高考英語語法知識清單+強化訓練講義動詞時態語態(將來時+被動語態)（解析版）講義目錄考點清單九、一般將來時五種表達方法考點清單十、一般將來進行時典型用法考點清單十一、將來完成時兩種典型用法考點清單十二、被動語態兩種典型用法考點清單十三、主動形式表示被動意義五種典型用法分層訓練（一）高考真題分層訓練（二）模擬試題分層訓練（三）單句改錯分層訓練（四）句式升級（書面表達）分層訓練（五）語篇運用（外刊原創）分層訓練（六）好題快遞（最新模擬）考點清單九、一般將來時五種表達方法要點精講1：will/shalldo表示將要發生的動作或存在的狀態，是最常見的一般將來時表達形式。注意willdo還可以表示不以人的意志為轉移的自然規律；表示臨時性決定或打算，還可以用于“祈使句+and+陳述句”中。例1：Ishallbefreethisafternoon.例2：Mysisterwillbe18nextyear.例3：—Georgephonedwhileyouwereout.—Ok.Iwillphonehimback.例4：Workhardandyouwillsucceed.【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內單詞的正確形式。1.—Dr.Jacksonisnotinhisofficeatthemoment.—Allright.I__________(call)himlater.2.SearchthewebsiteoftheFireDepartmentinyourcity,andyou___________(learn)alotaboutfirefighting3.Asyougothroughthisbook,you________(find)thateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarIIhadadifferentexperience.4.(2016江蘇)Moreefforts,asreported,___________(make)intheyearsaheadtoacceleratethesupply-sidestructuralreform.【答案與解析】1.willcall。這里willdo表示臨時性決定或打算。故答案是willcall。2.willlearn。這是于“祈使句+and+陳述句”，陳述部分要求用willdo形式。故答案是willlearn。3.willfind。這是“主將從現”，主句應用一般將來時。故答案是heyearsahead表示“未來幾年”，暗示用將來時；同時又是被三一。故答案是willbemade。要點精講2：begoingtodo也是一般將來時表達方式，表示推測時強調說話有充分依據，尤指天氣變化。例1：Areyougoingtoplaybasketballafterclass?例2：Lookatthoseblackclouds.Itisgoingtorain.【即時訓練】單句改錯。5.Takeanumbrellawithyou.Lookattheblackcloud,itistorain.【答案與解析】5.to前加going。根據“Lookattheblackloud,”可知，根據某種跡象表明要發生的事情，用一般將來時begoingtodo的結構。故答案是to前加going。要點精講3：“beaboutto+動詞原形”表示打算或據安排即將發生的動作。它不與表示時間的副詞或其他時間狀語連用。例：TheEnglisheveningisabouttostart.要點精講4：“beto+動詞原形”表示約定的、計劃中的或按職責、義務要求要發生的動作，這種動作通常是人的意志所能控制的，或用于征求意見。例1：Thereistobeaslideshowthisafternoon.例2：Youaretohandinyourpapersby10o'clock.要點精講5：現在進行時表將來，這一結構常用于表示位置轉移的動詞，如come,go,leave,start,move,arrive等。例1：IamleavingforTibetonSunday.例2：Whenareyougoingbacktoyourfactory?考點清單十、一般將來進行時典型用法要點精講：將來進行時表示將來某一時間正在進行的動作，常用的時間狀語有bythistimetomorrow等等。例1：Bythistimetomorrow,Iwillbelyingonthebeach.例2：Don'tphonemebetween8:00and10:00.Wewillbehavingclassesthen.【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內單詞的正確形式。6.Janecan’tattendthemeetingat3o’clockthisafternoonbecauseshe_________(teach)aclassatthattime.7.You'dbetternotphonethemanagerbetween7and8tomorrowevening;he________(have)animportantmeetingthen.【答案與解析】6.willbeteaching。將來進行時表示將來某一時間正在進行的動作，at3o’clockthisafternoon是關鍵。故答案是willbeteaching。7.willbehaving。根據between7and8tomorrowevening可知，此處是指未來具體時刻正在發生的事情，故用將來進行時，答案是willbehaving。考點清單十一、將來完成時兩種典型用法要點精講1：一般將來完成時（willhavedone）表示將來某一時間或動作發生之前已經完成的動作，通常與before或by,bytheendof,bythetime…等結構連用。例1：Bytheendofthismonth,wewillhavestudied10units.例2：Whentheymoveherenextmonth,wewillhavelivedinthecityfor5years.【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內單詞的正確形式。8.Onthenextbirthday,Ann_____________(marry)fortwentyyears.9.---IhearthatJasonisplanningtobuyacar.---Iknow.Bynextmonth,he__________(save)enoughforausedone.【答案與解析】8.willhavebeenmarried。Onthenextbirthday暗示用將來時，結合語境“到明年生日，安妮將已經結婚20年”，bemarried表示“已婚”狀態。故答案是willhavebeenmarried。9.willhavesaved。Bynextmonth是關鍵，表示將來某一時間或動作發生之前已經完成的動作。故答案是willhavesaved。要點精講2：過去將來完成時（wouldhavedone）表示將來某一時間之前已經完成的動作，多與賓語從句和虛擬語氣連用。例1：IthoughtSophiawouldhavetoldyousomething.例2：Ifwehadfoundhimearlierwewouldhavesavedhislife.【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內單詞的正確形式。10.(2019江蘇)Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwe_____________(have)agoodtimetogether.11.Withoutthedoctor'stimelyoperation,thelittlegirl____________(lose)herlife.12.We_____________(put)John’snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.【答案與解析】10.wouldhavehad。or引導含蓄條件句，句意為：真可惜！你錯過了游覽觀光，否則的話我們會有一段美好時光的。表示與過去事實相反，應用wouldhavedone。故答案是wouldhavehad。11.wouldhavelost。Withoutthedoctor'stimelyoperation是含蓄條件句，后面表示與過去事實相反，應用wouldhavedone。故答案是wouldhavelost。12.wouldhaveput。結合句意“要不是約翰昨天受傷我原本要把他放進比賽名單。”，前半句表示與過去事實相反，故用wouldhavedone。故答案是wouldhaveput。考點清單十二、被動語態兩種典型用法要點精講1：“be+及物動詞的過去分詞”是被動語態最基本形式，動詞時態的變化主要從be動詞的變化來體現。被動語態的行為發出者常由介詞by引導，應特別注意這一顯性標志，有時by短語可以省略。被動語態還可以用于“情態動詞+be+過去分詞”結構。例1：Hasthedoctorbeensentfor?例2：Apolicemanisknownbytheclotheshewears.

