valve杠桿重錘式leverandweighttypepilotoperatedsafetyvalvetwintypesafetyvalveflush-bottomtankvalve電磁閥solenoidvalve,solenoidoperatedvalve電動閥electricallyoperatedvalve,electric-motoroperatedvalve氣動閥pneumaticoperatedvalve低溫用閥cryogenicservicevalvesteamtrap機械式疏水閻mechanicaltrap浮桶式疏水閥openbuckettrap,opentopbuckettrap浮球式疏水閥floattrapinvertedbuckettraploosefloattrapthermostatictrap金屬膨脹式蒸汽疏水閥metalexpansionsteamtrap液體膨脹式蒸汽疏水閥liquidexpansionsteamtrap雙金屬膨脹式蒸汽疏水閥bimetallicexpansionsteamtrap壓力平衡式恒溫疏水閥balancedpressurethermostatictrapthermodynamictrapimpulsesteamtrap放氣閥〔自動放氣閥〕airventvalve(automaticairventvalve)平板式滑動閘閥slabtypeslidinggatevalve蓋閥flatvalve換向閥divertingvalve,reversingvalve熱膨脹閥thermoexpansionvalve自動關閉閥self-closinggatevalve自動排液閥self-drainingvalve管道盲板閥line-blindvalve擠壓閥squeezevalve〔用于泥漿及粉塵等〕breathervalvedamperpressurereducingvalve,reducingvalve把握閥controlvalve膜式把握閥diaphragmoperatedcontrolvalveactuator背壓調整閥backpressureregulatingvalve差壓調整閥differentialpressureregulatingvalve壓力比例調整閥pressureratioregulatingvalve1.6.4未指明構造〔或閥型〕的閥切斷閥blockvalve;shut-offvalve;stopvalve

〔疏水閥用〕調整閥regulatingvalve快閉閥quickclosingvalveisolatingvalve三通閥threewayvalve夾套闊jacketedvalve非旋轉式閥non-rotaryvalveblowdownvalvedripvalve排液閥drainvalve放空閥ventvalve卸載閥unloadingvalve排出閥dischargevalve吸入閥suctionvalve多通路閥multiportvalvesamplingvalve手動閥hand-operatedvalve;manuallyoperatedvalve鍛造閥forgedvalve鑄造閥castvalve〔水〕bibb;bib;faucet抽出液閥〔小閥〕bleedvalve旁路閥by-passvalve軟管閥hosevalve混合閥mixingvalve破真空閥vacuumbreaker沖洗閥flushvalveprimaryvalverootvalve總管閥headervalve事故切斷閥emergencyvalve管道特別件PipingSpecialty管道特別件〔組件〕strainer過濾器filter臨時粗濾器〔錐型〕temporarystrainer(conetype)yy-typestrainerT型粗濾器T-typestrainer絲網粗濾器gauzestrainer洗眼器及淋浴器eyewasherandshowersightglass阻火器flamearrester噴嘴；噴頭spraynozzle取樣冷卻器samplecoolersilencer膨脹節expansionjoint波浪膨脹節bellowexpansionjoint單波singlebellowdoublebellowmultiplebellow壓力平衡式膨脹節pressurebalancedexpansion帶鉸鏈膨脹節hingedexpansionjoint軸向位移型膨脹節axialmovementtypeexpansionjoint自均衡膨脹節〔外加強環〕self-equalizingexpansionjointtiedexpansionjoint萬向型膨脹節universaltypeexpansionjoint球形補償器balltypeexpansionjoint填函式補償器sliptype(packedtype)expansionjoint單向滑動填料函補償器singleactionpackedslipjointPipingSpecialElementhoseconnection(HC)快速接頭quickcouplingmetalhose橡膠管rubberhoseflexibletube鞍形補強板reinforcingsaddlesreinforcementpad特別法蘭specialflangefunneldripringdrainfunnel插板blank墊環spacer8字盲板spectacleblind;figure8blindrestrictionorificerupturediskprotectivedisc費托立克接頭victauliccoupling端部連接EndConnection法蘭端flangedendbeveledend(BE)buttweldedendplainend(PE)承插焊端socketweldingendthreadedend(TE)承口bellend焊接端weldingend法蘭連接〔接頭〕flangedjoint對焊連接〔接頭〕buttweldedjoint螺紋連接，管螺紋連接threadedjoint,pipethreadedjointseal-weldedtaperpipethreadedjoint承插焊連接〔接頭〕socketweldedjoint承插連接〔接頭〕bellandspigotjoint環墊接頭ringjoint(RJ)universaljoint軟釬焊連接〔接頭〕solderedjoint搭接接頭，松套連接lappedjoint外側厚度切斜角bevelforoutsidethickncss內側厚度切斜角bevelforinsidethickness內外側厚度切斜角bevelforcombinedthickness法蘭式的flanged(FLGD)對焊的buttwelded(BW)螺紋的threaded(THD)socketwelded(SW)小端為平的smallendplain(SEP)大端為平的largeendplain(LEP)bothendsplain(BEP)smallendthread(SET)大端帶螺紋largeendthread(LET)兩端帶螺紋bothendthread(BET)一端帶螺紋oneendthread(OET)branchconnection焊接支管branchpipeweldeddirectlytotherunpipe管道用緊固件及螺紋緊固件螺栓bolt六角頭螺栓hexagonalheadbolt方頭螺栓squareheadbolt螺柱，雙頭螺栓studbolteyebolt沉頭螺栓countersunk(head)screwanchorbolt;foundationbolt松緊螺旋扣〔花籃螺絲〕turnbuckleU形螺栓U-boltTT-boltroundheadbolt機螺栓，機螺釘maehinebolt頂開螺栓，頂起螺栓Jackscrew自攻螺釘selftappingscrew膨脹螺栓expansionbolt粗制的coarse精制的finished,fine螺母nut六角螺母hexagonalnut方螺母squarenutwingnutflatnutlocknut墊圈washer平墊圈plainwasher球面墊圈sphericalwasher彈簧墊圈springwasher方墊圈squarewasher斜墊圈slantwasher銷軸pinnedshanpincotterpindowelpin帶孔銷pinwithholetaperpin鉚釘rivetkey螺紋左螺紋lefthandthreadrighthandthreadpipethreadtaperpipethreadpipethread梯形螺紋trapezoidthreadpitchofthreadcoarsethreadfinethreadextrafinethreadfullthreadwhitworththreadmetricibread美國標準錐管螺紋Americanstandardtaperpipethread(NPT)tap材料、型鋼及填料金屬材料黑色金屬FerrousMetalcarbonsteel(CS)低碳鋼low-carbonsteel中碳鋼medium-carbonsteel高碳鋼high-carbonsteel一般碳素鋼generalcarbonsteel優質碳素鋼high-qualitycarbonsteel一般低合金構造鋼generalstructurelow-alloysteel合金構造鋼structuralalloysteel合金鋼alloysteellowalloysteel中合金鋼mediumalloysteel高合金鋼highalloysteel耐熱鋼heatresistingsteel高強度鋼highstrengthsteelcladsteeltoolsteel彈簧鋼springsteel鉬鋼molybdenumsteel鎳鋼nickelsteel鉻鋼chromiumsteel鉻鉬鋼chrome-molybdenumsteel鉻鎳鋼chromium-nickelsteel,chrome-nickelsteel不銹鋼stainlesssteel(S.S.)奧氏體不銹鋼Austeniticstainlesssteel馬氏體不銹鋼Martensiticstainlesssteel司特來合金〔鎢鉻鈷臺金〕StelliteHastelloyinconel20合金20alloy平爐鋼〔馬丁鋼〕Martinsteel冷靜鋼killedsteel半冷靜鋼semi-killedsteel沸騰鋼rimmedsteel;rimmingsteel;open-steel鍛鋼forgedsteelcaststeelcastiron(C.I.)灰鑄鐵greycastiron可鍛鑄鐵malleableiron(MI)球墨鑄鐵nodularcastiron;nodulargraphiteironpigiron熟鐵，鍛鐵wroughtiron鑄件casting高硅鑄鐵highsiliconcastiron鍍層及制造方法滲鉻鋼，鍍鉻鋼chromizedsteel鍍鉻的chromium-plated,chrome-platedplating鍛造，型鋼swagerolling熱軋hotrollingcoldrollingextruding冷加工coldworkinghotworking拔制drawingNon-ferrousMetalaluminumcopperbrass青銅bronze鋁青銅aluminumbronze磷青銅phosphorbronze鋁鎂合金aluminummagnesium錳青銅manganesebronze蒙乃爾〔注：鎳及銅合金〕Monel鎳銅臺金nickelcopperalloy非鐵合金nonferrousalloytitaniumlead硬鉛hardlead材料性能ultimatestrengthtensilestrengthyieldlimityieldpoint延長率percentageelongation抗壓強度compressivestrength抗彎強度bendingstrength彈性極限elasticlimit沖擊值impactvaluelimitcreeplimitendurancelimit布氏硬度Brinellhardness洛氏硬度RockwellhardnessVickersdiamondhardness,diamondpenetratorhardnesscreeprupturestrengthreductionofarea韌性toughess脆性brittlenessductilitycoldshortnesscoldflowNon-metallicMaterial塑料plastic丙烯腈—丁二烯—苯乙烯acