學業分層測評（八）Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Thechartshowsanup________(趨勢)ofmeatprices.2．Theparents________(記錄)everystepoftheirchild'sdevelopment.3．SofarInternethasbecomethemainchannelthroughwhichthecomputer________(病毒)spread.4．Sometimesan________(附件)withanicenameinyourmailcanbeverydangerous.5．Ifyourcomputershowssuchinformation,itwarnsyouthatyouare________(感染)．6．Theyoungteacherinfectedthewholeclasswithher________(熱情)．7．Patiencecombinedwith________(勤奮)isnecessarytosuccess.8．Soonhewas________(淹沒，消失)upinthenoisycrowd.9．Hehasfinishedthereadingofthebook,buthehasnot________(消化)it.10．Englandis________(接壤)onthenorthbyScotland.【答案】8．swallowedⅡ.閱讀理解(2023·山東省煙臺一中段考)Talkingplantsmightsoundlikecharactersinafairyrecentscientificstudieshaveshownthatplantscommunicatewitheachotherandwithotherlivingthingsinasurprisingnumberofunderstandthem,scientistssay,wejusthavetolearntheirareespeciallyinterestedinwhatplantshavetosay.“Plantsareabletocommunicatewithallsortsoforganisms(有機體)．Theycancommunicatewithgiantbacteria,withotherplantsandwithdothischemically，”saidCahill,anEcologyProfessoroftheUniversityofAlbertainCanada.Plantscientistsarejustbeginningtounderstandthischemical“language”.Cahillsaysstudieshaveshown,forexample,thatplantscanevaluateconditionsintheirimmediateenvironmentandtakeappropriatehaveanability,forexample,tosignalpainordiscomfortcausedbyanythingfromtemperatureextremestoaninsectSchultz,aprofessorofchemicalecologyattheUniversityofMissourisayswhenaplantsensesthatit'sbeingeaten,itcannotwalkawayfromtrouble;onthecontrary,itwillreleaseachemicalvaporthatalertsotherplantsnearby.“Theirlanguageisachemicallanguage,anditinvolveschemicalsthatmovethroughtheair,whichareeasilytobechanged,andmostofallaresmellsthatwearefamiliarwith,”Schultzexplained.“Allplantsrespondedtotheattackbychangingtheirchemistrytodefendthemselves,”Schultzrecalled.“Butwewerequitesurprisedtofindthatnearbyplantsalsochangedtheirchemistrytodefendthemselves,eventhoughtheywerenotpartoftheexperiment.”Studieshavealsoshownthatplantsunderattackreleasepleasantchemicalsattractfriendlyinsectsthatattackthepestseatingtheplant.Intheend,plants'abilitytocommunicatetheirneeds－andourabilitytounderstandthem－couldhelpfarmersreducetheuseofpoisonouschemicals,cutoperatingcostsandlimitdamagetotheenvironment.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇科普文。主要講述了植物的特殊語言及其功能以及這種特殊語言對農業生產可能產生的指導意義。1.Therecentscientificstudieshaveshownthatplantscan__________.A.communicatewithotherlivingthingsinachemicalwayB．hardlyreacttoanysuddenchangeintemperatureC．useaveryspecialchemicallanguagewhichisfamiliartousD．respondtotheattackbygivingoffpoisonouschemicals【解析】事實細節題。根據第二段可知，植物可以通過化學反應來與所有有機體溝通交流。因此答案為A。【答案】A2.Whenbeingeatenbyapest,theplantwill__________.A．walkawayfromtroubleB．changeitschemistrytokilltheinsectC．releaseachemicalvaporto“ask”otherplantsforhelpD．giveoffnicechemicalstoattractfriendlyinsectstoattackthepest【解析】事實細節題。由第三段“whenaplantsensesthatit'sbeingeaten,itcannotwalkawayfromtrouble;onthecontrary,itwillreleaseachemicalvapor”及倒數第二段“Thosechemicalsattractfriendlyinsectsthatattackthepestseatingtheplant.”一句可知，當植物被昆蟲吞食的時候，植物會釋放出一種化學蒸汽來吸引有益的昆蟲襲擊害蟲。故選D。【答案】D3.Theunderlinedword“alerts”mostprobablymeans“______”．A．warns B．protectsC．threatens D．allows【解析】詞義猜測題。根據前后文意可知，植物在遭受攻擊時會釋放一種化學物質，這種物質有兩種功能：警示危險的存在和發出求助信息。由此可知答案為A。【答案】A4．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．CommunicationbetweenPlantsB．AChemical“Language”C．