach,andnowherefuelsmy___29___quitelikeItaly.Each

townhasitsowntraditional30,andeveryfamilykeepsarecipepassedfromonegenerationtoanother.

Families31forbigmealsonSundays,birthdays,andwhateverotherexcusestheycan32.These

mealsarealways33bylaughterandjoy.Whatever34____lifeinItalymighthave,theproblemsare

35onceyousitdowntoabigmealwithfriendsandfamily.

21.A.studyB.rentC.visitD.settle

22.A.plannedB.struggledC.refusedD.happened

23.A.stringB.hangC.mixD.match

24.A.improvedB.assessedC.admiredD.praised

25.A.courseB.barrierC.areaD.test

26.A.open-mindedB.strong-willedC.warm-heartedD.well-informed

27.A.remindB.allowC.persuadeD.order

28.A.tricksB.promisesC.actsD.duties

29.A.ambitionB.successC.appetiteD.growth

30.A.costumeB.dishC.symbolD.tale

31.A.gatherB.cheerC.leaveD.wait

32.A.putupwithB.standupforC.comeupwithD.makeupfor

33.A.signaledB.confirmedC.representedD.accompanied

34.A.disadvantagesB.meaningsC.surprisesD.opportunities

35.A.createdB.forgottenC.understoodD.identified

（2024年1月浙江省高考英語首考卷）

Whiletakinga20-hourtrainridealongtheedgeoftheTaklimakanDesertinnorthwesternChina,Ihadthekind

ofhumbling,educational,andaboveallelse,wonderful21withalocalthatalltravelerslongfor.Ayoung

Chineseman22meonthetrain.My23friendspokevirtuallynoEnglish,soIhappilytookthe

24topracticemyChinese.

Overseveralhours,hewouldtellmeabouthowhehad25atwo-yearprofessionalschooltoquickly

findajob26highwaysinordertohelpsupporthisfamily.Perhapsthemost27,however,wasthe

factthatthismanspenthoursstudyingeverydayafterhardphysicallabor.Withoutbattinganeye,hewould

28atranslatedEmersonpassagebeforeaskingabouttheliteraryinfluenceofAmerican29asa

whole.9,AndwhatdoyoualllearnaboutRussianauthors?^^I30himaskingatonepoint.

Itwouldhavebeeneasyto31myassumptionsaboutthishighwaybuilderwhohadneverbeenmore

thanafewhundredmilesfromhome.Butthishighlyinformed,32,andadmirablepersonpreventedme

doingso.Inthecourseofacoupleofhours,he33mejusthowmuchonecangainfrom34with

anopenmind,andawillingnessto35withlocalsfromallwalksoflife.

21.experimentB.encounterC.competitionD.appointment

22.treatedB.savedC.lecturedD.approached

23.trueB.so-calledC.newD.long-lost

24.chanceB.adviceC.troubleD.right

25.visitedB.financedC.attendedD.founded

26.buildingB.sweepingC.checkingD.guarding

27.typicalB.obviousC.naturalD.remarkable

28.publishB.quoteC.copyD.download

29.writersB.historiansC.workersD.students

30.A.anticipateB.imagineC.recallD.catch

31.lookintoB.relyonC.gooverD.dealwith

32.well-behavedB.multi-skilledC.warm-heartedD.self-educated

33.askedB.warnedC.showedD.promised

34.travelingB.readingC.searchingD.teaching

35.cooperateB.sideC.negotiateD.engage

變式演練

A

（24-25高三上?湖南長沙?階段練習(xí)）Attheageofthree,afterwatchingtheWonderlandDancing

Company'sperformance,Isaidtomymother,ccMama,whenIgrowup,I'mgoingtobeoneofthose!??Itwasthe

firsttimethatmy]tookonavividformandactedassomethingimportanttostartmytraining.AsIgrew

olderandwas2tomore,myinterestsintheworldofdance3variedbutthatlittlegirl'sdreamof

somedaybecomingadancerinthecompanyneverleftme.Inthesummerof2015whenIwas18,Ireceivedthe

phonecallwhichmadethatdreama4:1becameamemberofthecompany5backto1925.

AsIlookbackonthatdaynow,itsurely6anysenseofreality.IbelieveIstayedinastateofpleasant

disbeliefuntilIwashalfwaythroughrehearsals（排練）onmyfirstday.Ineveractually7togetthejob.

Afterbeingofferedtheposition,Iwascompletely8.1remembershakingwithexcitement.

ThoughIwasabsolutelythrilledwiththechance,itdidnotcomewithoutitsfairshareof9.Through

thestrictrehearsalperiodofdancingsixdaysaweek,Ifounditvitalto10thematerialfastwitheverylast

bitofconcentration.Itisthatextreme11todetailandstressonpracticethatsetus12.Tothen

followthosehigh-energyrehearsalswithabusyshowscheduleofuptofiveperformancesaday,Idiscovereda

newmeaningofthewords“hardwork”.WhatIthoughtweremyphysical13werepushedmuchfurther

thanIthought14.1learnedtomakeeachperformancebetterthanthelast.

Today,whenIlookattheunbelievablecompanythatIhavethegreathonorofbeingapartof,notonlyasa

member,butasadancecaptain,Iseea15thathasinspirednotonlygenerationsoflittlegirlsbutasplendid

companythatcontinuestodevelopandgrow-andinspirespeopleeverydaytofollowtheirdreams.