例3：Goodcaremustbetakenofthebabiesparticularlywhiletheyareill.【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內單詞的正確形式。13.(2017全國Ⅰ)Whenfatandsalt_____________(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.14.(2016北京)Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheirefforts_____________(reward)withsuccessintheend.15.Badcustomsandlawsoughtto____________(abandon),sincetheyareinappropriateforthedevelopmentofthesociety.16.Largequantitiesofinformation,aswellastimelyhelp_____________(offer)tousoverthepast2years.【答案與解析】13.areremoved。結合主句這里表示客觀事實故用一般現在時；結合語境應用被動語態。故答案是areremoved。14.willberewarded。結合語境應用被動語態，同時又是將來行為。故答案是willberewarded。15.beabandoned。分析句子可知，oughttodo為固定搭配，意為“應該做某事”，to后跟動詞原形。且abandon與主語Badcustomsandlaws之間是動賓關系，應使用被動語態beabandoned。故答案是beabandoned。16.havebeenoffered。根據后文“overthepast2years”可知用現在完成時，主語與謂語動詞構成被動關系，用現在完成時的被動語態；aswellas連接并列主語，謂語動詞應根據其前面部分主語的人稱和數來確定，主語“Largequantitiesof+不可數名詞”是復數意義，助動詞用have。故答案是havebeenoffered。要點精講2：被動語態還可用“get+過去分詞”結構，這種結構多用在口語中，強調動作的結果。例1：Theboygothurtwhenhewasridingtoschool.例2：AsIpassedby,myskirtgotcaughtonanail.

【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內單詞的正確形式。17.Mum,IwaswonderingifyoucouldlendmeafewdollarsuntilIget___________(pay)onFriday.

