專題十一特殊句式核心考點課堂突破高考感悟單句填空1.(2018·北京卷)Inanyunsafesituation,simply(press)thebuttonandahighly-trainedagentwillgetyouthehelpyouneed.2.(2018·天津卷)ItwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhousewesawLilyinthepassengerseat.3.ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentIfirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.4.Notuntilrecentlytheyencouragethedevelopmentoftourist-relatedactivitiesintheruralareas.5.Youarewaitingatawrongplace.Itisatthehotelthecoachpicksuptourists.考點歸納一、倒裝考點一完全倒裝種類倒裝條件例句完全倒裝here,there,up,down,in,out,off,away等副詞開頭的句子表示強調Outrushedthechildren.表示地點的介詞短語作狀語位于句首Underthetreestoodtwotablesandfourchairs.強調表語,置于句首,或為保持句子平衡Presentatthemeetingwere1,000students.考點二部分倒裝種類倒裝條件例句never,hardly,scarcely,seldom,little,notuntil,not等表示否定意義的副詞放于句首HardlydidIknowwhathadhappened.only和修飾的狀語放于句首OnlythendidherealizetheimportanceofEnglish.notonly...butalso...連接并列的句子,前倒后不倒NotonlydoesheknowFrench,butalsoheisexpertatit.neither...nor...連接并列的句子,前后都倒裝NeitherdoIknowit,nordoIcareaboutit.so...that,such...that中的so或such及被修飾的成分放于句首時,主謂要倒裝Sobusyishethathecannotgoonaholiday.as引導的讓步狀語Childasheis,hehaslearnedalot.so,neither或nor表示前句內容也適用于另外的人或事Hecanplaythepiano.SocanI.用于表示祝愿的祈使句中Mayyoubeingoodhealth!省略if的虛擬條件WereIyou,Iwouldnotdoitinthisway.二、省略考點一不定式中的省略單獨使用不定式符號to代替不定式后被省略的動詞,常用在beafraid,expect,forget,hope,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,refuse,try,want,wish等詞后;或放在表情緒的詞后,代替被省略的動詞,常見詞有glad,happy,pleased等;但是,如果不定式中含有be,have,havebeen,則不應省略Heisnotalawyernow,butheusedtobe.感官動詞或使役動詞(feel,notice,see,hear,let,make,have等)后接不定式作賓語補足語時常省略toIheardmyfathersinginthekitchen.在由and或or連接的并列不定式結構中常省略后面的toIwanttofinishmyhomeworkandgohome.在donothingbut,can’thelpbut,whynot,wouldrather...than...,hadbetter等句型中省略toThelittleboycoulddonothingbutcry.考點二狀語從句中的省略在由when,while,if,asif,although/though,as,until,once,whether,where等引導的狀語從句中,當狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致且從句謂語含有be時,可省略狀語從句的主語和beWhen(hewas)young,hehelpedhisparentsdoalotofhousework.當從句的主語是it,謂語動詞是be動詞時,可以把it和be一起省略。此時構成“連詞+形容詞”的結構Though(itwas)cold,hestillworeashirt.在ifso/not省略句式中,用so/not代替上文的內容Getupearlytomorrow.Ifnot(=Ifyoudon’tgetupearlytomorrow),youwillmisstheearlybus.三、強調句考點一強調句的幾種形式強調句的基本構成為:Itis/was+被強調部分+who/that+其他成分。被強調部分指人時,可用who或that;被強調部分指物時,用thatItwasJohnwho(that)worehisbestsuittothedancelastnight.ItwashisbestsuitthatJohnworetothedancelastnight.疑問句形式為“Is/Wasit+被強調部分+that/who+其他成分”或“特殊疑問詞+is/wasit+that/who+其他成分”Wasitinhighschoolthatyoubeganplayingbasketball?Wherewasitthatyouputyourmobilephoneaftercomingback?not...until...