2019上海長寧區(qū)高三英語二模試卷

（滿分140分）I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.A.Teacherandstudent.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Managerandsecretary.D.CustomerandshopassistantA.Inamuseum.B,Inataxi.C.Onabus.D.Onabridge.A.Getintothecar.B.Carrythebags.C.Hurrytodrivethecar.D.Searchforthebags.A.Readingnewspapers.B.Writinguplocalnews.C.Talkingaboutsports.D.Puttingupadvertisements.A.Shewillhavecoffeeatschool.B.Shewillstayforbreakfast.C.Shelovestograbacoffeeontheway.A.Hepartlyagreeswiththewoman.C.Shelovestograbacoffeeontheway.A.Hepartlyagreeswiththewoman.C.Heconsidersthewomancompetitive.A.Marymustbecaughtinheavytraffic.D.Sheneedstoeatbeforeschool.He,smissedahimportantpoint.D.He*swhollybeenlostinacolorfullife.B.Maryprobablywillnotcome.C.ThewomanwasobviouslynotfondofMary.D.ThewomanforgottotellMarytocome.C.ThewomanwasobviouslynotfondofMary.D.ThewomanforgottotellMarytocome.A.Thetennisgamewon'tlastlong.C.Theycouldsticktotheirplan.A.Thetennisgamewon'tlastlong.C.Theycouldsticktotheirplan.A.Staytilltomorrowevening.C.Gototheairportafterwork.A.Themandoesn'tlikehisnewsuit.C.Thenewsuitdoesn,tfittheman.SectionBB.Weatherforecastsarenotreliable.D.They,dbetterchangetheirmind.B.LeaveforBeijingwithJack.D.Asksomeoneelseforhelp.B.Thenewsuitisareminderfortheman.D.Themanforgetstowearhisnewsuit.Directions:InSectionB,youwillhearseverallongerconversation(s)andshortpassage(s),andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachoftheconversation(s)andthepassage(s).Theconversation(s)andthepassage(s)willbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.EducatorsfromSouthAfrica.第1頁/共10頁

TeenagersfondofcookingStudentseagertomakefriends.PhotographersaroundtheworldA.Brainstormingideasinone'sgroupfirst.B.AvoidingusingcookingoilC.SendingasampledishbeforeMay.D.Creatingone,sowndishA.Toannounceacookcompetition. B.TostartacookfestivaloncampusC.Toadvertisealocalcookcourse. D.ToorganizeacookshowinSouthAfricaQuestions14through17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Guitaristsarevitaltoapopgroup.B.Guitartutorsaren'tdifficulttofind.C.Guitarplayershavemorechancestotravel.D.Beginnersdon'tmakenoisewiththeguitar.A.About60years.B.About500years.C.About1000years.D.About2000years.A.Indiansplayedthelutewithabow.B.C.ThesitartookrootinBritishmusic.D.A.Indiansplayedthelutewithabow.B.C.ThesitartookrootinBritishmusic.D.A.Reasonsforthepopularityoftheguitar.Variouskindsofguitarsintheworld.TheguitaroriginatedinSpain.TheBeatlesreliedalotonthebrass.B.Someinterestingfactsabouttheguitar.Storiesofsomefamousguitarplayers.Questions18through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.A.ItsellsthingsfromancientEgypt.B.ItlookslikeanEgyptiangiant.C.Itbringsafeelofadifferentworld.D.Itoffersawiderangeofcheeses.A.Producedbythedepartmentstoreitself.Suppliedbyanearbysmalltown.Collectedfromtheoutsideofthebuilding.Obtainedfromthenumerouslightbulbs.A.Customersspend￡1.5millionorsoperday.Around30,000customerscomeperday.Thereisabigincreaseincustomersandsales.Customerflowandsalesarequiteunsteady.GrammarandVocabularyDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.ToanysoldierIservedasasecondlieutenant(少尉)inawarthirtyyearsago.Marriedforonlyayearandahalf,Imissedmywifeandbabydaughteralot.IntheyearsbeforecellphonesandWi-Fi,wehadlimitedopportunities(21)(communicate)withlovedones.Onenightwhilesittingbymyself,Iinvestigatedthe“AnySoldier”mailbox,acardboardboxwithlettersandpackagesfromAmericans.Ichoseoneshoebox-sizepackage.InsideIfoundabout20greetingcards(22)children.Atthebottomwasaletterwrittenbytheirteacher第2頁/共10頁(23)(explain)howherkidshadputtheboxtogetherandhowtheysupportedoureffortsinthewar.Trulytouchedatthatmomentbythisgesture,Idecidedtowritealetterofgratitude.Ithankedtheteacherfor(24)herchildrenhaddone—itsimpactonmypatriotism,mymorale,and,(25)(significantly),myupliftedfaith.Forsecurityreasons,Iwasabletosignonlymyname.Around2013,IreceivedaFacebookfriendrequestfromawomanwith(26)Irepliedthat(27)wewerefriends,Icouldnotacceptherrequest.