18.Sarah,hurryup.I’mafraidyouwouldn’thavetimeto

get

____________(change)beforetheparty.【答案與解析】17.paid。“get+過去分詞”結構屬于被動語態，這里getpaid表示“被支付工資”。故答案是paid。18.changed。“get

changed”是換衣服的意思，“changed”是過去分詞構成被動語態，就像“get

dressed”(穿衣服)和“beseated”(就座)一樣。故答案是changed。考點清單十三、主動形式表示被動意義五種典型用法要點精講1：“系動詞+表語”結構中系動詞主動形式表示被動意義。這些系動詞分三類：①感官類系動詞：look,seem,appear,feel,sound,taste,smell②變化類系動詞：become,turn,come,go,fall,get③保持證明類系動詞：stay,keep,be,remain,prove,turnout例1：Goodmedicinetastesbittertothemouth.例2：Hisdreamofbeingadancerhascometrue.例3：Whathesaidprovedtobecorrectintheend.【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內單詞的正確形式。19.Theflowers_________(smell)sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.20.Thewater__________(feel)coolwhenIjumpedintothepoolformorningexercise.21.Withmanytroubleproblems,suchasunemploymentandcrime____________(remain)tobesolved,themayorseemstobeataloss.【答案與解析】19.smelling。_________(smell)sweetinthebotanicgarden作定語；同時smellingsweet是系表結構，主動表被動，作定語應用現在分詞形式。故答案是smelling。20.felt。feltcool是系表結構，主動表被動；結合語境應用一般過去時。故答案是felt。21.remaining。前半句含有withsbdoing結構，remain是不及物動詞，無被動。故答案是remaining。要點精講2：write,read,sell,wear,wash,open,shut等用作不及物動詞且表示主語的某種屬性，多用于“動詞+副詞”結構，常用主動形式表被動意義。例1：Mypenwritessmoothly.例2：Theplayreadsmoreeasilythanacts.

【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內單詞的正確形式。22.---Whydidyoumakethekiteofclothinsteadofpaper?---Becausepaper________(tear)easily.23.---Whatdoyouthinkofmycomposition?---It__________(read)wellexceptforafewspellingmistakes.24.---WhatdoyouthinkofmynewT-shirt?---Iamsureit__________(wear)verywellandkeepsitsshape.【答案與解析】22.tears。write,read,sell,wear,wash,open,shut等用于“動詞+副詞”結構，常用主動形式表被動意義。故答案是tears。23.reads。write,read,sell,wear,wash,open,shut等用于“動詞+副詞”結構，常用主動形式表被動意義。故答案是reads。24.wears。write,read,sell,wear,wash,open,shut等用于“動詞+副詞”結構，常用主動形式表被動意義。故答案是wears。要點精講3：某些不及物動詞(短語)，本身表被動含義，所以它們常用主動形式。如happen,occur,exist，comeout出版,comeintobeing產生,comeabout發生,breakout爆發,belongto屬于,datefrom=datebackto追溯到,arisefrom由……引起,runout用光等。例1：Whendidtheaccidentoccur?例2：Thebooklyingonthetopoftheshelfbelongstome.例3：Thisyear'seventwilltakeplaceonJune19th,aweekearlierthanusual.【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內單詞的正確形式。25.ThisproverbisbasedonanoldEnglishlaw____________(date)backtothe17thcentury.26.ProfessorWilliamskeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuture___________(belong)tothewell-educated.27.Thenumberofroadaccidentsandthedeaths____________(arise)fromthoseaccidentshasincreasedoverthepastyear.28.Nowit__________(occur)tohimthathisfarmhadmuchpotentialandthatthedeathofthecowwasabitofluck.【答案與解析】25.dating。____________(date)backtothe17thcentury作定語；datebackto短語不能用于被動語態；作定語只能用現在分詞形式。故答案是dating。26.belongs。belongto表示“屬于”，不能用于被動語態。故答案是belongs。27.arising。____________(arise)fromthoseaccidents作定語；arisefrom表示“由……引起”，無被動，作定語只能用現在分詞形式。故答案是arising。28.occurred。Itoccurredtosbthat…是固定句型，occur表示“發生”，不能用于被動語態。故答案是occurred。要點精講4：measure,weigh表示“測量起來，稱重起來”，后接短語主動表被動；beworthdoing,want/need/requiredoing中動名詞主動表被動；betoblame表示“該受到責備”也是主動表被動。例1：Thisnoveliswellworthreading.例2：Thepondmeasuresabout2metresacross.例3：Theclassroombadlyrequirescleaning.例4：Which

driver

was

to

blame

for

the

accident?

