2022年中考英語真題分項匯編（江蘇專用）專題04閱讀理解（說明文）一、（2022?江蘇宿遷?中考真題）Recently,Chinahasannouncedthelistofthefirstfivenationalparks.Eachofthemisdividedintotwoparts-thecore（核心）protectionareaandthegeneralcontrolarea.Inthecoreprotectionarea,onlyresearchandsurveillance（監視）inscienceareallowed.Andthegeneralcontrolareaisopentothepublic,allowingtravelactivitiessuchascampingandhiking.Inthefuture,nationalparksareexpectedtobenaturalclassrooms.Peoplecanlearnaboutdifferentkindsofanimalsandplantsthrougheco-friendly（環保的）travelactivities.Thenationalparkscanalsobehelpfultolocalpeople.Thebuildingofthesenationalparksprovidesmanyjobsforlocalpeople.Peoplelivinginoraroundtheparkscanworkasparkrangers（護林員）andguides.Theycanalsosellsomeeco-friendlythingswithlocalcolour.Sotheiryearlyincomes（收入）willgrowalot.Thenlefstakealookatthefivenationalparks.ThreeRiver-SourceNationalParkontheQinghai-TibetPlateau（青臧高原）,isthelargestnationalparkinChina.BecauseitishometothesourcesoftheYangtze,YellowandLancangrivers,peoplecallit“China'swatertower”.NortheastChinaTigerandLeopard（豹）NationalParkisinHeilongjiangandJilinprovinces.Itcoversanareaof14,100squarekilometres.Itisourcountry'sbiggestandonlyplacefbrwildSiberiantigersandAmurleopardstolivein..WuyiMountainNationalParkinFujianProvinceisaUNESCOnaturalandculturalheritagesite（遺址）.Theforestmakesupover96percentofthepark.Theparkistheparadiseofbirds,kingdom（王國）ofsnakesandworldofinsects.YoucanalsoseetheDanxialandform（地貌）there.■''yGiantPandaNationalParkconnectspandahabitats（棲息地）inSichuan,ShaanxiandGansuprovinces.Insidetheparkaremorethan1,600wildgianlpandas.Theymakeupover70percentofthepandasinChina.1HainanTropical（熱帶的）RainforestNationalParkisthelargesttropicalforestinChina.Therearemorethan400kindsofplantsthatcanonlybefoundinHainan.Theworld'sonly35Hainangibbons（長臂猿）livethere.Whatactivitycanbedoneinthecoreprotectionarea?A.Hunting. B.Researching.C.Hiking. D.Camping.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph3?Buildingthenationalparksonlyneedsrangersandguides.Farmingmakeslocalpeopleimprovetheiryearlyincomes.Visitorscanbuyanythingwithlocalcolorinthenationalparks.Localpeoplecangetmuchadvantagefromthenationalparks.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“paradise“intheformabovemean?A.Aperfectplace.B.Ahappyfeeling.C.Agoodexample.D.Asweetsmile.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Thebeautifulscenesofnature B.ThehomeofanimalsandplantsC.TheintroductiontothefivenationalparksD.Therelationshipsamongthefivenationalparks二、（2022?江蘇鎮江?中考真題）Over5millionsharedbikesinChinaareusingservicesofferedbyBeidouNavigationSatelliteSystem（北斗衛星導航系統）.ThesesharedbikesalluseBeidoubasedpositioningchips（芯片）.Thechipshavehighqualities.Theycandealwithinformationaccuratelyandquickly.Theyfeaturelowpowerconsumption.Theyprovideabetteruserexperienceandeasiermanagementforthelocalcompanies.Now,severalnewmodelsofsharedelectricbikeswithBeidou-basedchipshavealsostartedtobeproducedandputintomarket.Besidespositioningandnavigation,thechipswillhelpusersandbikecompaniesrecorduserspeedandbatteryconditionofanelectricbike.Thepossiblecrimesduringthebikeusingwillalsoberecorded.Infact,yearsago,sharedbikecompaniesbegantousepositioningchipswhichworkedwellwithbothGPSandBeidouservices.AftertheBeidousystembecamefullyinuseinthesummerof2020,sharedbikecompaniesstartedinstallingBeidou-basedchipsonmorebikesinmoreareas.Thelatestchipswhicharepopularwithbikecompaniesaresmallerandhavemoreadvantagesovertheoldtypes.Since2000,atotalof59BeidousatelliteshavebeenliftedfromtheXichangSatelliteLaunchCenterinSichuanProvince.Afterthefinalsatellitewasliftedin2020,thesystemwascompletedandstartedprovidingglobalservices.BeidouSatelliteSystemisdesignedanddevelopedbyChinaanditisoneoffourglobalnavigationnetworks,alongwiththeUnitedStates'GPS,Russia'sGLONASSandtheEuropeanUnion'sGalileo.Accordingtoaresearchin2022,bytheendof2021thetotalvalueconnectedwithsatellitenavigationandpositioningservicesinChinawas469billionyuan,a16.3-percentincreaseyear-on-year.Morethan500,000Chinesepeoplenowworkataround14.000China'scompaniesandorganizationsdoingbusinessconnectedwithBeidouandothersatellitenavigationandpositioningservices..What'sthemainideaofParagraph2?A.Thehistoryofsharedbikes. B.Thequalitiesofsharedbikes.C.TheadvantagesofBeidou-basedchips. D.TheproducersofBeidou-basedchips.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“installing"meaninParagraph3?A.puttingawayB.puttingoffC.puttingthroughD.puttinginHowdoesthewriterprovethevalueofsatellitenavigationandpositioningservicesinParagraph5?A.Byexplainingreasons B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Bycomparingconditions.D.Byintroducingbackgrounds.8.What^thebesttitleofthepassage?A.TechnologyShapestheFutureoftheProductsB.UsersNeedsDrivetheGrowthoftheProductsC.CompetitionLiftstheQualityoftheProductsD.ServiceIncreasestheSalesoftheProducts三、（2022?江蘇常州?中考真題）Beingsadorinalowmoodisanormal（正常的）partoflife.Manypeoplefeeldownfromtimetotime.Forexample,whenpeoplefacechallengingeventsintheirlives,suchasfinancial（經濟的）difficultyormajorchanges,it'scommontofeeldown.Butinmostcasesthebadfeelingsslowlydisappear.Asfordepression（抑郁癥）,however,thebadmoodlastsforweeks,months,oreverlongerbecauseitisamental（精神的）illness.AstheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO）noted,depressionisamooddisorder.Itshowsindifferentways,includinglossofinterestinnormalactivitiesandfeelingsoflowself-worth.Itoftenlastsforalongtimeandgreatlyharmsaperson'sabilityatworkorschoolorinthedailylife.Peoplewithdepressionusuallydon'tliketotalkabouttheirproblemswithothers.Moreseriously,depressionmayevenleadtotheactofkillingoneself.^Depressionisnotjustabout（一陣）ofsadnessorasignofweakness,andyoucan'tjustsimplystopfeelingdepressed.Msaidthehealthnewswebsite.Butdepressionisnotaperson'sproblem.It'salsomorecommonthanmostpeoplethink.Itishurtingabout280millionpeoplearoundtheworld,accordingtoWHO.Thoughdepressionisworrying,wedon'thavetobeafraidofit.Depressioncanbetreatedbygettingprofessional（專業的）help,takingmedicineoramixedtreatmentofboth.Infact,whenyoubegintofeelthedangerofdepression,youcantrytodealwithitearlybyyourself.Listeningtomusic,doingsomesportsanddrawingsomepicturesmighthelpyoufeelbetter.Anotherusefulwayistalktherapy.Whenweareattackedbyalowmood,havingaconversationwithothersisofgreathelp.Beinghonestabouthowwefeeldoesnotmakeusweak,itmakesushuman.Whoismostprobablyexperiencingdepression?Lily,whoisgoingtohaveanimportantexamandhasn'tsleptwellfor3days.May,whodislikeshernewschoolandhascomplainedtoherparents3times.C.Ben,whothinkslifeworthlessandhascriedaloneover3timesaweekinthepastmonth.

