課堂內外：

走向人文化的英語教學上海外國語大學王欣2016.7.27英語教學為何要人文化？人文化的英語教學有什么內涵？英語教學如何走向人文化？

課堂內？

課堂外？英語教學為何要人文化？人文化的英語教學有什么內涵？英語教學如何走向人文化？

課堂內？

課堂外？英語教學為何要人文化？

時代語境的要求學科屬性的回歸人才培養的需要深厚學養、國際視野、人文情懷語言的交際能力、審美能力文化的溝通能力有社會責任感的公民終身學習的能力與興趣什么是人文化的英語教學？從技能化轉向人文化語言學習與人文主義語言教學的人文化語言學習與人文主義

OscarBrowning(1837-1923)：人文主義現實主義自然主義《大英百科全書》對人文教育的定義：“人文學科的教育是非行業性、非職業性的，它關注的是促使個人成熟為人或公民(自由人)，而不是使之成為某一特殊領域的工作者。”語言教學的人文化一方面是將語言作為文化的載體，通過語言來學習文化，同時在文化學習中提升語言；另一方面是培養學生的人文情懷，在教學中加強人文精神濡染，提升學生的人文素養。人文知識的積累聯想思維的訓練人文素養的提升人文情懷的培養可見的“人文化”

：人文知識

擴大的知識結構豐富的知識儲備語言文學政治歷史社會生活哲學科學......不可見的“人文化”：

思維、素養與情懷

開闊的眼界視野提高的思維能力提升的人文素養……英語教學如何走向人文化？

課堂內：教學活動的組織安排

教學理念，教學方法，教材選擇課堂外：教師的自我發展與成長

立德樹人，人格魅力

教學相長，學術魅力

課堂內：

教學活動的組織安排教學理念教學方法教材選擇教學理念：英語教學從技能化到人文化豐富知識結構訓練聯想思維培養人文情懷塑造健全人格教學方法：啟發、對話、聯想蘇格拉底式的教育方式問題與討論相結合聯想與思辨相結合教學方法：啟發、對話、聯想蘇格拉底式的教育方式問題與討論相結合聯想與思辨相結合以對話、啟發的方式進行聯想思維訓練，由此提升學生的思考、思辨能力，由此拓展學生的知識面，由此激發學生的好奇心與求知欲，由此培養學生的終生學習能力。以對話、啟發的方式進行聯想思維訓練，由此提升學生的思考、思辨能力，由此拓展學生的知識面，由此激發學生的好奇心與求知欲，由此培養學生的終生學習能力。閱讀思考眼界情懷成長……

教學材料的選擇:

舉一反三，引發聯想英語口語課程的人文化教學：自主選擇教學材料自主選擇教材語言的難易程度語言的文學審美語篇的思想內涵“Conversation”SamuelJohnson(1709-1784)Poet,critic&lexicographeraremarkablywitty

conversationalist

andentertainingcompanionFewspendtheirtimewithmuchsatisfactionundertheeyeofuncontestablesuperiority;andtherefore,amongthosewhosepresenceiscourtedatassembliesofjollity,thereareseldomfoundmeneminentlydistinguishedforpowersoracquisitions.Thewitwhosevivacitycondemnsslowertonguestosilence,thescholarwhoseknowledgeallowsnomantofancythatheinstructshim,thecriticwhosuffersnofallacytopassundetected,andthereasonerwhocondemnstheidletothoughtandthenegligenttoattention,aregenerallypraisedandfeared,reverencedandavoided.OfDiscourse,byFrancisBaconDiscretionofspeechismorethaneloquence;andtospeakagreeablytohim,withwhomwedeal,ismorethantospeakingoodwords,oringoodorder.子曰：君子食無求飽，居無求安。敏于事而慎于言，就有道而正焉,可謂好學也已。

---《論語·學而》TheMastersays,“Agentlemannevereatstodullness,ordemandscomfortinshelter.Heisassiduousinwork,butcautiousinwords.Heisalwaysreadytolearnfromrighteouspeoplesoastoamendhisways.Suchamanisgenuinelydiligent.”CP(CooperativePrinciple)PP(PolitenessPrinciple)

