2022-2023年福建省龍巖市大學英語6級大學英語六級測試卷(含答案)學校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Worldpopulationbefore1900increasedslowly,at0.002percentperyear,or20permillioninhabitants.

A.YB.NC.NG

2.AnimalEinsteins

Whenitcomestointelligence,humanbeingsarethetopdogsoftheanimalkingdom.Orsowetellourselves.Butinrecentyears,scientistshavebeendocumentingsurprisingintelligenceandemotionaldepthinanimalsrangingfromhumblehoneybeestothunderingelephants.Throughstudiesinlabsandinthewild,researchershavefoundanimalscommunicatingcomplexideas,solvingproblems,usingtoolsandexpressingtheirfeelings—behaviorsoncethoughttobeuniquelyhuman.

Theintelligencewe'retalkingaboutismorethan,say,trainingadogtodetectcancerinhumans,afeatthatmaysavemanylives.It'stheabilityoftheanimaltouseaninnatetraitforacomplexpurpose.Hereare,someamazingexamples.

ArtisticMonkeyBusiness

WhenJanetSchmidbecameexecutivedirectoroftheLittleRiverZooinNorman,Oklahoma,in1996,shelearnedalotabouttheintelligenceofmonkeys.Sheandherhusbandadoptedayoungmalewhohadanaughtypersonality,andnamedhimMr.Bailey.Themonkeyparticularlylikedtakingcarrides,insistingthatheinserttheignitionkeyandrideshotguninthepassenger'sseat."Helovedtoduckbelowthewindowaswe'dcometoanintersection",Schmidrecalls,"Whenwe'dstop,he'djumpupandlaughatthecarnexttous,justtogetariseoutOfthepassengers".

Now12yearsold,Mr.Baileyhasbecomeanavidpainter.Heusesavarietyofbrushstrokestocreatecolorful,abstractcanvasesand,likeanytemperamentalartist,prefersnottobedisturbedwhilecreatinghisart."He'llpaintsteadilyforalmostanhourandwon'tletanyoneinterrupthimuntilheputsdownhisbrush",saysSchmid."He'samazingtowatchbemuseyoucantellthere'sathoughtprocessoccurring.Whenweraisedhim,wequitwatchingTVbecausebewassoentertaining".

IvyLeagueParrot

Thetermbirdbrainisconsideredaninsult,butsomebirdsactuallyareprettybrainy.OneAfricangreyparrotinsuburbanBostonissaidtohavethecognitiveabilitiesofafive-year-oldchild.Alex(forAvianLearningExperiment)isa29-year-oldbirdthat'sbeentutoredmostofhislifebyIrenePepperberg,PhD,aHarvard-educatedprofessornowteachingatBrandeisUniversity.Alexcanidentify50differentobjects,sevencolors,fiveshapes,quantitiesuptosix,andtheconceptsofbigger,smaller,sameanddifferent."Andhesaid,'I'mtarry'",reportsPepperberg."Heknewwhatwasappropriatetosay".

PepperberginsiststhatAlexmakesreasoneddecisions—meaninghepossesseslanguageabilitiesoncethoughttoseparatehumansfromtherestoftheanimalkingdom.Duringanexperimentin2004,researchersgaveAlexdifferent-coloredblocksinsetsoftwo,threeandsix.Whenaskedwhichcolorgroupbedfiveblocks,Alexreplied,"None".Andherepeatedtheanswerinduplicatetests.AlthoughAlexhadpreviouslylearnedthetermtodescribethedifferencebetweentwoidenticallysizedobjects,heapparentlyinterpretedtheconceptof"none"asanabsenceofquantityallonhisown.

"Theimportantthingwasnotjustthatheunderstoodazero-likeconcept",saysPepperberg,"butthathewasabletotakeinformationfromonedomainandapplyittoanother.That'salotlikeahighschoolstudentansweringquestionsonaquizshow".

SuchfeatshavemadeAlexacelebrity.

