國家開放大學人文英語4形考任務單元自測1-8合集單元自測1一、選擇填空，從A、B、C三個選項中選出一個能填入空白處的最佳選項。（每題10分）1.–Excuseme,couldyoutellthetime?–________________________________A.You'dbetterbuyawatch.B.Canyouseetheclock?C.It'sthreethirtybymywatch.2.–Goodafternoon.CanIhelpyou?–________________________________A.Ineedtobuyabirthdaypresentformyson.B.Idon'tthinkIneedanyofyourhelp.C.Yes,Ithinkso,too.3.Onaverage,asuccessfullawyerhastotalktoseveral________aday.A.customersB.clientsC.guests4.WhenLilycamehomeat5pmyesterday,hermother______dinnerinthekitchen.A.cookedB.wascookingC.cooks5.Neverbefore_________seesuchaterriblecaraccidentontheroad!A.IhaveB.haveIC.didI二、閱讀理解：選擇題（每題10分）6.選擇題Graffitipaintingistraditionallyadaredevilpursuit.Teenagersdodgesecurityguardstoputtheirnamesontrainsandbuses.Butoverthepastdecade,graffitihasallbutdisappearedfromBritain'scities.Between2007and2012thenumberofincidentsofgraffitirecordedbytheBritishTransportPolicefellby63%.AsurveybytheEnvironmentMinistryshowsthatfewerplacesareblightedbytagsthanever.Graffitiareincreasinglyconfinedtosanctionedwalls,suchastheStockwellballcourts.Intimethepracticemaydieoutentirely.Themostobviousreasonforthedeclineintaggingandtrain-paintingisbetterpolicing.NumerousCCTVcamerasmeanitishardertogetawaywithpaintingillegally.Andpunishmentsaremoresevere.Agenerationalshiftisapparent,too.Fewerteenagersaregettingintopaintingwalls.TheyprefertoplaywithiPadsandvideogames.Somehavegonetoartschoolandwanttomakemoneyfromtheirpaintings.TheInternetmeansthatpainterscanwinfarmoreattentionbypostingpicturesonlinethantheycanbybreakingintoarailwayyard.Taggersandgraffitiartistsmostlygrewupinthe1980sand1990s.Thosemen—andalmostallaremen—arenowolderandlesswillingtotakerisks.Graffitimayeventuallydisappear.Butfornowthehobbyisalmostrespectable.Theformergraffitiartistspaintabandonedwarehousesattheweekend.IthasbecomesomethingtodoonaSundayafternoon—aslightlyhealthieralternativetosittingandwatchingfootball.1.Teenagersarenotafraidofbeingcaughtbysecurityguardswhentheyputtheirnamesontrainsandbuses.(F)2.Lesstagscanbefoundinpublicplacesnowadays.(T)3.Becauseofbetterpolicinggraffitidecreases.(T)4.Someteenagersgotoartschoolinordertolearntopaintwalls.(F)5.Taggersandgraffitiartistsarestillwillingtotakerisks.(F)單元自測2一、選擇填空，從A、B、C三個選項中選出一個能填入空白處的最佳選項。（每題10分）1.–HowmanylanguagesdoesPeterspeak?–________________________________A.Withhisroommates.B.Fivelanguages.C.Prettywell.2.–Somethingwentwrongwithmytelevisionlastnight.–________________________________A.I'msorrytohearthat.B.Howdidyoumanagetodothat?C.It'simpossible.3.Tom,whatdidyoudowithmydocuments?Ihaveneverseensucha________anddisorder!A.massB.messC.guess4.Nomatter_________,thelittlesistersmanagedtoroundthesheepupanddrivethembackhomesafely.A.itwassnowingB.harditwassnowingC.howharditwassnowing5.Theyoungladycomingovertous_______ourEnglishteacher;thewayshewalkstellsusthat!A.mustbeB.canbeC.wouldbe二、閱讀理解：選擇題（每題10分）6.排序題A.Icouldn'tagreemore.B.Whatelse?C.Onceweseparateandrecyclethem.D.ButIhaveaconcern.E.Thatisreallyagreatadvice.Peter:Molly,lookatthis.Thenewspapersaysweshouldsorttrash.Molly:Thatwouldbegreat!Ialwayshateitwhenpeoplemixingallthetrashtogether.Peter:（E）Manycommunitieshavealreadydonethat.Molly:Yeah.Thebenefitsofsortingouttrashareobvious.Peter:Forinstance?Molly:Iftrashissorted,itcanbetransferredtofactoriesinsteadofthedisposalplant.Peter:Thatmakessense.