2021年新高考英語二輪強化復習：閱讀理解精選試題匯編

第一節(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項.

A

VISITTHEMUSEUM

TheNationalGeographicMuseuminWashingtonD.C.hostsrotatingexhibitionsyear-round.

TheNationalGeographicMuseum

114517thStreet,NW

Washington,DC20036

MuseumHours

Monday—Sunday：10AM—6PM

ClosedThanksgivingDayandChristmasDay

MuseumTicketPricing

Adults$15.

Students/Military/Seniors(over$12.

Children(ages5-12)$10.

Children(ages4andunder)FRE

ContributingMemberFRE

MuseumFilm$7.0

Youcanpurchaseticketsonline,overthephoneMonday-Fridaythroughourticketoffice,orinpersondaily

from10：00amto5：00pmatourNationalGeographicMuseumticketdesk.Werecommendpurchasingaheadof

time,asmanyofoureventsselloutquickly.

AboutYourVisit

Withawiderangeofchangingexhibitions,theNationalGeographicMuseumisaperfectdestinationforallages.

VisitorsgettoknowtheworkofNationalGeographicconservationists,photographers,andscientiststhrough

charming,dynamicexhibitions,whichfeatureeverythingfromphotographyandworld-famousartifactstointeractive

learningstationsandbehind-the-scenesstories.

DuringYourVisit

Wedonotstorebagsoranyotherpersonalitems.Wedoofferasmallcoatrackandumbrellabins.Thereisno

foodordrinkallowedinsidethemuseum.Seatingisavailableineachexhibition.TheNationalGeographicSociety

hasacafeandacafeterialocatedinourMStreetbuilding.Ourcafeisopenfrom10：00amto4：30pmandthe

cafeteriafrom11：30amto2：00pmMondaythroughFriday.BothareclosedSaturdaysandSundays.

ContactUs

TheNationalGeographicTicketOffice：202-857-7700|ngtickets@ngs.org(Monday—Friday,10：00am

to4：00pm)

GroupSales：202-807-3232|groupsales@ngs.org

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1.WhencanyouvisittheNationalGeographicMuseum?

A.At8：00am,Friday.B.At7：00pm,Monday.

C.At2：00pm,Christmas.D.At11：30am,Sunday.

2.Howmuchistheadmissionfortwoadultswiththreestudents?

A.$30,B.$60.C.$66.D.$101.

3.Whatwouldyoudotobuygrouptickets?

A.Visitgroupsales@ngs.org.

B.Call202-857-7700.

C.GotoMStreetbuildinginperson.

D.Booktheminadvanceatngtickets@ngs.org.

B

Thesummerbeforemy10thbirthdaymyfathermovedourfamilyofninekidstoafarm.Wehadalwayslivedin

asmallcity,inthehousemydadhadgottenfrommygrandparents?whohadwantedfreshair,greenfoodandlotsof

roomfortheirchildrenbutfailed.Myfatherheldthesamewill.He'dworkedmultiplejobsandsavedformanyyears...

andcouldfinallyaffordaplaceinthecountryside.Nowaminorconcern：thehousehadnorunningwateror

electricity.Buttherewere150acrestorunaroundin!

Thatfirstyearmydadputinelectricity,becausemymomsimplyannounced,"Iwon'thaveoillampswith

childrenrunningaround!"Indoorplumbing（管道系統）hadtowaitanotheryear.Differentfriends,whomydad

knewfromwork,askedifhe'dtaketheirlargedogswhocouldn'trunfreeinthecity.Soweallnowplayedwithabig

orange-brownboxerandasportyGermanShorthairedPointer,whowenamedBillyandMolly.

Minimalismwasourgoal,andalsoouronlychoice.Absolutelyourclotheswerehand-me-downs.Bananasand

orangeswererare"imported"fruitwe'dseenatholidays.Wefeltwewereyoungerthanpeers（同齡人）■一therewas

ONEbirthdaypartyayear!We'dtaketurns...onceevery9yearsachildwouldhavehis/herownparty!

