白內障病人護理

(NursingforCataractPatients)

TaianHealthSchool

紀建光12/18/20221白內障病人護理

(Nu

晶狀體在眼球內的位置

(PositionofLensintheEye)12/18/20222晶狀體在眼球內的位置

白內障病人護理NursingforCataractPatients課件白內障病人護理NursingforCataractPatients課件EggWhiteEggYolk12/18/20225EggWhiteEggYolk12/14/20225EggShell12/18/20226EggShell12/14/2022612/18/2022712/14/20227

晶狀體的特性

(PropertiesofLens)1.Transparent(透明的)Body2.Protein['pr?uti:n]3.Convex[‘k?n’veks]（Degree：1000-1200）12/18/20228晶狀體的特性

(PropDefinition：廣義上講，任何因素導致晶體(lens)出現渾濁(turbidness)[‘t?:bidnis]都可稱為(cataract)DiseaseDescription

12/18/20229Definition：DiseaseDescription

白內障國情(NationalConditions）

1.6000

萬(sixtymillion)白內障患者

2.100萬(onemillion)白內障患者應施行手術

3.每年新增患者40萬(fourhundredthousand)

4.人口老齡化，患者逐年增加，白內障治療、護理任務項繁重(Aburdensometask)

12/18/20221012/14/202210

白內障臨床分類

(ClassificationofClinic)

12/18/202211

白內障臨床分類

一：SenileCataract[‘si:nail]年齡相關性白內障(age-relatedcataract）12/18/202212一：SenileCataract二：TraumaticCataract[tr?:‘m?tik]

外傷性白內障:眼球穿孔傷、鈍挫傷12/18/202213二：TraumaticCataract

三：MetabolicCataract[,met?'b?lik]代謝性白內障：糖尿病，甲狀腺疾病

12/18/20221412/14/202214四：CongenitalCataract[k?n'd?enitl]

先天性白內障

12/18/202215四：CongenitalCataract[k五：MedicamentousCataract

藥物性中毒性白內障：長期使用“類固醇”藥物

六：RadiatedCataract['reidieitid]

輻射性白內障：因放射線所致12/18/202216五：MedicamentousCataract12/14老年性白內障

SenileCataract12/18/202217老年性白內障

SenileCatara1.年齡增長，晶狀體逐漸混濁，即為老年性白內障。一般起于40～45以后2.主要病因:氧化損害(OxidativeDamage)['?ksideitiv]

3.臨床表現:眼前陰影和漸進性、無痛性視力減退(VisualDeterioration)[di,ti?ri?'rei??n]12/18/2022181.年齡增長，晶狀體逐漸混濁，即為老年性白內障。一般起于40NursingAssessment

(一)HealthHistory

1.年齡(Age)2.外傷(Trauma)3.營養(Nutrition)4.遺傳(Heredity)[hi'rediti]5.代謝(Metabolize)[m?'t?b?laiz]6.全身病(GeneralDisease)12/18/202219NursingAssessment(一)H

身體狀況

(PhysicalCondition)1.癥狀(Symptom)

漸進性視力下降(GradualVisualDeterioration）[di,ti?ri?'rei??n]12/18/202220身體狀況

(PhysicalCClinicalStages

一期(InitialStage)

1、無視力下降（對視力無影響）

2、皮質內出現空泡，水裂和板層分離，從周邊逐漸向中央擴大，呈“羽毛狀”或楔形渾濁3、此期發展緩慢，可經數年12/18/202221ClinicalStages

一期(12/18/20222212/14/202222

二期：膨脹期(DilatationalStage)

1.視力下降2.晶體呈不均勻渾濁3.晶體體積變大，將虹膜向前推移4.前房變淺5.誘發急性閉角型青光眼AACG:（AcuteAngleClosureGlaucoma)12/18/20222312/14/20222312/18/20222412/14/202224

三期：成熟期(MaturityStage)

[m?'tju?riti]

