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語法Grammar定語從句TheAttributiveClauses授課者:李蘭語法Grammar定語從句授課者:李蘭1什么是定語從句?在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句什么是定語從句?在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句2TheladyisourEnglishteacher.TheladywhoisstandinginthefrontoftheclassroomisourEnglishteacher.簡單句復合句Sheisstandinginthefrontofourclassroom.TheladyisourEnglishteache3英語句子的簡單結構I
met
Tom
yesterday
inthemovietheater.I主語met謂語動Tom賓語Yesterday時間狀語inthemovietheater地點狀語英語句子的簡單結構ImetTomyesterd4Task2LearnabouttheAttributiveClause1.ThemanwhoranfastestisLiuxiang.先行詞關系詞定語從句主句HewhodoesnotgototheGreatWallisnotatrueman.被定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞叫做“先行詞”.引導定語從句的詞叫“關系詞”Task2LearnabouttheAttr5關系詞分為關系代詞:which,who,whom,that,whose
關系副詞:where,when,why關系詞分為關系代詞:which,who,whom,6(1)which只能指物,作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略)
Thesearethetrees_______wereplantedlastyear.Isthisthelibrary____________youborrowbooksfrom?關系代詞用法:whichwhich/省略(1)which只能指物,作主語或賓語(作賓語7(2)who只能指人,作主語或賓語(作賓語可略)Theman_________Italkedwithisourteacher.Aperson_____stealsthingsiscalledathief.(3)whom也只能指人,且只能作賓語(作賓語可省略)Theman______________InoddedtoisMr.Li.who/省略whowhom/who/省略(2)who只能指人,作主語或賓語(作賓語可略)The8(4)that指人/物,作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略)Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachine__________canfly.Heistheman.Italkedtohimjustnow.Heistheman___________________Italkedtojustnow.that/whichthat/who/whom/省略(4)that指人/物,作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略)A9Whichhouseismine?房頂是棕色的房子是我的。Thehouse_______roof(屋頂)isbrownismine.whoseMyhouse(5)whose:即可指人,又可指物。在從句中只能作定語,表示所屬關系。Whichhouseismine?房頂是棕色的房子是我10關系代詞(who,whom,which,that,whose)Task2LearnabouttheAttributiveClause指人指物在定語從句中的作用WhoWhomWhichthatwhose√√√√√√√主語主語主語賓語(可以省略)賓語(可以省略)賓語(可以省略)賓語(可以省略)定語=sb’sorsth’s關系代詞(who,whom,which,that,wh11PracticeTimePracticeTime12WhichbabyisJack?穿著紅褲子的baby是Jack。Thebaby___________________isJack.Thebaby_______________________isJack.whosetrousersareredwhoiswearingredtrousersJackWhichbabyisJack?穿著紅褲子的baby是131.Thisisthebag_____mymotherboughtyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.this2.Theman_____livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.A.whomB.whichC.whoD./3.Thegirl_____yousawinthestreetisMary.A.that B.whoseC.whichD.as4.Achild______parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.that1.Thisisthebag_____mymo14定語從句的做題步驟(三部曲)1、首先劃先行詞,區分人或物。2、分析定語從句中缺何種成分。3、根據分析,選擇恰當的連詞。eg:Thisistheplacethat/whichIvisitedyearsago.ThisistheplacewhereIlivedyearsago.分析:這兩句的先行詞都是theplace,由于第一句中的先行詞在定語從句中作visit的賓語,所以選擇關系代詞,如果作賓語時關系代詞可省略。而第二句的先行詞則在定語從句中作狀語,因為live是不及物動詞,因此選擇關系副詞where。定語從句的做題步驟(三部曲)1、首先劃先行詞,區分人或物。151.(1)Thisisthemovie
wetalkedaboutjustnow.
(2)Thisisthemovieabout
wetalkedjustnow.
A.whichB.thatC./D.whom
2.(1)Thisisthewomen
wetalkedaboutjustnow.
(2)Thisisthewomenabout
wetalkedjustnow.
A.whoB.whomC.thatD.