CulturedOrangutans(猩猩)

Becauseorangutansandhumansshare97percentofthesameDNA,it'snosurprisethattheprimatesexhibitimpressivebrainpower.TakeChantek,a28-year-oldlivinginZooAtlanta.RaisedlikeahumanchildbyanthropologistH.LynMiles,PhD,Chanteklearnedtouseatoilet,cleanhisroomandreceiveanallowance,whichhespentontripstoMcDonald's.Todayheknowsmorethan150wordsinsignlanguageandcancomprehendspokenEnglish.Likenedtoafour-year-oldchild,hecanal

A.YB.NC.NG

3.

"WhatGianniAgnelliofFiatwastoItaly"referredinthepassageimplies______.

A.Mr.Tata'suncleisimportanttoIndia

B.TataAirlinesisimportanttoIndia

C.Mr.Tata'suncleisdispensabletoIndia

D.TataAirlinesisdispensabletoIndia

4.

Wecantellwhethersomeonesuffersfromdepressionornotby______.

5.

Womenduringreproductivelifeshould______.

6.Whatarepeopleadvisedtodoafterajobloss?

A.Arguewiththeemployeraboutthereasonforthelayoff.

B.Remaineven-temperedandavoidradicalbehaviors.

C.Makeafaircommentontheirjobperformance.

D.Sendthecompanye-mailstoaskforcompensation.

7.

Whatwastheconsequenceofanover-relianceoncreditratings?

A.IncreasingtripleAcompanies.

B.Decliningtrustworthinessonratingagencies.

C.Deficiencyincreditjudgments.

D.Collapseoffinancialinstitutions.

8.

Thelibrary'sowncardcatalogisonlyoneofthemanyformstowhich___________areavailable.

9.

Theprobablesafelevelforconstantexposuretoelectromagneticradiationis1milligaussbothforadultsandchildren.

A.YB.NC.NG

10.

Facebook'sideatosocialmarketinghasproblemsbothintheoryandinpractice.

A.YB.NC.NG

11.

AtypeofNorthAmericancrowcan______mostofthepineseedsitburiedeventheyareindeepsnow.

A.eatupB.retrieveC.crackD.lose

12.

Withtheforestscutdown,soilcaneasilyloseitsfertilitywhentheessentialnutrientsare______.

13.

Comparingtheresultsofhouseholdsurveys,wecanconcludethatpeoplewithdifferentlevelsofincomehavedifferent___________.

14.StudentsinHarvardareencouragedtousebulbsof18wattsapiece.

15.

Riversarenourishedbydirectprecipitation,whichusuallycontributesextremelysmalltothewatersurface.

A.YB.NC.NG

16.

WhatthescientistslearnedatRangeCreekhasbeguntohelpthemuncoveroneofthegreatestmysteriesof______.

17.

Ifmothlarvaearedeadforfivedays,scrubjayswillnottouchupontheminanycase.

A.YB.NC.NG

18.ThesurveysofERShelplow-incomehouseholdsdevelopeconomizingpractices.

19.

Sensitiveteethmayindicateaseriousproblemthatmayneedpromptcarebyadentist.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

Inorderto______,Californiaalsohascreatedaspecialidentitytheftregistry.

A.helpthosevictims

B.makethingsright

C.makeupfortheirmistakes

D.preventamistakenarrest

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(24)

A.SheisdesigninganotherWebsite.

B.Shecouldn'tdoBBS.

C.Shehasnotime.

D.Shehasn'tdoneanywebsitedesignbefore.

22.聽力原文：W:Wereallymustgotothenewmovieintown.

M:Let'seatfirst.

Q:Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?

(19)

A.Eatbeforeseeingthemovie.

B.Seethemovieimmediately.

C.Getthefirsttheaterseat.

D.Stayintownforawhile.

23.(22)

A.Gooutfordinner.

B.Watchthedocumentarywiththeman.

C.Godancing.

D.Watchagameshow.

24.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：W:Excuseme,Sir.I'vebeenwaitingherefornearly20minutesjusttopaymytelephonebill.

M:I'msorryaboutthat.Butthecomputerisdown,andeverybodyhashadtowaitthisafternoon.