結構中的狀語成分在強調句型中被強調時,not與until要放在一起ItwasnotuntilheremovedhissunglassesthatIrecognizedhim.考點二定語從句與強調句的區別當itis/was后出現表示地點或時間的名詞時,其后所接的從句是定語從句還是強調句,要看將itis/was和that(可以先假設)去掉之后句式是否完整(不缺少成分),若句式完整則為強調句。Itwasthedaywhenhecameback.(定語從句)Itwasonthatdaythathecameback.(強調句,強調的是時間狀語onthatday,去掉Itwas和that后句式完整)四、反意疑問句考點一陳述部分含有賓語從句的反意疑問句當陳述部分帶有賓語從句時,反意疑問部分的主語與謂語常和主句保持一致Hesaidthattheywouldcometomybirthdayparty,didn’the?當陳述部分主句的謂語動詞是think,believe,suppose,guess,expect,imagine,且主句主語為第一人稱時,反意疑問部分的主語和謂語與賓語從句的主語和謂語保持一致;當陳述部分主句的主語為第二、三人稱時,反意疑問部分的主語和謂語與主句的主語和謂語保持一致IexpectourEnglishteacherwillbebackthisweekend,won’the/she?Theydon’tbelievehewillsucceed,dothey?考點二陳述部分含有否定詞的反意疑問句陳述部分帶有seldom,hardly,scarcely,never,few,little,nothing,nobody等否定詞時,反意疑問部分用肯定形式HecouldhardlyspeakEnglish,couldhe?帶有表示否定意義的前綴構成的詞時,其反意疑問部分用否定形式Hedislikesplayingthepiano,doesn’the?五、祈使句考點祈使句的幾種形式“祈使句+and+簡單句”表示“如果……就……”DothatagainandI’llcallapoliceman.“祈使句+or+簡單句”表示“……否則……”Putitdown,orI’llsmackyou.注意有時名詞短語可以看作是祈使句。AfewmoreminutesandIwillfinishthework.六、感嘆句考點感嘆句的幾種形式Whata(n)+形容詞+單數名詞+主語+謂語!Whataninterestingstoryitis!Whatahappydayitis!What+形容詞+復數名詞+主語+謂語!Whatbeautifulbutterfliestheyare!How+形容詞+a(n)+單數名詞+主語+謂語!Howtallaboyheis!How+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語!Howwellsheplays!專項訓練鞏固提升Ⅰ.單句填空1.arethreelessonsinthemorningandtwointheafternoon.2.Itwasnotuntilmidnighttheyreachedthecampsite.3.Itdoesn’tmatteriftheywanttocometoyourbirthdayparty,it?4.Welaughatjokes,butseldomwethinkabouthowtheywork.5.OnlybykeepingdowncostsPowerDataholditsadvantageoverothercompanies.6.Maryneverdoesanyreadingintheevening,doesJohn.7.Giveitapush,anobjectwillmoveforwardanddowork.8.Tryshemight,Carolinacouldn’tgetthedooropen.9.—Iremindedyounottoforgettheappointment.—youdid.10.Somuchhomeworkwehavetodothatwehadnotimetotakearest.Ⅱ.語法填空Switzerlandisfamousforitswatches.However,thiscountrydidn’tinventthewatch.ItwastheBritish1.didit.Here2.astoryofhowthewatchwasbroughttoSwitzerland.Manyyearsago,3.livedanEnglishman.HetravelledtoItalyandonhiswayhestoppedinasmalltown4.(call)GenevainSwitzerland.ThisEnglishmantravelledinacarriageinsidewhichthere5.acarriagewatch.Thiswastheearliestkindofwatch.Ablacksmithhappenedtoseethewatch.Hewondered6.itwasandaskedtheEnglishmanaboutit.“Itisacarriagewatch,”7.(say)theEnglishman.“Thismachinecantellthetimebutnowitisn’tworking.”Atoncethemansaid,“8.(give)ittomeandIwillgetitrepaired.”Sothetravelerhandedhimthewatch.Themanwasveryclever.9.waseasyforhimtorepairit.Sosmart10.theman