馬克思主義基本原理教學大綱重點難點(Marxdoctrine,basic

principles,teachingsyllabus,keypoints,difficulties)

BasicPrincipleofMarxism

TheMarxdoctrineisascienceabouttheliberationofthe

proletariatandmankind

Teachingaimsandrequirements:

Throughthestudyofthischapter,weshouldmakestudents

masterwhatMarxdoctrineis,andunderstandthehistorical

inevitabilityofMarxdoctrine,

GrasptheessentialfeaturesofMarxdoctrineandrealizethe

importanceandnecessityofstudyingMarxdoctrine.

Akey：

1.WhatisMarxdoctrine?

2,thesocialandhistoricalconditionsandtheoreticalsources

ofMarxdoctrine

3,theessentialcharacteristicsofMarxdoctrine

Difficulty:thebasicfeaturesofMarxdoctrine

Thinkingquestion:

1,whatisMarxdoctrine?

2,howtounderstandthehistoricalinevitabilityofthe

emergenceofMarxdoctrine?

3,howtounderstandthebasicfeaturesofMarxdoctrine?

4,whyshouldwestudyMarxdoctrine?HowtolearnMarx

doctrine?

Bibliography:

1,Marx,Engels:ManifestooftheCommunistParty

2,Engels:"speechatthetombofMarx”.

3,Lenin:Carle,Marx,Friedrich,Engels,thethreesourcesand

threecomponentsofMarxdoctrine.

Chapter1,thematerialityoftheworldanditsdevelopmentlaw

Teachingaimsandrequirements:

Throughthisstudy,studentsarerequiredtograspthebasic

principlesofMarx,materialismanddialectics,focusingon

understandingtheworld

Thebasicviewoftheunityofqualityandpractice,andgrasp

thebasiclawsandfundamentalmethodsofmaterialist

dialectics,layingatheoreticalfoundationforthe

establishmentofascientificworldoutlook.

Akey：

1,thematerialviewandconsciousnessviewofMarxdoctrine.

2,theprincipleofworldmaterialunityanditssignificance

3,thematerialityofhumansociety

4,respecttheobjectivelawandgivefullplaytothe

subjectiveinitiative

5,thepointofviewandthepointofviewofdevelopment

6,therelationofcontradiction,identityandstruggle,

universalityandparticularity

7,theprincipleofdialecticalnegativeview

Difficultpoint:

1,philosophy,materialconceptandthematerialunityofthe

world.

2,thematerialityofhumansociety.

3,therelationbetweenuniversalityandparticularityof

contradiction.

4,dialecticalnegativeview

Thinkingquestion:

1,abriefdescriptionofLenin，smaterialdefinitionandits

significance.

2,howtounderstandtheessenceofconsciousness?

3,howtounderstandthematerialityofhumansociety?

4,trytoexplaintheprincipleofunityofmatterandits

significance.

5,discusstheprincipleofrespectingobjectivelawandgiving

fullplaytosubjectiveinitiative.

6,brieflydescribethepointofviewanddevelopmentof

communicationanditssignificance

7,thedialecticalrelationprincipleandsignificanceof

contradiction,identityandstruggleshouldbeconsideredin

connectionwithreality.

8,trytoexplainthedialecticalrelationshipbetween

universalityandparticularity,theprincipleandits

significance.

9,brieflydescribethedialecticalrelationshipbetween

quantitativechangeandqualitativechange.

10,trytoexplaintheprincipleofdialecticalnegativeview

anditssignificance.

Bibliography:

1,Marx:"ontheoutlineofFeuerbachtheory",''economicand

PhilosophicalManuscriptsof1844

2,Engels:"Ludwig?FeuerbachandGermanclassical

philosophy,z/finally"antiDulintheory”(excerpt),

,'Dialecticsofnature”(excerpt)

3,Lenin:''materialismandempiricalcriticism7,(excerpt),

“talkaboutdialecticsissues.”

4,MaoZedong:thetheoryofcontradictionandthetheoryof

practice

5,DengXiaoping:，zemancipatingthemind,seekingtruthfrom

factsandunitingtolookforward.//

Thesecondchapteristounderstandtheworldandtransformthe

world

Teachingaimsandrequirements:

TostudyandmasterthebasicviewpointsofMarx'sepistemology,

tounderstandthenatureofknowledgeanditsdevelopmentlaw,

andtoclarifythetasksofthetruthistoupholdthetruth,

correctthefallacy,andimprovetheabilitytounderstandthe

worldandtransformtheworld.

Akey：

1,thescientificconceptofpracticeanditsdecisiverolein

cognition.