InhisTheAutobiography,BenjaminFranklinmentionedthirteennamesofvirtueshepracticedtoimproveandperfecthimself,whichcanbeseenhowheamended

hisways.Hesays,“TheseNamesofVirtueswiththeirPreceptswere:Silence

Speaknotbutwhatmaybenefitothersoryourself.AvoidingtriflingConversation.英語精讀課程的人文化教學：既定教材基礎上的補充與拓展新目標大學英語系列教材《綜合教程1》LeftBehind,PamelaPerryBlaine“TheinsidesoftheturkeyfryerthatwasleftbehindremindedmeofthedeliciousThanksgivingmealthatweallenjoyed.”TheFoundingofJamestownTheMayflowerTheFirstThanksgivingIn1620,agroupof102peoplesailedfromEnglandtoAmericainashipcalledMayflower.Theywantedabetterlifeandfreedomtoworshipastheychose.Theywerepuritans,alsoknownasPilgrims.TheylandedinwhatisnowMassachusettsandcalledtheirnewsettlementPlymouth.Lifeinthenewworldwasnoteasy.WiththehelpofNativeAmericans,theylearnedhowtoplantcrops.Thenextyear,52Pilgrimsand90NativeAmericanfriendscelebratedtheirsurvivalwithathree-dayharvestfeast—withseafood,turkey,deer,vegetables,andfruits.ThisbecameknownastheFirstThanksgiving.RememberthosejuicyredberriesthataremadeintosauceforThanksgivingdinner?Well,theymighthavecomefromMassachusetts.Itisnumberoneingrowingcranberries.WesternfestivalsChinesefestivalsCross-culturalawarenessDictation:

ameansoffostering

associativethinkingAnIntegratedEnglishCourseDictationmaterialsarechosenfor…introductionto

basicknowledgerecommendationoffurtherreadingInitiationoffurtherdiscussion…

introductionto

basicknowledgeAFreshStart(Unit1,Book3)byEvelynHeraldThisarticleistheauthor’sautobiographicalessay.Basicknowledge:distinctionbetweenbiography,autobiography,memoirandjournal

Lateinthe17thcentury,JohnDrydendefinedbiographyneatlyas“thehistoryofparticularmen’slives”.Thenamenowconnotesarelativelyfullaccountofaparticularperson’slife,involvingtheattempttosetforthcharacter,temperament,andmilieu,aswellasthesubject’sactivitiesandexperiences.Autobiographyisabiographywrittenbythesubjectabouthimselforherself.Itistobedistinguishedfromthe

memoir,inwhichtheemphasisisnotontheauthor’sdevelopingselfbutonthepeopleandeventsthattheauthorhasknownorwitnessed,andalsofromtheprivate

diary

or

journal,whichisaday-to-dayrecordoftheeventsinone’slife,writtenforpersonaluseandsatisfaction,withlittleornothoughtofpublication.AGlossaryofLiteraryTerms--M.H.Abrams,p.44recommendation

offurtherreadingNeverGiveIn,Never,Never,Never(Unit1,Book4)byWinstonChurchillThisarticleisaspeechmadebyChurchillinhisvisitofHarrowSchoolin1941.Furtherreading:WinstonChurchill,orator,NobelPrizeWinnerPriortothespeech,G.Liljestrand,MemberoftheRoyalAcademyofSciences,madethefollowingremarks:…WewouldliketoaskLadyChurchilltoconveytoherhusbandourrespectfulandsincereadmirationandreverenceforwhathehasgivenusinhiswritingsandhisspeeches.

Inthepast,severalprimeministersandministersofforeignaffairsandeventwoPresidentsoftheUnitedStateshavebeenawardedtheNobelPeacePrize.Now,forthefirsttime,agreatstatesmanhasreceivedthePrizeinLiterature.ButSirWinstonChurchillisarecognizedmasteroftheEnglishlanguage,thatwonderfulandflexibleinstrumentofhumanthought.Hismonumentalbiographiesarealreadyclassics,andhisworksoncontemporaryhistoryareanoutflowofdeepandintimatefirst-handknowledge,oflucidityofstyleaswellasofhumourandgenerosity.ButtoSirWinstontheEnglishlanguagehasalsoprovidedanimportanttool,withtheaidofwhichpartofhisjobhasbeenfinished.…

Furtherreading:WinstonChurchillSpeech

uponhisawardofHonoraryCitizenshipBertrandRussell’sNobelPrizeacceptancespeech:WhatDesiresArePoliticallyImportant?supplement

ofbackgroundinformationACaseof“SevereBias”(Unit12,Book4)byPatriciaRaybon

“OnCivilDisobedience”,HenryDavidThoreauIheartilyacceptthemotto,“Thatgovernmentisbestwhichgovernsleast”;andIshouldliketoseeitacteduptomorerapidlyandsystematically.Carriedout,itfinallyamountstothis,whichalsoIbelieve—“Thatgovernmentisbestwhichgovernsnotatall”;andwhenmenarepreparedforit,thatwillbethekindofgovernmentwhichtheywillhave.SevereBias:racialdiscriminationHenryDavidThoreau,“OnCivilDisobedience”(1849)MahatmaGandhi,Non-violenceResistanceMartinLutherKing,“IHaveaDream”補充與拓展：

