TeaUnit6Whenwasitinvented?GrammarFocus-4cLanguagegoals語言能力學習能力思維品質文化意識1.培養想象力，發揮想象力，鼓勵學生觀察事物。2.面對難題，用積極的態度去解決，認識世界，改造世界。1.掌握常用詞匯及句型:fridge;low;somebody;allofasudden等;2.能夠準確地將主動語態與被動語態進行句式轉換。通過一般過去時主動語態與被動語態的對比，能總結出轉換規律和結構,并建立相關知識之間的聯系。；2.理解并識別被動語態的特殊情況(雙賓語、主動表被動等)。1234Tellsomethingabouthowteawasinventedbyaccidentaccordingtothemindmap.Newwordsfridgelowsomebodytranslatelockringearthquakesuddenallofasuddenbellbiscuitcookiemusicalinstrumentn.冰箱adj.低的；矮的pron.某人

n.重要人物v.翻譯v.鎖上；鎖住n.

鎖v.(rang,rung)發出鐘聲或鈴聲；打電話n.地震adj.突然(的)突然；猛地n.

鐘(聲)；鈴(聲)n.

餅干n.曲奇餅adj.

音樂的；有音樂天賦的n.

器械；儀器；工具Today,trafficwasstoppedbyazebra.Itwasalmosthitbyanothercar.Otheranimalswereseenonthe

freeway,too.Lead-inJerryislateforworkagain.whathappenedtohim?一般過去時態下的被動語態was/were+動詞的過去分詞Youexpectmetobelievethat

youweredelayedbyazebra?ltwastalkedaboutontheradio.Itisthoughtthattheanimalsescapedfromthezoo.Lead-inAlthoughJerrytellsthetruth,whatdoesthebosssay?Trytotelltheconversationbetweenthem.一般過去時態下的被動語態一般現在時的被動語態am/are/is+動詞的過去分詞ObserveanddiscussWhenwasthezipperinvented?Itwasinventedin1893.Whowasitinventedby?ItwasinventedbyWhitcombJudson.WhenwasteabroughttoKorea?ItwasbroughttoKoreaduringthe6thand7thcenturies.Whatisthehotice-creamscoopusedfor?It’s

usedforservingreallycoldice-cream.ActiveVoice:AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876.PassiveVoice:Thetelephonewasinvented(byAlexanderGrahamBell)in1876.一般過去時的被動語態一般過去時的被動語態表示過去某一時間的被動動作或過去經常性、習慣性的被動動作。其基本結構是：was/were+及物動詞的過去分詞。將下列句子改為被動語態Weplantedtreeslastweek.主動語態變被動語態解題步驟1.找賓語----即動作的承受者2.判斷賓語的單復數----即be動詞的單復數.3.把謂語改成was/were+V.過去分詞5.修改原句的主語----即by+主語/賓語.賓變主,主變賓,前加by動變被,看清be,結構分別be+ppTree

wasplanted

byus.4.判斷新主語的單復數:確定be動詞

的單復數He

washed

hiscaryesterday.

Hiscarwaswashed(byhim)yesterday.Didyou

cleanup

yourroomlastnight?Wasyourroomcleaneduplastnight?Hesavedthelivesofthechildren.Thelivesofthechildrenweresaved

byhim.GrammarFocusWhenwasthezipperinvented?Itwasinventedin1893.Whowasitinventedby?ItwasinventedbyWhitcombJudson.WhenwasteabroughttoKorea?ItwasbroughttoKoreaduringthe6thand7thcenturies.Whatisthehotice-creamscoopusedfor?It’susedforservingreallycoldice-cream.ActiveVoice:AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876.PassiveVoice:Thetelephonewasinvented(byAlexanderGrahamBell)in1876.一般過去時被動語態謂語動詞的構成主語+was\were+done(過去分詞)+其他成分Tom

made

thenewmachinelastweek.Thenewmachine_____________byTomlastweek.wasmadeWhatdidyoufindout?一般過去時的被動語態1．句式結構肯定句主語+was/were+及物動詞的過去分詞(+by...).否定句主語+was/were+not+及物動詞的過去分詞(+by...).疑問句Was/Were+主語+及物動詞的過去分詞(+by...)?特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語+及物動詞的過去分詞(+by...)?Thebabywaslookedafterbyhismother.GrammarFocus①“不及物動詞+介詞/副詞”構成的短語動詞，變成被動時，把它們作為________看待，介詞或副詞______(不可/可)拆開或漏掉。整體不可含有短語的主動語態變被動語態Theseposterswereputupbyourheadteacher.短語動詞拓展一般過去時的被動語態2．基本用法用法示例表示過去某一具體時間發生的動作，且句子的主語是謂語動詞動作的承受者。Thetreeswereplantedlastyear.這些樹是去年種的。講述發生在過去的動作，且不知道動作的執行者。Hewasgivenarobotasabirthdaygiftlastyear.去年他收到了一個機器人作為生日禮物。一般過去時的被動語態3．含雙賓語和復合賓語的主動句變為被動句的方法(1)含有雙賓語的主動句變為被動句時，通常把指“人”的間