WhichE./
ABCABCEB介詞前置指人用whom指物用which1.(1)Thisisthemovie16ThisisallIcandoforyou2.Doyouhaveanything______youdon’tunderstand?先行詞是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代詞,引導定語從句用thatThatthat5.僅用that的情況(1)ThisisallIcando17I’vereadallthebooks________youlentme.that先行詞被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修飾時,引導定語從句用that。僅用that的情況(2)I’vereadallthebooks______181.ThisisthebestTV_______ismadeinChina.2.Thefirstmuseum_______hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.thatthat先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數詞修飾時,引導定語從句用that。僅用that的情況(3)1.ThisisthebestTV_______19Thisistheverybook____Iwanttosharewithyou。whatB.whichC.thatD.where
僅用that的情況(4)CThevery:恰恰theonlyThesameThisistheverybook____Iwa20總結“代高系”原則+“恰恰”原則用that不用which.必須記住先行詞是物。代--------不定代詞高--------最高級系--------系數詞總結“代高系”原則+“恰恰”原則用that不用which211.Who_______youhaveeverseencandoitbetter?Who,which做先行詞時,引導定語從句用thatthat僅用that的情況(5)1.Who_______youhaveeverse22Weweretalkingaboutthepersonsandthingsthatwerememberedinourschool.先行詞中既有人又有事物時,引導定語從句用that.僅用that的情況(6)Weweretalkingaboutthepers23練習1.Thisisthecomrade:['k?mrid]伙伴,同事______willgotothesouthwithustomorrow.2.Who’sthestudent________theteacheristalkingwith?3.Ilikethepresent________you’vesenttome.4.Thenurse________wetalkedaboutcanspeakEnglishwell.5.Thisisthemostdifficultjob__________we’veeverdone.whothatwhomthat/whichthat練習1.Thisisthecomrade:['k?m246.Thisisthecleverestman_____I’veeverknown.7.Iboughtall______wasnecessary.8.Theoldgentleman______youmetjustnowisafamouswriter.9.Thegirlto______Ilentmybikeworksinahospital.10.All______comearewelcomeThatwhom
whom/thatthatthat6.Thisisthecleverestman_251、Itisinthehouse
Iwasborn.
AthatBwhereCinwhichD/
2、itisthehouse
Iwasborn.
AthatBwhereConwhichD/
判斷句子是強調句的最快的方法是去Itis以及that之后,句子成分仍舊是完整的,則為強調句。1、ItisinthehouseIw26關系副詞的用法關系副詞指代在從句中的作用when(=at/in/on/during/…which)
where(=in/at/…which)why(=forwhich)
時間時間狀語地點地點狀語原因原因狀語關系副詞引導定語從句時,既引導定語從句,又在定語從句中充當狀語。二關系副詞的用法關系副詞指代在從句中的作用when(=at27where的用法:表……的地方,修飾場所、方位名詞。Thisisthehouse.Iwasborninthehouse.=Thisisthehouse
whereIwasborn.先行詞關系副詞=ThisisthehousewhichIwasbornin.=ThisisthehouseinwhichIwasborn.注:關系副詞可等于”介詞+關系代詞“where的用法:282.when的用法:表……的時候,修飾表時間的名詞,如time,hour,day,month,date,year等,在從句中做時間狀語Wewillneverforgettheday
whenwe
jointheparty.3.why的用法:表……的原因,……的理由。ThereasonwhyIcalledistoinviteyoutoaparty.注:區分與關系代詞的區別,只要在定語從句中擔任狀語的,就是關系副詞。2.when的用法:29先行詞在定從中的不同成分,引導詞不同:a.Thisistheplacewhereheworks.Thisistheplacewhich(that)wevisitedlastyear.b.Doyourememberthedayswhenweworkedtogether?Doyourememberthedaysthat(which)wespenttogether?先行詞在定從中的不同成分,引導詞不同:30c.Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichhewent.Thereasonthat
(which)hegaveuswasquitereasonable.注意:不要一看reason就用why,定語從句中注意give,tell,ask等后接雙賓語的動詞。c.Thisisthereasonwhy/for311.Thisisthereason
hewaslateforschoolA.whyB.becauseC./D.Which2.ThisisThereason
hegavemetheotherday.A.WhyB.forwhichC.thatD.becausecA1.Thisisthereasonhewa32一.關系代詞與關系副詞的區別1).a.Thereason_______hemissedthespeechisthatheforgotthetime.b.Thereason_____________hegaveussoundedreasonable.2).a.I’llneverforgettheday____________wespenttogetherinParis.b.I’llremembertheday________westayedtogetheratthattime.why(which/that)when(which/that)Step2.Instructions一.關系代詞與關系副詞的區別1).a.Therea333).a.Isthisthefactory______________wevisitedlastyear?b.Isthisthehouse_________Lincolnoncelived?c.Isthishouse________wevisitedlastyear?(which/that)where解題點撥:看引導詞在定語從句中充當什么成分;若是作狀語,就用where,when,why等關系副詞;若是作主語、賓語或定語,則用關系代詞that,which,whom,whose等。theone3).a.Isthisthefactory____34Thisisthebesthotelinthecity___Iknow.A.ItB.whereC.thatD.Which2.YourteacherofChineseisagentleman____hasrichexperience.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose3.Hesaidhesawmethere,
wasalie.
