項目2排水管道開槽施工Section10 ConstrucitonofDrainagePipelineWorks2.1.1城市排水工程基本認知2.1.1BasicUnderstandingofUrbanDrainageEngineering一、污水的分類I.ClassificationofSewage在使用過程中受到了不同程度的污染，改變了原來的化學成分和物理性質(zhì)的水，叫污水。Waterthathasundergonevaryingdegreesofpollutionduringuse,alteringitsoriginalchemicalcompositionandphysicalproperties,iscalledsewage.生活污水DomesticSewage工業(yè)廢水IndustrialWastewater按來源分ClassifiedbySource降水Precipitation城市污水UrbanSewage2.1.1城市排水工程基本認知2.1.1BasicUnderstandingofUrbanDrainageEngineering一、污水的分類I.ClassificationofSewage生活污水——人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪杏眠^的水，廁所、浴室、盥洗、廚房、食堂和洗衣房。DomesticSewage—Waterusedindailylife,fromtoilets,bathrooms,washrooms,kitchens,dininghalls,andlaundries.來源：住宅、公共場所、機關、學校、醫(yī)院、商店以及工廠中的生活間部分。Sources:Residences,publicplaces,governmentoffices,schools,hospitals,shops,andtheresidentialpartsoffactories.特點：含有較多的有機物。Characteristics:Containsalargeamountoforganicmatter.2.1.1城市排水工程基本認知2.1.1BasicUnderstandingofUrbanDrainageEngineering一、污水的分類I.ClassificationofSewage工業(yè)廢水——工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中排出的廢水。IndustrialWastewater—Wastewaterdischargedduringindustrialproduction.來源：各類工礦企業(yè)。Sources:Variousindustrialandminingenterprises.特點：成分復雜，受工業(yè)生產(chǎn)性質(zhì)和工藝過程的影響明顯，水量和水質(zhì)變化大，對環(huán)境的危害大。Characteristics:Complexcomposition,significantlyinfluencedbythenatureofindustrialproductionandprocesses,withlargevariationsinwaterquantityandquality,andconsiderableenvironmentalimpact.2.1.1城市排水工程基本認知2.1.1BasicUnderstandingofUrbanDrainageEngineering一、污水的分類I.ClassificationofSewage

降水——指大氣降水，包括雨、雪、雹、霜等。一般降水指的是雨水。Precipitation—Referstoatmosphericprecipitation,includingrain,snow,hail,andfrost.Precipitationgenerallyreferstorainwater.雨水特點：CharacteristicsofRainwater:一般比較清潔、徑流量大。必須及時排泄，是排水的主要對象之一。Generallyclean,withalargerunoffvolume.Mustbedischargedpromptlyandisoneoftheprimarytargetsofdrainage.降雨初期徑流的雨水由于會附帶地面和屋面上的各種污染物質(zhì)，使其受到污染，應予以重視。Theinitialrunoffofrainwatermaycarryvariouspollutantsfromsurfacesandrooftops,causingcontamination,whichshouldbegivenattention.二、城市排水系統(tǒng)的組成II.CompositionofUrbanDrainageSystems2.1.1城市排水工程基本知識2.1.1BasicKnowledgeofUrbanDrainageEngineering2.1.1城市排水工程基本知識2.1.1BasicKnowledgeofUrbanDrainageEngineering市政污水管道系統(tǒng)總平面示意GeneralPlanofMunicipalSewagePipelineSystem1—城市邊界；2—排水流域邊界；3—支管；4—干管；5—主干管；6—總泵站；7—壓力管道；8—城市污水廠；9—出水口；10—事故排出口；11—工廠1—CityBoundary;2—DrainageBasinBoundary;3—BranchPipeline;4—MainPipeline;5—TrunkPipeline;6—MainPumpStation;7—PressurePipeline;8—UrbanSewagePlant;9—Outfall;10—EmergencyDischargePoint;11—Factory小區(qū)污水管道系統(tǒng)平面示意PlanofResidentialSewagePipelineSystem1—小區(qū)水管道；2—檢查井；3—出戶管；4—控制井；5—市政污水管道；6—市政污水檢查井；7—小區(qū)主干管1—ResidentialWaterPipeline;2—InspectionWell;3—HouseholdPipeline;4—ControlWell;5—MunicipalSewagePipeline;6—MunicipalSewageInspectionWell;7—ResidentialTrunkPipeline二、城市排水系統(tǒng)的組成——污水系統(tǒng)II.CompositionofUrbanDrainageSystems—SewageSystemRiver2.1.1城市排水工程基本知識2.1.1BasicKnowledgeofUrbanDrainageEngineering二、城市排水系統(tǒng)的組成——雨水系統(tǒng)II.CompositionofUrbanDrainageSystems—RainwaterSystem降落在屋面上的雨水由天溝和雨水斗收集，通過落水管輸送到地面，與降落在地面上的雨水一起形成地面徑流，然后經(jīng)過雨水口收集流入小區(qū)的雨水管道系統(tǒng)，經(jīng)過小區(qū)的雨水管道系統(tǒng)流入市政雨水管道系統(tǒng)，然后通過出水口排放。因此雨水管道系統(tǒng)包括小區(qū)雨水管道系統(tǒng)和市政雨水管道系統(tǒng)兩部分。Rainwaterfallingonrooftopsiscollectedbyguttersandrainwaterhoppers,transportedtothegroundviadownpipes,andcombineswithrainwateronthegroundtoformsurfacerunoff,whichisthencollectedbyrainwaterinlets,flowsintotheresidentialrainwaterpipelinesystem,andthenintothemunicipalrainwaterpipelinesystem,beforebeingdischargedthroughoutfalls.Therefore,therainwaterpipelinesystemincludestwoparts:theresidentialrainwaterpipelinesystemandthemunicipalrainwaterpipelinesystem.2.1.1城市排水工程基本知識2.1.1BasicKnowledgeofUrbanDrainageEngineering圖雨水管道系統(tǒng)Diagram:RainwaterPipelineSystem1、2、3、4、5—建筑物；6—生活污水管道；7—生產(chǎn)污水管道；8—生產(chǎn)廢水與雨水管道；9—雨水口；10—污水泵站；11—廢水處理站；12—出水口；13—事故排出口；14—雨水出水口；15—壓力管道1,2,3,4,5—Buildings;6—DomesticSewagePipeline;7—IndustrialSewagePipeline;8—IndustrialWastewaterandRainwaterPipeline;9—RainwaterInlet;