Whilemoneywassoscarce,wehadjoytohandallthetime.Mymotherwasalwayssinging,yelling,orhugging.

Andshetoldusweownedplenty!Tothisday,eachofusremembersthoseyearsasanabundanceofthings,laughter,

arguing,makingpeace,andplayingtogether!Everychallengewasagametodefeat,andanyfailurewasachanceto

learnthere.

4.Whydidtheauthor'sfathermovetheirfamilytoafarm?

A.Tocarryoutthewishofhisparents.

B.Tostartabrandnewlifeinaluxuryhouse.

C.Toimprovethechildren'slivingenvironment.

D.Togetridoftheheavyworkloadinthecity.

5.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?

A.Therewasnoelectricityintheirrooms.

B.Twodogsbecamepartoftheauthor'slife.

C.Theauthor'smotherhadasharptongue.

D.Theirrurallifebecametheenvyoffriends.

6.Whatistheauthor'stoneinparagraph3?

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A.Hopeful.B.Upset.C.Amazed.D.Amusing.

7.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"scarce"inthelastparagraph?

A,Practical.B.Accurate.C.Tight.D.Essential.

C

Thinkofthemanydifferentwaysyouenjoyfishorotherseafood：steamingfishballsoup?grilledsalmon,

boiledshrimpandmore.Nowthinkaboutnothavingthisdeliciousfoodbecauseofnomorefishandseafood.You

wouldlikelymissthemalot,andnotjustyou.Nearlyhalfoftheworld'spopulationreliesonseafoodasamajor

sourceofprotein.

Harvestingfishandothersealifeisn'tbadfortheocean,butharvestingitfasterthanitcanrecoveris.Thisis

calledoverfishing,andthenumberofoverfishedwildstockshastripledinthepast50years.Overfishingaffectsnot

onlyafoodsourcebutmanyeconomies.Manybusinessesandjobsdependonfishingfortheirlivelihoods.Whenfish

stocksshrink,peoplelosetheirmeansofsupportingthemselvesandtheirfamilies.Worldwide,fishingisaUS$362

billionbusiness.Over4millionfishingboatssailthewatersoftheworld.Manyboatsarebecomingincreasingly

efficient,whichincreasesoverfishing.

AccordingtotheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUN,onethirdoftheworld'sfisheriesarebeing

pushedbeyondtheirnaturallimits.Overfishinggoeshandinhandwithbycatch(誤捕的魚).Thismeansunwantedsea

lifeiscapturedalongwiththedesiredcatchandisthrownaway.Thus,billionsoffishalongwithseabirds,seaturtles

andmillionsofsharksarelost.

TheMarineStewardshipCouncil(MSC)hasbeenworkingwithscientists,fisheriesandseafoodproducersfor

over20years.Theyhavedevelopedstandardspromotingsustainablefishing.WhenfisheriesmeetMSC'sstandards,

theoceansandthosewhomakealivingfromthemareprotected.Around15percentofwild-capturefisheriesarenow

MSCcertified.AndFisheryImprovementProjects(FIPS)inmanycountriesareworkingtoincreasethatpercentage.

Whatcanyoudo?LookforMSC'sbluefishlabel,whichappearsonover30,000productsandmenusinalmost

100countries.Buyingaproductwiththislabelmeansyou'resupportingafisherythatiscontributingtohealthier

oceans.

8.Whichofthefollowingopinionswilltheauthorfavor?

A.Weneedtodevelopmorefishrecipes.

B.Manypeopleconsiderseafoodasnutritious.

C.Youcannevereatfishandotherseafoodtoomuch.

D.It'sgreattotreatyourfriendstotastyseafood.

9.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?

A.Manypeoplelivebyfishing.

B.Overfishingisn'talwaysbadfortheocean.