A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whatRevisionThisisthebesthotelinthe351.Thisisthewoman___daughterisanurse
A.whichB.thatC./D.whose
2.thisisthehouse___windowsfacesouth
A.ofwhichB.ofwhomC.ofwhichthe
D.ofwhomthe
Whose=ofwhichthe
DC1.Thisisthewoman___daught361.(1)Tomissuchastrangeboy__noonecanunderstand.(2)Tomissuchastrangeboy__noonecanunderstandhim.asB.thatC.whomD.which2.(1)Itissoheavyabox____noonecanlift(2)Itissoheavyabox____noonecanliftitasB.thatC.whomD.whichAABBsuchas從句缺主語或者賓語suchthat從句成分齊1.(1)Tomissuchastrangeboy37Isthisthemuseum___youvisitedafewdaysage?
A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld.
A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone3.Isthismuseum
youvisitedyesterday?whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone關系代詞引導的定語從句課件38正確選擇出關系代詞/關系副詞。
準確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、賓、定、狀),也能正確選擇出關系代詞/關系副詞。
1.Isthismuseum___youvisitedafewdaysago?
A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone
2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld.
A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone答案:
例1選D,例2選A。
例1變為肯定句:Thismuseumis_______youvisitedafewdaysago.
例2變為肯定句:Thisisthemuseum__________theexhibitionwasheld.
在句1中,所缺部分為賓語,而where,that,onwhich都不能起到賓語的作用,只有theone既做了主句的表語,又可做從句的賓語,可以省略關系代詞,所以應選D。而句2中,主、謂、賓俱全,從句部分為句子的狀語表地點,既可用副詞where,又因inthemuseum詞組,可用介詞in+which引導地點狀語。而此題中,介詞on用的不對,所以選A。
關系詞的選擇依據在從句中所做的成分,先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時,選擇關系代詞(who,whom,that,which,whose);
先行詞在從句中做狀語時,應選擇關系副詞(where地點狀語,when時間狀語,why原因狀語)。
正確選擇出關系代詞/關系副詞。
準確判斷先行詞在定語從39如果先行詞是theway,而且關系代詞在定語從句中充當狀語,則定語從句通常由inwhich或that引導。也常可以省略引導詞。如:
Idon’tliketheway(that/inwhich)youtreather.我不喜歡你對待她的方式。
1.Yonshouldtreathim(in)theway________suitshimbest.
A.thatB.inwhich
C./D.why
然而試題中的先行詞theway,在后面的定語從句中充當主語。故只能選A如果先行詞是theway,而且關系代詞在定語從句中充當狀語40time之后的定語從句
time作先行詞,前面如有序數詞和last修飾時,引導定語從句不能用when,只能用that或兩者都不用。但前面如無序數詞或last,常用when(有時也用that)引導定語從句。
如:
ThisisthelasttimethatIshallgiveyoualesson.
這是我最后一次給你們上課。
ThefirsttimeIsawPremierZhouwasin1958.
