書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東商業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Itisverykindofyoutooffer,butanymorepuddingwouldsimplybe（）.

問題1選項

A.exceptional

B.excessive

C.abundant

D.ample

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。exceptional"例外的;異常的";excessive"過多的;極度的";abundant"豐富的,多產(chǎn)的";ample"豐富的,足夠的"。句意：你給的剛剛好,再多一點(diǎn)布丁都顯得太過分了。選項B符合句意。

2.單選題

Themanager（）factsandfigurestomakeitseemthatthecompanywasprosperous.

問題1選項

A.beguiled

B.besmirched

C.juxtaposed

D.juggled

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。beguile“欺騙”；besmirch“弄臟，誹謗”；juxtapose“并置，并列”；juggle“歪曲，篡改”。句意：經(jīng)理歪曲事實，并且篡改數(shù)據(jù)，使得公司看起來一片繁榮。選項D符合題意。

3.單選題

TheancientChinesethoughtcometswerecelestialbroomswieldedbythegodstosweeptheheavensfreeofevil.IntheWesttheywerebelievedtopresagethefallofJerusalem,thedeathofmonarchsandsuchanomaliesastwo-headedcalves.TheNormanConquestofEnglandwasattributedtothe1006flybyofHalley’s,history’smostfamouscomet,whichhasbeenlinkedtoeverythingfromJuliusCaesar’sassassinationtothedefeatofAttilatheHun.ToldthatEarthwouldpassthroughHalley’stailduringits1910visit,manyAmericanspanickedandboughtgasmasksand“cometpills.”

AlanHalecallsthesewavesoffearandmysticism“cometmadness,”andascodiscovererofCometHale-Bopp,he’sseenmorethanhisshare.Eversincehisfindwasannounced,hehasbeeninundatedwithinquiries,pronouncementsandaccusationsfromthecometaryfringe.

Halehasfoundthatthearrivalofamajorcomet—especiallysoneartheendofamillennium—isstillwidelyregardedasanomenofupheavalanddisasterSeveralChristianFundamentalists,hewritesinthecurrentissueofSkepticalInquirer,haveproclaimedHale-Bopptobeoneofthe“signsoftheendtimes”foretoldintheNewTestament.TheyalsosuggestthatthecometmightbetheobjectdescribedinRevelation8:10asagreatstarnamedWormwoodthat“fellfromheaven,blazinglikeatorch.”Wormwood,accordingtotheBible,destroysathirdofalmosteverything:people,land,riversandseas.Othersclaimthatthecometissomekindofalienmothership“underintelligentcontrol.”

SpeculationreachedafeverpitchlastNovemberwhenChuckShramek,anamateurastronomerbasedinHouston,Texas,announcedonaU.S.radiotalkshowthathehadphotographeda“Satum-likeobject”thatseemedtobefollowinginHale-Bopp'swake.Shramek’sbreathlessclaimelevatedHale-BoppfantasiesfromsupermarkettabloidstothemainstreampressandgeneratedthousandsofpoststomessageboardsandastronomyhomepagesontheInternet.Onefast-spreadingrumorhaditthattheobjectwasanalienspacecraftfourtimesthesizeofEarth.

Halewasbarragedwithreporters’queries,andinanefforttocalmthereporters,heinvestigatedShramek’sphotographanddeterminedthatthe“object”initwasanordinaryeighth-magnitudestar.AfterpostinghisconclusionsontheNet,HalebecamethetargetofafloodofhateE-mail,muchofitaccusinghimofbeingpartofaconspiracytosuppressthetruenatureofHale-Bopp.

Haleacknowledgesthatitwasonlynaturalforourancestorstobeapprehensiveaboutthefieryapparitionsinthenightsky.Butheisimpatientwithhismodemcounterparts,whoshouldknowbetter.“Iaskreaderstotreatalltheseirresponsiblereportswiththedisdaintheydeserve,”hesays,“andinsteadenjoythebeautyofthecometforitsownsake,”

1.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe（）

2.AlanHale’sattitudetowardshiscontemporaryastronomers’sreportsaboutnewlydiscoveredcometsis（）

3.WhichofthefollowingisFALSEaccordingtothepassage?

4.Judgingbythecontext,theword“inundated”inParagraphTwomostprobablymeans（）

5.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat（）

問題1選項

A.Comets,OmensofDisasters

B.TheDiscoveryofCometHale-Bopp

C.AlanHale,AGreatAstronomer

D.CrazyaboutComets

問題2選項

A.contemptuous

B.unconcerned

C.liberal

D.positive

問題3選項

A.ThereareavarietyofexplanationsofComet-Bopp.

B.IntheWest,cometsareregardedasomensofupheavalsanddisasters.

C.AlanHalehasdiscoveredmanyothercometsexceptcometHale-Bopp.

D.ManypeoplewerenotsatisfiedbyAlanHale’sinterpretationofChuckShramek’sfind.

問題4選項

A.relished

B.overwhelmed

C.charged

D.deprived

問題5選項

A.ChuckShramek’sclaimcausedagreatpublicconcernandinterest

B.AlanHaleisnotfondofE-mail

C.Fewastronomersaresuperstitious

D.MostAmericansarenotimpressionable

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。本文首段提到西方人們對彗星的恐懼，接下來主要講了天文學(xué)家Hale對彗星的研究以及受到人們的指控。所以選項C更符合本文主題。

2.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段的第二句“Butheisimpatientwithhismodemcounterparts,whoshouldknowbetter.”但他對當(dāng)代的天文學(xué)家們沒有耐心，他認(rèn)為他們應(yīng)該知道得更多。由此推斷，Hale

的是輕蔑的。選項A正確。unconcerned不關(guān)心的；liberal慷慨的；positive積極的。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。文中只提到Hale發(fā)現(xiàn)了波普彗星，但沒有說發(fā)現(xiàn)了許多其他的彗星，所以選項C表述錯誤。

4.詞義題。根據(jù)原文：自從他宣布了自己的發(fā)現(xiàn)，他就被各種調(diào)查、聲明和指控淹沒了。選項B符合原文。relished品味；charged被指控；deprived被剝奪。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第四段的倒數(shù)第二句“Shramek’sbreathlessclaimelevated...ontheInternet.”Shramek令人窒息的聲明將Comet-Bopp的幻想從超市小報提升到了主流媒體，并在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的留言板和天文學(xué)主頁上發(fā)布了數(shù)千條帖子。選項A符合原文。

4.單選題

Thehospitalisnowdiscounting10standardoperations,________havingababytoundergoingaheartbypass.

問題1選項

A.rangingfrom

B.covering

C.consistingof

D.comprising

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項“從……到……”；B選項“覆蓋，包含”；C選項“包括，組成”；D選項“包括”。句意：這家醫(yī)院現(xiàn)在不考慮（做）10種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)手術(shù)，（）接生到心臟搭橋手術(shù)。從句子關(guān)鍵詞“to”，選項中和to搭配的只有rangefrom...to；所以答案選A。consistof和comprise后面列舉的例子一般用and連接。

5.單選題

Customersmayalsobepermittedto（

）theircurrentaccountsforashortperiodinanticipationofacredititemcomingin.

問題1選項

A.overextend

B.overdraw

C.overvalue

D.overpay

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項overextend“過分張開，過分?jǐn)U展”；B選項overdraw“透支”；C選項overvalue“對……估價過高，高估”；D選項overpay“付款過多，多付報酬”。根據(jù)currentaccounts（往來賬戶）可知B選項符合語境。句意：客戶如預(yù)知有一筆存入款項即將辦理，也可短時期透支其往來賬戶。

6.單選題

Idecidedtoquitthejobbecauseitis（

）tolistentoourboss’sconstantcomplaints.

問題1選項

A.delightful

B.sensational

C.preventive

D.irksome

【答案】D

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。Delightful“高興的”；sensational“轟動的”；preventive“預(yù)防性的”；irksome“令人厭煩的”。句意：我決定辭職因為厭煩了老板持續(xù)不斷的抱怨。選項D符合題意。

7.單選題

Themachineneedsacomplete（）sinceithasbeeninuseforovertenyears.

問題1選項

A.amending

B.fitting

C.mending

D.renovating

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項amending（amend的現(xiàn)在分詞形式）“修改”；B選項fitting“配件，安裝”；C選項mending“修補(bǔ)”；D選項renovating“更新，修補(bǔ)”。根據(jù)句意可知，這個機(jī)器用了十幾年，應(yīng)該是需要修理，所以首先排除選項A和選項B；C選項mending多指修理機(jī)器，D選項多指翻新房屋建筑等，所以選項C更恰當(dāng)。

8.翻譯題

Directions:PutthefollowingpassageintoChinese.WriteyourChineseversionintheproperspaceontheAnswerSheet.

