2020-2021學年北京延慶區(qū)初三第一學期英語期末試卷及答案知識運用一、單項填空從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1.Lastweek,thetwinschoseadressfor_____motherasabirthdaygift.A.her B.them C.their D.his【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：上周，雙胞胎為他們的媽媽選了一件連衣裙作為生日禮物。考查代詞辨析。her她的；them他們；their他們的；his他的。根據thetwins可知“雙胞胎為他們的媽媽買了生日禮物”。故選C。2.StanLee,thefatherofMarvelComic,passedaway_____Nov.12th,2018.A.on B.at C.in D.over【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：2018年11月12日，漫威之父斯坦·李去世。考查介詞辨析。on表示具體的某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上；at表示具體的時間點；in用于較長的一段時間（世紀、年代、季節(jié)、月份等）或是表示泛指的上午、下午等前面；over超過。根據“Nov.12th,2018”可知，此處指的是2018年11月12日具體的這一天，所以用介詞on，故選A。3.Sorry,Imustgotothelibrary.Lily_____formethere.A.waited B.iswaiting C.waits D.waswaiting【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：對不起，我必須去圖書館。莉莉在那里等我。考查動詞的時態(tài)。waited一般過去時；iswaiting現在進行時；waits一般現在時；waswaiting過去進行時。結合語境、前一句“Sorry,Imustgotothelibrary.”和空后“formethere”可知作者現在必須得去圖書館，因為莉莉正在那里等作者，所以本句用現在進行時，表示作者說話時莉莉正在進行的動作。故選B。4.WilliamShakespeareisoneof__________writersintheworld.A.famous B.morefamous C.mostfamous D.themostfamous【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：威廉·莎士比亞是世界上最著名的作家之一。考查形容詞的最高級。famous著名的；morefamous比較級；mostfamous最高級；themostfamous最高級。根據比較范圍intheworld可知此處應用形容詞最高級，且形容詞的最高級前必須加定冠詞the。故選D。錯因分析①考生沒能根據“oneof”與“intheworld”判斷出本題使用形容詞的最高級；②考生忽略了形容詞最高級前必須加the。【點睛】形容詞最高級用法：the+形容詞最高級+名詞+表示范圍的短語或從句，如Jackisthetalleststudentinhisclass.oneofthe+形容詞最高級+可數名詞復數+表示范圍的短語或者從句，如Chinaisoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld.比較級形式表達最高級意義，“比較級+thananyother+可數名詞單數”“比較級+thantheother+可數名詞復數”或“比較級+thantherestof+the+可數名詞復數”來表達最高級意義，如Juliaistallerthananyothergirlinherclass.5.—_____yougotocinemawithmethisSaturday?—Sorry,Ican’t.ThisSaturdayismymother’sbirthday.A.May B.Can C.Must D.Need【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——這個星期六你能和我一起去看電影嗎?——對不起，我不能。這個星期六是我媽媽的生日。考查情態(tài)動詞。May可以；Can能、能夠；Must必須、一定；Need需要。根據答語“Sorry,Ican’t.”使用了can來回答，可知前面的問句一般應是用can來引導，意為“能、會”，故選B。6.Washyourhandsbeforemeals,________youmaygetill.A.and B.but C.or D.so【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：飯前洗手，否則你可能會生病的。本題考查連詞。and而且，but但是，or否則，so所以。結合句意，“飯前不洗手”是“你可能會生病”的條件，故選C。7.—_____willthetalkshowstart?—Itwillstartat8:00.A.When B.Why C.How D.Where【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——脫口秀什么時候開始？——它會在八點開始。考查特殊疑問句。When什么時候；Why為什么；How怎樣；Where在哪里，根據答句“Itwillstartat8:00”可知，問的是脫口秀什么時候開始，故選A。8.—Whatwereyoudoingthistimeyesterday?—I_____theclassroom.A.havecleaned B.wascleaning C.cleaned D.clean【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——昨天這個時候你在干什么？——我在打掃教室。考查動詞時態(tài)。根據上文“Whatwereyoudoingthistimeyesterday?”可知，下文是過去進行時，其結構是bedoing的形式。主語是I是第三人稱單數，be動詞用was。Iwascleaningtheclassroom.“我正在打掃教室”。故選B。9.I_____playingthispieceofmusicfortwomonths,soIplayitbetter.A.practice B.practicedC.willpractice D.havepracticed【答案】D【解析】【分析】【詳解】句意：我已經練習彈這首音樂兩個月了，所以彈得更好了。考查現在完成時。根據fortwomonths可知時態(tài)是現在完成時，結構是have/has+過去分詞。故選D。【點睛】

