2021年上海閔行區(qū)高三二模英語(yǔ)試卷-學(xué)生用卷

一、語(yǔ)法填空(本大題共10小題)

1、【來源】2021年上海閔行區(qū)高三二模第21~3。題

EverywhereIlookoutsidemyhomeIseepeoplebusyontheirhigh-techdevices,whiledriving,

walking,shopping,evensittingintoilets.1connectedelectronically,theyare

awayfromphysicalreality.

People2(influence)tobecometechnologyaddicted.Onesurvey

reportedthat"addicted"wasthewordmostcommonlyusedby

people3(describe)theirrelationshiptoiPadandsimilardevices.Onestudy

foundthatpeoplehadahardertime4(resist)thetemptationofsocialmedia

thantheydidforsleep,cigarettesandalcohol.

Themaingoaloftechnologycompaniesistogetpeopletospendmoremoneyandtimeontheir

products,nottoactuallyimproveourqualityoflife.Theyhavesuccessfullycreatedaculturaldisease.Isee

people5(trap)inapathological(病態(tài)的)relationshipwithtime-consuming

technology,6theyservetechnologymorethantechnologyservesthem.Icall

thistechnologyservitude(奴役).Iamreferringtoalossofpersonalfreedomand

independence7uncontrolledconsumptionofmanykindsofdevicesthateat

uptimeandmoney.

Whatisahealthyuseoftechnologydevices?Thatisthevitalquestion.Whoisreallyinchargeofmy

life?Thatiswhatweneedtoask8ifwearetohaveanychanceofbreaking

upfalsebeliefsabouttheuseoftechnology.Whenwecanlivehappilywithoutusingsomuchtechnology

foradayoraweek,thenwecanregaincontrolandpersonalfreedom,becomethemasteroftechnology

anddiscoverwhatthereistoenjoyinlifefreeoftechnology.MaeWestisfamousfbrthewisdomthat"too

muchofagoodthingiswonderful."9it*stimetodiscoverthatitdoesnot

workfortechnology.

RichardFernandez,anexecutivecoachatGoogleacknowledgedthat"wecanbesweptawaybyour

technologies."Tobreakthegranddigitalconnection,peoplemust

consider10lifelongagocouldbefantasticwithouttoday'soverused

technology.

二、選詞填空（本大題共10小題）

2、【來源】2021年上海閔行區(qū)高三二模第31~4。題

A.potentialB.limitlessC.attachedD.initialE.pxmiotionEappealG.expand

H.equalI.recognitionJ.threatenK.practice

Celebrity（名人）hasbecomeoneofthemostimportantrepresentativesofpopularculture.Fansusedto

becrazyaboutaspecificfilm,butnowthepublictendstobaseitsconsumptionontheinterestof

celebrity1toanygivenproduct.Besides,fashionmagazineshavealmost

abandonedthe2ofputtingmodelsonthecoverbecausetheydon'tsellnearly

aswellasfamousfaces.Asaresult,celebritieshaverealizedtheirunbelievablypowerful

market3,movingfromadvertisingfbrothers'productstodevelopingtheirown.

Celebrityclothinglinesaren'tacompletelynewphenomenon,butinthepast,theyweretypically

aimedattheordinaryconsumers,andlimitedtoafewTVactresses.Todaythey'restartedbyfirst—class

starswhoseproductsenjoy4famewithsomeworldtopbrands.Themost

successfulstart-upshavebeenthosebycelebritieswithspecificpersonalstyle.Ascelebritiesbecomemore

andmoreexperiencedatthemarket,theytryto5theirproductionscale

rapidly,coveringalmostalltheproductsofdailylife.

However,foreverysuccessstory,there*sarelatedwarningtaleofacelebritywhoovervaluedhis

consumer6.Nomatterhowfamoustheproduct'soriginis,ifitfailstoimpress

consumerswithitsownqualities,itbeginstoresembleanexerciseinself-promotionalmarketing.And

oncethe7attentiondiesdown,consumerinterestmightfade,loyalty

returningtotried-and—truelabels.