Q:What'sthewomancomplainingabout?

(12)

A.Thelongwait.

B.Themistakesinhertelephonebill.

C.Thebroken-downcomputer.

D.Thebadtelephoneservice.

25.

【B8】

26.聽力原文：ThereisastrangeareaintheAtlanticOceancalledtheBermudaTriangle.PeoplehavebeenfascinatedbytheBermudaTriangleforyears,becauseofthemysteriousdisappearanceofmanyshipsandplanesinthearea.Thereishardlyanyagreementaboutthecauseofthesedisappearance,infact,itisdifficulttofindanyagreementabouttheboundariesofthearea.Whereasmostpeoplearguethatthetriangle'snorthernmostpointisBermuda,itswesternmostpointisFlorida,anditseasternpointisthecoastofAfrica,afewresearcherspreferthenorthernpointtobeintheBostonarea.

(30)

A.SomethingintheBermudaTriangleisstrange.

B.WheretheBermudaTriangleis.

C.Onverylittleaboutthis.

D.Shipswerenotlost.

27.

【B7】

28.聽力原文：M:Theprogramdirectorsaidthatwe'dhavetopostponetheoutinguntilSaturdaybecauseofinclementweather.

W:It'sashamebecauseallthefoodhasalreadybeenorderedandwillprobablyspoil.

Q:Whywastheoutingpostponed?

(17)

A.Thefoodspoiled.

B.Thegroupwasshameful.

C.Theweatherwasbad.

D.Theprogramdirectorwantedtohaveitonanotherday.

29.

【B3】

30.(29)

A.Acontrolledstudy.

B.Atrialstudy.

C.Anobservationalstudy.

D.Asuccessfulstudy.

31.(31)

A.Theicewascutandhandledwiththehelpofsomespecialtools.

B.Theicewastakenfromtheflowingriverwithhooksandcarriedbysledstoicehouses.

C.Theicewascarriedonthefrozensurfaceofthepondorriver.

D.Theicewassawedintoevenblocksbyworkers.

32.(21)

A.Enthusiastic.B.Doubtful.C.Peaceful.D.Cautious.

33.聽力原文：WilliamShakespearewaschristenedinthemarkettownofStratfordonAvon,Warwickshire,onApril26,1564.Traditionally,hisactualbirthdaywasthreedaysearlier,onSt.George'sday,thesamedayashisdeathfifty-twoyearslater.Hisfather,John,wasarespectedmiddle-classtrader;andhismother,MaryArden,camefromafamilyoflocallandowners.ItseemsprobablethatyoungWilliamreceivedafaireducation(forhisday)atthelocalGrammarSchool.Attheageofeighteenhemarriedagirleightyearsolderthanhimself,AnneHathaway,whogavehimachildthefollowingyearandtwinsin1585.Littleelseisknownofhisearlylife,andsowecannottellwhatmadehimdecidetoleaveStratfordin1586forLondon,wherehestayeduntil1611.InLondon,hemustsoonhaveattractedattention,becauseby1592hewasapopularenoughwriterandactortobelaughedatbyanolderdramatistasanuneducatedJack-of-all-trades.Hewasmentionedasbeingamongtheprincipalactorsofthecityasearlyas1598,andwefindthatin1599hewasamemberofthecompanyrunningtheGlobeTheater,withone-tenthinterestintheprofits--showingabusinesssenserarelyseeninhisfellowwriters.Hispopularityisindicatedbythefactthatnotonlywerehisownplayspublishedunderhisname,whichwasarareprocedureinhisday,butalsoplaysbyothersaretobefoundattributedtohim,asiftoindicatethathisnamealonewouldpromiseagoodsale.

(33)

A.OnApril26,1611.

B.OnApril23,1611.

C.OnApril26,1616.

D.OnApril23,1616.

34.

【B5】

35.聽力原文：M:Doyoureallyhavetogodowntotherivertowashyourclothes?

W:Yes,butallthingsconsidered,lifeinthecountryisstillalotlesscomplicatedthanlifeinthecity.

Q:Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutlifeinthecountry?

