2020202011日創作人：歷恰面2020202011日創作人：歷恰面創作人：創作人：歷恰面日期：2020 年1月1日初三英語動詞不定式人教版＋朗文【同步教育信息】一.本周教學內容：復習動詞不定式作表語、賓語、賓語補足語、狀語和作定語。一.動詞不定式放在謂語動詞be后面就是作表語。e.g.Ourdutyistostudyhardforthepeople.連系動詞作表語Herwishistobecomeateacher.她的愿望是成為一名老師。〔作表語〕所以不定式作表語的構造是：謂語動詞be+todoThemostimportantthingistopractisespeakingEnglishasoftenaspossible.盡可能經常練習講英語是最重要的。二.動詞不定式在及物動詞后面就是作賓語。 我們已經學過的動詞有： want,wish,hope,agree,plan,try,start,begin,decide,learn,like,know,help 等等。e.g.MrsLiwantstotakethesebookstotheoffice.李老師想把這些書帶到辦公室去。Iliketoplaycomputergamesinmyfreetime.我喜歡在業余時間是玩電子游戲。重點：有些及物動詞后面還可以跟帶有疑問代詞〔 what,which,who,whose 等〕或者問副詞〔how,why,where,when等〕的不定式作賓語。Samdidn ’tknowwhichbooktochoose.山姆不知道該選擇哪一本書。Theteachercouldn ’tdecidewhentohaveaquiz.老師不能決定什么時候進展測試。注意：只有及物動詞后面的不定式才叫不定式作賓語， 而不及物動詞后面的不定式叫作狀語。e.g.Lindadecidedtolearnasecondforeignlanguage.琳達決定學另外一種外國語。decide是及物動詞，tolearn是不定式作賓語。ThestudentsoftengotoseeUncleWang.go是不及物動詞，tosee是不定式作目的狀語。假如有疑問詞，必須放在不定式之前。e.g.Marydoesn ’ttodonext.瑪麗不知道下一步該干什么。Didanyonetellyouwhentohaveasportsmeeting?有人告訴你什么時間是開運動會了嗎？it作形式賓語，真正的賓語todosth.think/finditadj.+todosth.e.g.Ifinditdifficulttounderstandhim.我發現很難理解他。MotherthinksitimportanttomasterEnglish.母親認為掌握英語很重要。Thechildfounditveryhardtogettothetopofthemountain.孩子發現到達山頂很難。三.動詞不定式作賓語補足語的構造是：謂語動詞加賓語〔名詞或者代詞〕，再跟一個不定式，形成一個復合構造。e.g.tellsb.todosth. 告訴某人做某事asksb.todosth. 請某人做某事wishsb.todosth. 希望某人做某事wouldlikesb.todosth. 愿意某人做某teachsb.todosth. 教某人做某事ordersb.todosth. 命令某人做某事動詞不定式的否認形式是在不定式前加 not.e.g.tellsb.nottodosth. 叫某人不要做某事Thepolicemantoldtheboysnottoplayinthestreet.警察叫男孩們別在街上玩。這種構造中還可以有疑問代詞或者疑問副詞。e.g.teachsbhowtodosth.MrPopetaughtLinahowtousethewashingmachine.tellsb.where/how/whentodosth.MalcolmtoldSusanwheretogetsomecoffee.注意：不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語的情況有：在感官動詞，see,hearwatchfeel,notice等后面。在使役動詞，make,let,have等后面作賓補的不定式不能加 to.記住：seesb.dosth. 看見某人做某事hearsb.dosth. 聽見某人做某事watchsb.dosth. 觀察某人做某事feelsb.dosth. 感覺覺察某人做某makesb.dosth. 迫使某人做某事let/havesb.dosth. 讓某人做某事〔沒有被動語態〕遇到這類句子變成被動語態時，一定要加 to千萬不可忘記。bemadetodosth.beseen/heardtodosth.e.g.Peopleoftenhearthegirlsingintheconcert.Thegirlisoftenheardtosingintheconcert 〔bypeopleMrsBlackmadeJackdomoreexercises.JackwasmadetodomoreexercisesbyMrsBlack.Amiddle-agedmanwasseentogointotheoffice.有人看見一個中年男人進入辦公室。四.動詞不定式作狀語可以表示目的，結果和原因。e.g.ShewenttochooseaChristmaspresentlastweek.上周她去選擇圣誕禮物。〔表示目的〕Judytookataxiinordertogettotheairportintime.朱娣乘出租車為的是及時趕到飛機場。〔表示目的〕Heisoldenoughtojointhearmy.他已到了參HY的年齡。〔表示結果〕Grandpaistootiredtogoonworking.爺爺年齡太大不能繼續工作了。〔表示結果〕I’mgladtoseemyfriendsagain.再見到朋友們我很快樂。〔表示原因〕SorrytohearthatBenisill.聽到本生病了很傷心。〔表示原因〕重點應當記住：表示目的狀語的不定式有兩種：不及物動詞后面跟狀語。e.g.Kevincametotellusthebadnews.凱文來是為了告訴我們這個壞消息。及物動詞后面的不定式作賓語。Wewishtohaveahappyholiday.我們希望過個愉快的假期。todosth./inordertodosth. 否認形式inordernottodosth.e.g.Inordertogettoschoolearly,hegotupat6o ’clockthismorning.今天早晨為了早到校，他六點鐘就起床了。Weshouldgoovertheexercisesnottomakethesamemistake.為了不犯同樣的錯誤，我們應該檢查一下這些練習。記住兩個表示結果狀語的動詞不定式短語。enoughtodo??足夠??