Today,celebritiesfaceevenmoresevereembarrassment.Thepop-culturalcirclemightbebigger

thanever,butitsrateofturnoverhasspeededupaswell.Eachmisstepislikely

to8toreduceacelebrity'sshelflifeandthesamenewspaperormagazinethat

oncebroughthimfamehasnoproblempickinghimtopieceswhentheopportunityappears.Still,theego*s

（自我的）potentialfbrexpansionis9.Havingalreadyachievedgreatwealth

andpublicU）,manycelebritiesseefashionasthenextfrontiertobeconquered.

Asthesayinggoes,successandfailurealwaysgohandinhand.Theirsuccessasdesignersmightlastonly

ashorttime,butfashion一likecelebrity一hasalwaysbeentemporary.

三、完形填空（本大題共15小題）

3、【來源】2021年上海閔行區(qū)高三二模第41~55題

Manythingshappenwhenpeopleareageing.Apartfromthegreyinghairandwrinkledskin,thereis

a（n）1changewhichcomeswitholderage.Whenhumansreachtheirlater

years,theyfavourmorelong-term2andtheirsocialcircleisreduced.

Now,forwhatappearstobethefirsttime,scientistshaveseenthe

same3inanotherspecies.Twentyyearsofobservationsofchimpanzees（猩

猩）revealthatoldermaleschoosetokeepcontactwiththeir4friendsatthe

expenseofotherrelationships.

Theresearchersstudied78,000hoursofobservationsmadebetween1996and2016thatfollowedthe

social5of21malechimpanzeesbetweentheagesof15and58yearsold.

Theyclassifiedthechimps*6dependingontheamountoftimetheysatwith

othersandgroomed（梳毛）them.Theythenrated（分類）thevariouspairingsasmutual（相互的）

friendships,wherebothchimpsseemedtoenjoytherelationship;7friendships,

whereonechimpwasmorekeentobefriendsthantheother;andnon-friendships,whereneitherchimp

showed8theother.

Whenthescientistslookedatthe9offriendships,theyfoundthatthe

olderchimpshadmoremutualfriendshipsandfewerone-sidedfriendshipsthanyoungerchimps.

Another10seeninolderhumanswasalsospottedinthechimps.Asthemales

gotolder,theirlevelsofHgraduallybecomeless,meaningtheystartedfewer

fightsandtendedtothreatenothersintheirgrouplessoften.

Theobservationshavelefttheresearchers[2.Accordingtoanideain

psychologyknownassocio-emotionalselectivitytheory,olderhumansprefer

more[3relationshipsbecausetheyareawarethattimeisrunningout.

However,manyanimalexpertsarguethatchimpanzees14thehumansenseof

mortality（死亡）,suggestingsomethingelseisdrivingthebehaviour.

RobinDunbar,aprofessorofevolutionarypsychologyattheUniversityofOxford,saidinhumans,

the[5socialcircleswithageisduetodecliningsocialmotivationtogetout

andmeetpeoplecombinedbylackofopportunity.Inchimpanzees,asoldermalescompetelessformates,

theymayfocusonclose,reciprocal（互惠的）relationshipswithtrustedpartners,hesaid.

A.physicalB.intellectualC.emotionalD.functional

A.habitsB.friendsC.tasksD.ideas

A.problemB.obstacleC.struggleD.behaviour

A.establishedB.respectiveC.experiencedD.thoughtful

A.skillsB.reputationsC.interactionsD.positions

A.intelligenceB.relationshipsC.popularityD.performances

A.easy-goingB.warm-heartedC.self-relyingD.one-sided

A.respectforB.couragetoC.interestinD.loyaltyto

A.patternsB.importanceC.meaningsD.development

A.instinctB.disadvantageC.featureD.belief

A.responsibilityB.aggressionC.reliabilityD.advancement

A.delightedB.amusedC.relivedD.puzzled

A.unknownB.positiveC.insecureD.senseless

A.lackB.obtainC.imitateD.abandon

A.absencefromB.isolationfromC.decreaseinD.distinctionin

四、閱讀理解（本大題共11小題）

4、【來源】2021年上海閔行區(qū)高三二模第56~59題

Eachday,1O-year-oldSethaskedhismomformoreandmorelunchmoney.Yetheseemedskinnier

thaneverandcamehomefromschoolhungry.ItturnedoutthatSethwashandinghislunchmoneytofifth

grader,whowasthreateningtobeathimupifhedidn'tpay.