我第一次見周總理是在1958年。
time之后的定語從句
time作先行詞,前面如有序數詞41介詞+關系代詞”結構中的介詞及關系代詞的選擇
關系代詞作介詞賓語,介詞可前置,此時只能用whom.which“介詞+which/whom”的結構。
該結構中介詞的選擇,一要看先行詞;二要看與定語從句謂語動詞的搭配;三要看句意。
Theworld
inwhichweliveissocolorful.
介詞+關系代詞”結構中的介詞及關系代詞的選擇
關系代詞作421.若為短語動詞(即固定搭配),那么介詞不能放在關系詞前面,如:lookafter,takecareof,
lookfor等。
Thisisthebookthat/whichhehasbeenlookfor.
2.關系副詞在意義上相當于“介詞+which”。
IwasinBeijingonthedaywhen(=onwhich)hearrived.
Theofficewhere(=inwhich)heworksisonthethirdfloor.
Thisisthechiefreasonwhy(=forwhich)wedidit.
1.若為短語動詞(即固定搭配),那么介詞不能放在關系詞前面,43定語從句的常見考點:
定語從句的常見考點:
⒈oneof+the+復數名詞后面定語從句中謂語單復數情況:
跟定語從句所靠近的那個復數名詞在數上保持一致,通常用復數。
(但如果這一結構前面有theonly之類的限定語,后面定語從句的謂語動詞則要用單數形式。)
如:
Thisisoneofthebooksthatarerequiredforstudyatschool.
這是學校里要求學生學習的書籍之一。
HeistheonlyoneoftheteacherswhoknowsFrenchinourschool.
他是我校教師中唯一懂得法語的人。
定語從句的常見考點:定語從句的常見考點:
⒈one44“不定代詞、數詞或名詞+ofwhich/whom”引出非限制性定語從句。表示整體中的一部分。
如:
Thereare40studentsinourclass,27ofwhomareboys.
我們班有40名學生,其中27名是男生。
“不定代詞、數詞或名詞+ofwhich/whom”引出非限45限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句形式上不用逗號“,”與主句隔開用逗號“,”與主句隔開意義上是先行詞不可缺少的定語,如刪除,主句則失去意義或意思表達不完整只是對先行詞的補充說明,如刪除,主句仍能表達完整的意思。限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的區別限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句形式上不用逗號“,46限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的區別限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句譯法上
譯成先行詞的定語:“……的”通常譯成主句的并列句關系詞的使用上
1.作賓語時可省略1.不可省略2.可用that2.不用that3.可用who代替whom3.不可用who代替whom限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的區別限制性定語從句非限制472.A.HeisamanwhoIcanaskforhelp.B.Hisfather,whoworksinBeijing,camebackyesterday.限制性定語從句和先行詞關系密切,如果去掉從句,剩余部分意義不完整;非限制性定語從句只是先行詞的附加說明,如果去掉從句,意義仍然完整。限制性定語從句和先行詞關系密切,如果去掉從句,剩余部分意義不48限制性定語從句先行詞是物先行詞是人定語地點狀語時間狀語主賓主賓關系代詞whichthatwhowhomwhose關系副詞wherewhen原因狀語why限制性定語先行詞是物先行詞是人定語地點狀語時間狀49非限制性定語從句先行詞是物先行詞是人定語地點狀語時間狀語主賓主賓關系代詞whichthatwhowhomwhose關系副詞wherewhen原因狀語why非限制性定語從句先行詞是物先行詞是人定語地點狀語時間狀語主賓505.在非限制定語從句中,需注意以下幾點:
①that不能用來引導非限制性定語從句②why不能用來引導非限制性定語從句,應用forwhiche.g.Ihavetoldthemthereason,forwhichIdidn’tattendthemeeting.