Scientificresearchisbynatureanuncertainundertaking.Likeanyexploratoryprocess,itisnotpossibletopredictwhatonewillfindorwhatitseventualutilitymightbe.Thatisthewholepointofresearch-investigatingwhatwedonotknow.Inotherwalksoflifewehavecometogripswiththenotionofstochasticphenomenathatarenotindividuallypredictable,butcanbetackledasagroup.Mutualfundmanagersdonotexpecteveryinvestmenttohavethesamereturn,nordoactuariesexpecteverypersontolivepreciselytothelifeexpectancy.Thewholepointofamutualfund,oraninsurancecompany,istocreateaportfolioofunpredictableentitiesthatintheaggregateyieldtostatisticalprediction.Givenasufficientlylargeportfolioofresearchprojects,andenoughtimetobringthemtofruition,thetrackrecordisclear:Scienceisatremendous,andverypredictable,investment.

Yetthisisnothowscienceisviewedbythosewhofunditingovernmentorindustry.Therefore,projectsaresubjectedtoascrutinywhollyinappropriatetotheirnature.Themostreliablewaytogetresearchfundsistopredicttheresearchresultsupfront,toguaranteelowriskoffailure,andtopresentaclearandcertainpathfromresultstogreatcommercialutility.

【答案】科學(xué)研究一項不確定的事業(yè)。就像任何探索過程一樣，我們不可能預(yù)測人們會發(fā)現(xiàn)什么，或者它最終的效用是什么。研究-調(diào)查我們不知道的事情是整個重點(diǎn)。在其他行業(yè)，我們已經(jīng)掌握隨機(jī)現(xiàn)象的概念，這些現(xiàn)象不作為個體預(yù)測，而是可以作為一個整體來處理的。共同基金經(jīng)理不期望每一個投資都有同樣的回報，精算師們也不期望每個人都能精確地生活在預(yù)期壽命中。共同基金或保險公司的全部目的是創(chuàng)建一個不可預(yù)測的實體組合，這些實體在總體收益率上是用于統(tǒng)計預(yù)測的。倘若有足夠大型的研究組合，以及有足夠的時間讓它們結(jié)出碩果，這種記錄是清晰的：科學(xué)是一項巨大的、非常可預(yù)測的投資。

然而，政府或工業(yè)界的資助者并不是這樣看待科學(xué)的。因此，項目受到完全不符合其性質(zhì)的審查。獲得科研經(jīng)費(fèi)最可靠的途徑是提前預(yù)測研究成果，保證低風(fēng)險的失敗，并從研究成果向大商業(yè)應(yīng)用的角度說明清晰、確定的路徑。

9.單選題

Beingbothspoiledandlazy,theboy（

）everyoneelseforhislackofsuccess.

問題1選項

A.criticized

B.blamed

C.charged

D.accused

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。criticize“批評”；blame“責(zé)備，歸咎于”；charge“控訴，告誡”；accuse“控告，譴責(zé)”。blame常與for連用；charge后跟for；accuse后接of。根據(jù)“forhislackofsuccess”可知選項B符合題意。

10.單選題

Duringthepastgeneration,theAmericanmiddle-classfamilythatoncecouldcountonhardworkandfairplaytokeepitselffinanciallysecurehadbeentransformedbyeconomicriskandnewrealties.Nowapinkslip,abaddiagnosis,oradisappearingspousecanreduceafamilyfromsolidlymiddleclasstonewlypoorinafewmonths.

Injustonegeneration,millionsofmothershavegonetowork,transformingbasicfamilyeconomics.Scholars,policymakers,andcriticsofallstripeshavedebatedthesocialimplicationsofthesechanges,butfewhavelookedatthesideeffect:familyriskhasrisenaswell.Today’sfamilieshavebudgetedtothelimitsoftheirnewtwo-paycheckstatus.Asaresult,theyhavelosttheparachutetheyoncehadintimesoffinancialsetback—aback-upearner(usuallyMom)whocouldgointotheworkforceiftheprimaryearnergotlaidofforfellsick.This“added-workereffect”couldsupportthesafetynetofferedbyunemploymentinsuranceordisabilityinsurancetohelpfamiliesweatherbadtimes.Buttoday,adisruptiontofamilyfortunescannolongerbemadeupwithextraincomefromanotherwise-stay-at-homepartner.