Mostkidshavebeenteasedbyabrotherorafriendatsomepoint.Anditsnotusuallyharmfulwhen

doneinaplayfulandfriendlyway,andbothkidsfinditfunny.Butwhenteasingbecomeshurtful,unkind,

andconstant,itcrossesthelineintobullyingandneedstobestopped.

Bullyingisintentionaltorment（折磨）inphysicalorpsychologicalways.Itcanrangefromhitting,

name-callingandthreatstoblackmailing（勒索）moneyandpossessions.Somekidsbullyothersby

deliberatelyseparatingthemandspreadingrumoursaboutthem.Othersusesocialmediaorelectronic

messagingtomakefunofothersorhurttheirfeelings.

It'simportanttotakebullyingseriouslyandnotjustbrushitoffassomethingthatkidshavetotolerate.

Theeffectscanbeseriousandaffectkids*senseofsafetyandself-worth.Inseverecases,bullyinghas

contributedtotragedies,suchassuicidesandschoolshootings.

Kidsbullyforavarietyofreasons.Sometimestheypickonkidsbecausetheyneedavictim一

someonewhoseemsemotionallyorphysicallyweaker,orjustactsorappearsdifferentinsomeway一to

feelmoreimportant,popular,orincontrol.Althoughsomebulliesarebiggerorstrongerthantheirvictims,

that'snotalwaysthecase.

Sometimeskidsbullyothersbecausethat'sthewaythey*vebeentreated.Theymaythinktheir

behaviorisnormalbecausetheycomefromfamiliesorothersettingswhereeveryoneregularlygetsangry

andshoutsorcallseachothernames.

Unlessyourchildtellsyouaboutbullying-orhasvisibleinjuries-itcanbedifficulttofigureoutif

it'shappening.

(1)Whatistheauthor'spurposeoftellingSeth'sstory?

A.Tointroducethetopicofbullying.

B.Toseekhelpforthevictimsofbullying.

C.Toanalyzethecauseofbullying.

D.Todisplaytheeffectsofbullyingonkids.

(2)Whatdoesthephrase"brushitoff(inparagraph4)probablymean?

A.Removebullying.

B.Ignorebullying.

C.Avoidbullying.

D.Punishbullying.

(3)Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingaboutbullyingisNOTtrue?

A.Bullyingisaccidentalbehaviors.

B.Thosewhobullygetemotionalsatisfaction.

C.Theweakareeasytobebullied.

D.Theexperienceofbeingbulliedcanleadtobullying.

(4)Whatwillthefollowingparagraphmostprobablytalkabout?

A.Problemsofbullying.

B.Causeandeffectofbullying.

C.Signsofbullying.

D.Psychologicalreasonsofbullying.

5、【來源】2021年上海閔行區(qū)高三二模第60~62題

片macmillandictionary

WelcometotheonlineMacmillanDictionaryoftheBUZZWORDofthemonth.

Wordentry-JOMO

JOMOisanacronym(首字母縮略詞)standingfortheexpression,anditsimplyreferstothe

gratifyingfeelingyougetwhaiyoubreakawayfromthe(realorvirtual)activitiesofyoursocialgroupandspent

timedoingexactlywhatyoumostwanttodo.

JOMOisoftendescribedasaresistagainstthehyper-connectedsocietywelivein,wheretechnologypushesbotii

socialandprofessionalactivityconstantlyinourfaces,sothatifsvirtuallyimpossibletobehappilyunawareo:

whateveryoneelseisdoing.Thisoftenforcesusintospendingtimeinwayswhichwewouldn'tnecessarilyhave

chosen.JOMOthen,isaboutsteppingoffthesocialfashionandreconnectingwithwhatreallymakesushappy.