D.Tom,whofindssubjectshardandhastalkedtohisteacheraboutit3timesthisweek.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofdepression?A.Normalandnothingserious.C.Unavoidableanduntreatable.A.Normalandnothingserious.C.Unavoidableanduntreatable.11.What'sthepassagemainlyabout?Knowledgeofdepression.C.Reasonsfordepression.Uncommonalthoughharmful.D.Treatablealthoughworrying.B.Waysoftreatingdepression.D.Resultsofdepression.四、（2022?江蘇鎮江?中考真題）ProjectinSingaporeThefantasticman-made“fbrest“isaSingaporelandmark.Itismadefromsteelandconcrete（水泥）coveredinlocalflowersandplants.Atnight,18solar-poweredtree-liketowerswhichgettheirenergyfromthesunoftenlightupthecity.Theprojectwasawarded“theWorldBuildingoftheYear“anditsdesignersaidtheideawastocreate”acityinagarden”.Clearly,thespecialwayofbuildinguptheforestmakesadifferencetoliftingthepublic'sawarenessaboutenvironment.ProjectinMilanBydecoratingthebuildingsfromtoptobottomwithmorethan20,000treesandplants,ItalianarchitectStefanoBoerisaidhe'dwantedtomaketreespartofthebuildingsandcreateProjectinMedellinMedellinhaswonhighpraiseforitsgreencorridors（長廊）Thisprojecthelpsthecitywhichusedtobepooranddirtygetanewlook.Nowthe30corridorsfulloftreesandflowersconnectgreenspacessuchasparksandgardensinsomethingthatcouldhelptoreduceMedellin.Thegreencorridorshavereducedthepollution.Thesebuildingslieinthetemperaturebytwodegreesandhelpedmakethecenterofthecity,Milan.WhichtypesofaircleanBeesandbirdshavereturned.Tomakethetreesareplantedandwherethetreesarebeautyofthecityremain,moregardeningjobsplanteddependonthetrees,likesforhavebeencreated.Becauseofthis,peopletheresunlight.Thereisnodoubtthatthislivemoreactively.Itsoneofthebestexamplesaward-winningprojectisagreatdrivenbygovernmentwhichimprovesthework.environment.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"referto（指代）？A. Theairbecomingclean. B. Beesandbirdsreturning.C. Thetemperaturedropping D. Gardeningjobsincreasing.Accordingtothepassage,allofthethreeprojects.A. lieinthecitycenter B. havereceivedhighpraiseC. have18solar-poweredtowers D. have30corridorsfulloftreesandflowersWhichpartofamagazinemaythispassagebetakenfrom?A. InternationalCharities. B. ArtWorld.C. GreenLife. D. GreatPeople.五、（2022?江蘇宿遷?中考真題），川不 壬小zx（TheoilpaperumbrellaisatraditionalChinesehandicraft（手工藝品）.Ithasa/historyofover1,000yearsinChina.InearlyTangDynasty,itwasintroducedtoJapanandKorea,soitwascalledthe“TangUmbrella”.LateroilpaperumbrellaswerespreadtootherAsiancountries,suchasVietnam,ThailandandLaos,andeachhaditsownstyle.However,assteel-ribbed（鋼骨的）umbrellasappearedinthelastcentury,thehand-madeoilpaperumbrellasbecamelessusedindailylife.Theywereturnedintodecorativeartifacts（裝飾性工藝品）.YuhanginHangzhouisknownformakingoilpaperumbrellasformorethan230years.Theyaremainlymadeofskinpaper（皮紙）,bamboo,acoatingofTungoil（桐油）.Theyneedtotakemorethan70stepstomake,includingmakingbambooribs,pestingpapers（糊紙）andpaintingpatterns（圖案）.Ittakesatleastaweektomakeperumbrella.In2008,theseumbrellaswereaddedtoIntangibleCulturalHeritageList（非物質文化遺產名錄）ofChina.AyoungmancalledLiuWeixuelearnedthetraditionalartofmakingYuhangoilpaperumbrellasfromhisgrandfather.UIwanttobringthearttolife.MLiusaid.Heimprovedtheumbrellastowintheheartsofyoungpeople.Asthetraditionalpaperwaseasytobreak,hestartedtouseakindofthickerpaper.Inatest,hisumbrellaswereopenedandclosedfor1,000timeswithoutbreaking.Heusedakindoflighterbambootomaketheumbrellasweighless.NowLiuhopestheartcanbepassedon.Hegoestolocalschoolstoteachstudents.Healsogoestoeventsindifferentplacestopromote（推廣）theart.15.