Duringthesameperiod,familieshavebeenaskedtoabsorbmuchmoreriskintheirretirementincome.Steelworkers,airlineemployees,andnowthoseintheautoindustryarejoiningmillionsoffamilieswhomustworryaboutinterestrates,stockmarketfluctuation,andtheharshrealitythattheymayoutlivetheirretirementmoney.Formuchofthepastyear,PresidentBushcampaignedtomoveSocialSecuritytoasaving-accountmodel,withretireestradingmuchoralloftheirguaranteedpaymentsforpaymentsdependingoninvestmentreturns.Foryoungerfamiliesthepictureisnotanybetter.Boththeabsolutecostofhealthcareandtheshareofitbornebyfamilieshaverisen―andnewlyfashionablehealth-savingplansarespreadingfromlegislativehallstoWal-Martworkers,withmuchhigherdeductiblesandalargenewdoseofinvestmentriskforfamilies’futurehealthcare.Evendemographicsareworkingagainstthemiddleclassfamily,astheoddsofhavingaweakelderlyparent—andalltheattendantneedforphysicalandfinancialassistance—havejumpedeightfoldinjustonegeneration.

Fromthemiddle-classfamilyperspective,muchofthis,understandably,looksfarlesslikeanopportunitytoexercisemorefinancialresponsibility,andagooddealmorelikeafrighteningaccelerationofthewholesaleshiftoffinancialriskontotheiralreadyoverburdenedshoulders.Thefinancialfallouthasbegun,andthepoliticalfalloutmaynotbefarbehind.

1.Today’sdouble-incomefamiliesareatgreaterfinancialriskinthat（

）.

2.AsaresultofPresidentBush’sreform,retiredpeoplemayhave（

）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,health-savingsplanswill（

）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthistext?

問題1選項

A.thesafetynettheyusedtoenjoyhasdisappeared

B.theirchancesofbeinglaidoffhavegreatlyincreased

C.theyaremorevulnerabletochangesinfamilyeconomics

D.theyaredeprivedofunemploymentordisabilityinsurance

問題2選項

A.ahighersenseofsecurity

B.lesssecuredpayments

C.lesschancetoinvest

D.aguaranteedfuture

問題3選項

A.helpreducethecostofhealthcare

B.popularizeamongthemiddleclass

C.compensateforthereducedpensions

D.increasethefamilies’investmentrisk

問題4選項

A.financialriskstendtooutweighpoliticalrisks

B.themiddleclassmayfacegreaterpoliticalchallenges

C.financialproblemsmaybringaboutpoliticalproblems

D.financialresponsibilityisanindicatorofpoliticalstatus

問題5選項

A.TheMiddleClassontheAlert

B.TheMiddleClassontheCliff

C.TheMiddleClassinConflict

D.TheMiddleClassinRuins

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第一段“Nowapinkslip,abaddiagnosis,oradisappearingspousecanreduceafamilyfromsolidlymiddleclasstonewlypoorinafewmonths.現(xiàn)在，一份解雇通知書、一個糟糕的診斷，或者配偶的消失，都可能在幾個月內(nèi)把一個穩(wěn)定的中產(chǎn)階級家庭變成一個新的貧困家庭。”由此可知C選項“他們更容易受家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)情況變化的影響”正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第三段“Formuchofthepastyear,PresidentBushcampaignedtomoveSocialSecuritytoasaving-accountmodel,withretireestradingmuchoralloftheirguaranteedpaymentsforpaymentsdependingoninvestmentreturns.在過去一年的大部分時間里，布什總統(tǒng)致力于將社會保障轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閮π钯~戶模式，即退休人員將他們的大部分或所有有保障的收入用于根據(jù)投資回報進(jìn)行交易。”由此可知B選項“不安全的薪酬”正確。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。定位到文章第三段“Boththeabsolutecostofhealthcareandtheshareofitbornebyfamilieshaverisen―andnewlyfashionablehealth-savingplansarespreadingfromlegislativehallstoWal-Martworkers,withmuchhigherdeductiblesandalargenewdoseofinvestmentriskforfamilies’futurehealthcare.醫(yī)療保健的絕對成本和家庭承擔(dān)的份額都上升了，而且新流行的醫(yī)療儲蓄計劃正從立法機(jī)構(gòu)蔓延到沃爾瑪員工，免賠額大大提高，家庭未來醫(yī)療保健的投資風(fēng)險也增加了。”由此可知D選項“增加家庭的投資風(fēng)險”正確。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章最后一段“Thefinancialfallouthasbegun,andthepoliticalfalloutmaynotbefarbehind.金融方面的影響已經(jīng)開始，政治方面的影響可能也不遠(yuǎn)了。”由此可知C選項“經(jīng)濟(jì)問題可能會帶來政治問題”正確。

5.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。文章講述美國中產(chǎn)階級家庭已經(jīng)被經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險和新的現(xiàn)實所改變，面臨著一系列危機(jī)，由此可判斷B項“中產(chǎn)階級在懸崖上”符合題意。

11.單選題

Inatyphoon,winds（）aspeedgreaterthan120kilometersperhour.