“AreyouSecondLieutenantBartholomew?”IrepliedthatIhadbeenatonetime.“Dearsir,”shewrote.“Wehavenevermet,butthirtyyearsagoIwasasecond-gradeteacherataschoolinOhioandourclassroomsentacarepackage(28)(address)to‘AnyServiceMember.,Thethank-youletteryoucomposedwasframedandit(29)(post)onthewalloftheschoolformorethan20years.IwantedtoagainthankyouforyourservicetoourcountryWeneverspokeagain,butthisgraciousteacherstrengthenedmybeliefindoingwhatmymotheralwaystaughtme:Writethank-younotes一(30)neverknowhowmanypeopleyourkindnesscantouch.Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.accountedB.commonlyC.defined D.determineE.eliminationF.emergencyG.infectiousH.potentialI.previouslyJ.suspectedK.symptomsMeasles(.麻疹)breaksoutintheNorthwestTheU.S.isexperiencingoutbreaksofmeasles,adiseaseithaddeclaredeliminatedyearsago,largelyduetoadropin(接種疫苗｝ratesinsomecommunities.AnoutbreakinWashingtonstatehassickened23peoplethismonth,mostlychildrenunder10.LocalhealthofficialsinClarkCounty,declaredapublic-health31onFriday.Theyalsourgedresidentstotrack32symptomsandcallaheadbeforeheadingtomedicalcenters.Stateofficialsannouncedthe33ofmeaslesfromtheU.S.in2000,thankstoawidespreadvaccinationprogram.Buttravelersenteringthecountrywithmeasles,aswellasdroppingvaccinationratesinsomestatesinrecentyears,hasledtoariseininfection.Lastyear,therewereatotalof17outbreaks,34asthreeormorecaseslinkedtogether,accordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.NewYorkandNewJersey35forroughlyhalfofthe2018cases.TheClarkCountyoutbreakbeganearlylastweekwiththreeconfirmedcasesandhassincegrownto23confirmedandtwomore36.Ofthosecases,20wereunvaccinatedandtheothersarcunconfirmed.Measlesishighly37;thevimsspreadsthroughtheairbycoughingorsneezing,theCDCsays.Early38includeahighfever,cough,runnynoseandred,wateryeyes,第3頁/共10頁followedbytiny,whitespotsinsidethemouthandthered,bumpyrash（疹子）thatpeople39associatewiththeinfection.Childrenyoungerthan5oradultsolderthan20arcmorelikelytosufferfromcomplications,accordingtotheCDC.Inordertopreventthefurtherspreadoftheoutbreak,localhealthofficialsarepostingtimesandplaceswhereresidentsmayhavebeenexposed.Theyarcurgingresidentswhohaven,tbeenvaccinatedto40whethertheyhavebeenexposedandtotakeappropriateaction.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontest.Keepingitinthefamily“Youunderstandgrandmotherwhenshetalkstoyou,don,tyou,darling?”Thegirlnods.Imether,herJapanesemotherandEnglishfatheronaplanetoJapan.Theparentswereeagerto41theirexperienceofbringinguptheirdaughterbilingual使用雙語地）inLondon.Itisn,teasy:ThehusbanddoesnotspeakJapanese,sothechildhearsthelanguageonlyfromhermother,whohascometo42thatthegirlwillreplyinEnglish.Thiscanbepainful.Notsharingyourfirstlanguagewithlovedonesishard.Notpassingitontoyourownchildcanbeespeciallytough.Manyimmigrantparentsfeelasenseof43.Childrenlearnlanguageseasily,butthisdoesn'tmeanthat44exposureisenough.Theymusthearalanguagequiteabittounderstandit-anduseitoftentobeabletospeakitcomfortably.Thisismentalwork,andachildwhodoesn'thaveanintentiontospeakalanguagewilloftenavoidit.Solanguagesoftendiewhenparentsmoveabroad.Inthepast,governmentsdiscouragedimmigrantfamiliesfromkeepingtheirlanguages.Thesedays,officialstendtobe45__;someevenseeavaluableresourceinimmigrants,languageabilities.Yetmanyfactorsensurethatchildrenstilllosetheirparents'languages,orneverlearnthem.Abigoneisinstitutional46.Achild,stimespentwithasecondlanguageistimenotspentontheirfirst.Soteachersoftendiscourageparentsfromspeakingtheirlanguagestotheirchildren.Parentsoften47__obey,worriedabouttheirchildren'seducation.Thisisa（n）48,forchildrenreallycanmastertwolanguagesorevenmore.Researchdoesindeedsuggesttheirvocabularyineachlanguagemaybesomewhatsmallerforawhile,butotherstudieshintatintellectualadvantagesamongbilinguals.Theymaybemoreskillfulatcomplextasks,betteratmaintainingattention.Evenwithoutthosesideeffects,49,abilingualchild'sconnectiontoanothercultureisagoodthinginitself.Howto50?Whenbothparentssharethenativelanguage,thestrategyisoftentospeakthatathome,andthenationallanguageoutside.Butwhentheyhave51languages,perhapsthemostcommonapproachis“oneparent,onelanguage”.FrancoisGrosjean,alanguageexpertfromSwitzerland,52thenecessity.Herecommendsreservingoccasionsonwhichtheonlylanguagethatmaybespokenistheonethat第4頁/共10頁needs53.SabineLittle,alanguageexpertattheUniversityofSheffield,putstheemphasiselsewhere.Makingthenativelanguageyetanothertask54byparentscanleadtorejection,sheargues.Sherecommendslettingthechildformtheirown55connectiontothelanguage,forlanguagesarenotjustanotherthingtobedrilledintoayoungmind,butamatteroftheheart.41.A.concealB.publicizeC.discussD.imagine42.A.acceptB.argueC.decideD.ensure43.A.excitementB.inferiorityC.failureD.injustice44.A.momentaryB.maximumC.repeatedD.continued45.AlessstimulatedB.lesscontrollingC.morerelievedD.morediscouraging46.A.engagementB.featureC.prejudiceD.pressure47.A.cheerfullyB.faithfullyC.immediatelyD.reluctantly48.A.instanceB.shameC.ambitionD.suggestion49.A.thoughB.henceC.besidesD.otherwise50.A.keepitupB.carryitonC.figureitoutD.bringitabout51.A.multipleB.differentC.foreignD.target52.A.removesB.challengesC.emphasizesD.ignores53.A.performedB.imposedC.sharedD.recommended54.A.skillfulB.powerfulC.apparentD.emotionalSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)ThebusscreamedtoastopinNazareth,Israel.FiveAustralianbackpackersboardedandstruckupaconversationwithme.Theyaskedtypicaltravelers'questions—wherewasIgoingandwhywasItravelingalone?Myplanwastotravelwithafriendofafriend,Iexplained,butwhenIcalledherthatmorning,shedidn'tpickupandIhadnootherwaytoreachher.Mystomachwasinknots,butIdecidedtoheadoutanyway,thinkingImightrunintoherifItraveledtoTiberius,wherewehadplannedtogotogether.“Whydon,tyoutravelwithus?”oneofthebackpackersoffered.Theywereexperiencedadventurerswhowouldworkforafewmonths,save,thentravelforaslongastheycould.TheircurrentplanwastoexploretheMiddleEastandEuropeinthreemonthswhileworkinginLondon.Itseemedriskytotravelwithstrangers,butmyinstinctsaidyes.Forthenexttwoweeks,IexploredIsraelwiththebackpackersandlearnedtotrustmyinstinctsinalltypesofnewandinterestingsituations.Whentheyhookaride,1tookthebus,butwhentheywantedtostealintotheKingDavidHotel'sswimmingpool,Iledtheway.TheworldopeneduptomebecauseIchose第5頁/共10頁totravelalone.Ijoinedcompletestrangers,whobecomeclosefriends.Yearslater,onecouplefromthebackpackinggroupevenflewfromSydneytoPhoenixtobeinmywedding.Thetripwassuchaspecialexperiencethatitgavemeconfidenceinallareasofmylife.Sincethen,I,vebackpackedaloneacrossSouthAfrica,sky-divedfrom12,000feetinNewZealandandevenmovedacrosstheU.S.withnojoblinedup.OnmythirddaywanderinginIsraelwithmynewfriends,IbumpedintothewomanIwassupposedtomeet.ThoughIwashappyshewasallright,Iwasgratefullyshehadn,tpickedupthephone.By“Mystomachwasinknots”,(inparagraph1),theauthormostlikelymeansthatshewas.A.sickofridingonabumpybusB.nervousofmeetingstrangersC.upsetaboutthesuddenchangeD.sorryabouttheimpracticalplanWhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebackpackerstheauthormet?A.Courageousbutdisrespectful.B.Joblessandpoorlyeducated.C.Warmheartedandtrustworthy.D.Homelessbutlighthearted.Theauthor,ssixthsensetoldherthat.shewouldgetalongwiththebackpackersitmightcausetroubletohaveaswim.sheoughttostayawayfromthebackpackersitcouldaddexcitementtogetafreerideWhatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?Mostofthebackpackersbecametheauthor,slifelongfriends.Theauthorgatheredthecouragetobeafulltimebackpacktraveler.Thewomanmissedthephonecallwiththepurposeoftravellingalone.Theauthorconsidereditthebestdecisionofherlifetotravelonherown.Alexwantstoknowhowto.avoiduncertaintermsinwritingusetensesproperlyinonesentencesimprovegrammaticalskillsfocusonclearandshortsentencesDianaremindsRajivthathewillbeseverelycriticizedfor.tendingtoholdgenderprejudicebreakingthelawusingMr.MentitlesnotcharacterizingenoughprofessionsnotrunningaprojectrelatedtoeducationWhichofthefollowingquestionsisnotsupposedtobeaskedifyouemailDiana?Isthereagoodmarketfortraditionalpoemsthesedays?第6頁/共10頁Canyoupossiblyevaluatemyrecentlywrittennovelenclosed?C.WherecanIgetsomeinstructivebooksonwritingformyson?D.HowcanIwriteanappropriateacknowledgementformybook?(C)Studiesshowthatolderpeopletendtorememberthepositivethingsinliferatherthanthenegativethings,whileyoungerpeoplerememberthepositiveandnegativeequallywell.Thedominantpsychologicaltheorytoexplainthisisthatolderpeopleareawareoftheirlimitedtimeleft,sotheyprioritizepositiveemotionalexperiences.Butaboutadecadeago,IworkedwithbiologistRobertTriversonhisideathattherewasanevolutionarybasisforolderpeople'sincreasedpositiveoutlook.Ourresearchtookusinthefascinatingdirectionofexploringhowthebodyusesitsenergy.Whenourancestorsneededmoreenergythanusual,perhapswhilebeingchasedbyatiger,theyhadtogetthatenergyfromsomewhereinthebody.Couldtheyborrowitfromthebrain?Thatorganuses20percentofourmemetaboli《新陳代謝)output,whetherwearesolvingmathproblemsorwatchingtelevisionreruns.Duetothisconstantenergyrequirement,borrowingenergyfromthebrainwhenourneedsurpassestheavailablesupplyisnotanoption.Perhapswecouldborrowenergyfromourmuscles.Becauseweusefarmoremuscleenergywhenweareactivethanwhenatrest,inprinciple,wecouldborrowenergywhenwearesitting.Buttheproblemisthatmostoftheenergy-demandingemergenciesofourancestorsrequiredamuscularresponse.Therewasnowaytoborrowenergyfromourmusclesduringanemergencybecauserelaxingwhenatigershowedupwasnotaneffectiveresponse.Thisbringsustoourimmunesystem,which,whenstrong,protectsusfrommanyillnessesanddiseases.Likethebrain,theimmunesystemworksatgreatmetaboliccost,butlargelyintheserviceofkeepingushealthyinthefuture.Wehaveanenormousnumberofimmunecellscoursingthroughourbody,amomentarybreakfromproductionisfine.So,whenourbodyneedsextraenergy,oneoftheplacesitgoesisourimmunefunction.Whenyou,rebeingchasedbyatiger,youdon'tneedtowasteenergymakingimmunecellstofightofftomorrow'scold.Whatyouneedistoshiftallavailableenergyresourcestoyourlegs,withthehopethatyouwilllivetoexperienceanothercoughorsneeze.Asaresult,ourimmunesystemevolvedtoruninmaximumamountswhenwe*rehappy,buttoslowdowndramaticallywhenwe,renot.Withthisbackgroundinmind,Triverssupposedthatolderpeopleevolvedastrategyofturningthisrelationshiponitshead,becomingmorefocusedonthepositivethingsinlifeinanefforttoenhancetheirimmunefunctioning.Thiswashelpedalongbytheirknowingmuchmoreabouttheworldthanyoungeradults,sotheycandealwithsomeoftheunpleasantthingsinlifemoreeasily.AccordingtoRobertTrivers,whenourbodyneedsextraenergy,.muscleswillrespondtoitbyrelaxingalittlebitorganswillspeedupmetabolicprocessestoanswerit第7頁/共10頁immunesystemwilltemporarilyshutdowntofulfillitbrainwillsatisfyitbysharingoptionalmetabolicoutputInparagraph3“thisrelationship”mostprobablyreferstotheonebetween.A.experiencesandrelatedknowledgeB.happinessandC.immunefunctionandhealthD.optimismandWhatcanbeconcludedfromRobertTrivers,study?Youngerpeopleadoptstrategiesofhandlingtensesituationsfromeverydaylife.Ourancestorsevolvedtheirimmunesystemsinfightingagainstfierceanimals.Realizingthattheirdaysarenumbered,olderpeoplepreferbeingpositive.Beingnegativedrainsenergyfromourbody,loweringresistancetodisease.