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph1?A.Thehistoryofoilpaperumbrellas. B.Thestylesofoilpaperumbrellas.C.Thedesignofoilpaperumbrellas. D.Thewaysofusingoilpaperumbrellas.Whatisanoilpaperumbrellamainlymadeofaccordingtothepassage?A.WooLbambooandacoatingofTungoil.B.Plastic,bambooandacoatingofTungoil.C.Skinpaper,bambooandacoatingofTungoil.D.Leather,bambooandacoatingofTungoil.WhydidLiuWeixuelearntheartofmakingYuhangoilpaperumbrellas?A.Becausehecouldn'tfindabetterjob. B.Becausehewantedtobringthearttolife.C.Becauseyoungpeoplelikedthefashion. D.Becausehisgrandfathertoldhimtolearn.Whichpartofamagazineisthepassageprobablyfrom?A.Culture.B.Medicine.C.Music.D.Sports.六、 （2022?江蘇徐州?中考真題）Flyingcars:flyinghighandreachingforthesky!Trafficjamisalmosteverydriver'sheadache.Soit'snotsurprisingtoseewhytheideaofturningcarsintoflyingmachineshasbeenpopularforyears.Theflyingcarscanbeseeninalotofsciencefictionnovelsandfilms.Nowtheideamaybecomearealityinthenearfuture.BasicinformationAflyingcarprovidestransportbybothlandandair.Afewmodelsofflyingcarshavealreadycompletedtestflights.AdvantagesReducingroadtrafficjams.Travellingacrossgreaterdistancesmuchfasterthancommoncars.Savingspaceonthegroundforparksandotherpublicspaces.▲Buildinganenginethatispowerfulenoughtoliftandflythecarforalongtime.Creatingastronglightweightbodysothattheflyingcarcanbeusedinanyweather.Designingsky“roads“tomanagetheflowoftrafficintheair.Makingnewtrafficrulesinthesky.Howmanyadvantagesdoesthematerialtellusaboutflyingcars?A.Two. B.Three. C. Fou匚 D. Five.Whichwordisthemostsuitablefor▲ ?A.Disadvantages. B.Possibilities. C. Contributions. D. Challenges.Whatdowelearnfromthematerial?Peoplemaydriveflyingcarsinthenearfuture.Sofarnoflyingcarshavecompletedtestflights.Therearesomerulesagainsttheuseofflyingcars.Flyingcarscanbeusedonland,inwaterandintheair.What'sthemainpurposeofthematerial?A.Toexplainhowtomakeflyingcars.B.Tointroduceflyingcars.C.Toshowtheimportanceofflyingcars.D.Toadvertisefbrflyingcars.七、（2022?江蘇無錫?中考真題）Haveyoueverwatchedashowaboutthewild?Ashark（鯊魚）eatsaseal!Lionsrundownagazelle!Isallnaturelikethat?Allabouteatingandblood?OristhatjustwhatkeepsoureyesgluedtotheTVscreen?Lefslookatsoniclivingthingswhoworkwitheachotherinsteadofrippingeachotherapart.Whenalionkillsagazelle,itwantstoeatasmuchasitcanandmaybesharetherestwithitsfamily.Therearesomelivingthingsthatwilltakesmallpiecesofanotherlivingthing'sbody.Parasitismiswhenonelivingthinggetsitsenergyfromanotherlivingthing,doesnotgiveanythingback,andhurtsthethingit'stakingthingsfrom.Nowlet'sgetalittlenicer.Sometimesalivingthingwillliveoffthebodyofanotherlivingthingwithouthurtingit.Theydonotstealanything.Theydonotbite.Commensalismiswhentwolivingthingslivetogetherandonegetsgoodthingsoutofitwhiletheotherisnothurtbyit.Haveyouseenapictureofawhale（鯨）withrockywhitethingsstucktoitsskin?Thosearebarnacles（藤壺）.Theyattachthemselvestothewhale,sonothingwilltrytoeatthemandtheycaneatthingsthatfloatby.Nowlet'sgetreallynice.Whilesharksarebitingandlionsarefighting,arethereanyanimalsthatjustgetalong?Yes!Actually,therearemany.Mutualismiswhentwolivingthingsworktogetherandbothgetgoodthingsoutofit.Beesandflowersarethemostcommonexample.Withoutflowers,beescouldnotmakehoney.Withoutbees,flowerscouldnotmakenewseeds.It?swin-winforthesetwo.Therearelotsofanimalsthatgetalong.Birdswillliveonthebacksofzebrasandeattheticksthataredrinkingthezebra'sblood.Thebirdgetsfood.Thezebragetsitstickstakenaway.Insomeofthesecases,oneanimalcouldnotlivewithouttheother.Weusetheword“Symbiotic（共生的）“fbrallofthesekindsofrelationships.Sometimesit'sgoodforoneandbadfbrtheothe匚Sometimesit'sjustgoodfbrone.Sometimesit'sevengoodfbrboth.So,itisnicetoknowthattherearesomelivingthingsouttherethatarefindingwaystolivetogether.WecouldpayattentiontotheanimalsthatdonotalwaysmakeitonTV.23.ThewritermentionedaTVshowaboutthewildinParagraph1to.A.tellastory B.solveamysteryC.Introduceasubject D.discussaprogrammeWhichofthefollowingbestdescribestherelationshipbetweenbeesandflowers?A.Neighbours.B.Friends. C.Strangers. D.Partners.Howdoesthewriterdevelopthepassage?