1.視力下降至眼前手動/光感2.晶體灰白色均勻渾濁3.虹膜投影消失4.眼底不能窺入12/18/20222512/14/20222512/18/20222612/14/202226

四期：過熟期(OverripeStage)['?uv?'raip]

1.視力突然提高(晶體皮質液化→外溢→核下沉）2.前房加深3.虹膜震顫4.渾濁晶體纖維分解液化，呈乳白色5.棕黃色晶體核下沉于囊袋下方6.誘發晶體溶解性青光眼12/18/20222712/14/20222712/18/20222812/14/202228

PhysicalSign白瞳癥(WhitePupil)是最明顯的體征12/18/202229PhysicalSigNursingDiagnosis1.感知改變(PerceptualAlteration)2.自理缺陷(SelfCareDeficit)3.受傷危險(RiskforInjury)4.知識缺乏(KnowledgeDeficit)5.潛在并發癥(PotentialComplications)12/18/202230NursingDiagnosis1.感知改變(PercNursingGoals

1.病人視力提高2.自理恢復3.避免受傷4.熟悉相關知識5.避免并發癥12/18/202231NursingGoals1.病人視NursingInterventions一般護理(OrdinaryProvidence)1.病房介紹(WardIntroduction)2.飲食指導(DietGuidance)12/18/202232NursingInterventions

治療配合

(TherapeuticAlliance)

[θer?'pju:tik][?'lai?ns]

一：NursingofDrug

(1)維生素類VitC,VitB2(2)滴眼液:白內停,谷胱甘肽,卡他靈

二：SurgicalCare

12/18/202233治療配合

(Therapeutic12/18/20223412/14/202234PreoperativeCare1.抗生素(Antibiotic)[,?ntibai‘?tik]眼液術前3天2.鎮靜劑3.沖洗結膜囊4.沖洗淚道5.降眼壓IntraocularPressure[,intr?'?kjul?]6.散瞳孔12/18/202235PreoperativeCare1.抗生素(Antib12/18/20223612/14/20223612/18/20223712/14/20223712/18/20223812/14/20223812/18/20223912/14/202239PostoperativeCare一：“四位”一體(FourPositions)

1.體位(Body)2.頭位(Head)3.口位(Mouth)4.手位(Hand)二：預防感染(InfectionPrevention)

氧氟沙星滴眼液三：定期復查(RegularlCountercheck)oneweek,onemonth，sixmonths12/18/202240PostoperativeCare一：“四位”一體(FHealthEducation1.CauseofCataract2.SymptomsofCataract3.DiagnosisofCataract4.TheropyandNursingKnowledge5.PreventionofCataract12/18/202241HealthEducation1.CauseofThanksaLot!!!12/18/202242ThanksaLot!!!12/14/202242

白內障病人護理

(NursingforCataractPatients)

TaianHealthSchool

紀建光12/18/202243白內障病人護理

(Nu

晶狀體在眼球內的位置

(PositionofLensintheEye)12/18/202244晶狀體在眼球內的位置

白內障病人護理NursingforCataractPatients課件白內障病人護理NursingforCataractPatients課件EggWhiteEggYolk12/18/202247EggWhiteEggYolk12/14/20225EggShell12/18/202248EggShell12/14/2022612/18/20224912/14/20227

晶狀體的特性

(PropertiesofLens)1.Transparent(透明的)Body2.Protein['pr?uti:n]3.Convex[‘k?n’veks]（Degree：1000-1200）12/18/202250晶狀體的特性

(PropDefinition：廣義上講，任何因素導致晶體(lens)出現渾濁(turbidness)[‘t?:bidnis]都可稱為(cataract)DiseaseDescription

12/18/202251Definition：DiseaseDescription

白內障國情(NationalConditions）

1.6000

萬(sixtymillion)白內障患者

2.100萬(onemillion)白內障患者應施行手術

3.每年新增患者40萬(fourhundredthousand)

4.人口老齡化，患者逐年增加，白內障治療、護理任務項繁重(Aburdensometask)