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS)polyethylene(PE)polyvinylchloride(PVC)苯乙烯橡膠styrene-rubber(SR)polybutylene(PB)polypropylene(PP)polystyrene(PS)氯化聚醚chlorinatedpolyether(CPE)聚酰胺polyamide(PA)polycarbonate(PC)聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA)celluloseacetatebutyrate(CAB)氯化聚氯乙烯chlorinatedpolyvinylchloride(CPVC)聚偏二氟乙烯polyvinylidenefluoride(PVDF)縮醛塑料acetalplastic尼龍塑料nylonplastic聚烯烴polyolefin(PO)石墨酚醛塑料graphitephenolicplastics聚四氟乙烯polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)fiberreinforcedthermoplasticsthermoplastic熱固性塑料thermosettingplastics膠粘劑adhesive溶劑膠接劑solventcement樹脂resin環氧樹脂epoxy,epoxyresin聚酯樹脂polyesterresin聚酯纖維polyesterfibers氟塑料fluoroplasticspolyurethane丙烯酸樹脂acrylicresin脲醛樹脂urearesinfuranresin乙烯丙烯二烴單體ethylenepropylenedienemonomer(EPDM)syntheticrubberrubbernitrilebutadienerubber氯丁橡膠neoprenenaturalrubberethylenepropylenerubber(EPR)玻璃glass硼硅玻璃borosilicateglassfirebrick陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelainenamelwood型材shapedsteel,sectionsteel,swageanglesteel槽鋼channel工字鋼I-beamH鋼wideflangedbeamTT-barsquarebar扁鋼flatbarhexagonalsteelbar圓鋼roundsteel;rod鋼帶strapsteelplate網紋鋼板checkeredplate腹板〔指型鋼的立板〕web翼緣〔指型鋼的緣〕wing填料及填料函填料packing石棉繩asbestosrope,asbestoscord．OO-ring自密封self-sealing四氟帶Teflontap帶鉻鎳合金絲的石棉繩asbestosropewithinconelwire,inconelwireasbestos浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉填料Teflonimpregnatedasbestospackingmetallicstuffing填料箱，填料函packingbox,stuffingbox填料函壓蓋stuffingboxgland管道等級及材料統計管道材料規定PipingMaterialSpecificationpipingclass;pipingclassification管道等級號classdesignation公稱直徑nominaldiameter(DN);nominal(pipe)size(PN)壓力級，等級，類別class(CL)lowpressure(L.P.)中壓mediumpressure(M.P.)高壓highpressure(H.P.)大氣壓atmosphere(ATM)vacuum工作壓力operatingpressure;workingpressure設計壓力designpressure工作溫度operatingtemperature設計溫度designtemperatureambienttemperature腐蝕裕量corrosionallowancepipingattachmentpipingelementwallthickness(WT)schedulenumber(SCH.No.)加厚的，加強的extraheavy,extrastrong雙倍加厚的，雙倍加強的doubleextraheavy,doubleextrastrong通用連接組typiealinstallation分組〔類〕形式〔如管道等級表〕blockformdatabasefile材料統計MaterialTake-off(MTO)匯總表summarysheet材料表billofmaterial(BM)綜合管道材料表consolidatedpipingmaterialsummarysheet(CPMSS)accuracyoftake-off材料狀況報告materialstatusreport(MSR)散裝材料bulkmaterial編位號的itemized代碼codenumber短代碼shortcode數量quantity(QTY)weightnetweight毛重grossweight設備布置及管道布置PlotPlanandPipingLayout,EquipmentandPipingArrangement設備名稱EquipmentName容器Vessel塔tower,column洗滌塔scrubber吸取塔absorbercoolingtower精餾塔fractionatingtower蒸餾塔distillationtower再生塔regeneringtowerprfllingtowerstripper脫氣塔degasifiersynthesistower反響器reactor聚臺釜polymerizer轉化器，變換器converter脫硫反響器desulphurizationreactormethanatorgas-holder螺旋式氣柜helicalgas-holder濕式氣柜wetgas-holder干式氣柜drygas-holder槽罐貯罐tank;storagetankknockoutdrumspheroid,sphericaltankdrum承受槽receiver計量槽measuringtankfeedtankblowdowntank閃蒸罐flashdrum汽包steamdrum溶液貯槽solutionstoragetank地下槽sloptank其它設備分別器separator旋風分別器cyclone分子篩molecularsieve脫氧器deaerator攪拌器agitatordryermixerextractor結晶器crystallizer澄清器gravitysettlerpurifier氣化器vaporizer吸附器adsorbermelter減溫器desuperheaterbooster噴射器ejector噴頭sprayerflare消聲器silencer換熱器、加熱器、冷卻器換熱器heatexchangeraircoolerwatercooler冷凝器condenser螺旋板式換熱器spiralplateheatexchangerevaporator再沸器reboiler急冷器quencherchillerpreheater再熱器reheaterheaterelectricheater過熱器superheaterfeedwaterheaterintercooleraftercooler工業爐及鍋爐furnaceburnerboiler煙囪stackwasteheatboiler關心鍋爐auxiliaryboiler省煤器economizerdirect-firedheater輻射段radiantsection對流段convectionsection裂化爐reformerincinerator回轉窯rotarykiln爐管furnacetubesootblower觀看孔observationdoor,peepdoor防爆門explosiondoor關心用房名稱生產用房分析室analyzerroomtransformerroomsubstation,switchroombatteryroomcontrolroomventilatingroom貯藏室storageroom修理間maintenanceroomoffice生活用房lockerroomcloset,lavatory,toilet圖名管道布置平面pipingarrangementplan(PAP)管道布置pipinglayout軸測圖isometricdrawingkeyplan初版設備布置圖〔“A”版〕preliminaryplotplan(“A”issue)內部審查版設備布置圖〔“B”版〕inrernalapprovalplotplan(“B”issue)用戶審查版設備布置圖〔“C”版)ownerapprovalplotplan(“C”issue)確認版設備布置圖〔“D”版〕confirmplotplan(“D”issue)爭論版設備布置圖〔“e”版〕planningplotplan(“E”issue)設計版設備布置圖〔“F”〕designingplotplan(“F”issue)施工版設備布置圖〔“G”版〕constructionplotplan(“G”issue)廠房、站、單元壓縮機房compressorhouse(room)泵房pumphouse(room)洗眼站eyewasherstationfoamstation軟管站，公用工程站hosestation(HS),utilitystation成套設備packageunit設施facilities罐區tankyard空分裝置airseparationfacility設備布置equipmentitemnumberplant工廠區界plantlimit工程區界內側insidebatterylimit(I.S.B.L.)batterylimit(BL)arealimit區域邊界zoneiimit界外offsiteeast(E)west(W)南south(S)north(N)updown工廠北向plantnorth真實北向truenorth道路road小過道catwalk,catwaywalkway,gangway,accessway污水坑〔井〕sumppit集水池catchbasinthroughtroughfuturearea鋪砌區pavingarea非鋪砌區unpavedarea碎石鋪面gravelpaving橡皮鋪面rubberpavingarea體積，容積volume(VOL)管道布置管道設計pipingdesignpipingstudy走向爭論routingstudycriticalpiping地上管道abovegroundpiping地下管道undergroundpipingnetworkofpipes管廊piperack管溝pipingtrench管間距linespacing管道跨距linespan總管header,manifold旁路bypass排液drainvent上升管，垂直管risercanduit裸管bareiine管件直接fittingtofitting(FTF)管段，接口spoolpiece,spool取樣接口samplingconnectiondripleg伴熱管tracingpipe蒸汽伴熱steamtracinghot-watertracing電伴熱electricaltracing夾套管jacketedline,jacketedpipingfulljacketedplandetail“”Xview“X”“”A-Asection“A-A”連接圖hookupdrawing接續圖continueondrawing(COD)接續線matchline(M.L.)