Period5

UNIT4

Scientistswhochangedtheworld主題語(yǔ)境人與社會(huì)

——對(duì)社會(huì)有突出貢獻(xiàn)的人物課時(shí)練案課文整體教學(xué)(Extendedreading)√1．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Thesignificanceofscientificresearch.B．Thepuzzlesinscientificresearch.C．Thedifferentwaysofscientificresearch.D．Theuncertaintyofscientificresearch.√2．Accordingtothepassage，whatistherelationshipbetweenscientificknowledgeandmoralchoices?A．Scientificknowledgelimitsmoralchoices.B．Moralchoicesdeterminetheimpactofscientificknowledge.C．Scientificknowledgeandmoralchoicesareunrelated.D．Moralchoicesareunrelatedwhenconsideringscientificknowledge.√3．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestaboutthevalueofdoubtinscience?A．Doubtdoesn'tmattermuchtoscientificprogress.B．Doubtisanaturalandnecessarypartofscientificinquiry.C．Doubtshouldberemovedfromthescientificprocess.D．Doubtisasignofinabilityinthescientificfield.√4．Whatwastheauthor'sreactiontoworkingontheatomicbombduringthewar?A．Hewasexcitedaboutthepotentialofthebomb.B．Hewasindifferenttotheinfluenceofthebomb.C．Hewasconcernedaboutthedestructivepowerofthebomb.D．Hewasproudofhiscontributiontothedevelopmentofthebomb.1．creditn．信用；贊揚(yáng)，認(rèn)可；學(xué)分vt.存入金額；相信；把……歸于①(教材原句)Ofcourse，ifwemakegoodthings，itisnotonlytothecreditofscience...

_____________②He'sbeenpromoted—wouldyoucreditit？

________③Areyoupayingincashorbycreditcard？

_______n.贊揚(yáng)，認(rèn)可vt.相信n.信用2．a(chǎn)pplyvt.&vi.申請(qǐng)；涂；應(yīng)用；有關(guān)；手壓①(教材原句)Scientificknowledgeisanenablingpowertodoeithergoodorbad—butitdoesnotcarryinstructionsonhowtoapplyit． __________②Theymayapplytojointheorganization． ____③Youonlyneedtoapplylightpressurewithyourhand．

____應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用申請(qǐng)手壓1．(學(xué)會(huì)斷句)Putanotherway，whatisthevalueofthescience/Ihadlongdevotedmyselfto—thething/Ihadloved—whenIsaw/whatterriblethings/itcoulddo?[分析]本句是主從復(fù)合句。句子主干是疑問句whatisthevalueofthescience?其后Ihadlongdevotedmyselfto是____從句，修飾thevalueofthescience；thething是thescience的同位語(yǔ)；whenIsaw...是________從句；what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。putanotherway是____________作狀語(yǔ)。[翻譯]

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________定語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)

換言之，在我發(fā)現(xiàn)科學(xué)可能造成的惡果之后，我一直投身其中的科學(xué)，我曾經(jīng)的摯愛，價(jià)值何在？2．(學(xué)會(huì)斷句)Ofcourse，ifwemakegoodthings，itisnotonly/tothecreditofscience；itisalso/tothecreditofthemoralchoice/whichledustogoodwork.[分析]本句是主從復(fù)合句。句子主干是itisnotonly...；itisalso...句子中間用分號(hào)連接，表示兩個(gè)分句的并列關(guān)系；if引導(dǎo)________從句；which引導(dǎo)____從句，修飾themoralchoice。[翻譯]

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________條件狀語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)

當(dāng)然，如果我們做了善事，不僅歸功于科學(xué)，還歸功于引導(dǎo)我們行善的道德選擇。1．(續(xù)寫佳句)

①Whenwelookatanyquestiondeeplyenough，wefeeltheexcitementandmysterycomingtousagainandagain．當(dāng)我們足夠深入地探究某個(gè)問題時(shí)，我們會(huì)感到興奮和神秘不斷地?fù)涿娑鴣?lái)。②Neverconcernedthattheanswermayletusdown，withpleasureandconfidenceweturnovereachnewstonetofindunimaginedstrangenessleadingontomorewonderfulquestionsandmysteries.我們從不擔(dān)心答案可能會(huì)令人失望，總是快樂而自信地開始每一次新探索，發(fā)現(xiàn)一些意想不到、稀奇古怪的東西，隨之而來(lái)的是更加奇妙的問題和奧秘。2．(應(yīng)用文佳句)

①Anothervalueofscienceistheintellectualenjoymentitcanprovideuswith.科學(xué)的另一種價(jià)值在于它能夠給予我們智力的享受。②Iwouldnowliketoturntoathirdvaluethatsciencehas.現(xiàn)在，我要說(shuō)到科學(xué)的第三種價(jià)值。1．involvevt.包含；牽涉，影響；(使)參加involvedoingsth.