Background-JOMO

Theconcq)tofJOMOfirstappearedin2012,itsearlyuseoftencreditedtobloggerAnilDashwho,havingto

withdraw&ombothon-andofflineactivityfbraperiodafterthebirthofhisson,realizedthathe'denjoyec

tiimselfgreatlyanddidn'tfeelhe'dmissedoutonanythingatalt

JOMOisaplayontheearlieracronymFOMO,meaning"fearofmissingout",whichisusedtodescribethe

feelingofanxietythatpeopleexperiencewhentheydiscover,oftenviasocialmedia,thattheyVeletgoona

socialeventorotherpositiveexperience.

rheexistenceofexpressionslikeJOMOsuggestthal,althoughwe'reunlikelytoresisttechnologycompletely

themaredeeplyweimmerse(沉浸)init,themorewe'rebeginningtoevaluateitsholdonus.Othwnewly

createdcombinedwordsreflectingtitiisZeitgeistincluderingxiety,theconstantneedtocheckyourphoneor

mistakenlythinkiiigitsringing,phubbing9therelatedconditionofbeingimpoliteinsocialsituationsbychecking

yourphone,tablet,etc.,andinfobesity,continuousaddictiontodigitalinfbnnationinawaywhichafiectsyour

abilitytoconcentrate.

(1)Whichofthefollowingphrasescanbeputintheblank(inthe4thline)?

A.JustOppositeMyOpinion

B.JoyofMissingOut

C.JumpoffMentalObstacle

D.JustifyOurMainObjective

(2)Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisastateofJOMO?

A.Youarebusywithareport,soyoudon，thavetoattendastaffmeeting.

B.Youarenotfeelingwell,soyouareallowedtoleavetheworkearlier.

C.Youreceivedadinnerpartyinvitation,butyoupreferredtostayhome.

D.Youweretiredoutafterwork,butyouheardyourfavoritesongontheradio.

(3)Theword"Zeitgeist"(inthelastparagraph)probablyrefersto.

A.amixedorunfavorablefeelingtowardtechnology

B.atrendtousenewwordsrelatedtotechnology

C.thefearofnegativeinfluenceoftechnologyonpeople

D.thelackofabilitytousetechnologyproperly

6、【來源】2021年上海閔行區(qū)高三二模第63?66題

Onceuponatime,sciencefictionwasjustastyleamongotherstyles.Therewerecrimestories,there

werehorrorstories,therewasliteraryfiction,andtherewassciencefiction.Buttodaysciencethemes

dominatetheseotherstyles.It'sdifficulttothinkofmuchmoderncrime,horroror"serious"fictionthat

doesn'tinvolvescience.

Andit*snotjustbooks.Witheverysecondmovieandcomputergamehavingasci-fielement,science

fictionseemstohavecontrolledourentireentertainmentculture.It*sclearthatifwewanttodefinescience

fiction,weshouldrelateittotherolethatscienceplaysinourlives.

Althoughsomeexpertshaveclaimedtobeabletotracesci-fibacktoancienttimes,itismore

reasonabletofinditininitialforminthe19thcentury,whenindustrialsocietiesarose.Oneofthefeatures

thatsetindustrialsocietiesapartfromotherkindswastheincreasingpartthatscienceplayedineveryday

life.Factorieswithvastmachinesturnedouthugequantitiesofgoods,whichweretransportedbytrains,

motorvehiclesandshipsallovertheworld.Citieswerebuiltonthebackoftechnology,withelectricityin

homesandhospitalshelpingeveryonetoleadhealthier,moreconvenientlives.Allofthesechangeshad

greateffectsnotonlyonpeople'sreallives,butontheirimaginativeones.

Writersbegantodescribethesechangingphysicalandmentallandscapes,eventuallygivingscience

fictionalargeanddevotedfanbaseofespeciallyyoungreaders,whofoundthatitspoketotheircuriosity

aboutthefuturethatsciencewouldcreate.

Butsci-fictionreflectedfearsaboutsciencemorethanitdidhopes.Thesetypicalearlysciencefiction

novelsmightbeaUKnovellikeH.G.Wells*TheWaroftheWorlds(1897).Withgreatskill,Wells

playeduponthefearsoftechnologybyimaginingEarthunderthreatbyacivilization-thatofmenfrom

Mars.