比例scale圖例legend符號symbol管口表listofnozzles方位orientation管口方位nozzleorientationlocation相交intersectionhorizontal垂直的，立式的verticalperpendicularparallel水平安裝horizontalinstallation垂直安裝verticalinstallafionsymmetric相反〔的，對面〔的〕opposite順時針方向clockwise逆時針方向counterclockwise計算機關心設計computeraideddesign(CAD)圖面標注確定標高abseluteelevationover-seameanlevel(OSL)標高，立面elevation(EL)topofconcrete架頂面topofsupport(TOS)topofsteel梁項面topofbeam(TOB)pointofsuppon(POS)topofpipe(TOP)bouomofpipe(BOP)溝底boaomoftrenchinvert(insidebottomofpipe)底平flatonbottom(FOB)flatontop(FOT)workingpoint(W.P.)facetoface(F-F)中心至端面centertoend(C-E)centertoface(C-F)中心至中心，中至中centertocenter(C-C)坐標coordinateoriginofcoordinate出口中心線centerlineofdischarge入口中心線centerlineofsuction中心線centerline(CL)inlet,suction出口outlet,discharge排出口exhaust距離distance相關專業的專業詞匯工藝圖及表flowdiagram工藝流程圖processflowdiagram(PFD)管道及儀表流程圖pipingandinstrumentflowdiagram(PID)公用工程流程圖utilityflowdiagram(UFD)管線表linelist;lineschedulenomenclature設備表equipmentlist(schedule)流體fluidairinstrumentair工藝空氣processair低壓蒸汽lowpressuresteam中壓蒸汽mediumpressuresteam高壓蒸汽highpressuresteam伴熱蒸汽tracingsteam飽和蒸汽saturatedsteam過熱蒸汽superheatedsteam氧氣oxygen氫氣hydrogennitrogen燃料氣fuelgas自然氣naturalgas火炬氣flaregas酸性氣sourgas液化石油氣liquefiredpetroleumgas(LPG)ammoniagas冷卻水cooling循環水circulatingwater鍋爐給水boilerfeedwaterhotwater蒸汽冷凝水steamcondensatebrine工藝水processwater化學污水chemicalsewagecorrosioninhibitorheavyoilnaphthafueloillubricatingoil密封油sealingoilrefrigerant載熱體heatingmedium溶劑solventsolutionmotherliquormonomerpolymerhomopolymer共聚物copolymer工藝液體processliquid工藝氣體processgassulphuricacid鹽酸chlorhydricacidnitricacidcausticsoda流體特性fluidcharacteristics蒸汽壓vaporpressurecriticaltemperaturecriticalpoint臨界壓力criticalpressurespecificheathumidity密度density比重specificgravity粘度viscosityflashpointmeltingpoint凝固點freezingpoint濃度concentrationlimitofexplosiontoxicflammable其它回收recovery再生regenerationcireulatlonrecycle補充make-uppreparation蒸汽吹掃steamingout吹掃purge抽空；排空evacuation吹出blow-offblowdown破真空vacuumbreaker大氣腿barometriclegstand-by化學清洗chemicalcleaningnetpositivesuctionhead(NPSH)feedproduct污染contaminationatmosphericpollutionambienttemperature建筑、構造building鋼構造steelstructure已有鋼構造existingsteelstructure鋼筋混凝土構造reinforcedconcreteconstruction樓面floor地面groundlevelhandrail樓梯stair;stairway直梯ladder柱column;post;stanchion根底foundation;footingbeambracinggirder構件memberpartitionwallwall篦子板grate;grating吊裝孔erectionopening吊梁hoistingbeamshelter窗window天窗skylightdoor防火門firedoorfloordrain防火層fire-proofing總圖generalplotplanshoulderpilegroutingwindload雪荷載snowload動力荷載dynamicload靜荷載deadloadliveloadwindvelocitymostfrequentwinddirection儀表盤〔操作盤〕panel就地盤localpanelinstrumentpanel常開normallyopen常閉normallyclosed電纜槽〔架〕cabletray(channel);cablerack儀表電纜槽〔架〕instrumentcabletray(duct)壓力計manometer;pressuregauge熱電偶thermocouple溫度計thermometer液位計levelgauge玻璃液位計gageglass溫度計保護管thermowellflowmeterorifice變送器transmitterinterlock儀器；設備apparatus儀器分析instrumentalanalysis自動分析automaticanalysis氣體分析gasanalysis化學分析chemicalanalysis氣相色譜儀gaschromatograph液相色譜儀liquidchromatograph質譜分析massspectrometricanalysis電氣hazardousareaclassification危急區平面圖hazardousareaplan電氣盤electricalpanel配電盤switchboard電纜溝cabletrenchcurrentdirectcurrentalternatingcurrent頻率frequency相位phasepowerfactor電壓voltage電阻resistance電容capacitance靜電staticelectricity接地grounding;easthing照明lighting;illuminationlightningpreventertelephone電線wire接線箱〔盒〕junctionboxconduittube設備固定鞍座fixedsaddle滑動鞍座slidingsaddlenozzle人孔manhole(MH)handhole(HH)檢查孔inspectionholedavittangentline焊接線weldingiineparthumbet橢圓形封頭ellipsoidalhead加強圈reinforcingring接地板earthlug吊耳liftinglugcylindershaft軸承bearing附件，附屬設備accessoryitemizedequipment無位號設備non-itemizedequipment水道流體原水rawwater硬水hardwatersoftwaterpotablewater循環冷卻水給水coolingwatersupply循環冷卻水回水coolingwaterreturndemineralizedwater苦咸水〔堿性水〕brackishwater生活污水sanitarysewer工業廢水industrialwastewaterrainwatercontaminatedrainwater消防水firewater裝置、設施softener沉淀器settlerclarifier脫鹽裝置demineralizerwatertraatmentcoolingtower中和池neutralizationtank化糞池septictank滲濾井soak-awaypitwellvalvepitcleanout〔3〕消防hydrantwatermonitorsprinklerwatering滅火器fireextinguisherfirepumpfirefightingtruckfoamfire-fightingfoamhydrantfoammonitor消防軟管接頭firehoseconnection管道支吊架PipeSupportsandHangersAttachmentofSupport管托shoe管卡clampU形夾〔卡〕clevisU形夾forgedsteelclevislug;ear耳軸trunnion止動擋塊shearlugstool托架cradle帶狀卡strapclampcleat可調夾板adjustablecleat角板；連接板gusset筋；肋ribring加強板stiffiener底板baseplate頂板topplate翅片式導向板fin預埋件embeddedpart;insertedplate墊板〔安裝墊平用〕shim錨固件；生根件clip預焊件(設備上)clip(onequipment)聚四氟乙烯滑動板PTFEslidingplatetieplate連接桿tierod限制桿limitrod帶環頭拉桿eyerod連接桿connectingrodlever支撐桿strut定位塊presetpieces間隔管〔片、塊〕spacer滑動吊板〔吊架頂部用〕slidingtraveler(forhanger)滑輪組tackle-block鋼索，電纜cable木塊woodblocksaddleskirt軟管卷盤〔簡〕hosereelpipeattachment管支架型式TypeofPipeSupport支承架restingsupport滑動架slidingsupportanchor導向架guide限制性支架；約束restraintstopstopper定值限位架limitstop二維限位架two-axisstopdouble-actinglimitstopdirectionalstop吊架hanger彈簧架springsupport彈簧托架restingtypespringsupport彈簧吊架springhanger恒力吊架constanthanger重錘式吊架counterweighthanger彈簧恒力吊架springconstanthanger彈簧恒力托架restingtypespringconstantsupportrollingsupport彈簧支撐架springbracingsnubber液壓減振器hydraulicsnubber減振裝置dampingdevice緩沖簡〔器〕dashpot剛性吊架rigidhanger標準及通用型支架標準管架standardpipesupport通用管架typicalpipesupportcantileversupport三角架triangularsupport’支腿legL形管架L-typesupportpoletypesupportsupportonwall可調支架adjustablesupportsleeper特別管架specialsupport管道支吊架圖pipingsupportdrawing管架安裝背至背backtoback鉆孔drill長孔slot;slotholeventhole灌漿；水泥砂漿填平grouting組裝；裝配assemblytapped;tappingfreetoslide跨度spanalignment切割使適合cuttosuittrimtosuit伸出長度〔指預埋螺栓〕extrusion應力計算熱應力分析thermalstressanalysis管道柔性分析pipingflexibilityanalysis荷載工況loadcaseforcereactionmoment彎曲力矩bendingmomenttorque外載externallyappliedloadloadcoldloadworkingload外力externalforceinternalforce力偶coupleofforce管系pipingsystem位移displacement附加位移appendantdisplacement;externallyimposeddisplacementangularrotation冷拉coldspring