(B)Molly:Withtrashseparated,pollutioncausedbyincinerationcanbeavoided.Peter:Itishightimeforustosortoutthetrash.Trashistrashonlywheneverythingismixedtogether.(C)theycanbeusefulagain.Molly:(A)Thingslikepaper,glass,andplasticscanallberecycled.Theycanbereused.Peter:Sortingisgood.(D)Ifpeoplehavenoideahowtosorttheirtrash,theywillstillputallwasteinthesamebag.Molly:Youareright.Peopleshouldbeinformedabouthowtodothatinthefirstplace.Moreover,sortingtrashshouldbemadeeasyforus.Otherwise,fewpeoplewouldbothertodoit.Peter:Ihopeeverythinggoessmoothly!Molly:Ibelieveitwill.單元自測3一、選擇填空，從A、B、C三個選項中選出一個能填入空白處的最佳選項。（每題10分）1.–Ididn'tknowmyidentitycardwasneeded,sir.–________________________________A.Idon'tbelieveyou.B.Sorry,butthat'snoexcuse.C.Howdareyousaythat?2.-Canyougooutwithusfordinnerthisevening?-__________.A.No,Ialreadyhaveplans.B.Thanksalot,butI'mbusytonight.C.No,Ireallydon'tlikebeingwithyou.3.Idon'tknowthepark,butit's_________tobequitebeautiful.A.saidB.toldC.spoken4.Twothousanddollars____enoughforthecar.A.isB.areC.were5.AlthoughhedidnotknowLondonwell,hemadehisway_____totheairport.A.easyenoughB.enoughC.easilyenough二、閱讀理解：選擇題（每題10分）6.排序題A.FormanystudentsB.amajorbarrierC.equalityinaccesstoeducationD.differentpeopleE.non-traditionalstudentsTheNationalUnionofStudents(NUS)welcomesthenewsthatgreaternumbersofblackanddisabledstudentsarestudyingatUKuniversities,butthereisstillalotofworktobedoneonwideningaccess,writestheunion'spresident,GemmaTumelty.ArecentDepartmentofCommunitiesandLocalGovernment(DCLG)equalitiesreviewshowedthatsignificantnumbersofpotentialstudentsfelttheirdisabilitywas(B)toaccessinghighereducation(HE).Thisissimplyunacceptable.Equalityanddiversityisnotentirelya“numbersgame”andbeforetoomuchpraiseisgivenweneedtohearmorefrom(E),notjustabouttheirexperienceofaccessinghighereducationbutalsogoingthroughthesystem.Equalityinsocietyisabsolutely,andfundamentally,linkedto(C).(A),universityistheplacewheretheywillbefirstexposedtodifferentculturesand(D).Aswellasfightingforbetteraccess,theNUSwantstoseediversityproperlyvaluedandpromotedwithinthestudentexperience.Manypaylipservicetothevalueofdiversity,butisthisrecognizedandpromotedasacoreassettothosewhogothroughtheHEsystem?Equalityinsocietycanbepromotedbyequalityanddiversityatuniversity.Butthebenefitsofuniversityasapositive,diverseenvironmentmustbeseenbystudentsasadding“value”asmuchasanyotherfactorsbeforethenumbersgameisreallywonbythechampionsofdiversity.單元自測4一、選擇填空，從A、B、C三個選項中選出一個能填入空白處的最佳選項。1.—CanyoutellmewhereIcanparkthecar?—_________________.A.Yes,pleaseB.ItismadeinAmericaC.Well,justoverthere2.—CouldItalktoProf.Lee?—_________________.A.Yes,speakingB.Oh,it'syouC.I'mwaitingforyou3.NeitherJohn