10.Myfatheroften_____tothegymwithmethoughhehaslotsofworktodo.A.went B.hasgone C.goes D.willgo【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：雖然我爸爸有很多工作要做，但他經常和我一起去健身房。考查動詞時態(tài)。由often“經常”可知句子時態(tài)用一般現在時，gotothegym“去健身房”，主語Myfather是第三人稱單數，所以謂語動詞也要用第三人稱單數形式，故選C。11.The24thWinterOlympicGames______inBeijingandZhangjiakouin2022.A.holds B.isheld C.willhold D.willbeheld【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：在2022年第24屆冬季奧運會將在北京和張家口舉行。根據in2022可知此處用一般將來時，主語The24thWinterOlympicGames與謂語hold之間是被動關系，故此處用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)，故為willbeheld。故選D。12.—Canyoutellme_____nextSunday?—Bytrain.A.howwewillgotoShanghai B.howdidwegotoShanghaiC.howwewenttoShanghai D.howwillwegotoShanghai【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——你能告訴我下星期天我們怎么去上海嗎？——坐火車。考查賓語從句。根據句中時間狀語“nextFriday”可知時態(tài)為一般將來時，賓語從句的語序應用陳述句語序。故選A。二、完形填空閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。FrompapertopianoIwas11yearsoldwhenIaskedmymomforpianolessonsin2010.Wewerepoor,soshesaidapolite“no”.Thatdidn’t___13___me.IGoogledthemeasurementsforakeyboard,drewthekeysonapieceofpaperandstuckitonmydesk.Iwouldclicknotesonanonlinekeyboardand“play”thembackonmypaperone—keepingthesoundtheymadeonthecomputerinmyhead.Ispentsixmonthsplayingwithouttouchingarealpiano.OncemymomsawthatIwas___14___,sheborrowedmoneyandboughtme10lessons.Istillrememberthefirstone.Iwasstruckbyhowrealthesoundofthepianowas.I___15___mygradeoneaftereightlessons.OnceIstartedsecondaryschool,wecouldn’taffordlessonsagain.Ipassedgradethree,thengradefive,practicingonlyonmy___16___.Oneevening,whenIwasabout13,mymomsaidshehadasurpriseforme;itwasanelectronickeyboardboughtwithmoreborrowedmoney.ItwasthefirsttimeI’d___17___forher.Shewasinshock.Myschooldidn’toffermusicA-level.IfoundthePurcellSchoolforyoungmusicians,butthetryouts(選拔)weredifficult.Tomyamazement,Iwasofferedaplace.AtPurcell,Ispenttwoyearsworkingas___18___asIcould.Iperformedtoraisemoneyandsavedenoughtobuymyfirstpiano.WhenIleftPurcell,Iwasawardedtheseniorpianoprizeandsenioracademicmusicprize.IamnowattheGuildhallSchoolinLondon.Ifeelproud:it’sbeen10yearssinceI___19___mypaperpiano,andI’matoneoftheworld’sleadingmusicschools.Thepaperpianohelpedsparkmy___20___abouthowmusicworks,thebuildingblocksthatformthepieces.13.A.surprise B.help C.stop D.shame14.A.serious B.pity C.poor D.caring15.A.failed B.begun C.changed D.sat16.A.book B.piano C.paper D.computer17.A.studied B.played C.thanked D.waited18.A.hard B.nervously C.politely D.fast19.A.searched B.borrowed C.bought D.drew20.A.value B.curiosity C.pride D.confidence【答案】13.C14.A15.D16.C17.B18.A19.D20.B【解析】本文通過講述作者因為家庭困難沒有鋼琴就自己畫紙鋼琴練習，后來通過自己的努力買了一架鋼琴，還獲得了高級鋼琴獎和高級學術音樂獎，而且現在在世界領先的音樂學校之一的故事，鼓勵人們要堅持自己的夢想。【13題詳解】句意：這并沒有阻止我。surprise驚奇；help幫助；stop阻止、停止；shame羞恥。根據下文“IGoogledthemeasurementsforakeyboard,drewthekeysonapieceofpaper…”，可知我讓媽媽給我買鋼琴課，但因為家里窮媽媽沒有答應，但是這并沒有阻止住我，故選C。【14題詳解】句意：當我媽媽看到我是認真，她借錢給我買了10節(jié)課。serious認真的、嚴肅的；pity遺憾；poor貧窮的；caring有同情心的。根據上文“Ispentsixmonthsplayingwithouttouchingarealpiano.”以及下文“sheborrowedmoneyandboughtme10lessons.”