B.Bygivingexamples.D.Bydrawingconclusions.B.Bygivingexamples.D.Bydrawingconclusions.C.Bypresentingreasons.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?Theworldoflivingthingsremainstobeexplored.Moreactionsshouldbetakentoprotectlivingthings.TVprogrammesaboutlivingthingsrequiretobeimproved.Moremoneywillbespentondocumentariesaboutlivingthings.八、（2022?江蘇無錫?中考真題）Studyingisnotalwaysthemostinterestingtaskwithinyourday,butitisanecessaryone.Eventhoughitisrequired,everyonehasgotboredatonetimeoranotherwhilestudying.Althoughthisisacommonproblem,herearesometipsforyoutokeepboredomawaywhileyouarestudying.Findasuitableplacetostudy.Makesureyouareinaplacethatisfreeofdistraction（分心、）.Distractionswillactuallycauseyoutobecomemoreboredbecauseyouareremindedofthethingsyoucouldbedoingotherthanstudying.couldbedoingotherthanstudying.Planfirst.Listwhatyouneedtogetcompletedandhowlongyouneedtocompleteit.Ifyouknowwhenyoucangobacktoplaysportsortalktoyourfriends,youwillbemorelikelytofixyourattentiononstudies.Mixupyourtopics.

?Changeupthetopicsthatyouarestudying.Mixupwhatyoustudyeveryhalfanhourtoanhourorsotoavoidboredom.Forexample,studyhistoryfor45minutes,mathsfbr45minutes,andEnglishfor45minutes.Makesureyoudon'tspendallyourtimeononesubject.Takenotesasyougo.Takeanotebookoutandwritedownimportantnoteswhileyouarereadinganarticleinatextbook.Notonlywillithelpkeepyouengaged,youwillalsobelearningmorebecauseyouprocesstheinformationonceasyoureaditandthenagainasyousynthesizetheinformationtowritedown.Whichpartofamagazineisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A.Study. B.Health. C.Science. D.Culture.Whichwordisthemostsuitablefor▲ ?A.trip B.time C.business D.lunchThepassageismainlyabout.A.howtolearndifferentsubjects B.howtostudywithoutgettingboredC.howtoreadanarticleinatextbook D.howtochooseaproperplacetostudy九、（2022?江蘇泰州?中考真題）Ancientartdoesn'thavetobeboring.Technologyinthe21stcenturycanhelptobringittolifebycombining（融合）thebestoftheoldandthenew.AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestivalWalkingintotheChinaPavilionatExpo2010inShanghai,peoplewereamazedbyseeingahugedigital（數碼的）painting.Scientistsdigitized（數碼化）thefamouspaintingAlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestisalbyChineseartistZhangZeduan.Theoriginal（原先的）paintingshowslifeduringtheNorthernSongperiodanditincludesmanydetailsofancientChinesecustoms,lifestylesandtechnology.Farmersworkinthefields,sailorsmovearoundtheirboatsandpeopleeatanddobusinessinrestaurants.Partsofthebackgroundarealsoanimated（做成動畫）.Youcanseethewindblowingthroughthetreesandacrossthewater.Theseanimationsperfectlycombinemoderntechnologyandancientart.Digitaltechnologyallowstoday'sartiststoexpresstheirideasinwaysthatancientartistswouldnotbelievepossible.Techniquessuchasanimationand3Ddigitalprojection（投影）makeartcomealive.DunhuangCavePaintings針……。