hisfatherwasabletowakeupearlyenoughtocatchthemorningtrain.A.norB.orC.but4.Iwasgivingatalktoalargegroupofpeople，thesametalkI___tohalfadozenothergroupsbefore.A.wasgivingB.amgivingC.hadgiven5.Today'sweatheris_____worsethanyesterday's.A.veryB.muchC.verymuch二、閱讀理解：選擇題（每題10分）6.排序題A.evenwithoutinternationallinksB.ChinesestudentsandacademicsC.thecrisisoneconomicgrowthD.AstrongresearchsystemE.inpartbecauseofthisEducationandacademicqualitycanmeandifferentthingstodifferentpeople,dependingontheirperspective,roleandcontextand,(E),qualityisnotoriouslydifficulttoevaluate.Thequestionofhowtodothishasbeenpursuedformanyyears.Nevertheless,thegoalofimprovingeducationalqualityisagreedbyallandstimulatedfurtherbytherecentworldwideeconomicdownturnandtheneedtocounteracttheimpactof(C)andprepareforeconomicrecovery.AstheWorldBankandUNESCOsaid10yearsago:“Thequalityofknowledgegeneratedwithinhighereducationinstitutions,anditsavailabilitytothewidereconomy,isbecomingincreasinglycriticaltonationalcompetitiveness.”Theyalsorightlyemphasizedthat“(D)atthenationallevelopensupthepossibilitythatsubstantialadditionalpublicbenefitscanberealizedthroughinternationallinks.”Thisispreciselywhy(B)shouldcontributetotheseglobalbenefits,reformingandimprovingevaluationsystemsforeducationalandacademicquality.Originalandgoodresearch,especiallyinscience,economicsandsocialsciences,hasatrickle-downeffectonsociety.Anditoffersadditionalbenefits(A),thoughinternationalcollaborationandexchangeofthebestevaluationpolicyandpracticecanbringsubstantialadvantagestoallpartnersinrelationtolessonslearnedelsewhere.單元自測5一、選擇填空，從A、B、C三個選項中選出一個能填入空白處的最佳選項。1.—HowwasthejourneytoLondon?—_________________.A.ItwentverywellB.Itwasanine-hourC.Iflewthere2.—Canyouhelpmeclearupthemess?—_________________.A.TellmewhomadeitB.NoproblemC.Yes,that'llbeallright3.__________thesehonourshereceivedasumofmoney.A.ExpectB.ButC.Besides4.Heisfondofplaying____pianowhilehisbrotherisinterestedinlisteningto___music.A./;theB./;/C.the;/5.Iwanttobuya______walletforhim.A.blackleathersmallB.smallblackleatherC.smallleatherblack二、閱讀理解：選擇題（每題10分）6.填寫主題句I.Readthepassageandchoosetherightsub-title(A-D)foreachparagraph.A.TheinexactitudeoflanguageB.PreventingmisunderstandingsC.InterculturalcommunicationD.FosteringrespectE.AvoidingconflictsPara1(C)Interculturalcommunicationreferstomessagestransmittedbetweenmembersoftwoormoredifferentsocieties.Effectiveinterculturalcommunicationhelpsfirmsavoidconflict,preventmisunderstandings,andfosterrespect.Para2(E)Theworkplaceisgrowingmorediverseeveryday.Managerscannotassumethatwhattheyfindinoffensivewillalsobeinoffensivetotheirsubordinates.Alackofsensitivitycanleadtoclaimsofdiscriminationorharassment,whichcostsfirmsbigmoney.Interculturalcommunicationinvolvesexercisingsensitivityandtacttoavoidsuchconflicts.Para3(A)Wehumanbeingshavedevelopedlanguagetocommunicateideastooneanother.Still,ourlanguagerepresentsanimperfectformofcommunication.Sometimes,wordscannotaccuratelyconveyanidea,becausetheinformationmightbehighlycomplex.Also,aconceptthatexistsinonecultureorlanguagemightnotbepartofanother.Effectiveinterculturalcommunicationtriestobridgelanguagegapsaseffectivelyaspossiblesothateveryoneattheworkplacefindsthemselvesonthesamepage.Para4(B)Giventheinexactitudeoflanguage,misunderstandingscanfrequentlyarisebetweenpeoplefromdifferentcultureswhentheyexchangeinformation.Idiomsoftenbecomelostintranslation.Forexample,theEnglishexpression“toshoulderresponsibility”translatesintoSwedishas“beamanforyourhat”.Interculturalcommunicationdoesnotrelyonexpressionsnativetoaparticularlanguagethatcouldleadtoconfusion;rather,itreliesonclearmessagesthatallpartiesunderstand.Para5(D)Communicationhappensdifferentlyinvariouscultures.Whatonesocietyfindsacceptablemaybeanathematoanother.Whencoworkersfromdifferentculturesdonottakethesedifferencesintoaccount,notonlydoescommunicationsufferbutconflictscometothefore.Effectiveinterculturalcommunicationdoesnottrytoignoresocietaldifferences;rather,itrespectsthevariationsamongthehumanraceandenablespeopletotransmitinformationclearly.