C.Fishingeconomiesarepickingupsoon.

D.Manyboatshavenofishtocatch.

10.Whatmeasurehasbeentakenconcerningoverfishing?

A.Bycatchisthrownback.

B.Moreinvestmentisputinfisheries.

C.Allthecountriesarecalledontoconservetheocean.

D.Somerequirementsforgreenfishingaremade.

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11.What'stheauthor'ssuggestionforreaders?

A.BuyingtheseafoodwithMSC'scertification.

B.LookingforMSC*sbluefishlabelworldwide.

C.Makingcontributionstofishingineco-friendlyenvironment.

D.Predictingabouttheoceansandthefishforyearstocome.

D

Oneofmyfavoritestudiesaskedonegroupofstudentstowriteabouttheir“trueself'.Anothergroupofstudents

wasaskedtowriteabouttheir"everydayself'andathirdgroupofstudentswasaskedtowriteaboutthecampus

bookstore.Afterthewritingtask,thestudentswerethenaskedtoratetheirmeaninginlife.

Theresearcherswereinterestedinhowmuchdetailtheparticipantsprovidedintheirvariousessays,their

assumptionbeingthatthemoredetaileddescriptiononeprovidesaboutone'strueself,themorelikelyone

authentically（真實地）connectswiththatsenseofself.Notsuiprisingly,forthosewritingabouttheireverydayself

oraboutthecampusbookstore,theamountofdetaildidn'thaveanyconnectionwiththeirsenseofpurposeinlife.

However,whenpeoplewroteabouttheirtrueselves,themoredetailedtheessay,themorethepersonexperienced

meaninginlife.

Toliveameaningfullife,then,makesureyouareintouchwithyourself.Ifyoudon'tfollowyourownvalues

anddreams,youaremostprobablyfollowingvaluessetbyothers.Andthereisnothingmoredisappointinginlife

thanlivingsomeoneelse'sdream.Assomewisecrackerhasputit,itisbettertobeyourself,aseveryoneelseis

alreadytaken.

Meaningfulnessisaboutconnection.Whilethismeansthatamajorpartofthemeaningfulnessinone'slife

comesfromconnectingwithothersthroughintimate,caringrelationshipsandthroughbeingabletocontributeto

societyandthoseonecaresabout,youcannotconnectwithothersunlessyouarefirstintouchwithyourself.

Otherwiseitisnotyouwhoisconnectingtoothersbutjustanemptyshell.Onlybyknowingwhatyouarecanyou

starttoauthenticallyconnectwithothers.

So,setouttowriteaboutyourtrueselfandwhoyoubelieveyoureallyareasaperson,whatareyourmost

importantvalues,andwhatyouyourselfwouldliketopursueandhaveinlife.Thenfigureouthowyoucouldmake

thattrueselfmoretheselfthatisrealizedinyoureverydaylifeandwork.

12.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Theprocessofastudy.

B.Themeaninginlife.

C.Threegroupsofstudents.

D.Writingtaskstoevaluatelife.

13.Whafsthefindingoftheresearchers?

A.Everydayselfhasconnectionwiththecampusbookstore.

B.Morevariousessaysinteipretlifemeaningbetter.

C.Theparticipantswithdetailedessayslivemeaningfully.

D.Moretrueselfdescriptionmakesoneexperiencelifemeaningbetter.

14,Whatcanmakeyougenuinelyconnectwithothers?

A.Followingvaluesanddreamssetbyothers.

B.Communicatingwithyourtrueself.

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C.Changing"everydayselfinto"trueself.

D.Beingabletocontributetosociety.

15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.ConnectwithLife-DreamIsValued

B.WhyNotPursueGoalsYouFindUseful?

C.BeYourselfEveryoneElseIsTaken

D.WhyNotBuildCaringRelationshipswithYourself?

1-5DCACB6-10DCBAD11-15AADBC

第一節(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

Nashvilleoffersmanyafter-schooltutoringcenterstohelpkidsdeveloptheirskillsandcreativity.