一NorthwestChina,arefilledwithpaintingsandsculptureswithlastingvalue.Thisartworkwascreatedoveraperiodofaround1,000years.Thegoodnewsisforartloverswhocannottravelandforthecaves.Scientistshavecreateda360-degree,3Ddigitalprojectionofthecaves,whichmakestheartworkcomealive.Thereisalsoafunclion（功能）thatletsviewerszoominandenjoythepaintingsandsculpturesingreaterdetail.Digitisingancientartallowsustoexploretheancientpractices.Italsomakesthewholeworldunderstandtheartwhileprotectingtheoriginalartworksforthefuture.Fromthepassage,wecanknowthat.bothofthetwoartworksuse3Ddigitalprojectionancientartallowspeopletoexplorethemoderntechnologypeoplecan'tgotoDunhuangtoenjoypaintingsandsculpturesnow

thedigitalpainting.AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestivalwascreatedbyZhangZeduanWhichsentencemaybethebesttofillinthe"”?Inthedigitalpainting,alotofthesedetailsareanimated.Inthedigitalpainting,alotofthesescenesarewellknown.Inthedigitalpainting,moredetailsoftheartcanbeenjoyed.Inthedigitalpainting,manydifferentstylesofartcanbeseen.Theunderlinedphrase“zoomin“meansinChinese.A.使（鏡頭）抬高 B.使（鏡頭）拉近 C.使（鏡頭）俯視 D.使（鏡頭）遠離Fromthepassage,wecaninfer（推斷）that.studyingancientartasmuchaspossibleisverynecessarygoodartmustcombinemoderntechnologyandancientartprotectingtheancientartworksismoreimportantthandevelopingtechnologymorevaluableancientartworkswillbeprotectedbetterwithtechnologyinthefutureWhichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.EnjoyingAncientArt B.ProtectingModemTechnologyC.DigitisingAncientArt D.UnderstandingModernTechnology十、（2022?江蘇蘇州?中考真題）Allaboard!Let'stakearideontheworld'shighestrailway一theQinghai-TibetRailway（青藏鐵路）.Sitbackandenjoythejourney.Getreadyforthetripofalifetime.We'releavingQinghaiStation.ThesceneryalongthewayissomeofthewildestinallofChina.Keepyoureyesopenasweracethroughthisbeautifulland.YoumightseearareTibetanantelope（藏羚羊）fromyourwindow.Beforewebeginourjourney,lefslearnaboutthisamazingrailway.It?strulyoneofthegreatengineeringwondersofthe21stcentury.WhenitwascompletedonJuly1,2006,theTibetRailwaysetnineworldrecords,includingtheworld'shighestrailwayat5,072metresabovesealevel,theworld'shighesttunnel（隧道）at4,905metres,andthelongesttunneleverbuiltonpermafrost（凍土）.Aswetravelhigher,theairgetsthinnerandthinner.Soontherewillonlybe50to60percentoftheoxygenwhichweareusedtobreathing.Butdon'tbeafraid.Eachrailcarhastwoseparateoxygensystems.Onesystemspreadsoxygenthroughoutthetrainatalltimes.Andeachpassengercanalsogetapersonaloxygenmaskjustlikethoseusedinplanes.Hereareafewmorethingstothinkaboutasourtrainleavesthestation.Thedesignerssolvedthreemainchallengeswhenbuildingthisgreatrailway.First,thehighaltitude（海拔）madethetaskdifficultbecausetherewasnoenoughoxygen.Second,muchoftherailwayrunsacrosspermafrost,atypeofgroundthatkeepschangingastheweatherwarmsandcools.Finally,therailwaygoesthroughsomeofthemostsensitiveecology（敏感的生態環境）inChina.Greatcarewasnecessarytomakesureofthesmallestpossibleinfluenceonnature.Allthreechallengesweremet,makingourtrippossible.Allaboard!ThetraintoTibetisleavinginfifteenminutes.Wherearethepassengers?A.Onabus.B.Onatrain.C.Onaship.D.Onaplane.36.Howdoesthetextshowtherailwayisamazinginparagraph3?A.Bytellingastory. B.Byusingadesigner'swords.C.Byintroducingitsworldrecords. D.Bycomparingthepresentwiththepast.Howmanyoxygensystemsarethereineachrailcar?