2,thedialecticalrelationshipbetweenperceptualknowledge

andrationalknowledge

3,theobjectivity,absolutenessandrelativityoftruth.

Difficultpoint:

1,theabsolutenessandrelativityoftruth

2,thestandardproblemofvalueandvalueevaluation.

Thinkingquestion:

1,thebasicdifferencesbetweendialecticalmaterialism

epistemologyandmetaphysicalmaterialistepistemologyare

brieflyexpounded.

2,abriefdescriptionofthedialecticalrelationshipbetween

practiceandcognition.

3,itbrieflyexpoundsthedialecticalrelationbetween

perceptualknowledgeandrationalknowledgeandits

significance.

4,howtounderstandtheobjectivityoftruth?

5,trytoexplainthedialecticalrelationofabsolutenessand

relativityoftruthanditsrealisticmeaning.

6,whyispracticethesolecriterionfortestingtruth?

Bibliography:

1,Marx:ontheoutlineofFeuerbach,Marx,Engelsanthology,

volumefirst,people'spublishinghouse,1995edition.

2:MaoZedong:wheredopeoplecomefromandwheredotheycome

from?MaoZedongcollection,eighthvolume,people*s

publishinghouse,1999edition.

3,MaoZedong:thetheoryofpractice,MaoZedongcollected

works,volumefirst,people'spublishinghouse,1991edition.

4,DengXiaoping:，zemancipatingthemind,seekingtruthfrom

facts,unitingtolookforwardand“holdhighthebannerof

MaoZedongthought”,

Adheretotheprincipleofseekingtruthfromfacts.

Thethirdchapter,humansocietyanditsdevelopmentlaw

Teachingaimsandrequirements:

Throughtheteachingofhistoricalmaterialism,requires

studentstounderstandandgraspthedialecticalrelationship

betweensocialexistenceandsocialconsciousness,graspthe

objectivelawofthehumansocialdevelopmentandthe

fundamentaldrivingforceandthemassesofthepeopleisa

basicviewofthecreatorsofhistory,helpingstudentsto

understandthelawofdevelopmentofhumansocietyandthe

inevitabletrendtoestablishthescientificoutlookand

historicaloutlook.

Akey：

1,thedialecticalrelationbetweensocialexistenceandsocial

consciousnessandtheprincipleofrelativeindependenceof

socialconsciousness.

2,thedialecticalrelationprinciplebetweenproductivityand

production,economicbaseandsuperstructure

3,themassesarethecreatorsofhistory.

Difficultpoint:

1,howtounderstandthebasicsocialcontradictionsisthe

drivingforceofsocialdevelopment.

2,themassesarethecreatorsofhistoryandtheroleof

individualsinhistory

Thinkingquestion:

1,thedialecticalrelationbetweensocialexistenceandsocial

consciousness.

2,trytoexplaintherelativeindependenceofsocial

consciousnessanditssignificance.

3,howtounderstandthesocialfunctionofscienceand

technology?

4,howtounderstandthedialecticalrelationandsignificance

ofproductivityandproductionrelations,economicbaseand

superstructure?

5,whydopeoplesaythatthemassesarethecreatorsofhistory?

Bibliography:

1,Marx:PhilosophicalManuscriptsof1844(excerpt),selected

worksofMarxandEngels.Volumefirst,people'spublishing

house,1995edition.

2,Marx:ontheoutlineofFeuerbach,Marx,Engelsanthology,

volumefirst,people5spublishinghouse,1995edition.

3,Engels:"Ludwig?FeuerbachandGermanclassical

philosophy,finally"antiDulintheory”(excerpt),

''Dialecticsofnature”(excerpt)

4:MaoZedong:wheredopeoplecomefromandwheredotheycome

from?MaoZedongcollection,eighthvolume,people,s

publishinghouse,1999edition.

5,MaoZedong:thetheoryofpractice,MaoZedongcollected

works,volumefirst,people'spublishinghouse,1991edition.

6,DengXiaoping:emancipatingthemind,seekingtruthfrom

facts,unitingtolookforward/zand“DengXiaopingselected

works“secondvolumes.

Thefourthchapteristheformationandessenceofcapitalism

Teachingaimsandrequirements:

TolearnandmasterMarxtorevealthedevelopmentlawofhuman

society,understandthehistoricalinevitabilityofcapitalist

modeofproduction,tograsptheessenceofcapitalist

productionmode,theessenceofacorrectunderstandingofthe

capitalistpoliticalsystemandideology.

Akey：

1,theprimitiveaccumulationofcapitalanditsfunctionin

theformationofcapitalistmodeofproduction

2,theessentialcharacteristicsofcapitalisteconomicsystem

3,howtolookattheroleofcapital,knowledgeandtechnology

inmodernproduction?

