ICS

49.140

CCS

V70

中華人民共和國國家標準

GB/T44316—2024

空間物體監測數據規范

Spaceobjectsobservationdataspecification

2024-08-23發布2024-12-01實施

國家市場監督管理總局發布

國家標準化管理委員會

GB/T44316—2024

目次

前言

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Ⅲ

1

范圍

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1

2

規范性引用文件

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1

3

術語和定義

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1

4

監測數據結構

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2

5

元數據要素

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2

6

數據體要素

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4

6.1

通則

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4

6.2

空間物體光學監測數據體要素

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5

6.3

空間物體激光監測數據體要素

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6

6.4

空間物體雷達監測數據體要素

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7

6.5

數據體的可選要素

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8

附錄A（資料性）

空間物體監測數據規范示例

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12

A.1

空間物體光學監測數據必備要素示例

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12

A.2

空間物體激光監測數據必備要素示例

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12

A.3

空間物體雷達監測數據必備要素示例

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13

A.4

空間物體光學監測數據必備要素和可選要素示例

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14

A.5

空間物體天基光學監測數據必備要素和可選要素示例

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14

A.6

空間物體激光監測數據必備要素和可選要素示例

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15

A.7

空間物體雷達監測數據必備要素和可選要素示例

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16

參考文獻

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18

Ⅰ

GB/T44316—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標準化工作導則第1部分：標準化文件的結構和起草規則》的規

定起草。

請注意本文件的某些內容可能涉及專利。本文件的發布機構不承擔識別專利的責任。

本文件由全國宇航技術及其應用標準化技術委員會（SAC/TC425）提出并歸口。

本文件起草單位：中國科學院國家天文臺、中國航天標準化研究所、北京跟蹤與通信技術研究所。

本文件主要起草人：劉靜、程昊文、李大衛、江海、張耀、曹莉、李恭強、泉浩芳、王鯤鵬、

趙南英。

Ⅲ

GB/T44316—2024

空間物體監測數據規范

1范圍

本文件規定了包括繞地球運動的航天器、運載火箭、空間碎片，以及其他繞某天體運動的人造空間

物體和繞太陽運動的近地小行星在內的空間物體監測數據的要素、編排格式、數據結構及說明。

本文件適用于由天地基光學望遠鏡、激光測距望遠鏡和雷達等監測設備觀測獲取的測角、測距、測

速、光度等空間物體監測數據的產生、傳輸、存儲和使用。

2規范性引用文件

下列文件中的內容通過文中的規范性引用而構成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，僅該日期對應的版本適用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改單）適用

于本文件。

GB/T7408.1—2023日期和時間信息交換表示法第1部分：基本原則

GB/T16831—2013基于坐標的地理點位置標準表示法

3術語和定義

下列術語和定義適用于本文件。

3.1

J2000.0參考系J2000.0referencesystem

以地球質心為原點，歷元J2000.0平赤道為XY平面，歷元J2000.0平春分點為X軸指向的右手參

考系。

3.2

地心天球參考系geocentriccelestialreferencesystem；GCRS

以地球質心為原點，由2000年國際天文學聯合會（IAU）決議B1.3定義的右手參考系。

注：GCRS坐標軸指向與J2000.0參考系靠近，相差約為0.02〞。

3.3

地平坐標系horizontalcoordinatesystem

以監測設備所在位置為原點，以此點所在地鉛垂線的背離地心方向為Z軸方向、北向為X軸方向、

東向為Y軸方向的坐標系。

3.4

國際地球參考系internationalterrestrialreferencesystem；ITRS

以地球質心為原點，地球赤道面為XY平面，本初子午線為X軸指向的右手參考系，與地球自轉嚴

格同步，是由國際地球自轉服務（IERS）負責定義和實現