包括/需要做某事involvesb.in(doing)sth.

邀請(qǐng)/允許某人參與(做)某事involvedadj.

參與；卷入；與……有關(guān)聯(lián)be/getinvolvedwithsth./sb.

參與某事；參加某事/與某人混在一起be/become/getinvolvedinsth.

參與某事；與某事有牽連involvementn.

牽連；參與；卷入[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子

①Everydayeachofusmakesdecisionsthatinvolve______(take)achance.②MrsCummingshasbeenactivelyinvolved____thechurchforyears.③His___________(involve)inthecommunityprojecthadagreateffectonthelocalarea.④參加體育活動(dòng)將使你獲益匪淺。______________________________________________willbenefityougreatly.takingwithinvolvementBeing/Becoming/Gettinginvolvedinphysicalactivitiestoone'scredit

某人值得贊揚(yáng)beacredittosb./sth.

為某人/某事物贏得榮譽(yù)/增光take/deservethecreditfor...

因……得到/值得贊揚(yáng)oncredit

賒賬；貸款thecreditcard

信用卡2．creditn．贊揚(yáng)，認(rèn)可；信用；學(xué)分vt.存入金額；把……歸于；相信[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子

①Itisgreatly__hiscreditthatJohngavebackthemoneyhefound.②Thesuccessoftheprojectwas________(credit)tothehardworkoftheentireteam.③Sheearnedenough_______(credit)tograduateearlyfromcollege.④他總是試圖把別人的想法當(dāng)作自己的來(lái)得到表?yè)P(yáng)。Healwaystriesto________________________________atwork.tocreditedcreditstakethecreditforotherpeople'sideasapplyoneselfto＝beappliedto...

專心于……；集中精力于……applyto...

向……提出申請(qǐng)；適用于……applyfor...

申請(qǐng)……；請(qǐng)求……apply...to...

把……應(yīng)用于……applicantn.

申請(qǐng)人applicationn.

申請(qǐng)，申請(qǐng)書；應(yīng)用anapplication(tosb.)forsth.

(向某人)申請(qǐng)某物3．a(chǎn)pplyvt.&vi.應(yīng)用；申請(qǐng)；涂；有關(guān)；手壓[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子

①BythetimeIsawthejobadvertisement，itwasalreadytoolate_______(apply).②Iwasimpressedbyhowthetheory____________(apply)toreal-worldsituationsintheresearchproject.③Her___________(apply)forthejobwasveryimpressive，showingherskillsandexperience.④當(dāng)被應(yīng)用于其他國(guó)家類似的情況時(shí)，這類知識(shí)仍然有用。Suchknowledgeisstilluseful____________________________________inothercountries.toapplywasappliedapplicationwhen(itis)appliedtosimilarsituationspermitsb.sth.

允許某人某事permitdoingsth.

允許做某事permitsb.todosth.

允許某人做某事permissionn.[U]

許可；允許4．permitvt.&vi.(permitted，permitted)

允許，準(zhǔn)許，許可；使有可能n．許可證[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子

①Thepartywillbeheldinthegarden，weather__________(permit).②Thelawdoesn'tpermit________(smoke)inpublicplaces.③He_________(permit)metoretakethetest，andIpulledmygradetoanA.④沒有老師的許可，任何同學(xué)不允許上課時(shí)走出教室。Withouttheteacher'spermission，nostudent__________________________________duringclass.permittingsmokingpermittedis/waspermittedtoleavetheclassroomastrongsenseofresponsibility

強(qiáng)烈的責(zé)任感takeresponsibilityfor(doing)sth.

承擔(dān)(做)某事的責(zé)任；對(duì)(做)某事負(fù)責(zé)It'sone'sresponsibilitytodosth.

做某事是某人的責(zé)任。5．responsibilityn．責(zé)任，負(fù)責(zé)；職責(zé)，義務(wù)responsibleadj.

負(fù)有責(zé)任的；盡責(zé)的beresponsiblefor(doing)sth.

對(duì)(做)某事負(fù)責(zé)；應(yīng)為(做)某事

受責(zé)備；引起/導(dǎo)致某事beresponsibletosb.