③在非限制性的定語從句中,指人的關系代詞作賓語時,只能用whom,不能用who替換,也不能省略Hiswife,______youmetatmyhome,wasateacher.A.whomB.whoC.thatD.whose5.在非限制定語從句中,需注意以下幾點:①that不能51④在非限制性定語從句中,關系代詞有時代替修飾的不是前面的名詞或代詞,而是前面的整一句話。這種關系代詞只有兩個:which,asAlicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,_______cameasasurprise.itB.thatC.whichD.he_______isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What區別:a.which只能放在句中,而as從句則還可以放在句首或句中。b.as代表前面的整個主句并在從句中作主語時,從句中的謂語必須是系動詞;若為行為動詞,則從句中的關系代詞只能用which。如:asweallknow,asisknowntoall,asyousay,asisreported,④在非限制性定語從句中,關系代詞有時代替修飾的不是前面Ali52Wewillneverforgettheday.+wewillholdtheOlympicGamesonthatday.=Wewillneverforgettheday______wewillholdtheOlympicGames.
____which注意區別:Iwillneverforgettheday____________Ispentwithyoulastyear.(which/that)Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelefthere.=forwhichwhenonWewillneverforgettheday.533.在介詞+whom/which結構中,介詞的選擇Iwillneverforgettheday____whichIreachedtheGreatWall.Tellmethetime_____whichthetrainleaves.Thisisthehero_____whomweareproud.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_____shecouldturnforhelp.A.tothatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom根據先行詞來判斷根據從句中謂語動詞的固定搭配來判斷onatofbeproudof;turntosb.forhelp3.在介詞+whom/which結構中,介詞的選擇54ExercisesLookatthelady_______nameisLiLi.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.thatThosepictures________weredrawnbyTomarenice.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.whichThegirl________couldsingwellwenttoEurope.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.whomExercises55經常不斷地學習,你就什么都知道。你知道得越多,你就越有力量StudyConstantly,AndYouWillKnowEverything.TheMoreYouKnow,TheMorePowerfulYouWillBe寫在最后經常不斷地學習,你就什么都知道。你知道得越多,你就越有力量寫56感謝聆聽不足之處請大家批評指導PleaseCriticizeAndGuideTheShortcomings結束語講師:XXXXXXXX年XX月XX日
感謝聆聽結束語講師:XXXXXX57語法Grammar定語從句TheAttributiveClauses授課者:李蘭語法Grammar定語從句授課者:李蘭58什么是定語從句?在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句什么是定語從句?在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句59TheladyisourEnglishteacher.TheladywhoisstandinginthefrontoftheclassroomisourEnglishteacher.簡單句復合句Sheisstandinginthefrontofourclassroom.TheladyisourEnglishteache60英語句子的簡單結構I
met
Tom
yesterday
inthemovietheater.I主語met謂語動Tom賓語Yesterday時間狀語inthemovietheater地點狀語英語句子的簡單結構ImetTomyesterd61Task2LearnabouttheAttributiveClause1.ThemanwhoranfastestisLiuxiang.先行詞關系詞定語從句主句HewhodoesnotgototheGreatWallisnotatrueman.被定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞叫做“先行詞”.引導定語從句的詞叫“關系詞”Task2LearnabouttheAttr62關系詞分為關系代詞:which,who,whom,that,whose
關系副詞:where,when,why關系詞分為關系代詞:which,who,whom,63(1)which只能指物,作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略)
Thesearethetrees_______wereplantedlastyear.Isthisthelibrary____________youborrowbooksfrom?關系代詞用法:whichwhich/省略(1)which只能指物,作主語或賓語(作賓語64(2)who只能指人,作主語或賓語(作賓語可略)Theman_________Italkedwithisourteacher.Aperson_____stealsthingsiscalledathief.(3)whom也只能指人,且只能作賓語(作賓語可省略)Theman______________InoddedtoisMr.Li.who/省略whowhom/who/省略(2)who只能指人,作主語或賓語(作賓語可略)The65(4)that指人/物,作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略)Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachine__________canfly.Heistheman.Italkedtohimjustnow.Heistheman___________________Italkedtojustnow.that/whichthat/who/whom/省略(4)that指人/物,作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略)A66Whichhouseismine?