【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內單詞的正確形式。29.Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsintheareaneed___________(repair). 30.Mr.Greenstoodupindefenceofthe16-year-oldboy,sayingthathewasnottheone__________(blame).31.Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourand___________(weigh)lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.【答案與解析】29.repairing/toberepaired。repairing/toberepaired。want/need/requiredoing=tobedone需要做某事。故答案是repairing/toberepaired。30.toblame。betoblame表示“該受到責備”，不定式主動形式表示被動意義。故答案是toblame。31.weighing。measure,weigh表示“測量起來，稱重起來”，后接短語主動表被動；___________(weigh)lessthan40pounds和undertheageoffour作并列定語。故答案是weighing。要點精講5：在“be+形容詞+不定式短語”結構中，不定式主動形式表被動意義。例1：Thiskindofwaterisn’tfittodrink.例2：Thebabyisnoteasytolookafter.【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內單詞的正確形式。32.Inmanypeople’sopinion,thatcompany,thoughrelativelysmall,ispleasant__________(deal)with.33.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood_________(breathe).34.Tomaskedthecandymakersiftheycouldmakethechocolateeasier__________(break)intosmallpieces.【答案與解析】32.todeal。不定式用于be+adj+todo構成的反射不定式，不定式主動形式表示被動意義。故答案是todeal。33.tobreathe。不定式用于be+adj+todo構成的反射不定式，不定式主動形式表示被動意義。故答案是tobreathe。34.tobreak。本句是形容詞短語作賓語補足語，暗含be+adj+todo構成的反射不定式，不定式主動形式表被動意義。故答案是tobreak。分層訓練（一）高考真題【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內單詞的正確形式。1.(2022新高考I)Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP______________(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity…2.(2022浙江1月)Travellingtoconferences,lectures,workshops,andthelikefrequentlybyplane57(view)asimportantforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.3.(2021全國甲)TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.It______________(build)originallytoprotectthecityintheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored.4.(2020全國I)“Thisreallyexcitesscientists,”CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,“becauseit__________(mean)wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon______________(construct).”5.(2020天津)Thenumberofmedicalschoolsreached18intheearly1990sand______________(remain)aroundthatlevelsince.6.(2020全國III)Theartistwassurehewould______________(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.7.(2020北京)Single-useplasticbagsareusedatmostafewtimesbeforethey___________(throw)away.8.(2019江蘇)Theyaretryingtomakesurethat5Gterminalswill___________(install)by2022fortheBeijingWinterOlympics.9.(2019天津)Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized,otherwisethey____________(accomplish)thetaskinhalfthetime.10.(2020浙江)And,asmorechildrenwereborn,morefood______________(need).【答案與解析】1.isdesigned。考查時態語態和主謂一致。句意：GPNP旨在體現“保護自然生態系統的真實性和完整性，保護生物多樣性，保護生態緩沖區…”的指導原則。設空處在句中作謂語，和句子的主語TheGPNP之間為被動關系；敘述客觀事實，應用一般現在時。故設空處應為一般現在時的被動語態，主語單數，謂語單數形式。故填isdesigned。2.isviewed/hasbeenviewed。考查被動語態。句意：對科學家而言，旅行去參加會議、講座、工作室之類的地方來相聚并交流信息這件事被視為是重要的。描述人們普遍認知的事情用一般現在時，此處也可以表示強調人們從過去到現在的認知，動名詞作主語與主謂之間存在被動關系，故填isviewed/hasbeenviewed。3.wasbuilt。考查被動語態。根據時間狀語intheTangdynasty判斷應用一般過去時，同時又是被動含義。故填wasbuilt。4.means;isconstructed。考查被動語態。第一空表示現在情況，故用一般現在時；第二空明顯是被動語態。故填means;isconstructed。5.hasremained。考查動詞時態語態。remain是不及物動詞，不能用于被動語態；thenumberof…短語作主語，謂語用單數；since暗示用現在完成時。故填hasremained。6.bechosen。考查動詞時態語態。結合語境應用被動語態。故填bechosen。7.arethrown。考查動詞時態語態。結合語境應用被動語態。同時狀語從句應用一般現在時代替將來時。故填arethrown。8.havebeeninstalled。考查動詞時態語態。by2022暗示用完成時，語境暗示應用被動語態。故填havebeeninstalled。9.wouldhaveaccomplished。