uNIT4單詞精講1.typicaladj.典型的，有代表性的betypicalof是……的特點typicallyadv.典型地；通常eg.It’satypicalItaliancafé.Itwastypicalofhertoforget.

Typically,adoctorwillseeaboutthirtypatientsaday.

這是典型的意大利咖啡館。健忘是她的特點。通常，一名醫生一天會看大約30位患者。2.pleasantadj.令人愉快的；友好的unpleasantadj.令人不快的pleasingadj.

令人高興的，滿意的pleasuren.高興；榮幸pleasedadj.

快樂的，高興的;滿意的

bepleasedwith=becontentwith=besatisfiedwith對...滿意

bepleasedtodosth.

高興/樂于做某事

havethepleasureofdoingsth

有榮幸做某事eg.Therestaurantwaslargeandpleasant.

這家飯店大且令人愉快。

3.arise（arose，arisen）vi.起身；出現；由……引起arisefrom/outof=resultfrom由……引起，產生13.Accidentsoftenarisefrom/outofcarelessness.

2.Whatproblemsmayarisewhenhumansarecloned?

3.Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisenwheretherewasnothingayearagobutruins.

事故通常是由粗心引起的。當人類被克隆時會出現什么問題?

大量高樓大廈出現在了幾年前只有廢墟的地方。arouseone’sinterest/sympathy喚起某人的興趣、同情心rise,raise,arise,arouse單詞詞性/詞義過去式過去分詞現在分詞arisevi.

起身；出現；由……引起arosearisenarisingrisevi.

漸漸上升;起立，起身roserisenrisingraisevt.

舉起，使升高；提升，提拔；提出raisedraisedraisingarousevt.

喚起arousedarousedarousing【語境應用】完成句子。1)Canwebegindiscussingmatters___________(由……引起)thelastmeeting?

2)ThatmorningI_________(起床)earlyandwentouttotheroadwaitingforMrBrowntopickmeup.arosearisingfrom4.massive

adj.巨大的；非常嚴重的

mass

n.

團；塊；眾多；群眾adj.

大規模的；民眾的

amassiveamountof大量的

amassof/massesof大量的

messn.混亂；雜亂v.使不整潔；弄臟；弄亂

Massesofbookscoveredeverysurfaceintheroom.

大量的書占滿了房間。5.literallyadv.字面上；真正的literaladj.字面意義的literaturen.文學作品litern.垃圾literallyspeaking照字面意思來說，不夸張地說6.breathn.呼吸的空氣breathevt.&vi.

呼吸breathlessadj氣喘吁吁的；呼吸急促的

breathlesslyadv上氣不接下氣地；氣喘吁吁地breathtakingadj激動人心的；驚人的；令人驚嘆的

takesb’sbreathaway令人驚嘆

holdone’sbreath

屏息;屏氣takeadeepbreath深呼吸

loseone’sbreath

喘不過氣來

outofbreath氣喘吁吁

breatheasighofrelief松一口氣eg：Iwasbreathlessafterclimbingthestairs.breathe

vi&vt

呼吸：Whenwebreathe,theairgoesintoourlungs.Peopleareconcernedabouttheairqualitytheybreathe.常用搭配breathein吸氣；吸入：Breatheinandholdyourbreathforaslongaspossible.breatheout呼氣；呼出：TakeadeepbreathandthenbreatheoutwhenItellyouto.Humanstakeinoxygenandbreatheoutcarbondioxide.?breathingn[U]呼吸breath根據所給漢語，用適當的詞塊完成下列句子。1.Jack____________________（深吸一口氣）andthendivedintothewater.

3.____________________（屏住呼吸）andcounttoten.

4.Ericcamerunningintotheroom,__________________（上氣不接下氣）.5.Theviewfromthetopwill____________________（令你驚嘆）.tookadeepbreathHoldyourbreathoutofbreathtakeyourbreathaway7.bound

adj.準備前往(某地)；一定會

v.跳動；彈回n.跳beboundfor準備前往/開往……

beboundtodosth.一定會做某事eg.TheshipisboundforSouthAmerica.Thomas

isboundtorefuseourhelp.Thenewdiscoveryisboundtobeofgreatservicetomankind.Thelittlegirlboundedtoherfeetandwavedherrighthandhappily.Theballboundedfromthewall.Withoneboundthedeerdisappearedinthethickwoods.寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Whenyouaredealingwithsomanypatients,mistakesareboundtohappen.___________2.WetriedtogetseatsonaRome-boundflight.___________3.Heboundedupthestepsandpushedthebellofthedoor.___________4.Herhealthhasimprovedinleapsandbounds.___________在所難免

開往羅馬的

跳上bound迅速scene,scenery,sight,viewscene事發地點，戲劇等的一場，場面battle

scenes

the

openingscenescenery不可數名詞，指某一地區的總的整體自然風景They

stopped

at

the

top

of

the

hill

to

admire

the

scenery.sight視力；風景名勝，常用復數形式，多指人文景觀The

Great

Wall

is

one

of

the

sights

of

the

world.view指從某個角度，尤指從高處或遠處看到的景色The

view

from

the

top

of

the

mountain

is

breathtaking.【語境應用】完成句子。1)get/haveagood______ofthecity2)in/outof_____視力范圍內/看不見的范圍3)seethe______參觀名勝4)onthe______在現場5)Thereisahappy______withchildrenplayinginthepark.6)Switzerlandisfamousforitsbeautiful______.viewsightsightsscenescenerysceneawesomeadj.令人驚嘆的；可怕的；很好的“非常好”：outstanding,excellent,great,wonderful,terrific,fantastic出色的，絕佳的，極好的amazing,incredible驚人的，了不起的