做某事Thecityhallisnotlargeenoughtoholdthousandsofpeople./too?todo太?〔以致不能〕做某事Itsnevertoooldtolearn.活到老，學到老。表示原因的不定式作狀語的構造是： be+adj.+todo 常用的形容詞有：sorry,happy,glad,pleased,lucky,surprised,able,eager,angry,ready,clever,foolish,wrong,right 等等。e.g.Kateissurprisedtohearthegoodnews.聽到這個好消息Kate很驚奇。Lilyissorrytobelate.莉莉遲到很抱歉。Youareclevertosolvethedifficultproblem.解決這個難題你真是太聰明了。注意：動詞不定式作賓語與動詞不定式作狀語的區別：及物動詞后面的是不定式作賓語e.g.IwanttolearnRussian.tolearnRussian在及物動詞want后面作賓語。從上面的例句中可以看出及物動詞 want后面假如沒有tolearnRussian，句子意思那么不完好，說明tolearn在及物動詞后面不可略。不及物動詞后面的是不定式作目的狀語。e.g.Hecametohelpmeyesterday.不定式tohelpme在不及物動詞后面表示 came的目的，作狀語。從上面的例句可以看出， 假如只寫Hecame句子成立，意思完好，說明 tohelpme不必不可缺的。句型轉換：enoughtodo so?thatcando〕表示結果狀語從句之間可以進展句型轉換。e.g.MrDerhamistallenoughtoreachtheapplesonthetree. MrDeahamissotallthathecanreachtheapplesonthetree.Nasispokeslowlyenoughforthechildrentounderstand. →Nasispokesoslowlythatthechildrencouldunderstand.Nasi說得慢為的是孩子們能懂。tootodothatcanto示結果狀語從句之間的句型轉換。e.g.Theoldmanwastootiredtowalkanyfurther.→Theoldmanwassotiredthathecouldn ’twalkanyfurther.老人太累了，以致走不動了。inordertodo sothat〕表示目的狀語從句之間句型的轉換。e.g.Igotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.→IgotupearlysothatIcouldcatchthefirstbus.我早起為的是趕上第一班公一共汽車。五.動詞不定式可以用作定語。不定式有形容詞的作用，在句子中作定語，修飾名詞或者者代詞。動詞不定式放在所修飾的名詞或者者代詞之后。表示“?要〔做某事〕〞“?的〞e.g.Ihavemuchhouseworktodo.〔放在名詞之后〕我有許多家務要做。Doyouwantsomethingtoeat?你想吃些東西嗎？/你想要點吃的東西嗎？〔放在代詞之后〕切記：用作定語的動詞不定式一定要放在所修飾的名詞之后。e.g.Janeisalwaysthefirsttofinishherhomework.Jane總是第一個完成作業。而單個的名詞，代詞、數詞、形容詞用作定語一般放在所修飾的名詞之前。.名詞作定語 Junetsn 代詞作定語 HisfriendEdwardcalledhimjustnow.數詞作定語 Theysoldtenbooksamomentago.形容詞作定語 Thisisaninterestingbook.介詞短語、副詞，不定式〔短語〕放在所修飾的名詞之后。介詞短語作定語：Whoisthewomaninfrontofthebuilding?副詞作定語 Whoseisthemagazinethere?不定式作定語 Doyouhaveanythingtosay?注意兩個要點：必須是在所修飾的名詞之后的才是不定式作定語。e.g.HanMeiwasthesecondstudenttogettoschool.韓梅是第二個到校的學生。Wehavesomethingtoread.我們有些要看的書。等，不定式動詞后面應該有必須的介詞。e.g.Thereisonlyasmallroomtolivein.〔toliveintheroom〕Thereisnothingtoworryabout. 沒什么可擔憂的。〔toworryabout?〕【模擬試題】單項選擇：It ’saniceplace .forvisit B.tovisit C.visit D.tovisitedThefamilyhasfourchildren .tolookout B.tolook C.tolookafter D.totakeThepoemis learnbyheart.enoughlongtotoolongforustonottoolongforusnottotoolongforustoHeopenedthewindow thefreshairin.tolet B.tocatch C.totake D.tomadeThemandrove thetree.fastenoughthatheknockedonsofastthatheknockedonsofastthatheknockedsofasttoknockJimtoldhim anymore.tolie B.notlie C.nottolie D.didn ’tlieYoumustwatchtheworkers themachinecarefully.toopen B.operatedC.tooperate D.operateTheforeignerwants tothezoo.toknowhowtogotoknowhowgotoknowtogohowtoknowhowgoingDon’tforget yoursisterherenexttime.bring B.tobringC.brought D.totakeMyideais .tohavehimtodoithelpyouwithyouChinesetoletWudoitbyhimselftowriteitbyFrench.根據句意用方框內所給詞組的適當形式填空。make,writeto,build,notchangeonemake,writeto,build,notchangeone?i,t,,,eto,clean,so?thatThewindowsoftheroom bythechildrentwodaysago.Heruns fast wecan ’tcatchupwithhim.Sheisnothere.She herbrother hislessons.You ,haveyou?He youassoonashegetsthere.ecan ’totee finishskfirst.Thebuildingneartheschoolmust inhalfayear.LiLinaskedwho youEnglishlastterm.Thereissomethingwrongwithit.Pleasestop it.