(19)

A.It'sdull.

B.It'ssimple.

C.It'stiring.

D.It'scomplicated.

36.聽力原文：Yourprofessorhasaskedmetotalktoyoutodayaboutthetopicthatshouldbeofrealconcerntocivilengineers:theerosionoftheUSbeaches.Letmestartwithsomestatistics.Didyouknowthat90%ofthecoastinthiscountryiseroding,ontheGulfofMexicoforinstance,erosionaverages4to5feetperyear?Overthepast20years,therehasbeenanincreaseinbuildingalongthecoast,eventhoughgeologistsandenvironmentalistshavebeenwarningcommunitiesaboutproblemslikeerosion.Someway,communitieshavetriedtoprotecttheirbuildingsandroadsandtobuildseawalls.

However,geologistshavefoundthatsuchstabilizingstructuresactuallyspeedupthedestructionofthebeaches.Thesebeacheswithseawalls,calledstabilizedbeaches,aremuchnarrowerthanbeacheswithoutthem.Youmaywonderhowseawallsspeedupbeachloss.Theexplanationissimple.Iftheflowofthebeachesisgentle,thewaterenergyislessenedasitwashesupalongtheshore.Itisreducedevenmorethatreturnstotheseasoitdoesn'tcarrybackmuchsand.Ontheotherhand,whenthewaterhitsthenearlyverticalfaceoftheseawall,itgoesstraightbacktotheseawiththefullforceofitsenergyanditcarriesbackagreatdealofsand.Becauseoftherealriskoflosingbeaches,manygeologistssupportabanonalltypesofstabilizingconstructiononshorelines.

(30)

A.Toprotectbeachfrontproperty.

B.Toreducethetrafficonbeachroads.

C.Toprovideprivacyforhomeowners.

D.Todefinepropertylimits.

37.(25)

A.Hedoesn'tlikeit.

B.Hedoesn'tknowhowtoplaybridge.

C.Hehastostudyhard.

D.Hewouldliketobethedummy.

38.

【B6】

39.【B8】

40.

【B9】

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Scientiststhinkthatbytheyear2000,_______.

A.peoplewillgenerallyimprovetheirhearing

B.peoplewillhaveworsehearing

C.peoplewillwearcontactlensesandhearingaidsaswell

D.peoplewearinghearingaidswilloutnumberthosewearingcontactlenses

42.

WhatkindofrelationshipisreflectedbetweenMr.Dantasandgovernmentinthepassage?

A.Hisinfluenceongovernmentmayreducehisnotorietyandcrime.

B.Inbusinessprivatization,heparticipatedwithdemandingexpertise.

C.HenevermeetsthePresidenthimself.

D.Peopleknowinghimdeemthathewassheerevil.

43.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Foraboutthreecenturieswehavebeendoingscience,tryingscienceout,usingsciencefortheconstructionofwhatwecallmoderncivilization.Everydispensableitemofcontemporarytechnology,fromcanallockstodialtelophonestopenicillin,waspiecedtogetherfromtheanalysisofdataprovidedbyoneoranotherseriesofscientificexperiments.Threehundredyearsseemsalongtimefortestinganewapproachtohumaninter-living,longenoughtosetbackforcriticalappraisalofthescientificmethod,maybeevenlongenoughtovoteonwhethertogoonwithitornot.Thereisanargument.

Voiceshavebeenraisedinprotestsincethebeginning,risinginpitchandviolenceinthenineteenthcenturyduringtheearlystagesoftheindustrialrevolution,summoningurgentcrowdsintothestreetsontheissueofnuclearenergy."Giveithack,"saysomeofthevoices,"Itdoesn'treallywork,we'vetrieditanditdoesn'twork.Gobackthreehundredyearsandstartagainonsomethingelselesschancyfortheraceofman."