人文化英語教學中的詩歌教學詩歌輔助教學審美感受力聯想思維力獨立思考力人文情懷審美感受力：語言的審美（文學）翻譯能力聯想思維力：拓展人文知識

提升歷史文化意識

激發對中國文學、文化的熱愛SheWalksinBeauty

byGeorgeGordonByron（1788-1824）

…

Oneshadethemore,oneraytheless,

HadhalfimpairedthenamelessgraceWhichwavesineveryraventress,

Orsoftlylightenso’erherface;…玉曰：“天下之佳人，莫若楚國；楚國之麗者，莫若臣里；臣里之美者，莫若臣東家之子。東家之子，增之一分則太長，減之一分則太短；著粉則太白，施朱則太赤。眉如翠羽，肌如白雪，腰如束素，齒如含貝……”

---宋玉，《登徒子好色賦》

SheWalksinBeauty

byGeorgeGordonByron（1788-1824）

…

Oneshadethemore,oneraytheless,

HadhalfimpairedthenamelessgraceWhichwavesineveryraventress,

Orsoftlylightenso’erherface;…SheWalksinBeauty

byGeorgeGordonByron（1788-1824）

…

Oneshadethemore,oneraytheless,

Hadhalfimpairedthenamelessgrace

Whichwavesineveryraventress,

Orsoftlylightenso’erherface;…子曰：君子食無求飽，居無求安。敏于事而慎于言，就有道而正焉,可謂好學也已。

---《論語·學而》TheMastersays,“Agentlemannevereatstodullness,ordemandscomfortinshelter.Heisassiduousinwork,butcautiousinwords.Heisalwaysreadytolearnfromrighteouspeoplesoastoamendhisways.Suchamanisgenuinelydiligent.”當第一抹陽光灑向大地的時候，這對情人手拉手，在鄉村道路上散步。(Unit3,Book3)當第一抹陽光灑向大地的時候，這對情人手拉手，在鄉村道路上散步。(Unit3,Book3)Thecouplestrolledhand-in-handalongthecountryroadwhen

thesuninitsfirstsplendor

steepedtheearth.WilliamWordsworth

（1770-1850）:ComposedUponWestminsterBridge,September3,1802;…NeverdidsunmorebeautifullysteepInhisfirstsplendor,valley,rock,orhill;

Ne’ersawI,neverfelt,acalmsodeep!…《全新版大學英語綜合教程》主編：李蔭華王德明Unit6Romance

TextAAValentineStory

Love’sPhilosophy,byPercyByssheShelley(1792-1822)Whatislove?Lovemeanscommitment.

Lovemeansexcitingheartbeat.Loveshouldbeonlyforlove'ssake.Lovemeansabandoningthewholeworld.Lovemeanssex.Lovemaybreakheart.Lovemaybesubjecttobetrayal.Lovemaybeinvain....Lovemeanscommitment.ARedRedRose,RobertBurns(1759-1796)...Asfairartthou,mybonnielass,SodeepinluveamI;AndIwillluvetheestill,mydear,Tilla'theseasgangdry.Tilla'theseasgangdry,mydear,Andtherocksmeltwi'thesun:AndIwillluvetheestill,mydear,Whilethesandso'lifeshallrun....Lovemeansexcitingheartbeat.MeetingatNight,RobertBrowning(1812-1889)...Thenamileofwarmsea-scentedbeach;Threefieldstocrosstillafarmappears;Atapatthepane,thequicksharpscratchAndthebluespurtofalightedmatch,Andavoicelessloud,thro'itsjoysandfears,Thanthetwoheartsbeatingeachtoeach!ROMEO…Loveisasmokeraisedwiththefumeofsighs;Beingpurged,afiresparklinginlovers'eyes;Beingvex'd,aseanourish'dwithlovingtears:Whatisitelse?amadnessmostdiscreet,Achokinggallandapreservingsweet.(RomeoandJuliet,ActISceneI)"Deathisagreatpricetopayforaredrose,"criedtheNightingale,"Andlifeisverydeartoall.Itispleasanttositinthegreenwood,andtowatchtheSuninhischariotofgold,andtheMooninherchariotofpearl.Sweetisthescentofthehawthorn,andsweetarethebluebellsthathideinthevalley,an