PlantsCanTalkD．HowPlantsProtectThemselves【解析】標題歸納題。短文講述的主題是植物的特殊語言及功能。因此C項概括了文章主題同時又生動風趣，尤其是talk一詞充滿了擬人化的幽默感。故答案為C。【答案】CB【導學號：04940037】(2023·廣東省五校協作體高三第一次聯考)Ifyoutalkaboutadog'slife，gotoBeijingtoseethepampered(過分嬌慣的)clipped，dressedup，washedand,it'stheownerswhogototheobedience(服從)school，andthesepeoplepayalmostathousandUSdollarsamonthtolearnhowtoproperlycarefortheirarehotinBeijing，asymbolofanewmiddle-classfamily.Dogsorpetscantaketheplaceofchildren,evenLu,23-year-olddogowner，certainlythinksherdogmakessomemoreloyal'sspending1,300yuan，that'salmost200USdollarsamonth，sendingherdogtothetrainingaboutit，almosthalfhermonthlysalaryasasecretary.Personally，ifIhaveadog，Iwanttogiveittheverybestofeverything.Otherwise，Iwouldn'thaveadog.Beforewegettoosentimental，though，otherdogsinChinahaveafarmoregrisly(可怕的)fate，manystilldestinedforthedinnertable,dogmeat,apopularappetitesarewasoncefortheeatingisnowforthealoneishometomorethanamillionspendanaverage25dollarsamonthonthearebigWeiwhorunsthisobedienceschoolontheoutskirtsofBeijingsaid，“Ithasbeenopenforalmostthreearemanynowweareopeninganotherbranch.”Astheirownersembraceeverythingwestern，sotooaretheWei'sspecializinginproducinganewbreedofbilingual，dogsunderstandChineseandnowEnglish.“I'mgoingtodoatestnowtoseeiftheyunderstandbothEnglishandChineseeffectively，iftheirChineseisbetterthanmyEnglish,andiftheirEnglishisbetterthanmyChinese.”【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了在北京人們對寵物尤其是狗的喜愛。5．Fromthefirstparagraphwecanknow________inBeijing.A．dogsaretiredofthehotdaysB．whypeoplespendsomuchbuyingadogC．dogsareveryexpensiveD．manynewmiddle-classfamiliesraisedogs【解析】細節理解題。根據文章第一段中的“DogsarehotinBeijing，asymbolofanewmiddle-classfamily”可知，許多新的中產階級家庭養狗，即D項正確。【答案】D6．Itcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraphthat________.A．theauthoralsolovesdogsB．dogscantaketheplaceofchildren，evenhusbandsorwivesC．nodogs，nolifeD．peoplewillliveahappylifewithadog【解析】推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“ifIhaveadog，Iwanttogiveittheverybestofeverything”可推知，作者也喜歡狗，即A項正確。【答案】A7．WhatcanweknowaboutNingWeifromthepassage?A．HeisanEnglishteacherinanobedienceschool.B．Heisabusinessmanwhorunsanobedienceschool.C．Heisadog-keeperwhoislearninghowtoproperlycareforhisdog.D．Heisaresearcherwhoiscrazyforthebilingualpuppies.【解析】細節理解題。根據第四段中的“DogsarebigWeiwhorunsthisobedienceschoolontheoutskirtsofBeijing”可知，他是一位商人并經營一所寵物服從訓練學校，即B項正確。【答案】B8．Fromthepassagewecanconcludethat________.A．therearemanydifferentkindsofdogsfromallovertheworldinBeijingB．manyBeijingerslovedogsbetterthantheirownsonsordaughters，eventheirhusbandsorwivesC．teachingpeoplehowtotreatdogsishotbusinessinBeijingnowD．somuchmoneyhasbeenspentontreatingdogs【解析】推理判斷題。根據第四段的“Dogsarebigbusiness”“Ithasbeen...openinganotherbranch”可推知，教人們如何善待狗在北京是很熱門的生意，即C項正確。【答案】CⅢ.語法填空(2023·山東壽光一中高二4月月考)Iamajuniorinhighisaladyatmyschooljobistohandoutcallslips(借書單)andpreventstudentsfromleavingcampustodayIhadneverseenherotherdaymyfriendsandIwereeatinginthecafeteriaandIsawher(walk)shecame(close)tousIcouldseethatshewaspulledoutatissueandquicklywipedherthoughttomyselfthatthisladyissounder-appreciated(未被賞識的)andneedsrecognizingforallherhardI(write)anotetellingherthatthestudentsappreciatedeverythingshedidandcontributiontoourschoolmadeadifferenceinallofoursignedit“somethankfulstudents”andslippeditintoIrealizedIdidn'tevenknowheraskedallofmyprofessorsbutnooneknewhernameIfinallywenttoasktheladyatstudentservicesa