……………最新資料推薦…………………PAGEPAGE9一、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)1.如何解答時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題例1You’vealreadymissedtoomanyclassesthisterm.You______justlastweek.A.missedB.wouldmissC.hadmissedD.havemissed例2AnneaskedTom______thekey.A.whenheleftB.wherehehadleftC.howheleftD.whydidheleft考試重點(diǎn)2.與完成時(shí)有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)★現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(havedone)since,for/inthepastfewmonths,uptonow例1Collectingtoycarsasahobbybecomesincreasinglypopularduringthepastfiftyyears.ABCD例2English______inanewwayatmycollegeinthepastfewyears.A.hasbeentaughtB.wasbeingtaughtC.hasbeentaughtD.hadbeentaught.★過(guò)去完成時(shí)(haddone)例3AnneaskedTom______thekey.A.whenheleftB.wherehehadleftC.howheleftD.whydidheleft例4Thechemistryclass_____forfiveminuteswhenwehurriedthere.A.hadbeenonB.hadbegunC.hasbeenonD.wouldbegan★將來(lái)完成時(shí)(willhavedone)by例5We’relateIexpectthefilm_____bythetimewegettothecinema.A.hadalreadystartedB.havealreadyC.willalreadyhavestartedD.havealreadybeenstarted.★現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(havebeendoing)例6Itseemsoil___________fromthispipeforsometime.We'llhavetotakethemachineaparttoputitright.A.hadleakedB.isleakingC.leakedD.hasbeenleaking★過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(hadbeendoing)★將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(willhavebeendoing)例7Bythetimeyouarrivethisevening,_______fortwohours.A.IwillstudyB.IwillhavebeenstudiedC.IhadstudiedD.Iwillhavebeenstudying.3.在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中不用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)▲用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)例1Whenthemixture_____,itwillgiveoffapowerfulforce.A.willheatB.willbeheatedC.isheatedD.hasheated例2pleasebesuretotelephonemethenexttimeyou______.A.willcomeB.wouldcomeC.shallcomeD.come▲用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)代替將來(lái)完成時(shí)例3Smithistostudymedicineassoonashe_______militaryservice.A.willfinishB.hasfinishedC.finishD.wouldfinish注意例4Noonecanbesureifthecarondisplayfitshimorheruntilheorshe______them.A.triesB.willtryC.aretryingD.havetried4.考試小竅門◆考試中如果遇到與完成時(shí)態(tài)相關(guān)的選項(xiàng)要重點(diǎn)加以研讀一般說(shuō)來(lái)是正確答案。二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞1.幾個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定式的含義can’tmaynotmustn’tneed’t2.表示推測(cè)的幾個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法★must表示肯定的推測(cè)意思是“一定”+do對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的推測(cè)must+havedone對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)例1I________asleepinthecorner,forIremembernothingofwhathappenedduringthenightA.mightfallB.mustfallC.musthavefallenD.canhavefallen★can’t/could’t表示否定的推測(cè)意思是“不可能”+do對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的推測(cè)can’t/couldn’t+havedone對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)★may/mightnot表示可能性很小的推測(cè)意思是“也許?”+do對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的推測(cè)may/might+havedone對(duì)過(guò)去情況的推測(cè)3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法needn’thavedoneshouldhavedoneshouldnothavedoneoughttohavedonecouldhavedone4.考試小竅門在遇到情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加完成時(shí)和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加原形同時(shí)出現(xiàn)的情況下一般說(shuō)來(lái)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加完成時(shí)是正確答案。×Mustdo√Musthavedone三、虛擬語(yǔ)氣考試重點(diǎn)1.