Unit4SharingⅠ．詞塊記單詞1．getmail收到郵件2．clayfloor黏土地面3．adustytrackcoveredinweeds一條被雜草覆蓋的塵土飛揚的小道4．wearcottonuniforms穿著棉質校服5．downashadedpath沿著一條陰涼的小路下行6．awrinkledforehead滿是皺紋的額頭7．aplatformforJennyandmetosleepon一個供我和珍妮睡覺的平臺8．dragourselvesdownthemountaintowardshome我們吃力地下山回家9．plugholesintheroof填堵屋頂的洞10．resignfromone'sjob辭去某人的工作11．deservetherighttobehappy應有快樂的權利12．askforone'sinput征求某人的意見13．singadifferenttune唱反調；轉變態度14．doacircuitoftheruralvillages到偏遠的農村巡診15．bythecriteria用標準衡量Ⅱ．語境記單詞1．TheroomwasverydustywhenIwalkedin．Allthefurniturewascoveredwithdust．(dust)2．Heisinterestedinchemistryandwantstomajorinchemicalengineeringinuniversityandhisdreamistobecomeachemist．(chemist)3．Manylow-incomefamiliesinbigcitiesneedtobehousedbythegovernmentbecausetheycan'taffordtobuyoneintermsofthehighhousingprices．(house)4．Beforehewaseight,hehadtheabilityofwalking．Butlater,anaccidentcausedhimtolosehislegsandhebecamedisabled,whichmeantthathebecameamanwithdisability．(able)5．LatelyIhavereadthelatestversionofhisnovelwhichhestartedwritingtenyearsago．Lateritwasrepublishedseveraltimes．(late)6．MrSmithisafamouslawconsultantandeverydaymanypeopleconsulthimaboutlawissues．(consult)7．It'simportanttokeepthestabilityoftheframeworksothatitcanstandstablyeventhoughthereisstrongwind．(stable)Ⅲ．語境記短語1．Gettingenoughsleepisimportantforpeople'shealthandaftersuchachorusof(齊聲)complaints,wehadtotakeaction．2．Hehastwobighousesinthiscountry,nottomention(更不用說)hisvillainFrance．3．Iamdyingto(渴望)knowwhenyouwillvisitourcity．4．IranacrossoneofmyoldfriendswhenIwaswalkinginthestreettheotherday(不久前的一天)．5．Thepolicesaidthatthemaninthepicturewasrelatedto(與……有關)therobbery．6．Praythat(但愿)theywilldotherightthing．7．Whatisthemostsignificantmessagethatyouwanttorelayto(傳達給)yourreaders?8．Familyhistoryissomethingmostpeopletakeforgranted(認為……是理所當然)．9．It'ssaidthatupto(多達)fivemillionpeoplevisitthecountryeveryyear．10．It'shardforustoimaginehowthepeopletheregetthrough(度過)thewinter．Ⅳ．公式練句型1．我正在做我的家庭作業，這時有人敲門。(bedoing...when...)Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhentherewasaknockonthedoor．2．他不僅來晚了，而且還忘記了帶書。(notonly...butalso...)Notonlydidheturnuplate,butalsoheforgottobringhisbooks．3．她登上山頂，從山頂上她可以一覽全鎮的風光。(介詞＋關系副詞)Sheclimbeduptothetopofthehill,fromwhereshecouldhaveagoodviewofthewholetown．4．我沿著一條泥濘的小路步行，只要幾分鐘就到學校了。(Ittakessb．sometimetodo...)Ittakesmeonlyafewminutestowalktoschooldownamuddytrack．5．盡管史密斯先生很忙，他還是愿意幫助我們。(evenif/though)MrSmithlikestohelpusevenif/thoughheisverybusy．1．shadevt．給……遮擋(光線)；加燈罩；把……涂暗n．陰涼處；燈罩；陰影部分[素養佳句]I'veheardthat,intheSahara,thereisnoshadeduringtheday,andthestarsseemespeciallybrilliantonclearnights．我聽說在撒哈拉，白天沒有陰涼之處，在晴朗的夜晚星星看起來格外燦爛。(1)shade...from/against...給……遮擋……shade...with...用……遮擋……(2)intheshade在陰涼處undertheshadeof...在……的陰涼下put...intheshade使……黯然失色——單句語法填空①Waterisusuallywarmerindirectsunlightthanintheshade．②Itslongbranchesandleavesshadethemfrom/againstthesun．③Isawthatmerchantsittingundertheshadeofatree,readingabook．——完成句子④Wesatdownintheshadeofthewall．我們在墻根的背陰處坐下。⑤Thetreesprovideshadefortheanimalsinthesummer．