Unit5Intotheunknown名詞性從句一、連接詞that，whether，if引導的名詞性從句[觀察例句]1．Itispossiblethatcaffeinemaycausebirthdefects(缺陷)inhumans，too.2．Sheaskedmewhether/ifIhadreturnedthebookstothelibrary.3．Whetheritistrueremainsaquestion.4．Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.5．Ithink(that)youshouldturntotheteacherforhelp.6．Myreasonisthatthecostwillbetoohigh.7．ThenewsthatIhavepassedtheexamistrue.8．Thequestionwhetherhewilljoinusisveryimportant.[歸納用法]1．that引導主語從句時，常用it作形式主語(如例1)，that不作從句的任何成分，但通常不可省略。2．引導賓語從句的that不作從句的任何成分，常可省略(如例5)。3．引導表語從句和同位語從句的that不作從句的任何成分，通常不可省略(如例6、例7)。4．whether與if都可以引導賓語從句(如例2)。5．whether還可以引導主語從句(如例3)、表語從句(如例4)以及同位語從句(如例8)，其中引導同位語從句時不可以用if來替換。[名師點津]1．動詞find，feel，think，consider，make，believe等后面有賓語補足語時，需用it作形式賓語而將that引導的賓語從句后置，that通常不可省略。Ithinkitnecessarythatwedrinkplentyofboiledwatereveryday.2．that引導兩個以上的賓語從句時，通常只省略第一個從句中的that。3．whether與if引導賓語從句時，大多數情況下可以互換。但ornot前面用whether；用于介詞后的賓語從句也用whether引導。Wedon'tknowwhetherornotshewasready.I'minterestedinwhetheryou'vefinishedthework.4．有時主句的謂語較短，而同位語從句的內容較長，這時為避免“頭重腳輕”，常常將謂語部分提到從句前面，形成分隔式同位語從句。MywishwillcometrueonedaythatIshouldbuyabighouseformyparents.[即學即練1]單句語法填空①Itiswonderfulthatallofushavepassedthedifficultexam!②Iwonderif/whethertheyaresoeagertolearnthetechnology.③Thereasonforherabsencewasthatshewasill.④Thequestioniswhetheryoushouldaccepttheirinvitation.⑤Tellmewhetherornotyouarewillingtodothework.⑥Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreeswiththeopinion.二、連接代詞和連接副詞引導的名詞性從句[觀察例句]1．IwilldowhatIcantohelphim.2．Ithasnotbeendecidedwhowillbesentthere.3．Itisunknownwhenwewillhaveoursportsmeet.4．Goandgetyourcoat.It'swhereyouleftit.5．That'swhyIwantyoutoworkthere.6．Idon'tknowwhosebookthisis.7．Ihavenoideawhattheboyisdoingintheroomnow.8．Wehaven'tyetsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacationthisyear.[歸納用法]1．引導名詞性從句的連接代詞有who，whom，whose，what等。它們不但起連接作用，還在從句中作主語(如例2)、表語、賓語(如例1、例7)、定語(如例6)等。缺少連接代詞，從句不完整。2．引導名詞性從句的連接副詞有when，where，why，how。它們不但起連接作用，還在從句中作狀語，表示時間(如例3)、地點(如例4、例8)、原因(如例5)和方式等。缺少連接副詞，從句也不完整。[名師點津]引導名詞性從句的還有“疑問詞＋ever”，如whoever、whomever、wherever、whichever等，它們在從句中充當某些句子成分。Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished.Whereverchildrengomakestheirparentsworry.[即學即練2]單句語法填空①Hedidn'ttelluswherewewouldmeetnexttime.②Whatworriesthemmostiswholetoutthesecret.③TomhasnoideahowhecanexpresshimselfclearlyinEnglish.④Theproblemiswhereweshouldputouroldfurniture.⑤Thebookcanbehelpfultowhoeverwantsthejobtopassthedrivingtest.⑥Thequestionwhoshoulddotheworkisbeingdiscussedatthemeeting.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Don'ttakeitforgrantedthatyourparentswilldoeverythingforyou.2．Now，heisstillwaitingtofindoutwhether/ifhehasbrokentherecord.3．Hepromisedtogiveagreatrewardtowhoeverfoundthewatch.4．“That'sexactlywhatIneed，”Mr.Vincentsaidtohimself.5．Thinkaboutwhatyouwantinthecomingyear，thenaskyourselfwhyyouwantthat.6．Anotherpossiblereasonisthatonaverage，theBritishpeopledon'ttakethemselvestooseriously.7．Whathedidknowwasthathewasverythankfulfortheopportunitygiventohim.8．ThetwopresidentstalkedbytelephoneonFriday，butthedetailsofwhattheysaidwerenotavailable.Ⅱ.短文語法填空AfterbeingupsetatopportunitiesintheUK，IlefttheUKforanothercountryanddiscoveredthatunderstandingan1.entirely(entire)newculturetaughtmealotabouthowtogetahead.Mylifeoverseasbeganafterreadingane-mailaboutagovernmentprogramme2.withtheaimofgettingyoungpeopleovertothatcountry.I3.hadconsidered(consider)nointernationalworkexperiencebefore，but，realizingthatthiswasanopportunitynottobemissed，Iboardedaplanetothecountry.Themainreasonforpeopletogoonsuchavoyageistodevelop4.abetterunderstandingofadifferentculture.Thekeyto5.getting(get)aheadinthiscountryistogetconnectedwithotherpeople，whichdetermineshowbusiness6.isdone(do)andhowyousucceed.Livingabroadisn'taseasyasIthought.Eachdaywillpresentyouwithanewchallenge7.tobeovercome(overcome)．Butitwillwhollydisappearwithdayswhenyourtaxidriverfinallyunderstands8.whereyouneedtogow