房頂是棕色的房子是我的。Thehouse_______roof(屋頂)isbrownismine.whoseMyhouse(5)whose:即可指人,又可指物。在從句中只能作定語,表示所屬關系。Whichhouseismine?房頂是棕色的房子是我67關系代詞(who,whom,which,that,whose)Task2LearnabouttheAttributiveClause指人指物在定語從句中的作用WhoWhomWhichthatwhose√√√√√√√主語主語主語賓語(可以省略)賓語(可以省略)賓語(可以省略)賓語(可以省略)定語=sb’sorsth’s關系代詞(who,whom,which,that,wh68PracticeTimePracticeTime69WhichbabyisJack?穿著紅褲子的baby是Jack。Thebaby___________________isJack.Thebaby_______________________isJack.whosetrousersareredwhoiswearingredtrousersJackWhichbabyisJack?穿著紅褲子的baby是701.Thisisthebag_____mymotherboughtyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.this2.Theman_____livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.A.whomB.whichC.whoD./3.Thegirl_____yousawinthestreetisMary.A.that B.whoseC.whichD.as4.Achild______parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whoseB.whoC.whomD.that1.Thisisthebag_____mymo71定語從句的做題步驟(三部曲)1、首先劃先行詞,區分人或物。2、分析定語從句中缺何種成分。3、根據分析,選擇恰當的連詞。eg:Thisistheplacethat/whichIvisitedyearsago.ThisistheplacewhereIlivedyearsago.分析:這兩句的先行詞都是theplace,由于第一句中的先行詞在定語從句中作visit的賓語,所以選擇關系代詞,如果作賓語時關系代詞可省略。而第二句的先行詞則在定語從句中作狀語,因為live是不及物動詞,因此選擇關系副詞where。定語從句的做題步驟(三部曲)1、首先劃先行詞,區分人或物。721.(1)Thisisthemovie
wetalkedaboutjustnow.
(2)Thisisthemovieabout
wetalkedjustnow.
A.whichB.thatC./D.whom
2.(1)Thisisthewomen
wetalkedaboutjustnow.
(2)Thisisthewomenabout
wetalkedjustnow.
A.whoB.whomC.thatD.
WhichE./
ABCABCEB介詞前置指人用whom指物用which1.(1)Thisisthemovie73ThisisallIcandoforyou2.Doyouhaveanything______youdon’tunderstand?先行詞是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代詞,引導定語從句用thatThatthat5.僅用that的情況(1)ThisisallIcando74I’vereadallthebooks________youlentme.that先行詞被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修飾時,引導定語從句用that。僅用that的情況(2)I’vereadallthebooks______751.ThisisthebestTV_______ismadeinChina.2.Thefirstmuseum_______hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.thatthat先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數詞修飾時,引導定語從句用that。僅用that的情況(3)1.ThisisthebestTV_______76Thisistheverybook____Iwanttosharewithyou。whatB.whichC.thatD.where
僅用that的情況(4)CThevery:恰恰theonlyThesameThisistheverybook____Iwa77總結“代高系”原則+“恰恰”原則用that不用which.必須記住先行詞是物。代--------不定代詞高--------最高級系--------系數詞總結“代高系”原則+“恰恰”原則用that不用which781.Who_______youhaveeverseencandoitbetter?Who,which做先行詞時,引導定語從句用thatthat僅用that的情況(5)1.Who_______youhaveeverse79Weweretalkingaboutthepersonsandthingsthatwerememberedinourschool.先行詞中既有人又有事物時,引導定語從句用that.僅用that的情況(6)Weweretalkingaboutthepers80練習1.Thisisthecomrade:['k?mrid]伙伴,同事______willgotothesouthwithustomorrow.2.Who’sthestudent________theteacheristalkingwith?3.Ilikethepresent________you’vesenttome.4.Thenurse________wetalkedaboutcanspeakEnglishwell.5.Thisisthemostdifficultjob__________we’veeverdone.whothatwhomthat/whichthat練習1.Thisisthecomrade:['k?m816.Thisisthecleverestman_____I’veeverknown.7.Iboughtall______wasnecessary.8.Theoldgentleman______youmetjustnowisafamouswriter.9.Thegirlto______Ilentmybikeworksinahospital.10.All______comearewelcomeThatwhom
whom/thatthatthat6.Thisisthecleverestman_821、Itisinthehouse
Iwasborn.
AthatBwhereCinwhichD/
2、itisthehouse
Iwasborn.