問題1選項

A.assume

B.accomplish

C.attain

D.assemble

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項assume“采取；呈現(xiàn)；承擔(dān)”；B選項accomplish“完成；實現(xiàn)”；C選項attain“實現(xiàn)；獲得；達(dá)到”；D選項assemble“集合；裝配；收集”。句意：在臺風(fēng)中，風(fēng)速達(dá)到每小時120公里。根據(jù)句中“Inatyphoon在臺風(fēng)中”可知“達(dá)到”符合語境，因此C選項正確。

12.單選題

It’shardlynewsthattheimmigrationsystemisamess.Foreignnationalshavelongbeenslippingacrosstheborderwithfakepapers,andvisitorswhoarriveintheU.S.legitimatelyoftenoverstaytheirlegalwelcomewithoutbeingpunished.ButsinceSept.11,it’sbecomeclearthatterroristshavebeenshrewdlyfactoringtheweaknessesofoursystemintotheirplans.Inadditiontotheirmasteryofforgingpassports,atleastthreeofthe19Sept.11hijackerswerehereonexpiredvisas.That’sbeenasafebetuntilnow.TheImmigrationandNaturalizationService(INS)lackstheresources,andapparentlytheinclination,tokeeptrackoftheestimated2millionforeignerswhohaveintentionallyoverstayedtheirwelcome.

Butthislaxnesstowardimmigrationfraudmaybeabouttochange.Congresshasalreadytakensomemodeststeps.TheU.S.A.PatriotAct,passedinthewakeoftheSept.11tragedy,requirestheFBI,theJusticeDepartment,theStateDepartmentandtheINStosharemoredata,whichwillmakeiteasiertostopwatch-listedterroristsattheborder.

Butwhat’sreallyneeded,criticssay,iseventougherlawsandmoreresourcesaimedattighteningupbordersecurity.Reformersarecallingforarollbackofrulesthathinderlawenforcement.TheyalsowanttheINStohirehundredsmoreborderpatrolagentsandinvestigatorstokeepillegalimmigrantsoutandtotrackthemdownoncethey’rehere.ReformersalsowanttoseetheINSsetupadatabasetomonitorwhethervisaholdersactuallyleavethecountrywhentheyarerequiredto.

Alltheseproposedchangeswerepartofanewborder-securitybillthatpassedtheHouseofRepresentativesbutdiedintheSenatelastweek.BeforeSept.11,legislationofthiskindhadbeenblockedbytwopowerfullobbies:universities,whichrelyontuitionfromforeignstudentswhocouldbekeptoutbythenewlaw,andbusiness,whichreliesonforeignersforcheaplabor.Sincetheattacks,they’vebackedoff.Thebillwouldhavepassedthistimebutforcongressionalmaneuveringsandisexpectedtobereintroducedandtopassnextyear.

Alsoontheagendafornextyear:aproposal,backedbysomeinfluentiallaw-makers,tosplittheINSintotwoagencies—agoodcopthatwouldtendtoservicefunctionslikeprocessingcitizenshippapersandabadcopthatwouldconcentrateonborderinspections,deportationandotherfunctions.Onereasonforthedivision,supporterssay,isthattheINShasinrecentyearsbecometoofocusedonservingtouristsandimmigrants.AftertheSept.11tragedy,theINSshouldpaymoreattentiontoservingthemillionsofordinaryAmericanswhorelyonthenation’sbordersecuritytoprotectthemfromterroristattacks.

1.Terroristshaveobviouslytakenadvantageof____.

2.WelearnfromthepassagethatcoordinatedeffortswillbemadebyvariousU.S.governmentagenciesto____.

3.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatbeforeSept.11,alienswithexpiredvisas____.

4.ItisbelievedbymanythatalltheseyearstheINS____.

5.BeforeSept.11,theU.S.Congresshadbeenunabletopassstricterimmigrationlawsbecause____.