夏天，這些樹為動物提供乘涼的地方。⑥Sheshadedhereyesfrom/againstthesun．她遮住眼睛避免陽光直射。2．resignv．辭職；辭去；順從；安于[素養佳句]Hewon'tresignbecausehe'snotaquitter．他不會辭職的，因為他不是一個輕言放棄的人。(1)resignone'sjob/post/position辭去工作/職位resignfrom從……辭職resignoneselfto(doing)sth．順從……；使自己安于(做)某事resignas...辭去當……的職務resign...to...把……托付給……(2)resignationn．辭職；放棄；順從——單句語法填空①Willyouresignfromthecompanyiftheyaskyouto?②Sheresignedaschairpersonandhandedovertoayoungercolleague．③ThebossoftenmadePaulworklonghourssoheresigned(resign)．④Ourteacherencouragesusnottoresignourselves(us)toourfate．——完成句子⑤Heresignedasmanageraftereightyears．八年后，他辭去了經理的職務。⑥Twomembersresignedfromtheboardinprotest．董事會的兩名成員辭職以示抗議。3．deservevt．值得；應得；應受[素養佳句]Althoughheresigned，hestilldidwhateverhecouldtohelpthedisabled，sohedeservedpraising/praise/tobepraised．雖然他辭職了，但他仍然盡他所能幫助殘疾人，所以他值得稱贊。(1)deservetodosth．應該做……；值得做……deservetobedone＝deservedoing……值得被做deserveconsideration/attention/arest值得考慮/注意/應該休息(2)deservedadj．應得的；理所當然的；該受的——單句語法填空①DoyouthinkthatJackdeservestowin(win)thespeakingcontest?②Ithinkthatyoursuggestiondeservestrying/tobetried(try)．③Theenvironmentandthepresentsituationbothdeservepaying/tobepaid(pay)attentionto．④Mariaisconstantlymakingefforts；shedeservestoachieve(achieve)thegoalofenteringthekeyuniversity．——一句多譯保持開放的心態，因為每個人的想法都值得考慮。⑤Keepanopenmind,becauseeveryone'sideasdeserveconsideration．(deserve＋n．)⑥Keepanopenmind,becauseeveryone'sideasdeserveconsidering．(deservedoing)⑦Keepanopenmind,becauseeveryone'sideasdeservetobeconsidered．(deservetobedone)deserve后接動詞-ing形式時，其主動形式表示被動意義，等于動詞不定式的被動語態，有類似用法的動詞還有want,need,require等。4．take...forgranted認為……是理所當然；對……不予重視[素養佳句]Youshouldn'ttakeitforgrantedthatyoucandothejobperfectly．Takeitseriouslyandmakeenoughpreparationsforit．你不應該想當然地認為你能做好這項工作。認真對待，做好充分的準備。eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(take...forgranted,takeitforgrantedthat...))認為……理所當然takeone'stime別著急，慢慢來takesth．seriously認真對待某事take...as...把……當作……takeit/thingseasy輕松；不緊張；從容takeone'sadvice/suggestionsintoconsideration/account考慮某人的建議——單句語法填空①Thedoctortoldmetotakeit/thingseasyforafewweeks．②Whenpeopleaskyoutodosomething,youshouldtakeitseriously(serious)．③Someofusalwaystakeitforgranted(grant)thatourparentsorgrandparentsshouldtakecareofus．④Takeyour(you)time,Jane．Wehaveenoughtimetogotothecinema．——完成句子⑤Don'ttakeyourparents'loveforgranted．別把你父母的愛視為理所當然。⑥Believeitornot,Ialwaystakeyouradvice/suggestionsseriously．信不信由你，我總是認真對待你的建議。takeit/thingseasy是習慣用語，其中easy用作副詞，不能換成easily。5．“介詞＋關系副詞”引導定語從句[素養佳句]Theyclimbedtothetopofthetower,fromwheretheycouldseewhatwashappeninginthedistance．他們爬上了塔頂，從那里他們能看到遠處正在發生的事情。在“介詞＋關系詞”型定語從句中，關系詞常為which和whom，但比較特殊的有fromwhere和sincewhen,fromwhere相當于andfromhere/there,sincewhen相當于andfromthen。——單句語法填空①Hehidhimselfbehindthedoor,fromwherehesawthemantakesomethingonthedesk．②Therearemanywebsites,fromwhichyoucanfindalmostallthenecessaryinformation．——句式升級Alicestoodatthewindow,andfromthereshecouldwatchherclassmatesplayingfootball．③Alicestoodatthewindow,fromwhereshecouldwatchherclassmatesplayingfootball．(定語從句)fromwhich中的which指的是一個地點名詞；fromwhere中的where指的是一個地點狀語。