條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣例IwouldaskGeorgetolendusthemoneyifI______him.A.hadknownB.haveknownC.knewD.wouldknow例Ifabettermaterial______,thestrengthofthepartwouldhavebeenincreased.A.hadbeenusedB.hadbeenusingC.beingusedD.using條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣需要注意以下三點(diǎn)?如果條件句中有were,had,should時(shí)可以把if省略然后把這三個(gè)單詞提前形成倒裝。例3_____theadviceofhisfriends,hewouldnothavesufferedsuchaheavylossinhisbusiness.A.IfhetookB.ifheshouldtakeC.WerehetotakeD.Hadhetaken?含蓄條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的應(yīng)用三級(jí)考試中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的三個(gè)句型Butfor/without?????,otherwise/or???,but/though?.例Butforyourhelp,I_____theworkintime.A.didnotfinishB.couldnotfinishA.willnotfinishD.wouldnothavefinished例Withoutelectricity,humanlife_____quitedifferenttoday.A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe例Hewasverybusyyesterday;otherwisehe_____tothemeeting.A.wouldhavecomeB.wouldcomeC.couldcomeD.hadcome例Wewouldhavemadealotofmoney,butwehalfwayA.gaveupB.hadgivenupC.wouldgiveupD.weretogiveup?錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句例IfIwereyou,Iwouldnothavemissedthefilmlastnight.2.(should)+動(dòng)詞原形在某些從句中的應(yīng)用(1)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句從的謂語(yǔ)是suggest,request,insist,desire,demand,propose,order,command,arrange等動(dòng)詞時(shí),如:例Isuggestedthatweshouldgothereonfoot.注意:當(dāng)insist表示堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為之意時(shí),不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,用陳述語(yǔ)氣.如:例Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney(2)Itisordered/desired/decided/requested/strange/important/natural/等后的主語(yǔ)從句中例Itisdesiredthatweshouldgeteverythingreadytonight(3)advice,idea,order,plan,demand,proposal,suggestion,request等名詞之后的表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中.如:例Mysuggestionisthatweshouldholdameetingthisevening3.wish后的賓與從句中應(yīng)當(dāng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣4.ifonly引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中5.asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中6.wouldrather后的句子的虛擬語(yǔ)氣謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式7.itis(high)timethat?.句型中,從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式四、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1.不定式?不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)例Theroadiswildenoughforcarstopassby.例Itisimportantforyoutoworkhard.例Itiskindofyoutohelpme.?不定式的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)例Themagnificentmuseumissaid_____aboutahundredyearsago.A.tobebuiltB.tohavebeenbuiltC.tohavebuiltD.tohavebeingbuilt?使用不帶to的不定式1)whynotdo表示委婉的建議例Whynot_____ProfessorLiforhelp?Heiskind-heartedandwillingtohelp.A.askB.youaskC.toaskD.yourasking2)使役動(dòng)詞have,make,let的后面接不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)用省to的不定式。例Theteacherhasthestudents_____acompositioneveryotherweek.A.towriteB.writtenC.writingD.write例Whilehewasclimbingthehighmountain,hehadhisleg_____A.brokeB.breakC.brokenD.breaking例Therewassomuchnoisethatthespeakercouldn’tmakehimself_____A.hearingB.beingtoldC.tohearD.heard3)表示生理感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞如see,watch,notice,observe,hear后面接不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)用省to的不定式。例Withtearsonherface,theoldladywatchedthelittleboy_____toahospital.A.sendB.tobesentC.beingsentD.sending4)dosomethingbut/exceptdo例Thereisnothingwecando_____wait.A.butB.ratherthanC.inspiteofC.besides.5)記住下列不帶to的短語(yǔ)can’tbutcan’thelpbuthadbetter2.動(dòng)名詞1.有些動(dòng)詞后面既可以接動(dòng)名詞又可以接不定式但意思有差異rememberforgetregretstopgoonmean2.