問題1選項

A.thelegalprivilegesgrantedtoforeigners

B.theexcessivehospitalityoftheAmericanpeople

C.theirresponsibilityoftheofficialsatbordercheckpoints

D.thelowefficiencyoftheImmigrationandNaturalizationService

問題2選項

A.refusetherenewingofexpiredvisas

B.wardoffterroristsuspectsattheborder

C.preventtheforgeryofimmigrationpapers

D.limitthenumberofimmigrantstotheU.S.

問題3選項

A.mighthavethemextendedwithouttrouble

B.wouldbecloselywatchedbyFBIagents

C.mightstayonforaslongastheywished

D.wouldliveinconstantfearofdeportation

問題4選項

A.hasbeenservingtwocontradictoryfunctions

B.hasbeentooliberalingrantingvisastotouristsandimmigrantsindiscriminately

C.hasover-emphasizeditsservicefunctionsattheexpenseofthenation’ssecurity

D.hasignoredthepleasofthetwopowerfullobbies

問題5選項

A.theymighthavekeptawayforeignstudentsandcheaplabor

B.itwasdifficulttocoordinatetheeffortsofthecongressmen

C.educationandbusinesscirclescaredlittleaboutnationalsecurity

D.resourceswerenotavailablefortheirenforcement

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.【選項釋義】

Terroristshaveobviouslytakenadvantageof____.顯然，恐怖分子利用了____。

A.thelegalprivilegesgrantedtoforeignersA.給予外國人的法律特權(quán)

B.theexcessivehospitalityoftheAmericanpeopleB.美國人民的盛情款待

C.theirresponsibilityoftheofficialsatbordercheckpointsC.邊境檢查站官員的不負(fù)責(zé)任

D.thelowefficiencyoftheImmigrationandNaturalizationServiceD.移民歸化局的低效率

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第一段“很明顯，恐怖分子在他們的計劃中精明地考慮到了我們體系的弱點(diǎn)。”以及“移民和歸化局既沒有資源也沒有傾向去追蹤這些人。”由此可知恐怖分子是利用了移民歸化局的不作為。因此選D。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“給予外國人的法律特權(quán)”，文中沒有提及給予外國人法律特權(quán)，該選項屬于無中生有；

B選項“美國人民的盛情款待”，文中沒有提及，該選項屬于無中生有；

C選項“邊境檢查站官員的不負(fù)責(zé)任”，文中沒有提及，該選項屬于無中生有。

2.【選項釋義】

WelearnfromthepassagethatcoordinatedeffortswillbemadebyvariousU.S.governmentagenciesto____.我們從文章中了解到，美國各政府機(jī)構(gòu)將協(xié)同努力____。

A.refusetherenewingofexpiredvisasA.拒絕延長過期簽證

B.wardoffterroristsuspectsattheborderB.在邊境阻止恐怖分子嫌疑人

C.preventtheforgeryofimmigrationpapersC.防止偽造移民文件

D.limitthenumberofimmigrantstotheU.S.D.限制移民美國的人數(shù)

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第二段最后一句“《美國愛國者法案》要求聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局、司法部、國務(wù)院和移民局共享更多數(shù)據(jù)，這將更容易在邊境阻止列入監(jiān)視名單的恐怖分子（stopwatch-listedterroristsattheborder）。”因此選B。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“拒絕延長過期簽證”，文章沒有提及，該選項屬于無中生有；

C選項“防止偽造移民文件”，文章沒有提及，該選項屬于無中生有；

D選項“限制移民美國的人數(shù)”，文中提及“他們還希望移民歸化局雇傭數(shù)百名邊境巡邏人員和調(diào)查人員，將非法移民拒之門外”但是這并不是美國政府各機(jī)構(gòu)協(xié)同做的，該選項屬于張冠李戴。

3.【選項釋義】

ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatbeforeSept.11,alienswithexpiredvisas____.從文章中可以推斷，在9?11事件之前，持有過期簽證的外國人____。

A.mighthavethemextendedwithouttroubleA.可能會毫不費(fèi)力地延長簽證

B.wouldbecloselywatchedbyFBIagentsB.將受到聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局特工的密切監(jiān)視

C.mightstayonforaslongastheywishedC.可以想待多久就待多久

D.wouldliveinconstantfearofdeportationD.一直生活在被驅(qū)逐出境的恐懼中

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第一段第二句“長期以來，外國公民一直在用假證件偷渡邊境，而合法抵達(dá)美國的游客經(jīng)常在不受法律歡迎的情況下逾期居留，而沒有受到懲罰。”以及最后一句“據(jù)估計，有200萬外國人故意滯留時間過長，移民和歸化局既沒有資源也沒有傾向去追蹤這些人。”由此可推斷這些外國人在9?11事件之前想呆多久就呆多久，因為沒有任何懲罰，移民歸化局也不會采取措施。因此C選項正確。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“可能會毫不費(fèi)力地延長簽證”，文中沒有提及，該選項屬于無中生有；