4,thebasiccontradictionofcapitalismanditsformsof

expressionandeconomiccrisis

5,thecharacteristicsandessenceofcapitalistpolitical

systemandideology

Difficultpoint:

1,howtodeepentheunderstandingofthetheoryoflaborvalue

atthisstageandscientificallyunderstandtheroleofcapital,

information,knowledgeandtechnologyinsocialproductionand

valuecreation.

2,howtounderstandthehistoricalfunctionandessenceof

capitalistpoliticalsystemandideology

Teachingtime:6hours

Thinkingquestion:

1,brieflydescribetheessenceofcapitalaccumulationandthe

waytorealizeit.

2,howtounderstandtheroleofcapital,information,

knowledgeandtechnologyinsocialproductionandvalue

creation?

3,trytoexplaintheessentialcharacteristicsofcapitalist

economicsystem.

4,trytoexplainhowsurplusvalueisproduced

5,howtoevaluatecapitalistdemocracy?

6,howtoevaluatethenatureandhistoricalfunctionof

bourgeoisideology?

Readingliterature:

1,Marx:"DasKapital"firstvolumes,ChapterI"commodity”,

second-sevenchapters;"MarxandEngelscompleteworks”

forty-fourthvolumes,people5spublishinghouse,200Ledition.

2,Marx:"DasKapital“secondvolumes,thefirstchapter

“Circulation“ofmoneycapital,thefourthchapter“thethree

formula"cycle,theninthchapter"totalturnover"prepaid

capital,thetwentiethchapter“simplereproduction","Marx

Engelscollection''forty-fifthvolumes,people,spress2003

edition.

3,Marx:"capital"thirdvolumes,thefirstthreechapters,the

ninthchapter“theformationofaverageprofitmargins";"Marx

andEngelscompleteworks"forty-sixthvolume,people's

PublishingHouse2003edition.

4,Engels:AntiDulintheory,thirdsetsofsocialism,selected

worksofMarxandEngels.Volumethird,people'spublishing

house,1995edition.

5,Engels:family,privateownershipandtheoriginofthestate

(nine),selectedworksofMarxandEngels.Volumefourth,

people'spublishinghouse,1995edition.

Thefifthchapteristhehistoricalprocessofcapitalist

development

Teachingaimsandrequirements:

Thedevelopmenttrendoflearningandmasteringofmonopoly

capitalismfromfreecompetitiontomonopolycapitalismandthe

developmentprocess;theessenceofscientificunderstanding

ofstatemonopolycapitalismandeconomicglobalization,the

characteristicsofthecorrectunderstandingofthenewchanges

ofcontemporarymeaningandessenceofcapital;

Deeplyunderstandthehistoricalinevitabilitythatcapitalism

willinevitablyreplacesocialism,andfirmlybelievethat

capitalismwillinevitablyperishandsocialismmustwin.

Akey：

1,themeaningofmonopoly,monopolycompetitionandfree

competitionsimilaritiesanddifferences

2,theessenceandfunctionofstatemonopolycapitalism

3,themanifestationsandconsequencesofeconomic

globalization

4,newchangesandessenceofContemporaryCapitalism

5,thehistoricalinevitabilityofcapitalismasasubstitute

forsocialism

Difficultpoint:

1,whymonopolycannoteliminatecompetition?

2,theformationofstatemonopolycapitalism,themeansand

essenceofregulationandcontrol

3,howtocorrectlyandcomprehensivelydoubleroleofeconomic

globalization?

4,thehistoricalinevitabilityofcapitalismasasubstitute

forsocialism

Teachingtime:4hours

Thinkingquestion:

1.Howdoesmonopolycomeabout?Whydoesmonopolynoteliminate

competition?

2,whatisthedifferencebetweenmonopolycompetitionandfree

competition?

3,whatistheessenceofstatemonopolycapitalism?Whydoes

thestatemonopolycapitalismembodyapartialchangein

capitalistrelationsofproduction?

4,brieflydescribethemanifestationsandconsequencesof

economicglobalization.

5,whatarethemanifestationsofthenewchangesin

contemporarycapitalism?Howtounderstanditscause?

6,howtounderstandthehistoricalstatusofcapitalism?How

tounderstandthehistoricalinevitabilityofcapitalismasa

substituteforsocialism?

Readingliterature:

1,Lenin:''imperialismisthehigheststageofcapitalism.z/

selectedworksofLenin,volumesecond,people'spublishing

house,1995edition.

2,Lenin:nationalandrevolution,Chapter3,third,fourth,

4,fifth,selectedworksofLenin,volumethird,people,s

publishinghouse,1995edition.