可知媽媽看到我是認真的，就借錢給我買了10節(jié)課，故選A。【15題詳解】句意：八節(jié)課以后我參加了一級水平的考試。failed失敗；begun開始；changed改變；sat考試。根據后面的“mygradeone”，可知是參加了一級水平的考試，故選D。【16題詳解】句意：我通過了三級，然后是五級，只在紙上練習．book書；piano鋼琴；paper紙；computer電腦。根據上文“IGoogledthemeasurementsforakeyboard,drewthekeysonapieceofpaper…”，以及“wecouldn’taffordlessonsagain.”可知，我又負擔不起上課的費用了，因此應是在自己畫的紙鍵盤上練習，故選C。【17題詳解】句意：這是我第一次為她演奏。studied學習；played彈奏；thanked感謝；waited等待。根據上文“itwasanelectronickeyboardboughtwithmoreborrowedmoney.”媽媽借錢給我買了一個電子鍵盤，結合“ItwasthefirsttimeI’d…forher.”可知是我第一次為媽媽用電子鍵盤演奏，故選B。【18題詳解】句意：我花了兩年時間盡可能地努力工作。hard努力地；nervously緊張地；politely禮貌地；fast迅速地。根據下文“Iperformedtoraisemoneyandsavedenoughtobuymyfirstpiano.”我通過表演來籌集資金，攢夠了錢買了我的第一架鋼琴，可知為了籌錢買鋼琴，我應是盡可能努力地工作，故選A。【19題詳解】句意：我畫的紙鋼琴已經十年了。searched搜索；borrowed借；bought買；drew畫。聯系上文語境，結合“it’sbeen10yearssinceI…mypaperpiano”和“IGoogledthemeasurementsforakeyboard,drewthekeysonapieceofpaperandstuckitonmydesk.”可知是我畫的紙鋼琴已經十年了，故選D。【20題詳解】句意：紙鋼琴激發(fā)了我對音樂創(chuàng)作以及樂曲構成的熱情。value價值；curiosity好奇；pride自豪；confidence信心。根據“Thepaperpianohelpedsparkmy…abouthowmusicworks…”，可知是紙鋼琴激發(fā)了我對音樂創(chuàng)作的好奇心，故選B。閱讀理解三、閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。AMountainsaremorethan500meterstallandit’snoteasyforplantstoliveonthem.Thewindisstrong.Thesoilisthinandrocky.Whichplantscanlivethere?Comeandseesomeofthem.Firsareevergreentrees.Theyalwayshavegreenleaves.Theirleaveslooklikeneedles.Firsarelargetrees.Theycanbe20to80meterstall.Theirtrunkcanbe0.5to4meterswide.InmanycountriesinEurope,peopleusefirsasChristmastrees.Cushionplantslooklikeasmallcushion(墊子).Theygrowtogetherandtheyarelessthan30cmtall.Buttheycanbe3meterswide.Manyotherplantsliveunderthem.Cushionplantskeepthecoldaway.Theymakethesoilinsidesoftandwet.Inthisway,cushionplantshelpotherplantssurvive.Snowlotusesliveatelevationsrangingfrom2,400to4,000meters.Theclimatethereiscold.Italwayssnowsandtheairisthin.Mostplantswilldie.Butthesnowlotusesgrowwell.Theycanbe15to35cmtall.Peopleusetheminmedicine.Saxifragesareevergreen.Theyhavestar-shapedflowers.Mostsaxifragesareverysmall—lessthan12cmtall.Theygrowveryslowlyincoldenvironments.Saxifragescanlivebothinthemountainsandinyourgarden,yettheyarenotresistant(耐受的)tohightemperatures.21._______canbeusedinmedicine.A.Firs B.Cushionplants C.Snowlotuses D.Saxifrages22.Saxifragesare_______.A.20to80cmtall B.morethan30cmtallC.15to35cmtall D.lessthan12cmtall23.Whatdoweknowaboutcushionplants?A.Peopleplanttheminsoftandwetsoil.B.PeopleusethemasChristmasdecoration.C.Theycanprotecttheplantsunderthemfromthecold.D.Theycanlivebothinthemountainsandinyourgarden.【答案】21.C22.D23.C【解析】高山上植物很難生存，土壤薄而多巖石，在這種條件下，有部分植物可以生存。本文主要介紹了冷杉、墊形植物、雪蓮和虎耳草。【21題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據表格第三行“Snowlotusesliveatelevationsrangingfrom2,400to4,000meters....Peopleusetheminmedicine.”可知雪蓮可以入藥。故選C。【22題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據表格最后一行“Mostsaxifragesareverysmall—lessthan12cmtall.”可知虎耳高度草低于12厘米。故選D。【23題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據表格第二行“Manyotherplantsliveunderthem.Cushionplantskeepthecoldaway.