“Wouldyouliketogooutwithme? “No,Ihaveashirt . 〞II. 補全對話：A: 〔Outsidetheschoolgate〕Hello!MynameisWangLi.I ’mheretomeetyou.B:Hello! 1 .WangLi.MynameisBillSmith. 2A:Gladtomeetyou,too.Bill.AreyoufromAmerica?B:No. 3 .A:Welcometoourschool,B: 4 .A:It ’sapleasuretobeabletowelcomeastudentfromCanada.Letmehelpyoucarrythebags.B: 5 .A:Youarewelcome.根據中文提示和英文詞語翻譯句子。小樹應經常澆水，他們才能長得好。 ,thentheycangrowwell.在我們國家老年人應該受到良好的照顧。 inourcountry.這種杯子是用來喝酒的。Thiskindofcup .因為爸爸媽媽都不懂英文，所以他們決定學英語。 ,sotheydecidedtolearnEnglish.馬克·吐溫是世界上著名作家之一。MarkTwainwas intheworld.當足球迷們看到貝克漢姆時，他們變得如此沖動，以致于喊著他的名字。WhenthefootballfanssawBeckham,theygot theyshoutedhisname.完形填空：Dumas〔大仲馬〕livedinParis.Hewasafamous1writer.2peopleknowhimandlikehisworksOncehewasaskedtovisitMoscow.Hehadbeentosomemuseumsandplacesofinterestthere,hewasveryhappybecausetheRussiansgave3awarmwelcome.Oneafternoonthewriterdecidedtogotothebiggest4inthecity.Theshopkeeperwastoldaboutit.Hewantedtomakethewriterhappy.Sohetoldhismento 5theworksoftheotherwritersandputonallthe6Soonthewritercameandbeganto7thebooksintheshop.Buthe 8 therewereonlyhisworksthere.He 9 strangeandasked“ 10 aretheotherwriters ’rkssir?Ofcoursetheshopkeeper 1 tellthetruth.Butenktow 2 tosay.Inhurryhesaid,Theirshavebeensoldoutsir. 〞1.A.RussianB.AmericanC.FrenchD.British2.A.MuchB.FewC.AlotofD.Little3.A.tohimB.herC.forhimD.him4.A.bookstoreB.shoesstoreC.clothesstoreD.capstore5.A.takeawayB.takeoutC.takeoffD.takecareof6.A.desksB.tablesC.shelvesD.chairs7.A.lookforB.watchC.seeD.read8.A.wassorryB.readC.thoughtD.found9.A.feelsB.isfeelingC.feltD.hadfelt10.A.WhereB.WhatC.WhenD.Who11.A.couldB.couldnotC.mightD.mightnot12.A.how B.what C.who D.when閱讀理解AtthebeginningofthecenturytherewasafarmnearLosAngelesinCalifornia.ItwascalledHollywoodAfewyearslaterHollywoodwasoneofthefamousplacesintheworld.Fromthe1910stothe1950sHollywoodwasthefilmcentreoftheworld.EveryfamilyknewthenamesofitsfilmstarsCharlesChaplin,GretaCarbo,IngridBergman,andhundredsmore.WhydidpeoplegotoHollywood tomakefilms? Thereasonwasthesun.AtfirstpeoplemadefilmsinNewYorkattheeastlandbytheseaoftheUnitedStates.ButthentheyheardaboutLosAngeles.Thereare350daysofsuneveryear.Astheymadeallthefilmsbysunlight,thewestlandbytheseawasamuchbetterplacetowork.AlsonearHollywoodyoucanfindmountainsandseaandforest.Theydidnothavetotravelfartomakeanykindoffilm.Thefirstfilms werepictureswithout sound.Todaywestill watchthiskind ofplaysbyCharlesChaplin. Inthelate1920scametalkies[t :kiz]〞,youcouldhearthepeoplespeakingandlistentothemusic.Todaytelevisionbecamepopular.Peoplenolongerwenttothecinema.SoHollywood startedmakingfilms fortelevision.Theninthe1970stheyfoundthatpeoplestillwenttothecinematoseebigexpensive filmssuchasTrueLies,orGonewiththeWind. AfterseventyyearstheyarestillmakingfilmsinHollywood andpeoplewatchthemallovertheworld.Hollywoodis .inthecentreofNewYorknearLosAngles