B選項“將受到聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局特工的密切監(jiān)視”，文中提到“他們還希望移民歸化局雇傭數(shù)百名邊境巡邏人員和調(diào)查人員，將非法移民拒之門外，并在他們抵達(dá)后進(jìn)行追蹤。”但是這是9?11事件后人們呼吁的，9?11事件前文中提到“據(jù)估計，有200萬外國人故意滯留時間過長，移民和歸化局既沒有資源也沒有傾向去追蹤這些人。”由此可知他們并不受監(jiān)視，該選項屬于反向干擾；

D選項“一直生活在被驅(qū)逐出境的恐懼中”，文中提到“據(jù)估計，有200萬外國人故意滯留時間過長，移民和歸化局既沒有資源也沒有傾向去追蹤這些人。”由此可知沒有人去追蹤他們，因此他們不生活在被驅(qū)逐出境的恐懼中，該選項屬于反向干擾。

4.【選項釋義】

ItisbelievedbymanythatalltheseyearstheINS____.許多人認(rèn)為，這些年來，INS____。

A.hasbeenservingtwocontradictoryfunctionsA.一直在履行兩個相互矛盾的職能

B.hasbeentooliberalingrantingvisastotouristsandimmigrantsindiscriminatelyB.在不加區(qū)別地向游客和移民發(fā)放簽證方面過于自由

C.hasover-emphasizeditsservicefunctionsattheexpenseofthenation’ssecurityC.以國家安全為代價，過分強(qiáng)調(diào)其服務(wù)功能

D.hasignoredthepleasofthetwopowerfullobbiesD.一直無視這兩個強(qiáng)大游說團(tuán)體的請求

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到最后一段“支持者說，造成這種分歧的一個原因是，移民局近年來過于專注于為游客和移民服務(wù)（becometoofocusedonservingtouristsandimmigrants）。”因此選C。

【干擾項排除】

A選項“一直在履行兩個相互矛盾的職能”，文中提到“提議將移民局分成兩個機(jī)構(gòu)”，由此可知是提議將其分成兩個機(jī)構(gòu)，并不是一直都在履行兩個矛盾的職能，該選項屬于反向干擾；

B選項“在不加區(qū)別地向游客和移民發(fā)放簽證方面過于自由”，文中沒有提及，該選項屬于無中生有；

D選項“一直無視這兩個強(qiáng)大游說團(tuán)體的請求”，文中沒有提及，該選項屬于無中生有。

5.【選項釋義】

BeforeSept.11,theU.S.Congresshadbeenunabletopassstricterimmigrationlawsbecause____.在9?11事件之前，美國國會一直未能通過更嚴(yán)格的移民法，原因是____。

A.theymighthavekeptawayforeignstudentsandcheaplaborA.他們可能會把外國學(xué)生和廉價勞動力拒之門外

B.itwasdifficulttocoordinatetheeffortsofthecongressmenB.協(xié)調(diào)國會議員們的努力是很困難的

C.educationandbusinesscirclescaredlittleaboutnationalsecurityC.教育界和企業(yè)界對國家安全的關(guān)心甚少

D.resourceswerenotavailablefortheirenforcementD.沒有資源來執(zhí)行它們

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到倒數(shù)第二段第二句“在9?11事件之前，這類立法曾被兩大強(qiáng)大的游說團(tuán)體阻撓：大學(xué)和商界，前者依賴外國學(xué)生的學(xué)費(fèi)，而外國學(xué)生（foreignstudents）可能會被新法律拒之門外；后者則依賴外國人提供廉價勞動力（cheaplabor）。”由此可知如果新法律通過，那么外國學(xué)生和廉價勞動力會被擋在國外。因此A選項正確。

【干擾項排除】

B選項“協(xié)調(diào)國會議員們的努力是很困難的”，文中提及“如果不是國會的操縱，該法案本應(yīng)在這次獲得通過，預(yù)計該法案將在明年重新提出并獲得通過。”這是發(fā)生在9?11事件之后的并不是之前，該選項屬于張冠李戴；