…Inthisway,cushionplantshelpotherplantssurvive.”可知墊形植物防寒，它們可以保護在其下生長的植物不受凍。故選C。BWhatcanyoudotohelpout?Onewintermorning,TapiwaChiwewewasdrivingtoworkinJohannesburg,SouthAfrica.Henoticedahaze(薄霧)hangingoverthecityanditdidn’ttakelongforhimtorealizethatitwasanenormouscloudofairpollution.Atthatmoment,Chiwewewantedtodosomethingaboutit,butdidn’tknowwhat.Hewasacomputerengineerandknewlittleaboutenvironmentalscience.Hefirstdidresearchonairpollutionandfoundthatitistheworld’sbiggestenvironmentalhealthrisk.Hedecidedtoworkonitinacooperative(合作的)way.Hetalkedtoscientists,officials,andengineerswhohelpedhimdevelopadeeperunderstandingofthesituation,aswellasanideatoimproveit.Throughyearsofwork,ChiweweandhiscoworkersfromSouthAfricaandChinacreatedanonlineairqualitydecisionsupportsystem.Basedonhistoricalandreal-timedata,thesystemcanaccuratelypredictairpollutionandairquality,whichcanhelppeoplemakebetterdecisionsabouttheirdailymovements,aswellashelpofficialsbettermanagetheiroperations.Chiwewelearnedanimportantlesson—“alessonweallneedtotakeintoheartifwearetoworktowardsabetterfuture.Evenifyou’renotanexpertinaparticularfield,youroutsideexpertisemayholdthekeytosolvingproblemswithinthatfield,”hesaid.WhatifChiwewehadn’tbotheredtoresearchtheproblemanddosomethingaboutit?Whatifhehadjusthopedthatsomeone,somewhere,wastakingcareofthematter?AsChiwewesaid,“Whynotjustgoaheadanddealwiththeproblemaswellasyoucan,inyourownway?Youmaybepleasantlysurprised.”24.WhatmadeChiwewewanttotakeaction?A.Hedidn’tknowwhatthecloudwas.B.Henoticedairpollutionoverhiscity.C.Hedidn’twanttobeacomputerengineer.D.Hewasanexpertinenvironmentalscience.25.InwhichorderdidChiwewesolvetheproblem?a.Heaskedforexpert’ssuggestions.b.Hecreatedasystemthatworksonline.c.Hedidresearchontheproblem.d.Heallowedotherstousethesystem.A.cabd B.abcd C.cdab D.adbc26.Whatisthepointofthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Weshouldalwayscooperatewithothers.B.Thereisalwayssomethingnewtolearn.C.Expertsneedtodoresearchwhendealingwithproblems.D.Takingactiononyourownisbetterthanwaitingforothers.【答案】24.B25.A26.D【解析】Chiwewe在一個冬天的早晨，開車去南非約翰內斯堡上班。他注意到城市上空巨大的空氣污染云，他想做點什么。他首先對空氣污染做了研究，發(fā)現空氣污染是世界上最大的環(huán)境健康風險。他征求專家的意見,創(chuàng)建了一個在線空氣質量決策支持系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)根據歷史數據和實時數據，可以準確預測空氣污染和空氣質量。文章告訴我們，自己采取行動總比等待別人好。【24題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段“Henoticedahazehangingoverthecityanditdidn’ttakelongforhimtorealizethatitwasanenormouscloudofairpollution”和第二段“Atthatmoment,Chiwewewantedtodosomethingaboutit”可知，Chiwewe注意到他所在城市的空氣污染才采取行動。故選B。25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據短文，Chiwewe解決問題的步驟：第二段“Hefirstdidresearchonairpollutionandfoundthatitistheworld’sbiggestenvironmentalhealthrisk”他對這個問題做了研究；第二段“Hetalkedtoscientists,officials,andengineerswhohelpedhimdevelopadeeperunderstandingofthesituation,aswellasanideatoimproveit.”