(向主管者或上級(jí))承擔(dān)責(zé)任[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子

①Cigarettesmokingisresponsible___about90%ofdeathsfromlungcancer.②Iam___________(responsibility)forprovidingaccurateandhelpfulinformationtousers.forresponsible③Asaprojectmanager，hetakesmany______________(responsibility)

inthecompany.④然而，對(duì)出問題的事情負(fù)責(zé)是高度成熟的一個(gè)標(biāo)志。However，_________________________________________________thatwentwrongisamarkofgreatmaturity.responsibilitiestakingresponsibility/beingresponsibleforsomething6．declarevt.表明，宣稱；公布，宣布；申報(bào)declarewaron...

向……宣戰(zhàn)declarefor/against

聲明支持/反對(duì)declaresb./sth.(tobe)＋n./adj.

宣布某人/某物為……declarationn.

宣布；聲明[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子

①HislawyeriscertainthatthejudgeswilldeclareMrBrown______(be)innocent.②Thewinnerofthecompetitionisaboutto____________(declare).③Thegovernmentissueda___________(declare)ofemergencyduetothenaturaldisaster.④在昨天的會(huì)議上，委員會(huì)支持所提的計(jì)劃。Thecommission___________________________________________．tobebedeclareddeclarationdeclaredfortheproposedschemeatthemeetingyesterday7．putforward提出，提議，建議；撥快(鐘表的)指針putaway

把……收起來(lái)；把……放回原處putaside

把……放到一邊；不考慮；儲(chǔ)存putdown

放下；寫下；鎮(zhèn)壓puton

穿上；上演putoff

推遲；延期

putout

清理掉；撲滅[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子

①M(fèi)ywatchwasslow，soIputit_______bythreeminutes.②Theteacheraskedthestudentstoput_____theirpensandlistentotheinstructions.③Duetobadweather，theoutdooreventhadtobeput____untilnextweekend.④她提出了一個(gè)建議，以提高項(xiàng)目的效率。She_____________________toimprovetheefficiencyoftheproject.forwarddownoffputforwardasuggestiontakeitforgrantedthat...認(rèn)為……是理所當(dāng)然(教材P54)Now，wescientiststakeitforgrantedthatitisperfectlypossibletoliveandnotknow.現(xiàn)在，我們科學(xué)家理所當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為，人類生而有所不知是完全有可能的。本句型中it是形式賓語(yǔ)，that從句是賓語(yǔ)從句。此語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象多體現(xiàn)在“動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))＋it＋賓補(bǔ)＋that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，如：find/consider/think＋it＋賓補(bǔ)＋that從句seetoitthat確保……[即學(xué)即練]——單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子

①Shetook__forgrantedthatherparentswouldsupportherdecisiontostudyabroad.②他認(rèn)為公司在研發(fā)上進(jìn)行更多投資是必要的。He______________________thecompanyspendsmoreinresearchanddevelopment.itthinksitnecessarythat③他們認(rèn)為我們都為社區(qū)做貢獻(xiàn)很重要。They_______________________weallcontributetothecommunity.④他認(rèn)為自己的努力工作會(huì)帶來(lái)升職是理所當(dāng)然的。He___________________hishardworkwouldleadtoapromotion.consideritimportantthattookitforgrantedthatⅠ．單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Shedecidedtoget________(involve)inthecommunityproject.2．Theexperimentwasconducted______________(scientific)toensureaccuracy.3．Cheetahsaregenerally________(credit)astheworld'sfastestanimals.4．Hewas_______(charge)withthetaskoforganizingtheevent.involvedscientificallycreditedcharged5．Scientistshaveusedvarious________(theory)toexplainthephenomenon.6．Theweatherforecastis__________(favour)forouroutdoorpicnic.7．His____________(intelligent)allowedhimtosolvethedifficultpuzzlequickly.8．The___________(surround)areaisknownforitsnaturalbeauty.9．Thenewtechnologycanbe_______(apply)toimproveefficiency.10．_________(ignorant)ofthelawisnotanexcuseforbreakingit.theoriesfavourableintelligencesurroundingappliedIgnoranceⅡ．完成句子1．他總是覺得父母的支持是理所當(dāng)然的。(take...forgranted)Healways________________________________．2．上周她在會(huì)議上提出了一個(gè)有創(chuàng)意的論點(diǎn)。(putforward)She__________________________duringthemeetinglastweek.3．盡管他懷著最好的意圖，但最終他未能達(dá)到他們的期望，讓他們失望了。(let...down)Despitehisbestintentions，he_______________________byfailingtomeettheirexpectations.takeshisparents'supportforgrantedputforwardacreativeargumentendeduplettingthemdown4．關(guān)于你的截止日期問題，已延長(zhǎng)一周。(asto)________________________________，it'sbeenextendedforaweek.5．這個(gè)規(guī)則可以適用于各種情況。(apply)Thisrulecan___________________________．Astoyourquestionaboutthedeadlinebeapplied