Thesciencefictionoftodayexpressestheimpactofthecomputingrevolution,roboticsandour

environmentalchallenges,whileitislessconcernedwith"littlegreenmenfromMars"andotherthemesof

pastsci-fiction.

Giventhatscience,technologyandpoliticsarealwaysintertwined,contemporarysciencefictionoften

hasagreatdealtosayaboutpower.Manyrecentnovels——likeAmericanCoryDoctorow'sLittle

Brother(2008)—areconcernedwithgovernmentandsecurityservice“conspiracies(陰謀)

"againstthepeople,particularlyastherevelationsofwhistleblowerslikeEdwardSnowdensinkin.This

cangivesci-fiwritinga''skeptical(懷疑的)"feel.

Thisunderlinesoneofthefeaturesthatremainsconstantbetweenthebeginningsoftheempireof

sciencefictionanditsstatetoday.

Asthen,sonow:Wewanttoreadabouthowfearfulthefuturewillbe,nothowitwillbeaparadise.

(1)Accordingtothefirstparagraph,weknowthat.

A.sciencefictionusedtotaketheleadershipinliterature

B.horrorstoryandliteraryfictionhaveinitiatedsciencefiction

C.modernfictionreflectstheinfluenceofsciencefiction

D.sciencefictionisthedominantliteraturestyleatpresenttime

(2)Whatcausedsciencefictiontoappearinthe19thcentury?

A.Thecuriosityofyoungreadersaboutthefuture.

B.Thechangesthattheindustrialrevolutionbroughtabout.

C.People'sstretchedimaginationaffectedbytheirreallife.

D.People，sfearsaboutscienceratherthanhopes.

(3)Accordingtothepassage,whatdoweknowabouttheearlysciencefiction?

A.Itarousedpeople'scuriosityofscienceondailylife.

B.Itintensifiedpeople'sworriesaboutthesocialproblems.

C.Itpromotedpeople'sunderstandingofthetruevalueofscience.

D.Itconveyedanatmosphereofimaginaryanxietiestopeople.

（4）Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A.Despitethecontent,thethemeofsciencefictionremainsthesame.

B.Thefearofouterspaceattackhaslongbeenaworryamongpeopleoftimes.

C.Theappearanceofsciencefictionhascausedmisunderstandingamongpeople.

D.Sciencefictionisweakeninggovernmentpowerimplementedonpeople.

五、信息匹配（本大題共4小題）

7、【來源】2021年上海閔行區(qū)高三二模第67~70題

Who'sincontrolofyourlife?Who'spullingyourstrings?1Welearned

thiswayofoperatingwhenwewereveryyoung,ofcourse.Wewerebrainwashed.Wediscoveredthat

feelingimportantandfeelingacceptedwasaniceexperienceandsowelearnedtodoeverythingwecould

tomakeotherpeoplelikeus.AsOscarWildeputsit,"Mostpeopleareotherpeople.Theirthoughtsare

someoneelse*sopinions,theirlivesamimicry（模仿）,theirpassionsaquotation."

Sowhenpeopletellushowwonderfulweare,itmakesusfeelgood.Welongforthisgoodfeeling

likeadrug-weareaddictedtoitandseekitoutwhereverwecan.2Justas

drugaddictsandalcoholicsliveworsenedlivestokeepgettingtheirfix（成癮物）,weworsenourown

existencetogetourownconstantfixofapproval.

Butjustaswithanydrug,thereisapricetopay.Thepriceoftheapprovaldrugisfreedom-the

freedomtobeourselves.Thetruthisthatwecannotcontrolwhatotherpeoplethink.Peoplehavetheir

ownscheduleandtheycomewiththeirownbaggageand,intheend,they'remoreinterestedinthemselves

thaninyou.3Everyonehasadifferentwayofthinking,andpeoplechange

theiropinionsallthetime.Thepersonwhotriestopleaseeveryonewillonlyendupgettingexhaustedand

probablypleasingnooneintheprocess.

