中英文對照外文翻譯文獻(文檔含英文原文和中文翻譯)原文：Intelligentvehicleisauseofcomputer,sensor,information,communication,navigation,artificialintelligenceandautomaticcontroltechnologytorealizetheenvironmentawareness,planningdecisionandautomaticdriveofhighandnewtechnology.Itinaspectssuchasmilitary,civilandscientificresearchhasreceivedapplication,tosolvethetrafficsafetyprovidesanewway.Withtherapiddevelopmentofautomobileindustry,theresearchaboutthecarisbecomingmoreandmoreattentionbypeople.Contestofnationalcompetitionandtheprovinceofelectronicintelligentcaralmosteverytimethisaspectofthetopic,thenationalvariousuniversitiesarealsoattachesgreatimportancetoresearchonthetopic,manycountrieshaveputtheelectronicdesigncompetitionasastrategicmeansofinnovativeeducation.Electronicdesigninvolvingmultipledisciplines,machineryandelectronics,sensortechnology,automaticcontroltechnology,artificialintelligentcontrol,computerandcommunicationtechnology,etc.,isahigh-techinthefieldofmany.Electronicdesigntechnology,itisanationalhigh-techinstanceisoneofthemostimportantstandard,itsresearchsignificanceisgreatThedesignthoughjustademomodel,butisfullofscientificandpractical.Firstweaccordingtothecomplexsituationofroadtraffic,inaccordancewiththeappropriateauthortomakearoadmodel,includingbend,straightandpavementsetobstacles,etc.Oncurvedandstraight,thecaralongtheorbitfreeexercise,whenthesmallcarmeetobstacles,pulsemodulationinfraredsensorstodetectthesignalsenttothemicrocontroller,acorrespondingcontrolsignalaccordingtotheprogramMCUcontrolcarsautomaticallyavoidobstacles,tocarryontheback,forward,turnleft,turnrightSubjectpartsIntelligentvehicleisaconcentrationofenvironmentawareness,planningdecision,multi-scaleauxiliarydriving,andotherfunctionsinanintegratedsystem,isanimportantpartofintelligenttransportationsystem.Inmilitary,civilian,spaceexplorationandotherfieldshasabroadapplicationprospect.Thedesignofsmartcarcontrolsystemarestudied,basedonpathplanningisaprocessoftheintelligentcarcontrolsystem2.1theoryisputforwardTheprogressofscienceandtechnologyofintelligentledproducts,butalsoacceleratedthepaceofdevelopment,MCUapplicationscopeofitsapplicationisincreasinglywide,hasgonefarbeyondthefieldofcomputerscience.Smalltotoys,creditCARDS,bigtothespaceshuttle,robots,fromdataacquisition,remotecontrolandfuzzycontrol,intelligentsystemswiththehumandailylife,everywhereisdependentonthesinglechipmicrocomputer,thisdesignisatypicalapplicationofsinglechipmicrocomputer.Thisdesignbyimplementingthedriverlesscar,onthetests,bythereactionofthesinglechipmicrocomputertocontrolthecar,makeitsbecomeintelligent,automaticforward,turnandstopfunction,aftercontinuingtheperfectionofthissystemalsocanbeappliedtoroadtesting,securitypatrol,canmeettheneedsofsociety.Indesign,theuseofthesensorstodetectroadsurfacecondition,sensorcentralseaarefaintandadoptsacomparingamplifieramplification,andthesignalinputtothecontroller,thecontrolledendusingsteppermotor,becauseofthestepmotoriscontrolledelectricalpulse,aslongastheoutputfromthecontrollertosatisfysteppermotormeritsoffixedcontrolword.Inoperationofsteppingmotorandadrivingcircuit,italsotojoinadrivecircuitinthecircuit,eachfunctionmoduleisdifferenttotherequirementofpowersupplycurrent,thepowersupplypartsetupconversioncircuit,soastomeettheneedsofthevariousparts.Aftercomparisonchoiceelement,designthecircuitprinciplediagramandthecircuitboard,anddothedebuggingofhardware,systemsoftwareandhardwareisoftenthecombinationoforganicwhole.Software,ontheuseofthe51single-chiptimerinterrupttocontrolpavementtestintervalandthecarmovementandspeed.Duetotakethatroadissimple,itisusingmoretraditionalassemblylanguageforprogramming.Forthecorrectnessoftheprogramdesign,usingacommonlyusedkeilc51simulationsoftwaresimulationvalidation,thelastisintegrateddebuggingofsoftwareandhardware,andprovethecorrectnessandfeasibilityofthedesignscheme.2.2electronicintelligentcardesignrequirements(1)electricvehiclescanbeabletoaccordingtothecoursetorunalltheway;(2)electricvehiclescanstoreanddisplaythenumberofdetectedmetalandsheetmetaltothestartinglineinthedistance;(3)areaccuratelyelectriccarsafterexercisingallthewaytothedisplayoftheelectricvehicletheentireexercisetime;(4)electriccarscan'tcollisionswithobstaclesintheprocessofexercise.2.3thegeneralconceptionofcomputernetworkteachingwebsiteUsing89c51asthecar'scontrolunit,sensoreight-wayfromoutside,inthefrontofthecar,asablackbeltintheprocessofthecarintothegaragedetectingelement,attherearendofthecarwhenconnectedtoeight-channelinfraredsensorsasthecarpulledoutofthegarageofablackbeltindetectingelement,theLJ18A3-8-Z/BXinductiveproximityswitchasgarageirondetectingelement,themicrocontrollerafterreceivingsensordetectsthesignalthroughthecorrespondingprocedurestocontrolthecarforward,backward,turn,sothatthecar'sperformanceindicatorsmeettherequirementsofthedesign.Intelligentcarisabranchofintelligentvehicleresearch.Itwiththewheelasmobilemechanism,torealizetheautonomousdriving,sowecallitthesmartcar.Smartcarwiththebasiccharacteristicsoftherobot,easytoprogramming.Itwithremotecontrolcarthedifferenceisthatthelatterrequirestheoperatortocontrolthesteering,start-stopandinamoreadvancedremotecontrolcarcanalsocontrolthespeed(commonmodelcarbelongtothistypeofremotecontrolcar);ThesmartcarIstobeimplementedbycomputerprogrammingforthecarstop,drivingdirectionandspeedcontrol,withouthumanintervention.Operatorthesmartcarcanbechangedbyacomputerprogramorsomedatatochangeitsdrivetype.Thischangecanbecontrolledthroughprogramming,thecharacteristicsofthecardrivingwayisthebiggestcharacteristicofsmartcar.Thecontrolsystemofsmartcarresearchpurposeistomakethecardrivingwithhigherautonomy.Ifanygivencarapath,throughthesystem,thecarcangetsystemforpathafterimageprocessingofdatamovingandAngle(a),andcanbescheduledpath,accordingtothedisplacementandAngleinformation.ThecontrolsystemstructureanalysisAccordingtotheabovedesignidea,thestructureoftheintelligentcarcontrolsystemcanbedividedintotwolayers1,theplanninglayerPCcontrolsystem,theplanninglayerprovidestheinformationofthewholecardriving,includingpathprocessingmoduleandcommunicationmodule.Ithastosolvethebasicproblem(1)usingwhattoolstodealwiththecarpathgraph;(2)thecarmovementmodelisestablished,thedatatocalculatethecardriving;(3)setupthecar'smotionmodel,thedatatocalculatethecardriving;Layer2,behaviorLowermachinecontrolsystem,thebehavioristheunderlyingstructureofasmartcarcontrolsystem,realizethereal-timecontrolofthecardriving,itincludescommunicationmodule,motorcontrolmoduleanddataacquisitionmodule.Ittosolvethebasicproblemsare:(1)receiving,processing,PCsendsdatainformation;(2)thedesignofsteppingmotorcontrolsystem;(3)informationcollectionandthedisplacementandAngleofthecar,carpositioningposture,analysissystemcontrolerror;ThetotaldesignschemeSmartcarcontrolsystemareobtainedbysystemstructure,orderprocess:(1)startAutoCAD,createorselectaclosedcurveasthecartpath,pickupthecarstarting$pathgraph(2)tochoosethepathofthegraphicsprocessing,makethecarturningexistoutsidetheminimumturningradiusofedgesandcornerswithcirculararctransition(3)togenerateanewpathtosimulatethemotionprocessofcar;(4)tocalculatethedisplacementofthecardrivingneedandwheelAngle,andthensendsthedatatothemachine(5)underthemachineafterreceivingdata,throughsoftwareprogrammingcontroltherotationspeedandAngleofthecarwheelsandmakeitaccordingtothepredeterminedpathAcompletecontrolsystemrequirementscloselylinkedtoeachfunctionmoduleinthesystem,accordingtotheorderprocessandtherelationshipbetweenthem,thetotaldesignschemeofthesystemisavailable.DesignofbasicallyhasthefollowingseveralmodulesPart1,theinformationacquisitionmodule,datacollectioniscomposedofphotoelectricdetectionandoperationamplifiermodule,photoelectricdetectionweretracingtestandspeedtestoftwoparts.Todetectthesignalafterbudgetamplifiermodulelm324amplifierplastictosinglechip,itscorepartisseveralphotoelectricsensor.2,controlprocessingmodule:controlprocessingmoduleisastc89c52MCUasthecore,themicrocontrollerwillbecollectedfromtheinformationafterthejudgement,inaccordancewithapredeterminedalgorithmprocessing,andthehandlingresultstothemotordriveandaliquidcrystaldisplaymodule,makesthecorrespondingaction.3,performmodule:executablemoduleconsistsofliquidcrystaldisplay(LCD),motordriveandmotor,buzzerofthreeparts.LCDismainlybasedontheresultsofsinglechipreal-timedisplay,convenientandtimelyusersunderstandthecurrentstateofthesystem,motordriverbasedonsinglechipmicrocomputerinstructionfortwomotormovements,canaccordingtoneedtomakethecorrespondingacceleration,deceleration,turning,parkingandothermovements,inordertoachievethedesiredpurpose.Buzzerismainlyaccordingtotherequirementsinaparticularpositiontomakearesponsetothereport.譯文一、引言智能車輛是一個運用計算機、傳感、信息、通信、導航、人工智能及自動控制等技術來實現環境感知、規劃決策和自動行駛為一體的高新技術綜合體。它在軍事、民用和科學研究等方面已獲得了應用，對解決道路交通安全提供了一種新的途徑隨著汽車工業的迅速發展，關于汽車的研究也就越來越受人關注。全國電子大賽和省內電子大賽幾乎每次都有智能小車這方面的題目，全國各高校也都很重視該題目的研究，許多國家已經把電子設計比賽作為創新教育的戰略性手段。電子設計涉及到多個學科，機械電子、傳感器技術、自動控制技術、人工智能控制、計算機與通信技術等等，是眾多領域的高科技。電子設計技術，它是一個國家高科技實例的一個重要標準，可見其研究意義很大。本次設計雖然只是一個演示模型，但是具有充分的科學性和實用性。首先我們根據交通路面的復雜情況，按照適當的比例制作出一個路況模型，包括彎道、直道以及路面上設置的障礙物等。在彎、直道上，小車沿著預定軌道自由行使，當小車遇到障礙物時，脈沖調制的紅外線傳感器將檢測到的信號發送給單片機，單片機根據程序發出相應的控制信號控制小車自動避開障礙物，進行倒車、前進、左轉、右轉等動作。二、主題部分智能車輛是集環境感知、規劃決策、多等級輔助駕駛等功能于一體的綜合系統，是智能交通系統的一個重要組成部分。它在軍事、民用、太空開發等領域有著廣泛的應用前景。本次設計對智能小車的控制系統進行了研究，設計實現一個基于路徑規劃處理的智能小車控制系統2.1理論的提出科技的進步帶動了產品的智能化，單片機的應用更是加快了發展的步伐，它的應用范圍日益廣泛，已經遠遠的超出了計算機科學領域。小到玩具、信用卡，大到航天飛機、機器人，從實現數據采集、遠程控制、模糊控制等智能系統帶人類的日常生活，到處離不開單片機，此設計正是單片機的一個典型的應用。此設計通過實現了小車的無人駕駛，通過對路面的檢測，由單片機來判斷控制其小車的反應情況，使其變得智能化，實現自動的前進，轉彎，停止功能，此系統還不斷的完善后可以應用到道路檢測，安全巡邏中，能滿足社會的需求。在設計上，使用連個傳感器來檢測路面的情況，傳感器的心海比較微弱，采用一個放大器進行比較放大，并將其信號輸入到控制器，在受控制端使用步進電機，因為步進電機是用電脈沖進行控制的，只要從控制器輸出滿足步進電機功過的固定控制字即可。此外步進電機的運作還要一個驅動電路，故電路中還要加入一個驅動電路，各個功能模塊對電源電流的要求不同，對電源部分設置轉換電路，從而滿足各個部分的需要。經過元件的比較選擇，設計出電路原理圖和電路板，并做好硬件的調試，系統往往是軟件和硬件兩者相結合的有機整體。軟件上，使用51單片機的定時器中斷來控制路面檢測間隔和小車的運動及速度。由于帶那路比較簡單，就采用較為傳統的匯編語言進行程序設計。對于程序設計的正確性，用較常用的keilc51仿真軟件進行仿真驗證，最后便是軟硬件的綜合調試，證明本設計方案的正確性和可行性。2.2電子智能小車的設計要求①電動車能夠能夠按照行使路線跑完全程；②電動車能存儲并顯示檢測到的金屬片數目以及金屬片至起跑線的距離；③要求電動車行使完全程后能夠準確的顯示電動車全程行使時間；④電動車在行使過程中不能與障礙物碰撞。2.3計算摘要：本次設計的智能循跡小車是以單片機89c51為主控制器。運用反射式紅外傳感器來進行路徑檢測和速度監測模塊。將檢測數據傳回單片機進行處理，同時，用單片機產生PWM波來控制小車的行進速度，并實時控制小車的行進狀態。另外，在小車上還擴展了LCD作為人機交互界面，以便于實時了解小車個監測傳感器的狀態機小車的實時數據，由于本次設計的是智能自動循跡小車，整個任務過程無需人工的任何干預，故而沒有進行鍵盤及遙控等的人工操作設備。用多路傳感器的實時監測和算法的緊密