后面跟動(dòng)名詞的固定句式havetrouble/problems/difficultdoingsomethingfeellikespend/waste?doingsomethingcan’thelpneed/deserve/wantbeworthwhatabout/howabout3.分詞分詞作表語(yǔ)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)例1Duringthediscussion,MrBoydremainedsilentwhenaskinghisopinion.ABCD例2Yourexperimentreportsmustbecheckedwithcarebefore_______A.handedtheminB.themhandinginC.beinghandedinD.handingthemin例_______intheairfuelsgiveoffheat.A.TburnB.BurnedC.TbeburnedD.Beingburned五、狀語(yǔ)從句趙文通考試重點(diǎn)1時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句★while/when/as/until★一?就?nosooner?than/hardly?when/scarcely?when★themomenttheminutetheinstant★固定句型Itis/hasbeen?.since?1.原因狀語(yǔ)從句nowthatinthat2.條件狀語(yǔ)從句unlessaslongasprovidedthat3.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句asthoughalthoughevenifeventhoughwhilewhatever六、平行結(jié)構(gòu)and,or,butPrefer引出的平行結(jié)構(gòu)PrefersomethingtosomethingPreferdoingsomethingtodoingsomethingPrefertodosomethingratherthandosomethingPrefer的特殊用法Prefersomebodytodosomethinge.g:IpreferyoutospeakEnglishintheclass.1、anumberof,thenumberofanumberof+可數(shù)名詞謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)意為許多大量的??thenumberof+可數(shù)名詞謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)意為??的數(shù)目2、able,capable,competentable為常用詞指具有做某事所需的力量技巧知識(shí)與時(shí)間等搭配是beabletodos.th。如Acatisabletoseeinthedark.貓?jiān)诤诎抵心芸匆?jiàn)東西。capable指滿足一般要求的能力搭配是becapableof+doing。competent指“勝任”“合格”或受過(guò)專業(yè)技術(shù)等訓(xùn)練的但不是超群的能力。如Adoctorshouldbecompetenttotreatmanydiseases.醫(yī)生應(yīng)該能治多種病。3、aboveallafterallatall;inallaboveall意為“尤其是”、“首先”、“最重要的是”常位于句首或句中作插入語(yǔ)起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。如ButabovealltellmequicklywhatIhavetodo可首先快些告訴我該做什么。afterall意為“畢竟”、“終究”、“終歸”、“到底”在句中位置較靈活。可位于句首、句中或句末。如Afterallyourbirthdayisonlytwoweeksaway畢竟兩周后就是你的生日。Heisafterallasmallchild他畢竟還是個(gè)小孩子。Hefailedafterall他終于失敗了。atall用于否定句時(shí)意為“絲毫根本”用于疑問(wèn)句時(shí)意為“究竟到底”用于條件句時(shí)常譯為“當(dāng)真實(shí)在”。用于肯定句中表示說(shuō)話人的某種情緒或情感如懷疑或驚奇等意為“竟然”等。如Hedoesn’tlikeyouatall他根本不喜歡你。Areyougoingtodoitatall你究竟做不做這件事Ifyoudoitatalldoitwell若你真要做這件事就得做好。Iwassurprisedathiscomingatall他竟然來(lái)了我很驚訝。inall意為“總共”既可放在句首也可放在句末。如Thereare25,000Inuitinall(Inall,thereare25,000Inuit)這兒共有25,000因努伊特人。4、aboard,abroad,board,broadaboard在船或飛機(jī)車上。如Ineverwentaboardaship.abroad副詞在國(guó)外或海外。如Heoftengoesabroad.board為動(dòng)詞上船飛機(jī)車。如Thepassengersareboardingtheplanenow.broad為形容詞寬廣的。如Hehasverybroadshoulders.5、accept,receiveaccept接受receive“接到”“收到”。如Ireceivedaninvitationyesterday,butIdidn’tacceptit.昨天我收到了一個(gè)請(qǐng)柬但并沒(méi)有接受邀請(qǐng)。6、accident,incident,eventaccident事故。如atrafficaccident交通事故incident“附帶事件”在政治上特指引起國(guó)際爭(zhēng)端或戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的事件事變。event“事件”指特別重要的事件通常是由以前的努力而產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果也指國(guó)家和社會(huì)的事件。7-accurate,correct,exact,preciseaccurate準(zhǔn)確的精確的。如Clocksinrailwaystationsshouldbeaccurate.火車站的鐘應(yīng)該是準(zhǔn)確的。correct“正確的”指符合一定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或準(zhǔn)則含有“無(wú)錯(cuò)誤的”意味。它的反義詞是incorrect,wrong.exact“精確的”“恰好的”比“大體上正確”更進(jìn)一步表“絲毫不差”。它的反義詞是inexact。precise強(qiáng)調(diào)“精確”“精密”。8、accuse,charge,sueaccuse指責(zé)指控常與of搭配。如Hisbossaccusedhimofcarelessness.charge常與with搭配。如Thepolicechargedthedriverwithrecklessdriving.sue常與for搭配。如Smithsuedhisneighborfordamaginghishouse9、acquire,require,inquireacquire取得獲得學(xué)到。如acquireknowledge獲得知識(shí)inquire打聽(tīng)詢問(wèn)。如inquireaperson’sname問(wèn)一個(gè)人的姓名require需要。如Werequiremorehelp.我們需要更多的幫助。10、adopt,adaptadopt收養(yǎng)。如Sincetheyhave