6．evenif/though引導的讓步狀語從句[素養佳句]Evenif/thoughhertrainingmeantthatshehadtoliveapartfromherparents,shewashappytodevoteherselftogymnastics．參加訓練意味著她不能和父母住在一起，但盡管如此，她還是樂意投身體操事業。(1)evenif/though意為“即使；盡管”，通常引導讓步狀語從句。在主從句主語相同時也可采用省略結構。(2)asif/though意為“好像，似乎”。——單句語法填空①(2021·北京卷)Evenif/thoughthismethodoftimekeepingisnovelinitsparticulars，earlyagriculturalsocietiesalsoconnectedtimetonaturalphenomena．②Shewalkedhereandthereontheplaygroundasiflooking(look)forsomething．——句式升級Hewon'tcometoourpartyeventhoughheisinvited．③Hewon'tcometoourpartyeventhoughinvited．(省略句)選詞填空drag;nottomention;lately;uniform;achorusof;platform;praythat;chemist;relayto;stability1．Youcanobtaintheproductfromallgoodchemists．2．Hegotupanddraggedhischairtowardsthetable．3．Thegovernmentisdefendingitseconomicpoliciesagainstachorusofcriticism．4．Nickfinishedwhathewassayingandjumpeddownfromtheplatform．5．I'mwonderingwhatyouwanttorelaytoyourreaders?6．It'stoofartowalk,nottomentionthefactthatithasprobablybeenclosedbynow．7．It'sonlylatelythatJuliahasbeenwellenoughtogoout．8．It'sbelievedthattheconflictscouldthreatenthepeaceandstabilityoftheregion．9．I'mjustprayingthatsomebodyonthecommitteewilldosomethingbeforeit'stoolate．10．Cutdownbetweenthebonessothatallthechopsareofuniformsize．Ⅰ．語境猜詞義1．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Iboughtahandfulofperfectlyripesmallstrawberriesandalittlesweetmelon．adj．成熟的2．(2021·浙江卷1月)AtfirstIgotjammedjustabovemyeyesandthen,asIwentonwithmytask,unwillingtoquit,mynosebrieflypreventedentry．adj．卡住了3．(2020·浙江卷7月)Itriedmakingtoycarswithcardboardboxesandconstructingbuildingsfromleftovercardboardandbitsofwoodmyfathergaveme．adj．剩余的Ⅱ．一詞多義1．(2021·全國甲卷)Eachyear,thehighstandardofentrieshasshownthattheAwardsaretheperfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphotographyoftheBritishlandscape．BA．n．站臺；月臺B．n．機會；平臺C．n．講臺；舞臺D．n．(政黨的)綱領；政綱；宣言2．(2020·天津卷7月)BeforeVinniecouldsayyes,thePresidenthurriedon,ashadeofapologyinhisvoice．DA．n．陰涼處 B．n．燈罩C．n．暗處；陰影部分 D．n．一點；略微E．n．濃淡深淺；色度 F．n．差別；不同Ⅲ．完成句子1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷寫作)Itseemedthattherunwaywasextremelylongforhealthychildren,nottomentionachildwithabraindisease．這條跑道對健康的孩子來說似乎太長了，更不用說一個患有腦部疾病的孩子了。2．(2020·江蘇卷)There,henotonlydidwellasastudentbutalsobecameanaccomplishedpublicspeaker．在那里，他不僅是一名出色的學生，而且成為一名技藝高超的演說家。3．(2020·全國Ⅰ卷寫作)Havingsetagreatexampletous,shefullydeservesmyrespect．她為我們樹立了好榜樣，完全值得我尊敬。4．(2019·江蘇卷寫作)LirecommendsthetraditionalChinesedresswhileSupreferstheschooluniform．李推薦傳統的中國服裝，而蘇更喜歡校服。5．(2018·全國Ⅰ卷寫作)Speakingoftablemanners,keepyourvoicelowduringthemealevenif/thoughyouarenotusedtoit．說到餐桌禮儀，即使你不習慣，吃飯時也要小聲說話。Ⅰ．單詞拼寫1．I'velookedthroughallmypapersbutIstillcan'tfindthecontract(合同)．2．Theministersaidnooneshallhavetheprivilege(特權)oftranscendingthelaw．3．MaryhadbeenwavinggoodbyetoJohnontheplatform(站臺)untilshelostsightofhim．4．Thismandeserves(應得)hisstatusasoneofthemostpopularcomposersinWesternmusicalhistory．5．Bythetimetheystartedsecondary(中等的)school,childrenwerealreadyfarmoreawareoftheirimageonline．