12/18/20225212/14/202210

白內障臨床分類

(ClassificationofClinic)

12/18/202253

白內障臨床分類

一：SenileCataract[‘si:nail]年齡相關性白內障(age-relatedcataract）12/18/202254一：SenileCataract二：TraumaticCataract[tr?:‘m?tik]

外傷性白內障:眼球穿孔傷、鈍挫傷12/18/202255二：TraumaticCataract

三：MetabolicCataract[,met?'b?lik]代謝性白內障：糖尿病，甲狀腺疾病

12/18/20225612/14/202214四：CongenitalCataract[k?n'd?enitl]

先天性白內障

12/18/202257四：CongenitalCataract[k五：MedicamentousCataract

藥物性中毒性白內障：長期使用“類固醇”藥物

六：RadiatedCataract['reidieitid]

輻射性白內障：因放射線所致12/18/202258五：MedicamentousCataract12/14老年性白內障

SenileCataract12/18/202259老年性白內障

SenileCatara1.年齡增長，晶狀體逐漸混濁，即為老年性白內障。一般起于40～45以后2.主要病因:氧化損害(OxidativeDamage)['?ksideitiv]

3.臨床表現:眼前陰影和漸進性、無痛性視力減退(VisualDeterioration)[di,ti?ri?'rei??n]12/18/2022601.年齡增長，晶狀體逐漸混濁，即為老年性白內障。一般起于40NursingAssessment

(一)HealthHistory

1.年齡(Age)2.外傷(Trauma)3.營養(Nutrition)4.遺傳(Heredity)[hi'rediti]5.代謝(Metabolize)[m?'t?b?laiz]6.全身病(GeneralDisease)12/18/202261NursingAssessment(一)H

身體狀況

(PhysicalCondition)1.癥狀(Symptom)

漸進性視力下降(GradualVisualDeterioration）[di,ti?ri?'rei??n]12/18/202262身體狀況

(PhysicalCClinicalStages

一期(InitialStage)

1、無視力下降（對視力無影響）

2、皮質內出現空泡，水裂和板層分離，從周邊逐漸向中央擴大，呈“羽毛狀”或楔形渾濁3、此期發展緩慢，可經數年12/18/202263ClinicalStages

一期(12/18/20226412/14/202222

二期：膨脹期(DilatationalStage)

1.視力下降2.晶體呈不均勻渾濁3.晶體體積變大，將虹膜向前推移4.前房變淺5.誘發急性閉角型青光眼AACG:（AcuteAngleClosureGlaucoma)12/18/20226512/14/20222312/18/20226612/14/202224

三期：成熟期(MaturityStage)

[m?'tju?riti]

1.視力下降至眼前手動/光感2.晶體灰白色均勻渾濁3.虹膜投影消失4.眼底不能窺入12/18/20226712/14/20222512/18/20226812/14/202226

四期：過熟期(OverripeStage)['?uv?'raip]

1.視力突然提高(晶體皮質液化→外溢→核下沉）2.前房加深3.虹膜震顫4.渾濁晶體纖維分解液化，呈乳白色5.棕黃色晶體核下沉于囊袋下方6.誘發晶體溶解性青光眼12/18/20226912/14/20222712/18/20227012/14/202228

PhysicalSign白瞳癥(WhitePupil)是最明顯的體征12/18/202271PhysicalSigNursingDiagnosis1.感知改變(PerceptualAlteration)2.自理缺陷(SelfCareDeficit)3.受傷危險(RiskforInjury)4.知識缺乏(KnowledgeDeficit)5.潛在并發癥(PotentialComplications)12/18/202272NursingDiagnosis1.感知改變(PercNursingGoals

1.病人視力提高2.自理恢復3.避免受傷4.熟悉相關知識5.避免并發癥12/18/202273NursingGoals1.病人視NursingInterventions一般護理(OrdinaryProvidence)1.病房介紹(WardIntroduction)2.飲食指導(DietGuidance)12/18/202274NursingInterventions

治療配合

(TherapeuticAllia