SpotliteDanceStudio

4075LukeCt,Murfreesboro,TN37128,USA

Tel：(615)4594200

Setupin2006,SpotliteDanceStudioisofferingfullday,halfdayandeveningdancecampstokidsaged

2-18.Wehavefun,newthemeseachweek.Wewillworkondancingtechniquesandplayfungames,activities,

andmore.

STEMBllilders

504AutumnSpringsCt,Franklin,TN37067,USA

Tel：(615)366—9196

Alongwitheducation,tobesuccessfulinlife,reasonablethinking,problemsolvingandteamworkarenecessary

skillsintoday'scompetitivesociety.STEMBuildersprovidesauniquecombinationofscience,technology,

engineering,mathandfun.Bothfoundersofthecenterbeginningin2016havemorethan15yearsofITexperience.

SmileDoctors

152HeritagePark,Murfreesboro,TN37128,USA

Tel：(615)848—0011

Createdin2015,SmileDoctorsprovidesexcellenceinorthodontic(牙齒矯正的)careresultinginbeautiful,

confidentsmilesandunforgettableexperiences.Everyinteractionstrengthenstheideathateachpersonhasvalueasa

humanbeing.Wehopeourpositiveinteraclionswillmotivatekidstoimprovethemselves.

TapRootFarm

905HickoryHillsDr,Franklin,TN37067,USA

Tel：(615)594—3210

Wehavebeenucaretakers“ofthefarmlandforover50years.Comeandjoinusinthejoyofkeepingourfamily

farming!Activitiesofour2019TapRootFarmSummerFarmCamp(June24—29)includehorsebackridingand

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gardening(plantingandharvestingvegetables,herbsandflowers).

1.Whereshouldyougotogrowvegetables?

A.905HickoryHillsDr,Franklin,TN37067.

B.4075LukeCt,Murfreesboro,TN37128.

C.152HeritagePark,Murfreesboro,TN37128.

D.504AutumnSpringsCt,Franklin,TN37067.

2.WhatskillcannotSTEMBuildersprovide?

A.Teamwork.B.Problemsolving.

C.ITexperience.D.Reasonablethinking.

3.Whichcenterhasthelongesthistory?

A.SmileDoctors.B.TapRootFarm.

C.STEMBuilders.D.SpotliteDanceStudio.

B

In2018,Iwantedtodosomethingtobringchangeforpeopleinmycommunity.Icarriedoutresearchto

understandtheproblemsaffectingthemandfoundthatclimatechangewasthegreatestthreat.WhenIrealisedmany

peopleintheruralareasfacedfatalimpactssuchaslandslides,floodsanddroughts,Idecidedtostandup.Seeing

climatechangethreatentheavailabilityoffoodandwaterinmycountrywasawake-upcall.

Wearefocusedandveryclearwithourdemands.Wearenotafraidofholdinggovernmentsandcorporations

accountablefortheclimatecrisisbecausethescienceisclear.Wewillnotgiveupbecauseourfutureisatstake.We

needtodemandforclimateactionasourlivesdependonittoo,becausewedo.FarmersinOntariostoodupagainsta

proposedmegaquarry(采石場)intheirland.Theyheldfestivalstodrawattention,theyspokeupagainstcorporate

miningwhichthreatenedtheirgroundwaterandsoil,theymobilisedmanypeopletostopitandin2012,Highland

Companywithdrewtheirplans.

Ihopetoseetheendofthefossilfuelindustry,andweneedrenewableenergy.Weneedsustainabilityinevery

sectorthroughgreenbuildingandcleantransportation.Ihopetoseerecoveryofourecosystemsthroughplanting

moretrees,havingurbanforestsandprotectingwildlife.Ourexistencedependsonthatofourecosystems.Ihopeto

seemorerecoveryprojectsbuiltinthemostaffectedcommunities.