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?Brain,musclesandimmunesystemB.Age,healthandhappinessC.Ancestors,emergencyandevolutionD.Energy,effortandresponseSectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A..However,EVAsdon,tjusthappeninemptyspace.Itstickstoeverything,eventuallycausingjointsandsealstofail.Spacesuitsalsohavetomaintainidealairpressureduringaspacewalk.Unfortunately,mostpeoplehavenoideaaboutspaceexplorationorspacesuits.Withouttheabilitytoworkinspace,weareunabletokeepourspaceprogramsfunctional.ThereareafewthingsthatmustbetakenintoaccounttomakeanEVAbothsafeandeffective.Spacewalk!Mostpeopledon'tknowthattheanniversaryofanimportanteventinspaceexplorationoccurredlastmonth.OnMarch18,1965,spacemanAleksiLeonovbecamethefirsthumantocompleteanExtraVehicularActivity(EVA)orspacewalk.Itmarkedthefirsttimethatahumanwasabletoleaveaspacecraftandoperateintheemptinessofspace.Itisadangerousprocedure,butonethatisvitalforthesuccessofmannedspacemissions.67Inspace,aspacesuitmustprotectpeoplefromextremecoldandheat,provideairtobreathe,andremoveextracarbondioxide.68Toomuchofit,andthespacesuitbecomesfirmanddifficulttomovein.Toolittleofit,andastronautscanbecomedangerouslysickafterreturningtotheirspacecraft.Astronautsnowperformcomplexjobsintheemptinessofspaceinmodernspacesuits.TheyhaveloggedmanyhoursrepairingandupgradingequipmentonsatellitesduringEVAs.OnJuly20th1969,AmericanastronautNeilArmstrongsetfootonthemoonforthefirsttime.Thereisnoatmosphereonthemoon,butthereisgravity-about17percentof第8頁/共10頁Earth,s,whichmeansNeilneededaspecialsuitforwalkingonthemoon'ssurface.Suitsforthemoonareequippedforexploration'bootsfarfromanyvehicles,includingtoughbootsthatcanresistcutsfromtheroughsurfacewhilewalking.Butsharprocksweren,ttheonlydangertoastronauts.Themoonsurfaceiscoveredwithafineandflour-likedustwhichconsistsofsmallparticles（顆粒）leftoverfromthenumerousmeteorite（隕石）strikesonthemoon.70Whenastronautswouldleavethemoon'sgravity,thedustontheirsuitsbeganfloatingallover.Itgotintodelicateequipmentinsidethespacecraftandtheastronaut'seyesandlungs.Asdifferentspaceagenciesplanforreturningpeopletothemoon,newEVAsuitdesignswillhavetotakesomethingelseintoaccount.Keepingastronautssafealsomeanskeepingtheirsuitsclean.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.HoldingParentsResponsible—AnUnfairPunishmentTheriseinteencrimesuggeststhatsomeparentsarefailingattheirparentaltasks.Tocorrecttheproblem,lawmakersinsomestatesrequireparentstoservejailtime.Theyhopethatthispunishmentwillmotivateparentstotaketheirresponsibilitiesseriously.Despitepublicsupportforparentalresponsibilitylaws,manypeoplethinkthatthelawsareunfair.Theysuggestthatparentsshouldnotbepunishedforthecriminalactsoftheirchildren,unlessitcanbeshownthereisarelatedfaultontheparents,part.Forexample,ifyoungteenagersarearrestedfordrinkingalcoholsuppliedbyparents,thenparentsshouldbeheldresponsiblebecausetheyhelpedtheteenagersbreakthelaw.Peoplewhoopposeparentalresponsibilitylawsalsobelievethatpunishingparentsisunlikelytocreateachangeinthekids,behavior.Thesepeoplearguethatparentsmaynotbeatfault.Thechildrenofgoodparentscanfallinwiththewrongkidsandgetintotrouble,theysay.Worseyet,ifmomisinjail,theremaybenooneatalltocont