Sohowcanwetakebackcontrol?4Weshouldguideourselvesby

meansofasetofvalues-notvaluesimposedfromtheoutsidebyothers,butinnatevalueswhichcomefrom

within.Ifwearedrivenbythesevaluesandnotbythechangingopinionsandvaluesystemsofothers,we

willliveamoreauthentic,effective,purposefulandhappylife.

A.It'stheinnerselfborninourmindthatiskeepingusundercontrol.

B.Furthermore,ifwetrytolivebytheopinionsofothers,wewillbuildourlife

onsinkingsand.

C.Asamatteroffact,peoplesometimesfailtounderstandwhotheyareandwhere

theyaregoing.

D.Forthemostofus,it'sotherpeople-society,colleagues,friends,familyorour

community.

E.Ithinkthere，sonlyoneway-makeaconsciousdecisiontostopcaringwhatother

peoplethink.

F?Therefore,wearesoeagerfortheapprovalofothersthatweliveunhappyand

limitedlives,failingtodothethingswereallywantto.

六、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題）

8、【來源】2021年上海閔行區(qū)高三二模第71題

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassagein

nomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Thesedays,it'snotunusualtoseemiddle-agedmencollectingStarWarsactionfigures,office

workerswearingHelloKittyaccessories,orcelebritieslikeDavidBeckhamplayingwithLegobricks.It*s

becomingmoreandmorecommontoseeadulttakinganinterestintoys,comicbooksandtheactivities

thataretraditionallyassociatedwithchildren.Thisphenomenonhasgivenrisetoanewword:kidult.

Whatliesbehindthephenomenon?Oneisaboutadults1nostalgia（懷I日的）forthecarefreedaysof

childhood,andthisisespeciallytruewithtoday'sfast-paced,stressfullifestyles.Anotherisaboutasocietal

changeinrecentdecadeswherepeoplearestartingfamilieslater.Asaresult,theyhavemoretimeand

moneytospendonthemselves.Someadultscouldonlywindow-shopfortheirdreamtoyswhentheywere

kids,butnowtheycanaffordthatradio-controlledcarorhigh-priceddolltheyhavealwayswanted.

Societytraditionallydisapprovesofadultswhorefusetoputasidechildhoodinterests,viewingthe

refusalasasignofsocialimmaturity（不成熟）andirresponsibility.Thosewhoagreewiththisview

sometimesclaimthatkidultsaresufferingfromthepop-psychologyconceptknownasPeterPan

Syndrome,ananomaly（異常）thatpeopleremainemotionallyatthelevelofteenagers.

Fromthestandpointofkidults,though,thisphenomenonisseenasnothingbutharmlessfun.Kidults

insistthathavingyouthfulinterestskeepsthemyoung,happyandcreative,andtheirrefusaltoconformto

society'sacceptabletastesshowsindependentthinking.Besides,theyarguethatbeingpartofthesocial

trendofdelayedadulthoodisnotpurelyapersonalchoice.Therealcausesincludeexpensivehousing,

increasededucationalrequirementsforemploymentandpoorworkopportunities.

七、翻譯(本大題共4小題)

9、【來源】2021年上海閔行區(qū)高三二模第72題

翻譯

天氣這么好，周六去植物園野餐好嗎？(Whynot…)

10、【來源】2021年上海閔行區(qū)高三二模第73題

翻譯

我現(xiàn)在比以前掙得多了，每月支付日常開銷后還能存一些錢。(make)

11、【來源】2021年上海閔行區(qū)高三二模第74題

翻譯

我外婆眼力不濟(jì)了，看不了太小的字，需要一部適合老年人的手機(jī)。(suitable)

12、【來源】2021年上海閔行區(qū)高三二模第75題

翻譯

獲得粉絲大量點(diǎn)贊后他感概萬(wàn)千，回想起創(chuàng)業(yè)之初經(jīng)歷的種種磨難，他不禁失聲痛哭。(can'thelp)

八、書面表達(dá)(本大題共1小題)

13、【來源】2021年上海閔行區(qū)高三二模第7