Therearemanyclimatemovementsallovertheworldandmosthavesocialmediaaccounts.Findalocalgroup

thatyoucanworkwithtodemandclimateaction.Whenpeopleareunited,theycannotbedefeated.Earthisourhome

toprotect.Everyoneisneeded.

4.Whydidtheauthortakeimmediateaction?

A.Hewantedtochangepeopleinhiscommunity.

B.Heremindedpeopleofvaluingfoodandwater.

C.Hewasawareofthedangeroftheclimatechange.

D.Hewasinterestedintheproblemsintheruralareas.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mobilised“inParagraph2mean?

A.Forced.B.Forbade.C.Warned.D.Organized.

6.Whatcanweinferfromthethirdparagraph?

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A.Renewableenergyhasreplacedthefossilfuel.

B.Morerecoveryprojectshavebeenbuiltinmanycommunities.

C.Thefossilfuelindustrydoesharmtoourecosystems.

D.Thefossilfuelindustrydoesn'taccountforourexistence.

7.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?

A.Toappealtopeopletounitetoprotectenvironment.

B.Toclarifytheauthor'scontributionforthecommunity.

C.Torecommendusanewkindofrenewableenergy.

D.Toshowtheimportanceofbanningthefossilfuelindustry.

C

Therearearound100tribesthatliveinglobalisolation,mostlyinSouthAmericaandIndia.

TheSentinelese(250people)havelivedononeoftheAndamanIslandsinEasternIndiafor60,000years.They

protecttheirislandbyfightingagainstpeoplefromoutside.Theirlanguageisdifferentfromanyotherknown

language.

AnotherAndamantribeistheJarawa(300people).Inthepast,theywereindependentandfoughtagainst

anybodytryingtomakecontactwiththem.Butin1998,theIndiangovernmentbuiltaroadacrosstheirland,and

sincethen,they'vehadmorecontactwiththeoutsideworld.

SomeAmazontribesavoidcontactbecauseofunhappymemories.TheMashco——Pirolefttheirvegetable

gardensafterrubbercompanieskilledmostoftheirtribeatthebeginningofthe20thcentury.Thosewhosurvived

becamenomadic(游牧的)andstartedhuntinganimalsintheforest.

TheAwaliveintheAmazonforestsofBrazil.Outof350members,100havenocontactwiththeoutside

world.Theylefttheirvillagesandadoptedanomadiclifestylearound1850toescapeattacksbyEuropeans.Inthe

followingyears,farmersinnearbycommunitiesstartedcuttingthetreestoexpandtheirfarmland.TheAwalostmost

oftheirhuntingland.

ThefewAmazontribesthatstillexistarefightingtokeeptheirtraditionalwayoflife.

Survival,anorganizationthatfightsfortherightsoftribalpeople,saysthatuncontactedtribesarethemost

vulnerable(弱勢的)humansontheplanetandthat,swhytheirenvironmentshouldbeunavailabletotherestofus.

Afteryearsofpressure,theorganizationgotBrazil'sgovernmenttoclearinvadersfromtheAwaland.All

non-Awapeopleareleavingsothetribecangettheirforestback.Butsomethinkit'simpossiblefortribestostay

isolatedforeverinaconnectedworld.Contactwillbemadeoneday.Sothequestionis：Whosechoiceshoulditbe,

oursortheirs?

8.WhatcouldbeIearntabouttheSentinelesefromthetext?

A.TheyspeakthesamelanguageastheJarawa.

B.Theyresistcontactfromtheoutsideworld.

C.Thereareabout350membersintheirtribe.

D.TheyreceivedhelpfromtheIndiangovernment.

9.WhydidtheAwaadoptanomadiclifestyle?

A.ToavoidbeingattackedbyEuropeans.

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B.Toavoidbeingrobbedbyrubbercompanies.

C.Toprotecttheirhuntingland.

D.Tomaintaintheirtraditionalwayoflife.