1.A.hobbyB.planC.dreamD.word

2.A.connectedB.expandedC.exposedD.extended

3.A.rarelyB.certainlyC.probablyD.never

4.A.symbolB.memoryC.truthD.reality

5.A.bouncingB.datingC.turningD.tracking

6.A.lacksB.addsC.makesD.brings

7.A.caredB.expectedC.askedD.decided

8.A.motivatedB.relaxedC.convincedD.astonished

9.A.challengesB.profitsC.advantagesD.adventures

10.A.putupB.mixupC.buildupD.pickup

11.A.attentionB.associationC.attractionD.adaptation

12.A.asideB.apartC.offD.back

13.A.boundariesB.problemsC.barriersD.efforts

14.A.necessaryB.perfectC.properD.possible

15.A.victoryB.trendC.traditionD.surprise

B

（24-25高三上?重慶?階段練習(xí)）InPhiladelphiaonaThursdayinJuly,52-year-oldChristineKingwas

hurryingtoherjob.Ortryingto.Thetrafficontheroadwas16,一nosurpriseforthisstretchofhighway

atrushhour.Whenshepulledintotheexitlane,shenoticedamanandwomanbesideastoppedvehicleina/an

17.Thewomantriedto18themanashemovedtowardstheguard-rail（護(hù)欄）overlookinga40-foot

dropwithsomethinginhisarms.Thenhe19tothrowitovertherail.Thewomanstruggledtopullthe

manbackfromthe20.

ItwaswhenKingrealizeditwasa21inhisarms.Shehurriedoutofthecaranddashedtotheman

attheriskofbeingpushedofftherail.Againandagainshegraspeditbutcouldnot22it.Thenthesound

ofsirens-apolicemanarrivedhisweapondrawn.Thoughpanicky,themanhadnotyetdonethe23,but

onewrongwordormovementcouldpushhimtoextremes.ThenextthingKingknewwasthattheofficerwason

theman,grabbinghisarm.Thiswasthemomentwhenallwouldbe24-eitherhewouldthrowhislittle

girlovertherailinafinalact,orsomeonewouldgettheirhandsonthechildfirst.Inthechaos,King25to

gettheterrifiedbabyback.

Throughsobs,hermother26whathadhappened:abreakup,anewapartmentandanattempted

freshstart.Thenthemanhadfoundthemandforcedthemintothecar.Howthey27thereonthebridge

wasn'tquiteclear.Buttheyweresafenow.Themanwaslaterproved28andwouldbesentencedtoupto

23monthsinprison.

ManyhavewonderedatKing's29.Asamotheroffive,shesaidababy'slifewasatriskandthat

was30enough.

16.A.thickB.thinC.lightD.smooth

17.A.hurryB.argumentC.conversationD.chat

18.A.pushB.ignorec.angerD.block

19.A.pretendedB.beggedc.threatenedD.agreed

20.A.topB.centerc.edgeD.corner

21.A.dollB.packagec.babyD.weapon

22.A.approachB.catchC.placeD.free

23.A.uncertainB.unthinkableC.unrealisticD.unpleasant

24.A.resolvedB.complicatedC.startedD.messed

25.A.attemptedB.managedC.failedD.hoped

26.A.deliveredB.disbelievedC.regrettedD.inferred

27.A.endedupB.brokeawayC.cameacrossD.madeup

28.A.riskyB.rudeC.guiltyD.innocent

29.A.loyaltyB.braveryC.strengthD.wisdom

30.A.courageB.troubleC.reasonD.time

c

（24-25高三上?河1匕甘K鄲?階段練習(xí)）Atfive,DallasSalaswasdiagnosedwithleukemia（白血病）.Now

this18-year-oldhasgraduatedfromArizonaStateUniversity（ASU）withabachelor'sdegreeinmedicine.

Speakingofhis31,herecalledlivingthroughthe32moments,sharing,“Itwastrulya

heartbreakingexperience.I33rememberstayingupatnights,crying.9,

Salassaidthatthe34heexperiencedfromtheearly-ageleukemiadiagnosisservedasinspirations

forhimto35hiseducationinthemedicalfields.t4Ihaveaparttoplayindefeatingleukemia,hesaid."I

36wanttofindahands-onapproachtohelpingotherpeopledealwithdiseases.Despite37hislife's

challenge,Salascontinuedworkinghardtowardshis38withtheresultthathewasadmittedintoASUat

age13.

Salasowedhissuccesstohismom,“Somymomwasagreat39,andshereallyinspiredmetokeep

itgoing."Hesaidanotherpersonwho40himincollegewashisteacher,XavierCelaya.41his

experiencesworkingwithSalas,Celayaoncesaid,"'Wheneverhedidn't42something,he'dalwaysask

forclarification,whichisa43notmanystudentshave.I'malways44tohelphim.Iwitnessed

hisrapidgrowth.^^

Salasalwaysstandsbywhathe45,“Ifyou9regoingthroughbadexperiences,remember:lifeisonly

10%ofwhathappenstoyouand90%ofwhatyoumakeofit.”

31.A.independenceB.graduationC.responsibilityD.employment

32.A.commonB.boringC.confusingD.tough

33.A.stillB.seldomC.hopefullyD.finally

34.A.purposesB.painsC.changesD.memories

35.A.controlB.questionC.pursueD.confirm

36.A.randomlyB.suddenlyC.slightlyD.definitely

37.A.sufferingfromB.knowingaboutC.adaptingtoD.dependingon

38.A.adventureB.goalC.standardD.support

39.A.motivatorB.managerC.designerD.actress

40.A.amusedB.surprisedC.influencedD.comforted

41.A.RecordingB.DiscussingC.RealizingD.Examining

42.A.rememberB.communicateC.overcomeD.understand

43.A.talentB.challengeC.qualityD.condition

44.A.freeB.nervous