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.Whichofthefollowingincreasedthedifficultyofbuildingtherailway?A.Thechangingground.B.Thepollutedair.C.Thedangerousanimals.D.Thehotweather.十一、（2022?江蘇揚州?中考真題）ResearchersatChinaAerospaceScienceandIndustryCorp,aState-owneddefensecontractor,havedevelopedandmadetheworld'sfirstrobotwhaleshark（鯨鯊）.■Theroboticsharkhasbeenondisplayinan叫uarium（水族館）atShanghaiHaichangOceanParksinceJanuary.Awhalesharkisaslow-movingcarpetsharkandthelargestknownlivingfish.DesignedandbuiltbyengineersattheShenyang-basedNo111Factory,theunderwaterrobotis4.7meterslong,weighs350kilogramsandcanmove42metersaminute.Poweredbyalithiumbattery,itcanswim,turn,floatanddivelikearealsharkbymovingitsmechanicalfins（鰭）.Themouthandgills（鰥）canalsoopenandcloselikeashark's.Thebiomimeticsharkismadeofsensors（傳感器），multi-jointfins,batteries,andsystemswhichenableittoavoidwhat'sinthewayinalldirections.“Therobotcanreachadepthof10metersandworkfbraslongas10hours,saidFangXuelin,aseniorresearcherinchargeoftherobotsharkprogram.“Thesharkcanberemotelycontrolledandcanalsoswimbasedonpresetprogramsoritsownsensors,“hesaid.“Wehavebuiltmultiplekindsofrobotfishes,andtheroboticwhalesharkisthelargestmechanicalfishwehavemadesofar,vFangadded.4tOurrobotsaretoservethreepurposes-toperforminaquariumsforentertainment,spreadknowledgeabouttheseaandaquatic（水生的）animalsamongyoungsters,andcarryoutscientifictaskssuchashydrologicalsurveys,underwaterphotographyandenvironmentalinspection.^^“Thefactorynowplanstodevelopmoretypesofaquaticrobots,includingsomeextinctmammals（哺乳動物）,fordisplayinparksandschools.Itwillalsopromotetheproductstobusinessesengagedinfieldssuchasunderwatersalvageandmineralprospecting,hesaid.Thewhalesharkondisplayis.A.theworld'sfirstrobot B.thelargestlivingfishC.a7.4-meter-longshark D.aroboticsharkWhatdoestheunderlinedwordkfcbiomimeticMinParagraph5mean?

A.仿生的B.虛擬的A.仿生的B.虛擬的C.雜交的D.變異的WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?Thesharkisthefirstmechanicalfishmadeatthefactory.Poweredbyalithiumbattery,thesharkcanswimwithoutstopping.Thefactoryhasbuiltmultiplekindsofrobotfishesincludingtheshark.Thefactoryhasdevelopedsomeextinctmammalsfordisplayinparks.42.WhatdoesParagraph8mainlytalkabout?A.Thelimitsoftheaquaticrobots. B.Thepurposesoftheaquaticrobots.C.Theprogressinmakingaquaticrobots. D.Thestepstodevelopingaquaticrobots.十二、（2022?江蘇揚州?中考真題）Wetlandsareanylandthatisfloodedwithshallowwaterallormostofthetime.Theyareanaturalwaterholdingsystem.Therearemanytypesofwetlands.Amongthem,bogs,marshesandswampsarethethreemaintypes.Thedifferenttypesofwetlandshavedifferentkindsofplants.Onlymosses（苔辭）andafewotherkindsofplantscangrowinbogs.Grassyplantslikecattails（香蒲）andreeds（蘆葦）arethemostcommonplantsinamarsh.Aswampisaforestwhosegroundisunderwaterallormostofthetime.Unlikebogsormarshes,aswampisfulloftreesandbushes.It?snotagoodideatogoexpl