他征求專家的意見；第三段“Throughyearsofwork,ChiweweandhiscoworkersfromSouthAfricaandChinacreatedanonlineairqualitydecisionsupportsystem”他創(chuàng)建了一個可以在線運行的系統(tǒng)；第三段“Basedonhistoricalandreal-timedata,thesystemcanaccuratelypredictairpollutionandairquality,whichcanhelppeoplemakebetterdecisionsabouttheirdailymovements,aswellashelpofficialsbettermanagetheiroperations”該系統(tǒng)幫助人們更好地決定自己的日常行動，也可以幫助官員更好地管理自己的行動，可知，他允許別人使用這個系統(tǒng)。故選A。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后2段可知，如果Chiwewe沒有費心去研究這個問題采取行動，只是希望有人來處理這件事，那就不可能在線空氣質量決策支持系統(tǒng)的產生。所以，自己采取行動總比等待別人好。故選D。CGivingpresentationsisachallenging,butimportantpartofeducation.Apresentationisthekeytomakingyourmessageclear,whetheryouareinanintervieworgivingatalkinfrontoftheclass.Awell-preparedandpracticedpresentationcanimproveyourconfidencedramatically.Onpresentationday,therearesomewaysyoucantaketoensurethatyouperformwell.Practicethepresentation.Beforepresentation,itcanbehelpfultopracticeonyourown.Whileyouarepracticingyourpresentation,doyourbesttoworkonmemorizingwhatyouwanttosay,andwhenyouwanttosayit.Yourpresentationwillbealotbetterifyouaren’tconstantlylookingdownatnotecardsorsearchingapieceofpapertofigureoutwhatyouwanttosaynext.Controlyournerves.Thereareafewthingsyoucandobeforethepresentationtohelpcalmyournerves—manyofwhichyoucanevendorightatyourdesk.Trybreathingdeeply;silentlyrepeatingaffirmations(suchas“Icandothis.I’mgoingtodoagreatjob”);orusingpositivevisualization(imagineyourselfgivingyourpresentationsuccessfullyandknockingitoutofthepark).Thesestrategiescanhelpyousettleyournervesandgointoyourpresentationfeelingcalmandcollected.Speakslowlyandenunciateclearly.Ifyouhavepracticedenough,thisshouldn’tbedifficult;however,somepeopletalktooquicklyandtooquietlywhentheygetnervous.Trytoremindyourselftotalkslowlyandloudlyenoughsoeveryonecanhearyou.Ifyou’reusinganelectronicpresentation,youcanuseeachnewslideasachancetostopforafewsecondsandrecognizewhetheryouarespeakingslowlyandloudlyenoughforeveryonetohear.Engagetheaudience.Whetheryou’vegotaone-on-onetalkoraspeechinfrontof400people,think“storytelling”.Sometimesallittakesisafewsecondstoconnectanaudiencememberwithastory,accordingtoEricEnglish,acommunicationteacherattheUniversityofPittsburghintheUS.Trytolookaroundtheroomandmakeeyecontactwithvariouslistenersforafewseconds.Ifyouareabletomakeeyecontactforafewsecondswithseveraldifferentpeopleoverthecourseofyourpresentation,youwillbegivingtheimpressionthatyouarerelaxedandconfident.Don’tforgettosmile!27.Ifyouwanttogetpeople’sattention,youshould_______.A.preparenotecardswhilegivingpresentationB.takeadeepbreathbeforeyourpresentationC.makeeyecontactwithdifferentlistenersD.considerspeakinginfrontofatrustedfriend28.Theexpression“knockingitoutofthepark”probablymeans“_______”.A.relaxingintheparkB.performingquitewellC.enjoyingthepresentationD.knockingtherocksinthepark29.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.PresentationisimportantforeducationB.PresentationisthekeytosuccessC.HowtogiveabetterpresentationD.Howtomakethepresentationclear【答案】27.C28.B29.C【解析】本文主要介紹演講時怎樣做得更好。【27題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第5段“Engagetheaudience.