考查動詞時態語態。Otherwise表示“否則，要不的話”，后面應用虛擬語氣，表示與過去事實相反，故應用wouldhavedone。故填wouldhaveaccomplished。10.wasneeded。考查動詞時態語態。結合語境應用被動語態，語境暗示用被動語態。故填wasneeded。分層訓練（二）模擬訓練【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內單詞的正確形式。11.Don'tcallmeatninetomorrowbecauseI______________(study)atthelibrarythen.12.Therearemanydictionarieshere,butwhichone_____________(belong)toyou?13.Theteachersaid,“Jerry,Ihopeyou______________(be)morecarefulnexttime.”14.MytrainarrivesinShanghaiat10thismorning.TheplaneIwouldliketotakefromthere______________(leave)bythen.15.Breakfast______________(serve)between7:00and8:00tomorrowmorning,we'dbettergetupearly.16.Yourpassport______________(return)toyouwhenyoucheckoutofyourhotel.17.Researchfindingshaveshownthatabout20percentofpeoplecan_____________(classify)as“nightowls.”18.Iwassenttothevillagelastmonthtoseehowthedevelopmentplan____________(carry)outinthefollowingtwoyears.19.—DidyouinviteSarahtoyourbirthdayparty?—Sorry,Iforget.I_____________(call)hernow.20.Don'tworry.Thehardworkthatyoudonow______________(repay)laterinlife.【答案】11.willbestudying12.belongs13.willbe14.willhaveleft15.willbeserved16.willbereturned17.beclassified18.wouldbecarried19.willcall20.willberepaid分層訓練（三）單句改錯【即時訓練】下列各句均有一處錯誤，請指出并糾正。21.IwouldcomesoonerbutIdidn’tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.22.Thereissomuchnoiseupstairs—apartyisheldbysomeyoungpeople.23.Morethan$10millionhadspentcarryingouttheprojectbytheendoflastyear.24.TheymadeuptheirmindthattheywillbuyanewhouseonceLarrychangedjobs.25.AspecialcommitteeofscientistswillestablishedtostudyAI'seffectsoneconomyintheyearsahead.26.HadIknownaboutthatusefulcomputerprogram,Iwillhavesavedahugeamountoftimeandenergy.27.Theoldcouplehavemarriedformoreman40yearsandneveroncehavetheyquarreledwitheachother.28.Acommunicativesatelliteweighsasmuchas3.5tonswassentupintospacelastweek.29.Shakespeare’splayHamlethasmadeintoatleasttendifferentfilmsoverthepastyears.30.Thenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseasewillbereducedgreatlyifpeoplepersuadedtoeatmorefruitandvegetables.【答案】21.would后加have22.is后加being23.had后加been24.will改為would25.will后加be26.will改為would27.have后加been28.weighs改為weighing29.has后加been30.persuaded前加are分層訓練（四）句式升級31.(2022全國乙)很容易看出，選擇聽英語歌曲和看英語電影的學生比例是65%和50%。___________________________________________________________________________________________32.(2022全國乙)因為他們缺乏自律，特忙更容易對網上聊天和電腦游戲上癮。___________________________________________________________________________________________33.(2022全國甲)參與的人越多，海洋環境就越好。___________________________________________________________________________________________34.(2022全國甲)2009年聯合國把6月8日正式命名為“世界海洋日”，設立的目的是提高保護海洋的意識，這在全球生態系統中起重要作用。___________________________________________________________________________________________35.(2021全國乙)首先，我們在家最好遵循學校時間表，這肯定會促進我們學習效率。___________________________________________________________________________________________36.(2021全國乙)我很榮幸在此演講。我將談的是如何成為智慧的網上學習者。___________________________________________________________________________________________37.(2021全國乙)我完全相信借助于這些技巧我們就會成為智慧的網上學習者。___________________________________________________________________________________________38.(2021全國甲)如果可能的話，你盡快回復我。我會考慮您的建議。___________________________________________________________________________________________39.(2021新高考I)我希望你們《青年》這份報紙更加深受我們學生歡迎。___________________________________________________________________________________________40.(2020全國I)當我學習上遇到問題時，父親會耐心傾聽我，鼓勵我去勇敢克服困難。