10.WhatisSurvival,sviewofthetribalpeople?

A.Theyshouldfightfortheirrightsbythemselves.

B.Weshouldshowthemrespectandnotdisturbthem.

C.It'simpossibletostayisolatedfromtheoutsideworld.

D.Weshouldhelpthemgetusedtotheconnectedworld.

11.Howdoestheauthordescribetheisolatedtribes?

A.Doubtfully.B.Critically.C.Indifferently.D.Objectively.

D

Thefutureofspaceexplorationmaydependonanartformfromthepast：origami（折紙藝術），theancientartof

paperfolding.

ResearchersfromWashingtonStateUniversity（WSU）,US,haveusedorigamitopossiblysolvetheproblemof

storingandmovingfueltorocketengines,akeychallengeinspacetravel,accordingtoNewswise.They've

developedafoldableplasticfuel“bladder（囊狀物）“resistanttosupercoldtemperatures,whichcouldbeusedtostore

andpumpfuelinspacecraftsofthefuture.TheirfindingshaverecentlybeenpublishedinthejournalCryogenics.

uFolkshavebeentryingtomakebagsforrocketfuelforalongtime,“saidJakeLeachman,oneofthelead

researchers.uWecurrentlydon,tdolarge,long-durationtripsbecausewecan?tstorefuellongenoughinspace.

Meanwhile,NASAisalsolookingtopaperfoldingtohelpobservedistantplanets.Theagencyiscurrently

developingStarshade,afoldable,sunflower-shapedpieceofhardwarethatwouldhelpblockstarlightandenable

telescopestoviewdistantobjectsmoreclearlyinspace.

“Ahugepartofmyjobislookingatsomethingonpaperandasking,'Canweflythis?MananArya,a

technologistinCalifornia?said.uOnceIrealizedthisishowyoufoldspacecraftstructures,Ibecameinterestedin

origami.IrealizedIwasgoodatitandenjoyedit.Now,Ifoldconstantly.

Usingorigamiforspacepurposesisn'tnew.however.Solararrays（太陽能陣歹!j）,experimentalwingsforspace

shuttleprogramsandaninflatable（可充氣的）satellitewerealsoinspiredbyorigamiinbothpastandpresentspace

projects.

Withmostorigami,themagiccomesfromthefolding,vRobertSalazar,whohelpeddesigntheStarshadeand

nowworksontheTransformersproject,saidinastatement.uTherearesomanypatternstostillbeexplored.,,

12.Whichcanbethesuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Foldingintospace.

B.Theartofpaperfolding.

C.Spaceexploration.

D.Theorigami-inspiredprojects.

13.Howcouldthe"bladder”helpinfuturemissions?

A.Toprotectspacecraftsfromextremeweather.

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B.Tobeusedtostoreandsupplyfuelinspacecrafts.

C.Tohelprocketenginescutenergyconsumption.

D.Tobeusedtoimproveenergyefficiency.

14.WhatcanweknowaboutNASA'sStarshade?

A.Itcanbeusedtogettelescopesclosertostars.

B.Itcanenlargetheviewoftelescopesinspace.

C.Itcanabsorbastar,slightbeforeitenterstelescopes.

D.Itcanhelptelescopesgetclearerpicturesofobjectsinspace.

15.Whatisthistext?

A.Atraveljournal.B.Adigest.C.Asciencereport.D.Anadvertisement.

第一節（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

1—3ACB4—7CDCA8—11BABD12—15ABDC

第一節（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

EducationOutsidetheClassroom

TheLawrencevilleSchoolprovidesstudentswithexperientiallybasedprogrammesthateducatethemin

responsibleleadership,communityengagement,andcharacterdevelopmentthatenhancebothacademicand

non-academicskills.

CommunityService

TheSchool'sCommunityServiceProgrammeencouragesallLawrentianstoconnectwiththegreatercommunity,

givingthemtheopportunitytoengagewithavarietyofpeopleoutsidethestudents'immediateworld.