3,MarxandEngels:ManifestooftheCommunistParty(1),

selectedworksofMarxandEngels.Volumefirst,people,s

publishinghouse,1995edition

4,HuJintaospeechattheprovincialandministeriallevel

leadingcadrestoimprovetheabilitytobuildasocialist

harmonioussocietyseminar,people;sdaily,June27,2005.

5,Marx,“DasKapital"firstvolumes,thetwenty-fourthchapter

“theoriginalaccumulation","MarxandEngelscompleteworks”

forty-fourthvolumes,people,sPublishingHouse200Ledition.

Thesixthchapterisaboutsocialistsocietyandits

development

Teachingaimsandrequirements:

Learningandunderstandingofthetheoryofsocialismfrom

fantasytoscience,fromtheorytopractice,graspthebasic

characteristicofsocialism;thearduousandlong-term

constructionofnationalsocialculturerelativelybackward

economyandculture;furtherstrengthenthesocialistbelief.

Akey：

1,thedevelopmentofsocialismfromemptinesstoscience,from

theorytopractice.

2,thebackwardnessandtheprotractednatureofsocialist

constructionincountrieswithrelativelybackwardeconomic

andculturalbackgrounds.

3,howtounderstandtheupheavalinEasternEuropeandthe

disintegrationoftheSovietUnion?.

Difficultpoint:

1,thedevelopmentofsocialismfromemptinesstoscience,from

theorytopractice.

Thegreatcontributionandhistoricalexperienceofthe

socialistsystemin2andtwentiethCentury

3,thebackwardnessandtheprotractednatureofsocialist

constructionincountrieswithrelativelybackwardeconomic

andculturalbackgrounds

4,thediversityofsocialistdevelopment

5,weshoulddeepenourunderstandingofthebasic

characteristicsofsocialisminpractice

Classarrangement:3hours

Thinkingquestion:

1,howtounderstandthehistoricalinevitabilityofthe

socialistrevolution,firstofall,incountrieswith

relativelybackwardeconomicandculturalconditions?

2,howtounderstandtheeconomicandculturalbackwardnessof

thecountry,thearduousandlong-termconstructionof

socialism?

3,willthedrasticchangesinEasternEuropeandthe

disintegrationoftheSovietUnionmeanthatsocialismisa

failureandhasnofuture?Why?

Reference：

1,the"CommunistManifesto","anthology"firstvolumesofMarx

andengels.People'spublishinghouse,1995edition.

2,theprincipleof"communism","anthology"firstvolumesof

Marxandengels.People'spublishinghouse,1995edition.

3,“critiqueoftheGothaProgram","anthology"thirdvolumes

ofMarxandengels.People'spublishinghouse,1995edition.

4,“theFrenchCivilWar","anthology"thirdvolumesofMarx

andengels.People'spublishinghouse,1995edition.

5,''socialismfromutopiantoscientificdevelopment”,

“anthology“thirdvolumesofMarxandengels.People,s

publishinghouse,1995edition.

6,thethreesourcesandthreecomponentsofMarx'sdoctrine,

Leninanthology,volumesecond,people'spublishinghouse,

1995edition.

7,“ongraintax","selectedworksofLenin"fourthvolume,

people,spublishinghouse,1995edition.

8,“ontenrelations","MaoZedongcollectedworks”,seventh

volumes,people'spublishinghouse,1999edition.

9,“onthecorrecthandlingofcontradictionsamongthepeople”,

seventhvolume,people'spublishinghouse,1999edition.

10,buildingsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics,Deng

Xiaopingselectedworks,thirdvolume,people,spublishing

house,1993edition.

11,“onThreeRepresentatives”,centraldocumentpublishing

house,2001edition.

12,HuJintao:speechattheseminaronimprovingtheability

tobuildasocialistharmonioussocietybyleadingcadresat

theprovincialandministeriallevel,

People,sdaily,June27,2005.

Theseventhchapter,communismisthemostnoblesocialideal

ofmankind

Teachingaimsandrequirements:

TolearnandmasterMarxandEngelsfuturesocialscientific

standpointandmethodology;graspthemainpointsofMarxand

Engelsaboutthebasiccharacteristicsofcommunism;aprofound

understandingofthehistoricalinevitabilityandlong-term

implementationoftheCommunistsociety;andestablishthefirm

loftyidealofcommunism,toactivelyparticipateinthe

constructionofsocialismwithChinacharacteristics.

Akey：

1,themeaningandbasiccharacteristicsofCommunistsociety

2,Marx'sclassicalwritersforeseethescientificpositionand

methodofthefuturesoci