Lesso1核心詞匯講解1．affectvt.影響；感染；(疾病)侵襲；使感動回歸課本P8：PeterTaylorfindsouthowcomputersandtheInternetaregoingtoaffectourlives.eg：（1）.Shewasdeeplyaffectedbythenewsofhisdeath.他去世的消息使她深感悲痛。2）Evenbelowthedrivinglimit，drivingwillbeaffected.即使低于酒駕限度，駕駛也將受影響。(3).Hewasaffectedwithhighfeverwhenwediscussedtheproblemyesterday.昨天當我們討論這個問題時，他正發高燒。(4).Whatparentsdoandsayhasalifelongeffectontheirchildren.父母的言行對孩子有長遠的影響。拓展：begreatly/deeplyaffected很/深受感動beaffectedbyheat/cold中暑/著涼beaffectedwithhighfever發高燒haveaneffect/influenceon對……產生影響應用：Withthegovernment’said，thosebytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.A．affect B．affectingC．affected D．wereaffected解析：句意為：在政府的援助下，那些受到地震影響的人們已經搬到新的定居點。用affect的過去分詞形式作主語those的后置定語，表示“受到地震影響的人們”。答案：C4.offerv．提供；提議；出(價)；主動提出；n.提供；提議；意圖；報價offer.＝offersb.(主動)把某物提供給某人offertodosth.主動提出做某事makeanofferofhelp/support/food主動提供幫助/支持/食物offersomemoney索價賣某物給某人offermoneyforsth.出價向某人買某物eg:(1).Thewaiterofferedsomecoffeetotheguests.＝Thewaiterofferedtheguestssomecoffee.服務員給客人們端了些咖啡來。(2).Allpassengerswereaskedtooffertheirpassportsbeforeboarding.所有乘客被要求登機前主動出示護照。(3).ShealwaysmakesanofferofhelpeverytimeIgetintotrouble.每當我陷入困境，她總是主動提供幫助。(4).They’veofferedus￡60,000forthehouse.Shallwetakeit?他們已向我們出價六萬英鎊買這所房子。我們賣不賣？辨析：辨析：offer，provide與supply三個詞均表示“提供”，其結構為：offer.或offervidesth.或providesb.。supplysb./sth.或supplysb./sth.。(5)Weareheretoprovideaserviceforthepublic.我們來這里為公眾服務。應用：—Doyouhaveanyproblemsifyouthisjob?—Well，I’mthinkingaboutthesalary.A．offer B．willofferC．areofferedD．willbeoffered解析：考查時態。句意為：—如果你得到這份工作，你還有問題嗎？—嗯，我在考慮薪水問題。注意：條件狀語從句和時間狀語從句中，用現在時態代替將來時態。句中you和offer是被動關系，故選C。答案：C5.harmvt.＆n.傷害，損害回歸課本P8：Aterroristissomeonewhodoesterriblethingstoharmcountries，governmentsandpeople.do＝doharmtosb.Thereisnoharmindoingsth.不妨做某事Itdoesnoharmtodosth.不妨做某事beharmfulto對……有害處(1).Toomuchdrinkingwilldogreatharmtoyou/doyougreatharm.飲酒過量危害甚大。(2).Thereisnoharmincombiningthetwomixtures.不妨把這兩種混合物放在一起。(3).Obviously，theyounglady’sfeelingwasharmed/hurtbywhatherhusbandsaid.顯然，這個年輕女士的丈夫的話傷害了她的感情。(4).Airpollutionwillgetworseandthiswillbeharmfultopeople，forexample，itcancausecancer.空氣污染會加劇，而且這會對人們造成危害，例如，它可以引發癌癥。辨析：harm,destroy,damage,injure,hurtharm多指對有生命事物的健康、權利、事業的"損害"。例如:eg:Thesekindofanimalsarepeople’sfriends.Theywillnotharmpeople.destroy表示嚴重"毀壞"某物,使之不復存在或無法修復。例如:eg:Theschoolwascompletelydestroyedbythebigfire.damage意思是"損害,傷害",多用于無生命的事物,一般可修復。例如:eg:Theflooddidgreatdamagetothecrops.injure多指意外事故中"受傷"。例如:eg:Fivepeoplewereinjuredinthecaraccidenttendaysago.hurt在表示"受傷"時與injure同義,但比injure通俗,而injure語氣更強。此外,hurt也常用來表示感情、自尊心"受傷害"；作不及物動詞時,還可以表示"疼痛"。例如:Mikedidn’tplayfootballyesterdaybecausehehadhurthisleg.MystomachhurtswhenIhavecoolfood,doctor.應用：)Manylifestylepatternsdosuchgreatharmtohealththattheyactuallyspeedup______weakeningofthehumanbody