6．Neitherrainnorsnowcanstoppostmenfromdeliveringlettersandparcels(包裹)．7．Justfindanotecard,writesomethingbyhand,andthenmail(郵寄)it．8．Seldomhavetheyplayedcomputergameslately(近期)accordingtothesurvey．Ⅱ．單句語法填空1．ThatInternetgianthaslaunchedfreeonlinemedicalconsultation(consult)servicesinanefforttorelievehospitalpressure．2．Ahospitalconsultantsaidconditionswereripe(ripen)foranoutbreakofcholeraandtyphoid．3．ShestartedCampShriveratherhometogivedisabled(disable)childrenafunprogramme．4．Whensheturnedaround，shesawthemendragging(drag)theboatfromtheriver．5．Theroadwassodusty(dust)thatmostofthecarsdroveveryslowly．6．Theproposalwasgreetedwithachorusofapproval．7．Thegamewasrelayed(relay)bysatellitetoaudiencesallovertheworld．8．Whatcriteria(criterion)areusedforassessingastudent'sability?Ⅲ．補全句子1．在我姐姐看來，做志愿者工作是一件榮耀的事情。(privilege)Inmysister'sopinion,it'saprivilegetodovoluntarywork．2．孩子們正在操場上踢足球，這時天開始下雨。(bedoing...when...)Thechildrenwereplayingfootballontheplaygroundwhenitbegantorain．3．房間里有一個小窗子，從那兒我們發現了一個秘密。(fromwhere引導的定語從句)Thereisasmallwindowintheroom,fromwherewefoundasecret．4．太陽給我們提供光與熱。(notonly置于句首)Notonlydoesthesunprovideuswithlightbutalsoitgivesoffheat．5．他雖然經驗最少，卻是最出色的老師。(evenif/though)Heisthebestteacher,evenif/thoughhehastheleastexperience．課時質量評價(三十五)選擇性必修第四冊UNIT4主題語境：公益事業與志愿服務Ⅰ．閱讀理解A(2022·淄博模擬)AfterspendinghiscareerasachefandworkingastheVicePresidentofFoodandBeverageatFireKeepersHotelinMichigan,MichaelMcFarlensawhowmuchfoodwouldgetthrownawayfromthehotel'srestauranteveryday．Aftersomethinking,McFarlencameupwithaplantorunarestaurantinthecommunitythatwouldalsohelpsupportafoodpantry(食品分發處)ontheproperty．AfterpresentingtheideatoFireKeepers'leadership,theywereimmediatelyonboardwiththeplan．InAprilof2016,theFireKeepersHotelanditsowners,theNottawaseppiHuronBandofthePotawatomi,boughtFireStationNo．4,ahistoricfirehouse．Theyrenovated(翻新)thebuildingandturnedthefirestationintoarestaurantandafoodpantrytohelppeoplestrugglingfortheirnextmeal．OnApril19,2017,therestaurant,whichtheynamedTheFireHub,openedtothepublicforthefirsttime．Atthesametime,afoodpantry,whichtheynamedtheKendallStreetFoodPantry(KSFP)openeditsdoorinthebackofthebuilding．“Itreallyisamazing，”KathyGeorge,theChiefExecutiveOfficerofFireKeepers,toldSecondWaveMediaaboutthespecialrestaurantdesignedtosupportthefoodpantry．Thefirstyearofoperationexceededtheirexpectations．Notonlydidtherestaurantattractcustomersbecauseofitspopularityandsustainability,butthefoodpantryhelpedmorepeopleinthefirstyearthantheyeverimagined．Whenyouthinkofpeopleusingfoodpantryservices,youthinkofhomelessorunemployedpeople．Inreality,however,manyofthepeoplewhohaveneededthefoodpantry'shelparepeoplethatareemployedbutstillstruggletoaffordtopayforgroceries．OntopofhelpingruntheKendallStreetFoodPantry,profitsfromtheFireHubarealsogiventononprofitsliketheSafePlaceandtheFoodBankofSouthCentralMichiganInc．“We'rebuildingaresponsiblebusinessthattakesprofitsandgivestononprofits，”McFarlensaid．“Aswegetmoreandmoreinvolved,wewillgivetomanyothercharitiesandnonprofits．”