Theprinciplediscoveriesinthiscentury,takingallinall,aretheglimpsesofthedepthofourignoranceofnature.Thingsthatusedtoseemclearandrational,andmattersofabsolutecertainty—Newtonianmechanics,forexample—haveslippedthroughourfingers;andweareleftwithanewsetofgiganticpuzzles,cosmicuncertainties,andambiguities.Someofthelawsofphysicsareamendedeveryfewyears;somearecanceledoutright;someundergorevisedversionsoflegislativeintentasiftheywereactsofCongress.

JustthirtyyearsagowecallitabiologicalrevolutionwhenthefantasticgeometryoftheDNAmoleculewasexposedtopublicviewandthelinearlanguageofgeneticswasdecoded.Forawhile,thingsseamedsimpleandclear:thecellwasaneatlittlemachine,amechanicaldevicereadyfortakingtopiecesandreassembling,likeatinywatch.Butjustinthelastfewyearsithasbecomealmostunbelievablycomplex,filledwithstrangepartswhosefunctionsarebeyondtoday'simagining.

Itisnotjustthatthereismoretodo,thereiseverythingtodo.Whatliesahead,orwhatcanlieaheadiftheeffortsinbasicresearcharecontinued,ismuchmorethantheconquestofhumandiseaseortheimprovementofagriculturaltechnologyorthecultivationofnutrientsinthesea.Aswelearnmoreaboutfundamentalprocessesoflivingthingsingeneralwewilllearnmoreaboutourselves.

WhatCANNOTbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Scientificexperimentsinthepastthreehundredyearshaveproducedmanyvaluableitems.

B.Forthreehundredyearstherehavebeenpeopleholdingahostileattitudetowardscience.

C.Moderncivilizationdependsonsciencesomansupportsscientificprogressunanimously.

D.Somepeoplethinkthreehundredyearsisnotlongenoughtosetbackforcriticalappraisalofscientificmethod.

44.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexplainswhy"thesecondofthesewasthemoreseriousimpediment"(Underlined)?

A.Chemicalknowledgewaslimitedtoasmallnumberofpeople.

B.Thesymboliclanguageusedwasveryimprecise.

C.Veryfewnewdiscoveriesweremadebyalchemists.

D.Therecordsofthechemicalprocesseswerenotbasedinexperiments.

45.

Themajorityofexpertsbelievetheuseofcriticalthinkingis______.

A.relatedtoitsvalue

B.consistentwithsocialmores

C.connectedwiththeuser'scharacter

D.separatefromethics

46.Onethingthetourbooksdon'ttellyouaboutLondonisthat2,000ofitsresidentsarefoxes.Asnativeastheroyalfamily,theyfledthecityaboutcenturiesagoafterdevelopersandpollutionmovedin.Butnowthattheenvironmentiscleaner,thefoxeshavecomehome,oneofthemanywildanimalsthathavemovedintourbanareasaroundtheworld.

"Thenumberandvarietyofwildanimalsinurbanareasisincreasing,"saysGomerJones,presidentoftheNationalInstituteforUrbanWildlife,inColumbia,Maryland.AsurveyofthewildlifeinNewYork'sCentralParklastyeartalliedthespeciesofmammals,includingmuskrats,shrewsandflyingsquirrels.Asimilarsurveyconductedinthe1890scountedonlyfivespecies.Oneofthecountry'slargestpopulationsofraccoons(浣熊)nowlivesinWashingtonD.C.,andmoose(駝鹿)areregularlyseenwanderingintoMainetowns.Peregrinefalcons(游隼)divefromthewindowledgesofbuildingsinthelargestU.S.citiestopreyonpigeons.

Severalchangeshavebroughtwildanimalstothecities.Foremostisthatairandwaterqualityinmanycitieshasimprovedasaresultofthe1970s'pollution-controlefforts.Meanwhile,ruralareashavebeenbuiltup,leavingmanyanimalsontheedgesofsuburbia.Inaddition,conservationistshavecreatedurbanwildliferefuges.

TheGreaterLondonCouncillastyearspent$750,000tobuylandandbuild10permanentwildliferefugesinthecity.Over1,000volunteershavedonatedmoneyandclearedrubblefromderelictlots.Asaresult,pheasantsnowstrutintheEastEndandbadgersscuttleacrosslawnsnearthecenteroftown.AcolonyofrarehousemartinsnestsonawindowledgebesideHarrods,andoneeveninglastyearafoxwasseenonWestminsterBridgelookingupatBigBen.