___________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】31.ItcaneasilybeseenthatthepercentageofstudentswhochooselisteningtoEnglishsongsandwatchingEnglishmoviesisrespectively65%and50%.32.Becauseoftheirlackofself-discipline,they’remoreeasilyaddictedtochattingonlineorplayinggames.33.Themorepeopleareinvolved,thebettertheoceanenvironmentis.34.June8thwasofficiallynamedbytheUNin2009asWorldOceansDay.Itwassetuptoraiseawarenessofprotectingtheoceans,whichplayacrucialpartinglobalecosystem.35.Firstofall,we'dbetterobeyourschooltimetableathome,whichwillsurelycontributetoourlearningproductivity.36.Itismyhonortodeliveraspeechhere!TodayI'mgoingtotalkabouthowtobeasmartonlinelearner.37.Iamfullyconvincedthatusingthetipsabovewewillbecomesmartonlinelearners.38.Ifpossible,youcanreplytomeassoonaspossible.Iwilltakeyouradviceintoconsideration.39.IhopethatyournewspaperYouthwillbecomeevenmorepopularamongusstudents.40.WhenIcomeacrosstheproblemsoflearninginmystudy,myfatherwilllistentomepatientlyandencouragemetoovercomethedifficultiesbravely.分層訓練（五）語篇運用（外刊原創）熱點話題：嚴重干旱影響歐洲多國民生體裁：說明文/europe/20220818/3bd2deebaf674521aee1007755001d95/c.htmlWithalongdroughtthissummer,theiconicDutchfloodcontrolproject,41(consist)ofamajordamandacauseway,haskeptitsfloodgates42(close)topreventfreshwaterfromflowingintotheseaandhelpLakeIJsselmaintainitswaterlevel.Forhundredsofyears,floodinghasalwaysbeenaproblemfortheDutchpeople,43havebuiltinfrastructures(基礎設施)includingdamsanddykes44(protect)some55percentflood-proneareasinthecountry.Thissummer,theNetherlandshasonceagainencountered45extremedrought,withthewaterlevelofinlandriversandlakesdecliningtohistoricallows(最低點).Agriculture,shippingandnatureare46(particular)affected.Atthesametime,similar47(scene)ofdroughtandwaterscarcity(水荒)haveoccurredinsomeotherEuropeancountries.InSlovenia,water-savingmeasures48(take)sinceearlyJuly,includingrestrictionsonbeachshowers,lawnwatering,carwashes,swimmingpoolfillingandprivateyardwashing.InBelgium,18citiesinthesouthernFrench-speakingWalloniaregionhavealsoadoptedwaterrestrictions,with49fivecitiescloselymonitoringthesituation.InSpain,somesupermarketshavestartedrationing(定量分配)icecubes,andseveralsupermarketchainshavelimitedcustomers50twobagsoficeperperson.ClimateexpertspointoutthatclimatechangeisbehindthecurrentextremedroughtinEurope.41.consisting42.closed43.who44.toprotect45.an46.particularly47.scenes48.havebeentaken49.another50.to【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，介紹長期干旱已經嚴重影響歐洲各國民生。41.consisting。本題考查非謂語動詞的用法。Consistof…表示“由……組成”，不能用于被動語態，只能用現在分詞形式作定語。故填consisting。42.closed。本題考查非謂語動詞的用法。Keep…closed是過去分詞短語作賓語補足語，表示二者之間被動關系。故填closed。43.who。本題考查定語從句的用法。結合語境應用關系代詞who引導定語從句，并充當其主語，指人。故填who。44.toprotect。本題考查非謂語動詞的用法。結合語境應用動詞不定式短語作目的狀語。故填toprotect。45.an。本題考查冠詞的用法。anextremedrought表示“一次嚴重干旱”。故填an。46.particularly。本題考查副詞的用法。修飾動詞應用副詞。故填particularly。47.scenes。本題考查名詞的用法。結合語境這樣的場面不止一次，謂語動詞haveoccurred暗示用復數形式。故填scenes。48.havebeentaken。本題考查動詞時態的用法。sinceearlyJuly短語應與現在完成時連用，同時又是被動含義。故填havebeentaken。49.another。本題考查不定代詞的用法。Another常用在復數名詞前，表示“另外幾個……”。故填another。50.to。本題考查介詞的用法。Limit…to…是固定搭配，表示“把……限制在……范圍內”。故填to。分層訓練（六）好題快遞第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節,滿分50分)第一節(共16小題;每小題2.5分,滿分40分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。A【2022屆湖南師范大學附屬中學高考適應性考試英語試卷】What’sOnInHongKongWhetherit’smusic,art,stage,screen,restaurantandbardeals,orthegreatoutdoors---there’salwayssomethinginterestinggoingoninHongKong.*TimYip:

Blue—Art,CostumesandMemory*WhatAwell-knownvisualartist,costumedesigner,andartdirectorforstageandfilm(particularlyonhisworkforCrouchingTiger,HiddenDragon,forwhichhewonanOscar),TimYiphas

been

aproudpromoterofeasternaestheticism(唯美主義)for30

years.Forhisfirstlarge-scalepersonalexhibitioninHongKong.Yipexploresthenatureofhumanimaginationandthedepthsofthesubconsciousmind.Where

HKDIGallery,HongKongDesignInstituteWhen

UntilMarch31,2022*Alice’sAdventureatStarlightGarden*WhatIntroducedlastyear,thisexhibitionbecameahugehit,withmorethan6,000photosandvideospostedonline

everyday.Createdby27multimediadigitalartistsfromKorea,the

exhibitionfeaturesa30-footrabbitholeforvisitorsto

explorethefantasyworldmadefamousinthe

bookAlice’sAdventuresinWonderland.Where

NewTownPlaza,18ShaTinCentreStreet,ShaTinWhen

UntilJanuary13,2022*TravelinOurMinds*WhatThis

exhibition

of

sculpture

aimsto

present

ideasoftheatricality,thefantastical,travelandexchange,withstatuesthattake

the

formsofhumansandanimals.MadebyartistEthanMurrow,theseobjectsareinspiredbypuppetry(木偶),music,trade,navigationandbeyond,withintertwiningeffectsofmateriality,soundandimagination.Where

Duddell’s,Level3,ShanghaiTangMansionWhen

UntilFebruary10,2022*GarthWeiser*WhatSimonLeeGallerypresentsanexhibitionofnewworkbyGarthWeiser,theNewYorkCity-basedartist’sthirdshowwiththegallery.Weiserhasareputationformixingupthelinesbetweenpaintingandsculpture,usingthickcolortocreatepaintingsonwhichheleavesbehindacollectionofuniquelines,curvesandslashes.Where