自拉selfspring方向direction元件membernode節點號nodenumberfreefixpoint;anchorpoint剛性的rigidflexibilityplasticity熱循環thermalcycle猛烈循環條件severecycliccondition應力stress彎曲應力bendingstress扭轉應力torsionalstress軸向應力axialstress剪切應力shearstress拉應力tensionstress壓應力compressionstress一次應力primarystress二次應力secondarystress位移〔熱脹〕應力范圍displacement(thermalexpansion)stressrange許用應力范圍allowablestressrange位移應力displacementstress柔性應力flexibilitystress內壓應力internalpressurestress外壓應力externalpressurestress縱向應力longitudinalstress許用應力allowablestress主應力principalstress圓周應力circumferentialstress;hoopstress峰值應力peakstress脈動應力pulsatingstress交變應力alternatingstress剩余應力residualstress熱應力thermalstress遛轉半徑radiusofgyrationPoissonratio彈性模量modulusofelasticitymomentofinertiapolarmomentofinertia斷面系數sectionmodulus應力集中系數coefficientofstressconcentration應力范圍減小系數stressrangereductionfactur應力增大系數stressintensificationfactor面內in-plane面外out-planeflexibilityfactor柔度特性flexibilitycharacteristic彈簧系數springconstant熱膨脹系數thermalexpansioncoefficientsafetyfactorstrain;deformation應變能strainenergy地震earthquakeseismicclasstemporaryload地震荷載seismicload;earthquakeloadseismiccoemcient;seismicfactor沖擊荷載shockloadsuperimposedload;excessload集中質量lumpedmass推力thrust設計震度designscismiccoefficient設計響應譜designresponsespectrum譜分析spectrumanalysis動態分析dynamicanalysis諧振分析harmonicanalysis固有振動型式naturalfrequencymode阻尼振動dampedvibration機械振動mechanicalvibration音響振動acousticvibrationfreevibration共振resonance湍振surging脈動pulsationexcitation衰減系數decayfactor;decaycoefficient;attenuationconstant固有頻率naturalfrequencyperiod波谷wavetrough波峰wavecrestamplitude水錘waterhammer隔熱、隔聲glasswoo1rockwool聚氨酯；聚氨基甲酸酯polyurethane泡沫玻璃foamglass;cellularglassasphaltasphaltfelt鍍鋅鐵絲galvanizedwire鍍鋅鐵絲網galvanizedwiremesh石棉板asbestosboard石棉布asbastoscloth石棉織品asbestosfabric管殼shellblanket硅酸鈣calciumsilicate硅酸鋁纖維aluminosilicatefiber珍寶巖perlite泡沫混凝土foamedconcrete;cellularconcretevermiculite礦〔渣〕mineralwool保溫塊insulationblock硅藻土kieselguhr;diatomite;diatomaceousearth碳酸鎂magnesiumcarbonate軟木corkwood泡沫聚苯乙烯cellularpolystyrene;foampolystyrenerigidfoamrubber填穎材料caulkingmaterial瑪帝脂保護層masticweatherproofcoating水泥抹面finishingcement金屬保護層clad;metaljacketing;claddingmetal玻璃布glass(fiber)clothgalvanized(sheet)iron;galvanizedplainsheet鋁板alaminiumsheet油毛氈；瀝青氈asphaltfelt發氈hairfelt發泡foamingthermalconductivityfactorinsulationhotinsulation保冷coldinsulation人身保護personalprotection隔聲soundinsulation防結露anti-sweat防凍winterizing線規wiregageBirminghamwiregage(BWG)美國線規Americanwiregage(AWG)supportring環箍circumferentialband鋼環steelring吸聲sound-absorbing分貝Decibelsoundsource聲強soundintensitysoundpressurelevelnoiselevel;soundlevel防腐、涂漆及腐蝕種類防腐漆anti-corrosivepaint;rush-proofpaintpaintingcoatingprimarycoat;bottomcoat面漆finishingcoat清漆varnish瓷漆enamel防銹漆antirustpaint醇酸瓷漆alkydenamelphenolicpaintbituminouspaint聚氨酯漆polyurethanepaint有機硅漆organicsiliconpainturushiolresinpaint環氧樹脂漆epoxyresinpaint過氯乙烯漆ethyleneperchloridepaint無機富鋅漆inorganiczinc-richpaintacid-proofpaint耐堿漆alkali-proofpaint耐熱漆heat-proofpaintthermo-paint顏色colour(color)淡〔淺〕色的；輕的lightdark紅色的redblueyellow綠色的greenpurple棕色的；褐色的brown橙色的orangecolour灰色的grey(gray)外表處理surfacepreparationcathodicprotection耐蝕性corrosionresistancecorrosion點蝕pitting縫隙腐蝕crevicecorrosion晶間腐蝕intergranularcorrosion電化腐蝕electrocorrosion接觸腐蝕contactcorrosion氣蝕cavitationerosion應力腐蝕stresscorrosion氣相腐蝕gaseouscorrosionhydrogenembrittlement焊接Welding焊接種類VarietiesofWelding電弧焊arcwelding電熔焊electricfusionwelding(EFW)fusiongaswelding(FGW)electricresistancewelding(ERW)有保護的金屬電弧焊shieldedmetalarcwelding(SMAW)手工或自動隋性氣體保護鎢極電弧焊manualandautomaticinertgastungstenarcwelding(GTAW)自動埋弧焊automaticsubmergedarcwelding金屬極隋性氣體保護電弧焊gasmetalarcweiding(GMAW)氬弧焊argon-arcwelding，氣體保護電弧焊gas-shieldedarcweldinggaswelding;flamewelding等離子焊plasmawelding硬釬焊brazewelding電渣焊electroslagwelding爆炸焊explosivewelding焊接形式TypeofWeldingfilletwelding連續焊intermittentwelding點焊spotwelding對焊buttwelding搭焊lapwelding塞焊plugwelding珠焊beadwelding槽焊slotweldingbuildupwelding墊板焊backingweldgrooveVVgrooveU形坡口singleUgrooveK形坡口doublebevelgrooveX形坡口doubleVgrooveU形坡口doubleUgrooveU-V組合坡口combinationUandVgroove根部間隙rootgapsymbolofweld錯邊量alignmenttolerance焊接位置WeldingPosition仰焊overheadwelding現場焊fieldweld(F.W.)封底焊backrunwelding立焊verticalweldingflatwelding工廠〔車間〕shopweld定位焊tackweld跳焊skipweldingpitch焊接缺陷DefectsofWelding焊接裂紋weldcrackrootcrack微裂紋microcrack錯位mismatchpit;crater焊穿burnthrough夾渣slaginclusionoverlap氣孔porosity,blowholeblisterpinhole嚴峻飛濺excessivespatter未溶合incompletefusion;lackoffusionincompletepenetration其它basemetal預熱preheatingheataffectedzone(HAZ)焊條weldingelectrode(rod)weldingwire焊藥〔劑〕flux熱處理HeatTreatment一般熱處理ConventionalHeatTreatment退火annealing局部退火spotannealing中間退火processannealing球化退火spheroidsannealing等溫退火isothermalannealing極軟退火dead-softannealingtempering正火normalizing淬火quenching水淬火waterquenching油淬火oilquenching等溫淬火isothermalquenching斷續淬火slackquenching高溫淬火hotquenching水冷淬火coldquenching調質quenchingandtempering消退應力stressrelief時效處理ageingtreatmenthardenability過熱敏感性superheatedsusceptivitytemperbrittleness外表熱處理SurfaceHeatTreatment火焰外表淬火flamesurfacequenching感應〔高頻〕硬化inductionhardeningcarbonization滲氮nitridation滲鉻chromizing滲鋁aluminizing檢驗及試驗檢驗Inspection焊接檢驗weldinginspection無損檢驗non-destructivetesting(NDT)肉眼檢驗；外觀檢驗visualinspection著色滲透檢驗dyepenetrantinspection液體滲透檢驗liquidpenetranttest(PT)X射線照相X-rayradiography射線照相gammaradiographytest(RT)渦流探傷eddycurrenttest(ET)超聲波探傷ultrasonictest(UT)磁粉探傷magneticparticletest(MT)熒光滲透檢驗fluorescentpenetrantinspection試驗Test壓力試驗pressuretest水壓試驗hydraulictestpneumatictest氣密試驗airtightnesstestleaktest鹵氣泄漏試驗halogengasleaktest盛水試驗fullwa