單元自測6一、選擇填空，從A、B、C三個選項中選出一個能填入空白處的最佳選項。1.—Areyouonholidayhere?—_________________.A.Weareonholidayhere,tooB.Welivehere,tooC.No,wearen't.Welivehere2.—Isitgoingtobewarmnextweek?—_________________.A.Yes,itisB.Idon'tbelieveitC.No,ithasn't3.Beforethefinalexamination,somestudentshaveshown______oftension.Theyevenhavetroubleinsleeping.A.anxietyB.marksC.signs4.Wouldyoulikesomething______________?A.drinkB.todrinkC.drinking5.Asthebusiestwomanthere,shemade______________herdutytolookafteralltheotherpeople'saffairsinthattown.A.thisB.thatC.it二、閱讀理解：選擇題（每題10分）6.選擇題CharityisaconceptwhichdatesbacktoBiblicaltimes,whenhelpingthepoorwassomethingthatrichpeoplebasicallydidtomakethemselvesfeelgood.Socialworkhasitsrootsincharity,asitoriginallybeganaroundthetimeoftheindustrialrevolutionwhenthereweremanypoorpeopleandsocietywasseekingawayofdealingwiththepoorandsocialproblems.Althoughsocialworkbeganascharitywork,ithasexpandedalotandneedstobeseenfromacompletelydifferentperspective.Modern-daysocialworkdealsnotonlywithpovertyandthesubsequentproblems,butalsowiththeproblemsarisingfromvarioustypesof“socialfear”“socialphobias”anddiscriminationsuchassexism,racism,anddiscriminationagainstanindividualduetohisage,ormentalorphysicaldisabilities.Socialworkersdealwiththeconsequencesofthesediscriminationsaswellasconsequencesthatarisefromsexualabuse,drugabuse,andvariousotherproblems.Socialworkprovidesanimportantservicetosociety.Individualsandfamiliesinneedofhelparethefocusofit,andarereferredtoasclients.Socialworkershelpclientsliveaproductivelifeintheirowncommunity.Inordertoreachthisgoal,theyoftenenlisttheassistanceoffamilymembers,relatives,localreligiousleaders,andotherinfluentialmembersofthecommunity.Althoughinstitutionalizationmaybenecessaryattimes,itisatemporarysolution.Socialworkersusuallyserveinthefrontline,andreachouttotheclientssoonafterproblemsoccur.Thegoalistohelpclientsreturntonormallifeinanaturalsetting.1.Thecharityoriginallymeansto①A.helpthepoorthatmakestherichfeelgood.B.helpclientsreturntonormallife.C.servethewholesociety.2.Whendoessocialworkbegin?②()()A.aroundthetimeoftheindustrialrevolutionB.BiblicaltimesC.moderntime3.Modern-daysocialworkdealswiththefollowingproblemsexcept③?A.povertyB.racismC.education4.Inordertohelpclientsliveaproductivelife,socialworkerscanturntotheassistanceof④A.governmentB.familymembersC.businessmen5.WhichstatementaboutsocialworkisNOTTrue?⑤A.Socialworkrootsfromcharity.B.Socialworkdealsnotonlywithpovertyandthesubsequentproblems,butalsowithvarioussocialfearanddiscrimination.C.Socialworkisthattherichpeoplewanttohelpthepoorpeople.單元自測7一、選擇填空，從A、B、C三個選項中選出一個能填入空白處的最佳選項。1.—Hereyouare,Sir.—_________________.A.Yes,I'mhereB.Yes,hereweareC.Thankyouverymuch2.—MayIspeaktoProf.Liplease?—_________________.A.No,youcan'tB.There'snoProf.LiC.I'mafraidyou'vegotthewrongnumber3.Thecomputersystem___________suddenlywhilehewassearchingforinformationontheInternet.A.brokedownB.brokeoutC.brokeup4.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_________Iwastakengoodcareofinthatremotevillage.A.whenB.whereC.that5.HaveyouevervisitedtheSummerPalace,_____therearemanybeautifulhalls,ridgesandahugelake?A.whichB.thatC.where二、閱讀理解：選擇題（每題10分）6.選擇題Imagineaschoolthatexpecteditsstudentstobecomeliterate(有讀寫能力的)withoutanyformalinstruction.Mostparentswouldbealarmedbysuchanapproach,whichwouldleavetheirchildrenconfusedandwithgapsintheirunderstanding.Thishoweverhasbeenthephilosophyoncharacterdevelopmentinmanyofourschools.Whyisthedevelopmentofcharacterseenassomehowdifferentfromtheotherskillsthatweteach?Ofcoursetherewillalwaysbelearningbyosmosis(耳濡目染)inanyschool,butasateacherandprimaryschoolheadIhavefoundthatachild'smoralliteracyisstrengthenedwhentheyacquirethebuildingblocksofgoodcharactersuchasconsideration,courageandhonor:qualitieswhicharecommonlyknownasvirtue(美德).Ipersonallyfindthatexploringavirtueoveratwo-weekperiodprovidesasimpleandeffectiveprogramthatallowsforthecreativeinputofbothteacherandstudentandachanceforthevirtuetoembed(使融入)itself.Oncealessononavirtuesuchashonestyhasbeencompletedweneedtoallowtimeforchildrentopracticethisconceptjustaswouldbethecasewithfractionsorverbs.Allowingchildrentoroleplayasituationsuchasmakingupexcusestocoveramistakecanbeenormouslyinteresting,andthedramacanbefrozenallowingthecharacterstobequestionedabouttheirfeelingsandmotives.It'salsoasafewayforchildrentoexperienceforthemselveshowalieusuallygoesoutofcontrol.Ourroleaseducatorsisalsotolookforopportunitiestohelpourstudentsastheyattempttostrengthentheircharacters.Whensomethinggoeswrongweguidetheyoungpersontothevirtuethatwillpreventitfromhappeningagain.Forinstance,whenamstudentthoughtlesslydisturbsthecalmatmosphereofthelibrary,insteadofaresponsesuchas,"thatwasreallydisrespectfulandselfishofyou!"wedrawoutfromthemtherequiredvirtue:"Whenyou'rewalkingthroughthelibrary,whatvirtuesdoyouneedtouse?"1.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthispassage?①A.Teachingmoralsandvalueshasbeenafrequentlydiscussedtopicinthepastfewyears.B.Theauthorandhisstaffembedvirtuesintolessonsandschoollifetoencouragecharacterdevelopmentinchildren.C.Kidsthroughoutthepopulationfacethesameneeds,thesamechallenges,andthesamerealitiesintheirlives.2.Wecaninferfromthefirstparagraphthat②.A.theretendstobedisagreementaboutwhatcharactereducationisB.mostparentsarenotsatisfiedwiththeteachingmethodsadoptedinschoolsC.theapproachtocharactereducationisgenerallyconsidereddifferentfromtheapproachestootherskills3.Theword"philosophy"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto③.A.studyB.subjectC.viewpoint4.Theauthorisa④.A.teacherB.librarianC.reporter5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasawaytobuildcharacterinchildren?⑤A.Storyreadingsanddiscussions.B.Osmosis.C.Takingeveryopportunitytoteachcharacter.單元自測8一、選擇填空，從A、B、C三個選項中選出一個能填入空白處的最佳選項。1.—Howareyoufeelingnow?—_________________.A.MuchbetterB.It'sOKC.Thankyou2.—Whattimedoesthetrainleave?—_________________.A.OnTuesdayB.InthemorningC.Athalfpastfive3.Theoldhousesarebeingpulleddownto______________anewofficeblock.A.makeroomforB.makeuseofC.taketheplaceof4.Itisnouse_________torememberonlygrammarrules.A.tryingB.tryC.totry5.All

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