UsinglanguageⅠP65Unit6Survival新外研選擇性必修Book2

LearningobjectivesInthisclass,youwilldistinguishtheusageofadverbialclauseswith-everandnomatterbyanalysingthesentencesfromreadingpassage；practiseusingadverbialclauseswith-everandnomattercorrectly.1.Nomatterhow

many

crimes

he

committed,

the

police

werepowerless

to

arrest

him.

2.However

they

adapt

to

our

ways

of

urbanliving,it's

importantthat

we

get

a

betterunderstanding

of

and

even

learn

to

appreciateour

wild

neighbours.

3.Wherever

theygo,

animals

find

towns

and

cities

in

their

way.

Findoutadverbialclauseswith-everandnomatterinthereadingpassage.aWherevertheygo,animalsfindtownsandcities

intheirway.bAnimalsalwaysfindtownsandcitiesintheir

wayastheygo.What'sthedifferencebetweenthesentencesineachgroup?Thedifferencebetweenthesentencesineachgroupisthatsentences(a)and(c)aremoreemphatic.Sentences(b)and(d)statefactswithoutanyparticularemphasis.c

Nomatterhowmanycrimeshecommitted,the

policewerepowerlesstoarresthim.dEventhoughhecommittedmanycrimes,thepolicewerepowerlesstoarresthim.Theybothmeanthatsomethingistrueorhappensinallcircumstances.Theauthorusessentences(a)and(c)tostressthatanimalscannotavoidtownsandcitiesencroachingupontheirhabitats,andthatthepolicehadnopowertoarrestthethief,regardlessofhiscrimes.Whatisthemeaningof-everandnomatter?Whydoestheauthorchoosetousesentences(a)and(c)?Whatotherwordscanbecombinedwith-everandnomattertoformadverbialclauses?whoevernomatterwhowhenevernomatterwhenwhichevernomatterwhichwherevernomatterwherewhatevernomatterwhathowevernomatterhowwhomevernomatterwhom

“疑問詞+-ever”和“nomatter+疑問詞”的語義相同，都意為“無論……，不管……”，在句中起強調、加強語氣的作用。Adverbialclauseswith-everandnomatter

①“疑問詞+-ever”引導主語從句或賓語從句時，從句要用陳述語序;

引導讓步狀語從句時要用一般時來表示將來。例:Howeverlatesheis,Iwillwaitforher.

無論多晚，我都會等她。例1：Whoeverbreaksthelaw,willbepunished.

無論誰違法，都會受到懲罰。

例2：Whereveryougo,I'llfollowyou.

無論你去哪兒，我都會跟著你。②

however引導讓步狀語從句時，從句結構為:however+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語。③

有時候還可以省略從句中的be動詞及相應的主語。例：I'dratherhavearoomofmyown,nomatterhowsmall(itis),thansharewithothers.無論房間多小，我都想擁有自己的房間，而不是跟別人合住。④“疑問詞+-ever”和“nomatter+疑問詞”一般不與why連用，表示“無論什么原因”時一般用whateverthereason結構。例：Whateverthereason,youshouldapologise.

無論是什么原因，你都應該道歉。⑤“疑問詞+-ever”和“nomatter+疑問詞”在任何情況下都能相互替換嗎?不能。“疑問詞+-ever”可以分為兩種類型:(1)“疑問副詞+-ever”，比如，wherever,

whenever,however。“疑問副詞+-ever”一般情況下只能引導讓步狀語從句，和“nomatter+疑問副詞”可以相互替換。例:

WheneverIvisitedher,shewasbusywith

herwork.=NomatterwhenIvisitedher,shewasbusy

withherwork.(2)“疑問代詞+-ever”，比如，whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever。“疑問代詞+-ever”既可以引導讓步狀語從句，又可以引導名詞性從句。引導讓步狀語從句時，“疑問代詞+-ever”可以和“nomatter+疑問代詞”相互替換。例:Whoevercomestotheparty,hewillreceiveagift.=Nomatterwhocomestotheparty,hewillreceiveagift.⑤“疑問詞+-ever”和“nomatter+疑問詞”在任何情況下都能相互替換嗎?(3)特殊情況：

引導名詞性從句時，只能用“疑問代詞+-ever”，不能用“nomatter+疑問代詞”。例:Whoevercomesherewillreceiveagift.⑤“疑問詞+-ever”和“nomatter+疑問詞”在任何情況下都能相互替換嗎?Rewritetheunderlinedsentencesusingadverbialclauseswith-everandnomatter.1.Regardlessofyourpastexperience,pleasereadthesesurvivaltipscarefully.2.Leavetheareaquicklybutcalmlyifawildfirebreaksoutatanytime.Pleasereadthesesurvivaltipscarefully,nomatterwhat/whateveryourpastexperienceis.Nomatterwhen/Wheneverawildlifebreaksout,leavetheareaquicklybutcalmly.Rewritetheunderlinedsentencesusingadverbialclauseswith-everandnomatter.3.Whethertherearefewormanypeopleinyourgroup,don'tsplitup.4.Everywhereyougointhewild,takeafirstaidkitwithyou.Nomatterhowmanypeopleareinyourgroup,don'tsplitup.Nomatterwhereyougointhewild,takeafirstaidkitwithyou.Readthestoryandcompletethesentencesusingadverbialclauseswith-everandnomatter.Atageof12,Janewasdiagnosedwitharareanddeadlycancer,andwasinformedthathigh-risksurgerywasheronlychanceofgettingbetter.Janereceivedthesurgery,andthingsgotextremelyhardduringthetwo-yeartreatmentthatfollowed--shecouldn’tevenrememberhowmanytimesshewasrushedtotheICU.However,shenevergaveuphopeand,thankfully,shesurvived.Shortlyafterrecovery,shedecidedtohelpfindoutthecauseofthisdisease.Indoingso,shetookaninternshipatamedicallab,despitebeingquitebusywithherschoolwork,andinvitedpeopletodonatetissuesamplesforresearchpurposeseverwhereshewent.Sheisdeterminedtoliveafulfillingliferegardlessofwhatthefutureholds,

andtotryherbesttohelppatientswiththiscancerrecoverinspiteofthevariousdifficultiesshemightface.1.__________________________________________________(how),

Janenevergaveuphope.2.________________________(where),Janewouldinvite

peopletodonatetissuesamplesforresearchpurposes.3.Janeisdeterminedtoliveafulfillinglife__________________

(what).4._____________________________________(what),Janeisdeterminedtohelp

patientsrecoverfromthiscancer.NomatterhowmanytimesshewasrushedtotheICU/HowevermanytimesshewasrushedtotheICUWherevershewent/Nomatterwhereshewentnomatterwhatthefutureholds/whateverthefutureholds.Nomatterwhatdifficulties