Forperegrinefalcons,citiesareactuallysaferthanruralcliffdwellings.By1970thebirdswereextincteastoftheMississippibecausetheDDThadmadetheireggstoothinmsupportlife.Thatyear,ornithologistTomCadeofCornellUniversitybeganrisingthebirdsforreleaseincities,forcitiesaffordedabundantfoodandcontainednoneoftheperegrine'snaturalpredators.

"Beforetheywereexterminated,somemigratedtocitiesontheirownbecausetheyhadrunoutofcliffspace,"Cadesays."Toperegrines,buildingsarejustlikecliffs."Hehasreleasedabout30birdssince1975inNewYork,Baltimore,PhiladelphiaandNorfolk,andofthe20pairsnowlivingintheEast,halfareurbanites."Afewoftheyoungoneshavegottenintotroublebyfallingdownchimneysandcrashingintowindow-glass,butoveralltheiradjustmenthasbeensuccessful."

Thefirstparagraphsuggeststhat______.

A.environmentiscrucialforwildlife

B.tourbooksarenotalwaysareliablesourceofinformation

C.Londonisacityoffox

D.foxesarehighlyadaptabletoenvironment

47.

Whichofthefollowingisnotthereasonforthegrowthofspecialization?

A.Accumulationofscientificknowledge.

B.Easyhandlingofinformation.

C.Convenienceforfutureresearch.

D.Thedevelopmentofcommunication.

48.Mostgrowingplantscontainmuchmorewaterthanallothermaterialscombined.C.R.Darneshassuggestedthatitisaspropertotermtheplantawaterstructureastocallahousecomposedmainlyofbricksabrickbuilding.Certainitisthatallessentialprocessesofplantgrowthanddevelopmentoccurinwater.Themineralelementsfromthesoilthatareusablebytheplantmustbedissolvedinthesoilsolutionbeforetheycanbetakenintotheroot.Theyarecarriedtoallpartsofthegrowingplantandarebuiltintoessentialplantmaterialswhileinadissolvedstate.'Thecarbondioxidefromtheairmayentertheleafasagasbutisdissolvedinwaterintheleafbeforeitiscombinedwithapartofthewatertoform.simplesugars—thebasematerialfromwhichtheplantbodyismainlybuilt.Activelygrowingplantpartsaregenerally75to90percentwater.Structuralpartsofplants,suchaswoodystemsnolongeractivelygrowing,mayhavemuchlesswaterthangrowingtissues.

Theactualamountofwaterintheplantatanyonetime,however,isonlyaverysmallpartofwhatpassesthroughitduringitsdevelopment.Theprocessesofphotosynthesis,bywhichcarbondioxideandwaterarecombined—inthepresenceofchlorophyll(葉綠素)andwithenergyderivedfromlighttoform.sugars,requirethatcarbondioxidefromtheairentertheplant.Thisoccursmainlyintheleaves.Theleafsurfaceisnotsolidbutcontainsgreatnumbersofminute(細小的)openings,throughwhichthecarbondioxideenters.Thesamestructurethatpermitstheonegastoentertheleaf,however,permitsanothergas—watervaportobelostfromit.Sincecarbondioxideispresentintheaironlyintracequantities(3to4partsin10,000partsofair)andwatervaporisnearsaturationintheairspaceswithintheleaf(at80F,saturatedairwouldcontainabout186partsofwatervaporin10,000partsofair),thetotalamountofwatervaporlostismanytimesthecarbondioxideintake.Actually,becauseofwindandotherfactors,thelossofwaterinproportiontocarbondioxideintakemaybeevengreaterthantherelativeconcentrationsofthetwogases.Also,notallofthecarbondioxidethatenterstheleafissynthesizedintocarbohydrates(碳水化合物).

Agrowingplantneedswaterforallofthefollowingexcept______.