8.peak

n.[C]尖形；尖頭山峰；山頂［常用單數］高峰；頂峰(height)：adj.最高的；高峰的；

vi.達到最高點；達到高峰peakpeakhours高峰時間apeakseason旺季atthepeakofsb’scareer處在某人事業巔峰eg:By700AD,Mayacivilisationwasatitspeak.Trafficreachesitspeakbetween8and9inthemornings.Windspeedspeakedat105milesperhouryesterday.寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Themountainpeakwascoveredwithsnow.___________2.TheBritishEmpirewasatitspeakinthemid19thcentury.___________

3.Theathletesareallinpeakcondition.___________4.Weneedextrahelpduringthepeakseason.___________5.Oilproductionpeakedintheearly1980s.___________山峰

處于全盛時期處于巔峰狀態peak旺季達到了最高峰9.highlightn.最好或最精彩的部分

vt.突出；強調；使醒目突出；強調:highlight=stress=emphasize

emphasisn.突出強調highlighttheimportanceof

強調...的重要性10.freezevi.&vt.結冰；(使)凍住；突然停止

(freeze,froze,frozen)

freezingadj.極冷的；冰凍的

n.冰點

freezingcold極冷的；凍僵的

above/belowfreezing

冰點以上/以下

冷：cold涼爽；cold寒冷；freezingcold極冷

暖：warm溫暖；hot炎熱；boilinghot酷熱eg.Thecoldweatherhadfrozentheground.

Howmuchlongerdowehavetowaitforher?I’mfreezing.Temperaturesremainedbelow

freezingduringtheafternoon.【語境應用】完成句子。1)It’s_______here.Can’tweshutafewwindows?3)Water_______whenthetemperaturefallstozero.freezingfreezes11.anticipatevt.預料；預見；期望anticipationn.預料，預期；期盼

anticipatedoingsth.預期做某事

Itisanticipatedthat據預料……

inanticipationofsth.期盼某事

asanticipated

正如預期，不出所料drillvi./vt.鉆孔；打眼n.鉆頭；訓練；演習

drillforoil

鉆探石油

afiredrill消防演習

12.thundervi.打雷；轟隆隆的響；轟隆隆地快速移動

n.雷聲

thunderousadj.雷鳴般的~applause雷鳴般的掌聲

13.frostn.霜；嚴寒天氣

vt.使蒙上霜

vi.結霜

frostyadj.結霜的形容詞后綴-y形容詞后綴-y可加在名詞后構成形容詞，意為“充滿……的(fullof)”或“有……特質的（characterisedby）”。dirt（污垢）+-y→dirtyadj

mist（薄霧）+-y→mistyadj

frost（霜）+-y→frostyadj

trick（詭計；花招）+-y→trickyadjsport（運動）+-y→sportyadj

smell（氣味）+-y→smellyadjsteel（鋼）+-y→steelyadjskin（皮膚）+-y→skinnyadjboss（老板）+-y→bossyadj

stick（棍/條狀物）+-y→stickyadj

臟的多霧的結霜的/嚴寒的棘手的/難對付的愛好（或擅長）體育運動的/（衣服）適合運動時穿著的有臭味的/發臭的鋼鐵般的/堅定的極瘦的/皮包骨的（像老板一樣）愛指揮人的黏的1.enrolvi.&vt.(使)加入;注冊;登記1.Youmaywanttoenrolyourchildinanearbyschool.2.Youcancomeandenrolyourchildrenintheschool.3.Ienrolledfor/in/onthemodernartcourse.4.contraryadj.相反的;相對立的n.相反的事實(事情)contraryto與……相反onthecontrary相反1.Contrary

toexpectation,hedidn’twininthecontest.2.Youthinkyouareclever;on

the

contrary,Iassurethatyouareveryfoolish.

3.Unexpectedly,twocontraryviewscameupatthemeeting.4.Thecontraryof“wet”is“dry”.5.proceedvi.行進;繼續做【詞匯拓展】proceedwithsth繼續做某事proceedtodosth繼續做某事proceedtowards/to朝……行進1.We’renotsurewhetherwestillwanttoproceed

withthesale.2.PassengersforRomeshouldproceed

toGate32forboarding.3.Themarchersproceededslowlyalongthestreet.4.Heoutlined（v.概述）hisplansandthenproceededtoexplaintheminmoredetails.7.astonishvt.使十分驚訝;使吃驚astonishingadj.令人驚訝的astonishedadj.感到驚訝的astonishmentn.驚訝Itastonishessbthat...令某人驚訝的是……beastonishedat/bysth因/對某事感到驚訝beastonishedtodosth對做某事感到驚訝toone’sastonishment使某人驚奇的是Hewas

astonished

tolearnhe’dwonthecompetition.Iwasfilledwithastonishmentatherstrangeaction.【語境應用】用astonish