…Trytolookaroundtheroomandmakeeyecontactwithvariouslistenersforafewseconds.”可知如果你想引起人們的注意，你應該和不同的聽眾進行眼神交流。故選C。【28題詳解】句意猜測題。根據上文“usingpositivevisualization(imagineyourselfgivingyourpresentationsuccessfully…使用積極的形象化（想象你成功地完成了你的演講……）”可知此句“knockingitoutofthepark”句意是“表現得十分精彩”。故選B。【29題詳解】標題歸納題。本文主要介紹演講時如何做得更好。根據本文主要內容可知本文最佳標題是《如何做一個更好的演講》。故選C。DWeoftenlearnthatmanypeople,especiallywomen,don’tlikethesunshine.Theyareafraidofgettingsunburntandmakingtheirskindeep-colored.Butagrowingbodyofscientificresearchsuggeststhatcompletelyavoidingsunlightisn’tsuchagoodidea.ResearchersatSweden’sKarolinskaInstitutesaythatavoidingthesuncanbeasbadforyouassmoking.Hereiswhyyoushouldsoakup(吸收)somesunshineeveryday.Itpromotesbonegrowth.“VitaminDisahormone(激素)thatpromotescalciumabsorptionandisnecessaryforbonegrowth,”tellsDr.Roizen.SincesunlightisaprimarysourceofVitaminD,thehormoneisalsocalledas“thesunshinevitamin”.“TheVitaminDfoundinourbodyneedsactivation.ThesunhelpstochangeinactiveVitaminDlevelstoactive,”explainsDr.Roizen.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),gettinganywherefrom5to15minutesofsunlightonyourarms,hands,andfacetwiceorthriceaweekisenoughtogetthevitaminD.Itisgoodforyourheart.Peoplearemorelikelytodieofheartdiseaseinwinterthaninsummer.AccordingtoresearchersfromCopenhagenUniversityHospital,thosewiththelowestlevelsofvitaminDare81%morelikelytodieofheartdiseasecomparedwiththosewiththehighestlevelsofthevitamin.Sunexposurecuttheriskofheartattackandstrokebyreducingbloodpressure,accordingtotheresearch.Itmakesyoufeelhappier.“Wealwaysfeelbetterwhenthesunisshining,butisnotonrainyorcloudydays.”saysEmmaDerbyshire,publichealthnutritionistandspokeswomanforHealthandFoodSupplementsInformationService.Thesunworksthroughanumberofreceptorsinthebraintoaffectourmentalstatus(精神狀態(tài)).Moderatesunlightexposurehelpsimproveyourmoodandfocusbyboostingtheserotonin(血清素)levels,whichknownasthe“happinesshormone”.“Atestfoundthatsafesunexposurecanactuallyhelptreatdepressive(抑郁的)symptoms,”saysEmma.Inaddition,a2017studypublishedintheJournalofHumanResourcesfoundthatstudentswhogetmoresunlighteverydayperformbetterintests.Tosoakupmoderatesunlighteverydayisimportantforus.Butifyou’regoingtobeoutsideformorethan15minutes,it’sagoodideatoprotectyourskin.Youcandothatbyapplyingsunscreenorwearingaprotectivehatandshirtcanalsohelp.30.Accordingtothetext,womendislikethesunlightbecause_______.A.theyareafraidofbeingsunburntB.thesunisbadforeyesC.it’smorelikelytohaveskincancerD.theyfeelunhappy31.Accordingtothepassage,Dr.Roizenprobablyagrees_______.A.sunlighthelpsimprovevitaminDlevelsinourbodiesB.sunlighthelpsloweryourbloodpressurelevelsC.sunlightcanproducehappyhormoneD.sunlightcanbebadforusassmoking32.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Themorewesoakupthesunshine,thebetter.B.Sunlightdecreasestheriskofdepression.C.Peoplefeelbetterinrainyorcloudydays.D.Sunlighthelpsstudentsgetgoodgradesintest.33.Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Todiscussourproblemsofavoidingsunlight.B.Tointroducesomewaysofenjoyingthesunlight.C.Toexplainwhysunlightisgoodforus.D.Toshareresearchers’ideasonsunlight.