AthatBwhereConwhichD/
判斷句子是強調句的最快的方法是去Itis以及that之后,句子成分仍舊是完整的,則為強調句。1、ItisinthehouseIw83關系副詞的用法關系副詞指代在從句中的作用when(=at/in/on/during/…which)
where(=in/at/…which)why(=forwhich)
時間時間狀語地點地點狀語原因原因狀語關系副詞引導定語從句時,既引導定語從句,又在定語從句中充當狀語。二關系副詞的用法關系副詞指代在從句中的作用when(=at84where的用法:表……的地方,修飾場所、方位名詞。Thisisthehouse.Iwasborninthehouse.=Thisisthehouse
whereIwasborn.先行詞關系副詞=ThisisthehousewhichIwasbornin.=ThisisthehouseinwhichIwasborn.注:關系副詞可等于”介詞+關系代詞“where的用法:852.when的用法:表……的時候,修飾表時間的名詞,如time,hour,day,month,date,year等,在從句中做時間狀語Wewillneverforgettheday
whenwe
jointheparty.3.why的用法:表……的原因,……的理由。ThereasonwhyIcalledistoinviteyoutoaparty.注:區分與關系代詞的區別,只要在定語從句中擔任狀語的,就是關系副詞。2.when的用法:86先行詞在定從中的不同成分,引導詞不同:a.Thisistheplacewhereheworks.Thisistheplacewhich(that)wevisitedlastyear.b.Doyourememberthedayswhenweworkedtogether?Doyourememberthedaysthat(which)wespenttogether?先行詞在定從中的不同成分,引導詞不同:87c.Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichhewent.Thereasonthat
(which)hegaveuswasquitereasonable.注意:不要一看reason就用why,定語從句中注意give,tell,ask等后接雙賓語的動詞。c.Thisisthereasonwhy/for881.Thisisthereason
hewaslateforschoolA.whyB.becauseC./D.Which2.ThisisThereason
hegavemetheotherday.A.WhyB.forwhichC.thatD.becausecA1.Thisisthereasonhewa89一.關系代詞與關系副詞的區別1).a.Thereason_______hemissedthespeechisthatheforgotthetime.b.Thereason_____________hegaveussoundedreasonable.2).a.I’llneverforgettheday____________wespenttogetherinParis.b.I’llremembertheday________westayedtogetheratthattime.why(which/that)when(which/that)Step2.Instructions一.關系代詞與關系副詞的區別1).a.Therea903).a.Isthisthefactory______________wevisitedlastyear?b.Isthisthehouse_________Lincolnoncelived?c.Isthishouse________wevisitedlastyear?(which/that)where解題點撥:看引導詞在定語從句中充當什么成分;若是作狀語,就用where,when,why等關系副詞;若是作主語、賓語或定語,則用關系代詞that,which,whom,whose等。theone3).a.Isthisthefactory____91Thisisthebesthotelinthecity___Iknow.A.ItB.whereC.thatD.Which2.YourteacherofChineseisagentleman____hasrichexperience.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose3.Hesaidhesawmethere,
wasalie.
A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whatRevisionThisisthebesthotelinthe921.Thisisthewoman___daughterisanurse
A.whichB.thatC./D.whose
2.thisisthehouse___windowsfacesouth
A.ofwhichB.ofwhomC.ofwhichthe
D.ofwhomthe
Whose=ofwhichthe
DC1.Thisisthewoman___daught931.(1)Tomissuchastrangeboy__noonecanunderstand.(2)Tomissuchastrangeboy__noonecanunderstandhim.asB.thatC.whomD.which2.(1)Itissoheavyabox____noonecanlift(2)Itissoheavyabox____noonecanliftitasB.thatC.whomD.whichAABBsuchas從句缺主語或者賓語suchthat從句成分齊1.(1)Tomissuchastrangeboy94Isthisthemuseum___youvisitedafewdaysage?
A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld.
A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone3.Isthismuseum
youvisitedyesterday?whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone關系代詞引導的定語從句課件95正確選擇出關系代詞/關系副詞。
準確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、賓、定、狀),也能正確選擇出關系代詞/關系副詞。
1.Isthismuseum___youvisitedafewdaysago?