A.formingsimplesugars

B.keepingwoodystems

C.keepinggreen

D.producingcarbondioxide

49.

Whydidn'tthestateandlocalairpollutionlawsachievetheendofreducingpollution?

A.Industriestendtodisregardthelawsbecausetheydon'twanttospendextramoneyontheprocessingofindustrialwastes.

B.Althoughmeasuresaretakentosendindustrialpollutantshigheruptheatmosphere,theamountofindustrialpollutantsremainsthesame.

C.Thesmokestacksbuilttoreleasepollutantsarenottallenough.

D.Onlyasmallnumberofindustriesareequippedtoliveuptothenewstandardsoftheairpollutionlaws.

50.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutpsychologicalfatigue?

A.Psychologicalfatiguehappenstothoseinvolvedinwar.

B.Restistheonlysolutionforpsychologicalfatigue.

C.Physicallyhealthypeopledonotsufferfrompsychologicalfatigue.

D.Physicallaborcangetsomepeopleoutofpsychologicalfatigue.

51.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Letussupposethatyouareinthepositionofaparent.Wouldyouallowyourchildrentoreadanybooktheywantedtowithoutfirstcheckingitscontents?Wouldyoutakeyourchildrentoseeanyfilmwithoutfirstfindingoutwhetheritissuitableforthem?Ifyouranswertothesequestionsis"yes",thenyouareeitherextremelypermissive.Ifyouransweris"no",thenyouamexercisingyourrightasaparenttoprotectyourchildrenfromwhatyouconsidertobeundesirableinfluences.Inotherwords,byactingasacensoryourself,youareadmittingthatthereisastrongcaseforcensorship.

Now,ofcourse,youwillsaythatitisonethingtoexercisecensorshipwherechildrenareconcernedandquiteanothertodothesameforadults.Childrenneedprotectionanditistheparents'responsibilitytoprovideit.Butwhataboutadults?Aren'ttheyoldenoughtodecidewhatisgoodforthem?Theansweristhatmanyadultsare,butdon'tmakethemistakeofthinkingthatalladultsarelikeyou.Censorshipisforthegoodofsocietyasawhole.Likethelaw,censorshipcontributestothecommongood.

Somepeoplethinkthatitisdisgracefulthatacensorshouldinterferewithworksofart.Whoisthisperson,theysay,tobanthisgreatbookorcutthatgreatfilm?Noonecansethimselfupasasuperiorbeing.Butwemustremembertwothings.Firstly,wheregenuineworksofartareconcerned,moderncensorsareextremelyliberalintheirviews—oftenfarmoreliberalthanalargesectionofthepublic.Artisticmeritissomethingwhichcensorsclearlyrecognize.Andsecondly,wemustbearinmindthatthegreatproportionofbooks,playsandfilmswhichcomebeforethecensorareveryfarfrombeing"worksofart".

Whendiscussingcensorship,therefore,weshouldnotconfineourattentiontogreatmasterpieces,butshouldconsiderthevastnumbersofpublicationsandfilmswhichmakeupthebulkoftheentertainmentindustry.Whencensorshiplawsarerelaxed,immoralpeoplearegivenalicensetoproducevirtuallyanythinginthenameof"art".Thereisanincreasingtendencytoequateartisticwith"pornographic".Thevastmarketforpornographywouldrapidlybeexploited.Oneofthegreatthingsthatcensorshipdoesistopreventcertainpeoplefrommakingfatprofitsbycorruptingthemindsofothers.Toargueinfavorofabsolutefreedomistoargueinfavorofanarchy.

Societywouldreallybethepoorerifitdepriveditselfofthewisecounselandtherestraininginfluencewhichacensorprovides.

Permissiveparentswould______.

A.lettheirchildrenreadanybookstheyliketo

B.notlettheirchildrenseeanyfilmstheyliketo

C.notlettheirchildrenreadanybookswithoutfirstcheckingtheircontents

D.lettheirchildrenseethefilmswiththeirfirstchecking

52.

Torefutetheideathatwearingauniform.canavoidenvy,theauthorarguesthatitwouldhinderpeoplef