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了由MichaelMcFarlen提議開辦的餐館TheFireHub和公益性的食品分發處。食品分發處幫助了很多人，另外餐館的利潤還被捐給了其他非營利組織。1．WhydidMcFarlenwanttosetupafoodpantry?A．Torecyclewastefood．B．Tobringprofitstothehotel．C．Tohelpfeedthepeopleinneed．D．Torenovateahistoricfirehouse．C細節理解題。根據第二段中的“Theyrenovated(翻新)thebuildingandturnedthefirestationintoarestaurantandafoodpantrytohelppeoplestrugglingfortheirnextmeal．”可知，McFarlen想建一個食品分發處是為了給需要食物的人提供食物。故選C。2．Whatdoesthephrase“onboardwith”inParagraph2mean?A．Opposedto． B．Doubtfulabout．C．Indifferentto． D．Infavourof．D詞義猜測題。根據第二段中的“InAprilof2016,theFireKeepersHotelanditsowners,theNottawaseppiHuronBandofthePotawatomi,boughtFireStationNo．4,ahistoricfirehouse．Theyrenovated(翻新)thebuildingandturnedthefirestationintoarestaurantandafoodpantrytohelppeoplestrugglingfortheirnextmeal．”可知，McFarlen向FireKeepers酒店的領導提出這個想法后，他們立即同意了這個計劃。所以onboardwith意為“支持”。故選D。3．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheKSFPprogramme?A．Charitable． B．Costly．C．Conventional． D．Profitable．A推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“OntopofhelpingruntheKendallStreetFoodPantry,profitsfromtheFireHubarealsogiventononprofitsliketheSafePlaceandtheFoodBankofSouthCentralMichiganInc．”可知，KSFP項目是慈善性質的。故選A。4．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Thepantrymerelyservesthepeopleoutofajob．B．TheFireHubwillcontributemorecontinuously．C．Thelocalcitizensarelackinginjobopportunities．D．Thefoodinthepantryisaffordableforthehomeless．B推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的“‘We'rebuildingaresponsiblebusinessthattakesprofitsandgivestononprofits，’McFarlensaid．‘Aswegetmoreandmoreinvolved,wewillgivetomanyothercharitiesandnonprofits．’”可知，TheFireHub將不斷做出貢獻。故選B。BBobShahmardiwas4yearsoldwhenhedevelopedaseveredisease．Successrateswiththediseasewererelativelylowatthattime,buthisfamilywasluckytofindacommunitythatwashelpfulwhentheydidn'thavemanyresourcesanditwasatthattimethatMake-A-Wishsteppedin．Throughthatorganisation,theShahmardifamilygottoenjoyatriptoWaltDisneyWorldResortinFlorida．Thenthe4-year-oldhuggedacharacteractoraspartofawishgrantedtohimandhisfamilybytheorganisation．“Itwasn'tjustgoingonatrip．Itwasmoreabouthowwegotthroughthathardtime．Itwasfunforme,butitwasalifelineformyparents，”saidBob．30yearslater,Bobandhiswife,JillWelch,decidedtoturntheirweddingintoafundraiserfortheMake-A-WishFoundation．Theirweddingguestsfinancedtwowishesoflocalchildren,withmorebeingplanned．Manydonatedgenerouslytothecause,spendingmore,perhaps,thantheymighthaveifitwasjusttobuythecoupleaweddinggiftlikefinechinaorakitchenappliance．BobsaidtheirweddingdonationtotheMake-A-WishFoundationisn'tgoingtobea“one-and-done”situation．Thesecondplanoncontinuingtocontributeisgoingforward．GloriaJetterCrockett,presidentandchiefexecutiveofficeroftheorganisation,saidshefeltitamazingtohavesomeonewhobenefitedcomebacktopayitforwardtootherkidslookingforwishes．Contrarytopopularbelief,Gloriastressedthatwishesaren'tgiventocriticallyillchildrenasa“lastwish”，butaregivenasapartofthetreatmentpro