A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone
2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld.
A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone答案:
例1選D,例2選A。
例1變為肯定句:Thismuseumis_______youvisitedafewdaysago.
例2變為肯定句:Thisisthemuseum__________theexhibitionwasheld.
在句1中,所缺部分為賓語,而where,that,onwhich都不能起到賓語的作用,只有theone既做了主句的表語,又可做從句的賓語,可以省略關系代詞,所以應選D。而句2中,主、謂、賓俱全,從句部分為句子的狀語表地點,既可用副詞where,又因inthemuseum詞組,可用介詞in+which引導地點狀語。而此題中,介詞on用的不對,所以選A。
關系詞的選擇依據在從句中所做的成分,先行詞在從句中做主、定、賓語時,選擇關系代詞(who,whom,that,which,whose);
先行詞在從句中做狀語時,應選擇關系副詞(where地點狀語,when時間狀語,why原因狀語)。
正確選擇出關系代詞/關系副詞。
準確判斷先行詞在定語從96如果先行詞是theway,而且關系代詞在定語從句中充當狀語,則定語從句通常由inwhich或that引導。也常可以省略引導詞。如:
Idon’tliketheway(that/inwhich)youtreather.我不喜歡你對待她的方式。
1.Yonshouldtreathim(in)theway________suitshimbest.
A.thatB.inwhich
C./D.why
然而試題中的先行詞theway,在后面的定語從句中充當主語。故只能選A如果先行詞是theway,而且關系代詞在定語從句中充當狀語97time之后的定語從句
time作先行詞,前面如有序數詞和last修飾時,引導定語從句不能用when,只能用that或兩者都不用。但前面如無序數詞或last,常用when(有時也用that)引導定語從句。
如:
ThisisthelasttimethatIshallgiveyoualesson.
這是我最后一次給你們上課。
ThefirsttimeIsawPremierZhouwasin1958.
我第一次見周總理是在1958年。
time之后的定語從句
time作先行詞,前面如有序數詞98介詞+關系代詞”結構中的介詞及關系代詞的選擇
關系代詞作介詞賓語,介詞可前置,此時只能用whom.which“介詞+which/whom”的結構。
該結構中介詞的選擇,一要看先行詞;二要看與定語從句謂語動詞的搭配;三要看句意。
Theworld
inwhichweliveissocolorful.
介詞+關系代詞”結構中的介詞及關系代詞的選擇
關系代詞作991.若為短語動詞(即固定搭配),那么介詞不能放在關系詞前面,如:lookafter,takecareof,
lookfor等。
Thisisthebookthat/whichhehasbeenlookfor.
2.關系副詞在意義上相當于“介詞+which”。
IwasinBeijingonthedaywhen(=onwhich)hearrived.
Theofficewhere(=inwhich)heworksisonthethirdfloor.
Thisisthechiefreasonwhy(=forwhich)wedidit.
1.若為短語動詞(即固定搭配),那么介詞不能放在關系詞前面,100定語從句的常見考點:
定語從句的常見考點:
⒈oneof+the+復數名詞后面定語從句中謂語單復數情況:
跟定語從句所靠近的那個復數名詞在數上保持一致,通常用復數。
(但如果這一結構前面有theonly之類的限定語,后面定語從句的謂語動詞則要用單數形式。)
如:
Thisisoneofthebooksthatarerequiredforstudyatschool.
這是學校里要求學生學習的書籍之一。
HeistheonlyoneoftheteacherswhoknowsFrenchinourschool.
他是我校教師中唯一懂得法語的人。
定語從句的常見考點:定語從句的常見考點:
⒈one101“不定代詞、數詞或名詞+ofwhich/whom”引出非限制性定語從句。表示整體中的一部分。
如:
Thereare40studentsinourclass,27ofwhomareboys.
我們班有40名學生,其中27名是男生。
“不定代詞、數詞或名詞+ofwhich/whom”引出非限102限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句形式上不用逗號“,”與主句隔開用逗號“,”與主句隔開意義上是先行詞不可缺少的定語,如刪除,主句則失去意義或意思表達不完整只是對先行詞的補充說明,如刪除,
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