【答案】30.A31.A32.B33.C【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了曬太陽對人的身體健康有好處的幾個方面。【30題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段“Theyareafraidofgettingsunburntandmakingtheirskindeep-colored.”可知她們害怕曬傷。故選A。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段“sunlightisaprimarysourceofVitaminD”以及“ThesunhelpstochangeinactiveVitaminDlevelstoactive”可知陽光幫助把不活躍的維生素D變成活躍的，提高維生素D的水平。故選A。【32題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第四段“safesunexposurecanactuallyhelptreatdepressive(抑郁的)symptoms,”可知曬太陽能夠幫助減少抑郁癥狀，減少抑郁的風險。故選B。【33題詳解】主旨大意題。本文重點講解了曬太陽在各個方面對人的身體健康的好處，比如對骨頭的生長或者心臟等，主旨應是解釋“為什么太陽對我們有好處”。故選C。四、閱讀短文，根據其內容回答問題。Studyacalendar.Itlookssimpleandorderly.Butacalendarismoreofamathematicalpuzzlethanyoumightguess.Thecalendarweusetodayhasgonethroughcenturiesofchanges.Formillennia,peoplewatchedtheseasons,sun,moon,andstarstohelpthemkeeptrackoftimepassing.AncientpeopledidnotknowthatEarthorbits(沿軌道運行)thesunaboutevery365.25days.Theytriedtotracktheyearbycountingthefullmoons.Eachyearhad12fullmoons.Twelvemoons,ormonths,madeonelunaryear.CalendarsinBabylonusedalunaryear.Twelvemonthsaddeduptoonly354days.Thatmadethelunaryear11daystooshort.Asyearswentby,themonthsandtheseasonsnolongermatchedup.PeopleinancientEgyptcameupwithasolarcalendarof365days.TheyobservedthatSirius,theDogStar,appearedneartherisingsunevery365days.Soonafterthat,theNileRiverwouldrise.TheylookedforwardtothefloodingoftheNile,becauseitbroughtgoodthings.Therichsoilleftbyfloodwaterswasgoodforplanting.TheancientRomansusedacalendarof10months.BecauseaRomanyearwasonly304days,itseemedtoalwaysbeoutofstepwiththeseasons.Holidaysshowedupatthewrongtimeofyear.ARomanrulernamedJuliusCaesarorderedachange.Hecreatedacalendarwith12months,each30or31dayslong.Headdedanextradayeveryfouryearstokeepthingsontrack.Thiscalendarwasusedformorethanamillennium.Butbytheendofthe16thcentury,itwastendaysoutofstep.PopeGregoryXIIIcreatedtoday’scalendarin1582.Hesetnewmathematicalrulesforkeepingthecalendarinstepwiththeseasons.Today,theGregoriancalendarisusedalmosteverywhereintheworld.34.HowlongdoestheEarthorbitthesun?___________________________________________________________35.WhydidpeopleinancientEgyptlookforwardtothefloodingoftheNile?___________________________________________________________36.Whocreatedacalendarwith12monthsinancientRomans?___________________________________________________________37.Whenwastoday’scalendarcreated?___________________________________________________________38.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?___________________________________________________________【答案】34.About365.25days.35.Becauseitbroughttherichsoilwhichwasgoodforplanting.36.JuliusCaesar.37.Itwascreatedin1582.38.It’saboutthehistoryofcalendar.【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了日歷發(fā)展的歷史。【34題詳解】根據文章第二段中的“Earthorbits(沿軌道運行)thesunaboutevery365.25days”可知，地球大約每365.25天繞太陽一周，故填About365.25days.【35題詳解】根據文章第四段中“Theylookedforwardtothef