接賓語變為主語，而指“物”的直接賓語則不變。e.g.HegavemesomeadviceonlearningEnglish.IwasgivensomeadviceonlearningEnglish(byhim).(2)如果要把指“物”的直接賓語變為主語，則在間接賓語前加to或for。

e.g.Mymotherbroughtmeabike.Abikewasbroughttome(bymymother).含有雙賓語的主動語態變被動語態Tomgavemeabookyesterday.IwasgivenabookbyTom.AbookwasgiventomebyTom.當指“人”的間接賓語變為主語，指“物”的直接賓語保留不變；如果把指“物”的直接賓語變為主語，則在間接語前加to或for直接賓語做主語間接賓語做主語口訣：如遇雙賓語，一般變間賓，若把直賓變，to/for間賓連。Isawaheavymanenterthehouse.主動句中感官動詞see/hear/watch/feel等和使役動詞make/let/have等后跟省略to的動詞不定式，變為被動語態時應加上不定式標志to。感官動詞和使役動詞的被動語態口訣：感使動詞真叫怪，to來to去記心懷，主動語態to離去，被動語態to回來。Aheavymanwasseento

enterthehouse.一般過去時的被動語態3．含雙賓語和復合賓語的主動句變為被動句的方法(3)含有復合賓語的主動句變為被動句時，要將其中的賓語變成

主語，賓語補足語不變。e.g.JimaskedTomtofinishtheworkatonce.Tomwasasked(byJim)tofinishtheworkatonce.(4)如果賓語補足語是不帶to的動詞不定式，主動語態變成被動語態

時要加上不定式符號to。

e.g.WeoftensawJohnplaybasketballintheplayground.

Johnwasoftenseentoplaybasketballintheplayground(byus).Momboughtmeanewcoat.GrammarFocus②當指“人”的間接賓語變為主語，指“物”的直接賓語保留不變；如果把指“物”的直接賓語變為主語，則在指“人”的間接語前加_______.to/for含有雙賓語的主動語態變被動語態Anewcoatwasboughtforme.(直接接賓語作主語)間接賓語拓展Iwasboughtanewcoat.(間接賓語作主語)直接賓語Tomgavemeabookyesterday.IwasgivenabookbyTom.(間接賓語做主語)AbookwasgiventomebyTom.(直接賓語做主語)Let’schallenge:直接賓語間接賓語→Someadvicewasgiventothepupilsbytheteacher.1.

Theteachergavethepupilssomeadvice.→Thepupilsweregivensomeadvicebytheteacher.2.

Theteachertoldustoreadmore.省略to的不定式作賓補→Weweretoldtoreadmorebytheteacher.3.

Thebossmadethemwork12hoursaday.→Theyaremade

towork12hoursaday.不定式作賓語補足語舉一反三:show/give/offer/send/bring/lend/teach/buy舉一反三:tell/ask/help/advise/warn/allow/invite

舉一反三:make/have/watch/see/let/hear/feelRewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.一般過去時的被動語態e.g.Mygrandmatookgoodcareofmydog.→Mydogwastakengoodcareofbymygrandma.奶奶把我的狗照顧得很好。(其中介詞of不能漏掉)含有動詞短語的主動語態變為被動語態時，不可丟掉構成動詞短語的介詞或副詞。注意Paper______first______about2,000yearsagoinChina.A．is;creating B．is;createdC．has;created D．was;created 可用語法判斷法解答本題。句意：在中國，紙大約在兩千年前首先被創造了出來。句中的ago是一般過去時的標志，且紙和創造之間是被動關系。因此本題考查的是一般過去時的被動語態，其結構是：was/were+及物動詞的過去分詞。因此，正確答案是D。D

典例點撥一般過去時的被動語態肯定句主語+am/is/are+過去分詞（+by…)Eg.ThismealwasmadebyTom.否定句主語+am/is/are+not

+過去分詞

(+by…)

Eg.ThismealwasnotmadebyTom.疑問句Am/Is/Are+主語+過去分詞(+by…)?Eg.WasthismealmadebyTom?特殊疑問詞+am/is/are+主語+過去分詞（+by...)?Eg.WhatwasmadebyTom?一般過去時被動語態的結構was/werewas/wereWas/Werewas/were1.Hesawthegirlplaysoccereveryday.(改為被動語態)→Thegirl

playsoccereveryday(byhim).2.Hisfriend

boughthimadictionary.(改為被動語態)→He

adictionary(byhisfriend).(間接賓語做主語)→Adictionary

him(byhisfriend).(直接賓語做主語)4.Ourparentsadvisedusnottogooutalone.(改為被動語態)→We

alone(byourparents).Let’stry:wasseentowasboughtwasboughtforwereadvisednottogooutRewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.1.Theysoldthefridgeatalowprice._______________________________________________________________2.Somebodystolemycamerafrommyhotelroom.________________________________________________________________3.Wheredidyoutakethesephotos?________________________________________________________________4.Ourparentsadvisedusnottogooutalone._________________________________________________________________5.Differentwriterstranslatedthebookintodifferentlanguages.___________________________________________________________________Thefridgewassoldatalowprice.4aPresentationWherewerethesephotostaken?Wewereadvisedbyourparentsnottogooutalone.Thebookwastranslatedintodifferentlanguagesbydifferentwriters.Mycamerawasstolenfrommyhotelroom.n.冰箱adj.低的eatlocklikeringinvitebreaktellbringYou_____________tothepartylastnight,weren’tyou?Whydidn’tyougo?2.Theearthquakehappenedallofasudden,butluckilythevillagers_____________toasafeplace.wereinvitedwerebrought3.Thedoor___________whenwearrived,so

we______thebell.4.Thestudents________nottoeatordrinkinclass.ButRuby_______therulewhenshestartedeatingabiscuitinscienceclass.5.Thecookies_________bythehungrykidsinlessthan20minutes,andtheyreally_____them.waslockedrangweretoldbrokewereeatenliked注意be動詞和時態4bCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.Decidewhetheractiveorpassiveformsshouldbeusedinthesesentences.Writethecorrectformsintheblanks.4cwasinventedwasbornworkedlearnedwasinventedisusedwassaidInventionshavechanged