12PedderStreet,CentralWhen

May15-June2721.Wherecanwefindthefashiondesign?A.InHKDIGallery. B.InDuddell’s.C.In12PedderStreet. D.InNewTownPlaza.22.WhathighlightsAlice’sAdventureatStarlightGarden?A.Creatingmultimediadigital.B.Enjoyingphotosandvideosonline.C.Exploringa30-footrabbithole.D.Discoveringthenatureofhumanimagination.23.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A.Anartshowreview. B.Anexhibitionguide.C.Anannouncement. D.Anofficialreport.【答案】21.A22.C23.B【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了香港四個有趣的藝術展覽。【21題詳解】細節理解題。根據*TimYip:Blue—Art,CostumesandMemory*中的“WhatAwell-knownvisualartist,costumedesigner,andartdirectorforstageandfilm(particularlyonhisworkforCrouchingTiger,HiddenDragon,forwhichhewonanOscar),TimYiphasbeenaproudpromoterofeasternaestheticism(唯美主義)for30years.(葉錦添是一位著名的視覺藝術家、服裝設計師、舞臺和電影藝術總監(尤其是他憑借《臥虎藏龍》獲得奧斯卡獎的作品)，30年來一直是東方唯美主義的驕傲推動者。)”和“WhereHKDIGallery,HongKongDesignInstitute(地點：香港設計學院HKDI畫廊)”可知，葉錦添是一位服裝設計師，所以在他的個人展覽中可以看到時裝設計。故選A。【22題詳解】細節理解題。根據*Alice’sAdventureatStarlightGarden*中的“Createdby27multimediadigitalartistsfromKorea,theexhibitionfeaturesa30-footrabbitholeforvisitorstoexplorethefantasyworldmadefamousinthebookAlice’sAdventuresinWonderland.(該展覽由27名韓國多媒體數碼藝術家創作，在30英尺高的兔子洞中，游客可以探索因《愛麗絲夢游仙境》而聞名的奇幻世界。)”可知，愛麗絲夢游星光花園的亮點是游客可以探索一個30英尺的兔子洞。故選C。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段“Whetherit’smusic,art,stage,screen,restaurantandbardeals,orthegreatoutdoors---there’salwayssomethinginterestinggoingoninHongKong.(無論是音樂、藝術、舞臺、屏幕、餐廳和酒吧交易，還是很棒的戶外活動，香港總是有一些有趣的事情發生。)”及全文可知，文章主要介紹了香港四個有趣的藝術展覽。從而推斷，文章是一篇展覽指南。故選B。B【2022屆湖南省湘潭市高三下學期第三次模擬考試英語試題】Six-year-oldKendallRaeJohnsonhasbeeninlovewithgardeningallherlife.Now,theGeorgianativeisthestate’syoungestcertifiedfarmer.Taughtbyhergrandmother,Kendallstartedherfirstgardenonabackyard,andbyherfourthbirthday,shehadabackyardgardenfilledwithcarrots,tomatoes,onions,cucumbersandstrawberries.Hergreenthumbjustdidn’textendinthewallsofhergarden.Shestartedamonthlygardeningclubwithsubscriptionfoodboxes,tohelpspreadawarenessaboutfarmingamongherpeers.Kendall’sjourneytobecomingacertifiedfarmerdidn’thappenovernight.First,shehadtogetabusinessunitatthestateandfederallevels.ThenshejoinedvariousfarmingorganizationsassociatedwithGeorgia’sDepartmentofAgricultureandGeorgiaFarmBureau.Thismadeherqualifiedtobecertified.Theambitiousgrowerwastoapplyforscholarshipssoshecanpurchaseherownlandandrunthebusiness,whichshecanlegallydonowthatsheiscertified.Shealsohopestoraise$10,000foranoutdooragriculturalsciencelabtobegincomposting.Kendall’smothertoldABCNewsherdaughterwas“theexampleofyoungentrepreneurshipandthefutureofBlackfarmers.”Blackfarmersarefewandfarbetween.AccordingtotheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture,ofthefarmersintheUnitedStates,lessthan2%areblack.However,Blackpeopledohaveastronghistoryinfarming.In1920therewerenearlyamillionblackfarmersintheUnitedStates:therearejust45,000now.ButKendallcanhelpchangethat.KendallregularlyattendsfarmingconferencesandAgriculturesummitsandiscommittedtomakingadifferenceinthefield.Throughoutitall,sheisstillakidandsayshermaingoalistomakenewfriends.Butalongthewayshealsohopestomotivatethosefriendstogrowaninterestinfarming.24.WhatcanwelearnaboutKendall’sgardeningclub?A.Ittookheroveramonthtoprepare. B.Itmadehertheyoungestcertifiedfarmer.C.Itwascreatedasagiftforherfourthbirthday. D.Itisaimedatteachingotherkidsaboutfarming.25.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoconveyinparagraph2?A.Gettingcertifiedasafarmerisnoteasy. B.KendallistheyoungestfarmerintheUSA.C.ThejourneytoKendall’sgardenisdifficult. D.Kendallispopularamongfarmingorganizations.26.WhatenablesKendalltobuylandforherbusiness?A.Askingforscholarships. B.Raisingmoneybydeliveringspeeches.C.Earningmoneythroughhersciencelab. D.Sellingherownproducefromhergarden.27.WhatisKendall’swishaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Toeducatetheblackfarmers. B.Toorganizemorefarmingmeetings.C.Toteachotherkidstoplantvegetables. D.Tomakemorefriendsandinspirethem.【答案】24.D25.A26.A27.D【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了六歲的KendallRaeJohnson熱愛園藝，開辦了一個每月一次的園藝俱樂部，訂閱食物盒，以幫助在她的同齡人中傳播關于農業的意識。介紹了她如何獲得農民資格證的以及黑人農民的歷史。【24題詳解】細節理解題。根據第一段中“Shestartedamonthlygardeningclubwithsu