ModelUN

Studentswilllearntheinner-workingoftheUnitedNationsbyparticipatinginthisprogramme.Duringthefirst

semester,studentsmeetanddiscussimportantworldevents.Duringthesecondsemester,studentsprepareto

participateintheModelUNConferences.

InvestmentProgramme

Theprogrammegivesstudentshands-onexperienceinthefinancialworld.Studentslearnthebasicsofinvesting,

watchtrendsinthemarket,andresearchstocks.Duetoagenerousdonation,thegrouphas$5,000ofrealmoneyto

invest.Gamswillbeinvestedbackintotheprogramme.

FineArts&Literature

Membersmeetweeklytoenjoyacommunityofindividualswhoappreciatethefineartsandliterature.Inthe

spring,theprogrammepublishesacollectionofartwork-photography,drawings,paintings,essays,shortstoriesand

poetry.Additionally,theprogrammehostsbookdiscussionsandfilmscreeningsthroughouttheyear.

1.What'sthesharedgoalofalltheprogrammes?

A.Toimproveacademicskills.B.Toexperiencecommunitylife.

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C.Todevelopoverallcompetence.D.Toencouragesocialinvolvement.

2.Whichprogrammeshouldyouchoosetodevelopgloballeadership?

A.ModelUN.B.CommunityService.

C.FineArtsLiterature.D.InvestmentProgramme.

3.WhatcanbeexpectedoftheInvestmentprogramme?

A.Itmakesaprofitforthoseparticipants.B.Itoffersadvancedmarketingknowledge.

C.Itlaysafoundationforfinancialmanagement.D.Itgivesaccesstosuccessfulbusinessmen.

B

SamMehr,apsychologistalHarvardstartedworkingontheprojectafterhekeptreadinganoverfamiliarlineat

thetopofresearchpapersthatsaid,“musicisuniversal.Buteverytimehecameacrossthestatement,therewasn'ta

citationtobackitup.

Toseeiftherewasanyprooftothisclaim,heandhisfellowresearcherscreatedtwodatabases：onewith

descriptionsfromtheresearchersofwhathappenedwhenmusicfromthe1960swasplaying,andanotherof118

audiorecordingsfrom86differentsocieties.

Hefoundthattherewerethreecharacteristicsofbehaviorthatconsistentlycharacterizedmusic:formality,

arousal(orhowcalmingorexcitingasongwas),andreligiosity—religiousrespect.

Peopledidadecentjobguessingthethemes,especiallyfordancesongsandnurseryrhymes,saysManvirSingh,

aHarvardPh.D.studentinthedepartmentofhumanevolutionarybiology.

“Musicappearsinthishugediversityofbehavioral,social,emotionalcontextinhumansocieties,Singhsays,

“butitdoessosimilarlyacrosssocieties.

“Themusicalbrainmayhaveledtothingsthatwetakeforgrantedinhumannature,likecompassionand

empathy(同情與共'情),becausemusicuniquelycanhelpusachievethosestates,“DanielLevitin,acognitivescientist

who'sdonesimilarresearchonmusicandevolution,explains,"Nottomentionawe,appreciation,andgratitude.”

ForMehrandhisteam,thehuntfordataisjustthebeginning.Thelabisrunningmoredetailedquizzestodig

intohowpeoplerespondtowhattheyhear.Theyalsohopetodostudiesondifferentpopulationslikebabiestosee

howtheyreacttotuneslikenurseryrhymesfromfarawaysocieties.

Singhsayshealsohopestoanalyzelyricsandthewaytheyshapepeople'sfeelingsandactions,evenifit'sina

languagetheydon'tunderstand."Exploringthelyricsallowsustobetterunderstandhowmusiccanbringthese

emotionalorbehavioralresponses,saysSingh,“butalso,inabroaderway,theworldviewofthepeoplewhoa