C選項“教育界和企業(yè)界對國家安全的關(guān)心甚少”，文中提到“這類立法曾被兩大強(qiáng)大的游說團(tuán)體阻撓：大學(xué)和商界”，但是并不是說教育界和企業(yè)界不關(guān)心國家安全，該選項曲解原文，屬于過度推斷；

D選項“沒有資源來執(zhí)行它們”，根據(jù)文章可知，并不是沒有資源執(zhí)行它們，而是受到兩大游說團(tuán)體的阻撓，該選項屬于反向干擾。

13.單選題

Althoughwecanimaginelifebasedonsomethingotherthancarbonchemistry,weknowofnoexamplestotellushowsuchlifemightariseandsurvive.Wemustlimitourdiscussiontolifeasweknowitandtheconditionsitrequires.Themostimportantrequirementisthepresenceofliquidwater,notonlyaspartofthechemicalreactionsoflife,butalsoasamediumtotransportnutrientsandwasteswithintheorganism.

Thewaterrequirementautomaticallyeliminatesmanyworldsinoursolarsystem.Themoonisairless,andalthoughsomedatasuggesticefrozeninthesoilatitspoles,ithasneverhadliquidwateronitssurface.Inthevacuumofthelunarsurface,liquidwaterwouldboilawayrapidly.Mercurytooisairlessandcannothavehadliquidwateronitssurfaceforlongperiodsoftime.Venushassometracesofwatervaporinitsatmosphere,butitismuchtoohotforliquidwatertosurvive.Iftherewereanylakesoroceansofwateronitssurfacewhenitwasyoung,theymusthaveevaporatedquickly.Eveniflifebeganthere,notraceswouldbeleftnow.

Theinnersolarsystemseemstoohot,andtheoutersolarsystemseemstoocold.TheJovianplanetshavedeepatmospheres,andatacertainlevel,theyhavemoderatetemperatureswherewatermightcondenseintoliquiddroplets.Butitseemsunlikelythatlifecouldbeginthere.TheJovianplanetshavenosurfaceswhereoceanscouldnurturethebeginningoflife,andcurrentsintheatmosphereseemdestinedtocirculategasandwaterdropletsfromregionsofmoderatetemperaturetootherlevelsthataremuchtoohotortoocoldforlifetosurvive.

AfewofthesatellitesoftheJovianplanetsmighthavesuitableconditionsforlife.Jupiter’smoonEuropaseemstohavealiquid-wateroceanbelowitsicycrust,andmineralsdissolvedinthatwaterwouldprovidearichbrothofpossibilitiesforchemicalevolution.Nevertheless,Europaisnotapromisingsitetosearchforlifebecauseconditionsmaynothaveremainedstableforthebillionsofyearsneededforlifetoevolvebeyondthemicroscopicstage.IfJupiter’smoonsinteractgravitationallyandmodifytheirorbits,Europamayhavebeenfrozensolidatsomepointsinhistory.

Saturn’smoonTitanhasanatmosphereofnitrogen,argonandmethaneandmayhaveoceansofliquidmethaneandethaneonitssurface.Thechemistryoflifethatmightcrawlorswimonsuchaworldisunknown,butlifetheremaybeunlikelybecauseofthetemperature.ThesurfaceofTitanisadeadly-179°C(-290°F).Chemica)reactionsoccurslowlyornotatallatsuchlowtemperatures,sothechemicalevolutionneededtobeginlifemayneverhaveoccurredonTitan.

Marsisthemostlikelyplaceforlifeinoursolarsystem.Theevidence,however,isnotencouraging.MeteoriteALH84001wasfoundontheAntarcticicein1984.ItwasprobablypartofdebrisejectedintospacebyalargeimpactonMars.ALH84001isimportantbecauseateamofscientistsstudieditandannouncedin1996thatitcontainedchemicalandphysicaltracesofancientlifeonMars.

Scientistswereexcitedtoo,butbeingprofessionallyskeptical,theybegantestingtheresultsimmediately.Inmanycases,theresultsdidnotconfirmtheconclusionthatlifeonceexistedonMars.SomechemicalcontaminationfromwateronEarthhasoccurred,andsomechemicalsinthemeteoritemayhaveoriginatedwithoutthepresenceoflife.Thephysicalfeaturesthatlooklikefossilbacteriamaybemineralformationsintherock.

SpacecraftnowvisitingMarsmayhelpusunderstandthepasthistoryofwaterthereandpaintamoredetailedpictureofpresentconditions.Nevertheless,conclusiveevidencemayhavetowaituntilageologistinaspacesuitcanwanderthedrystreambedsofMarscrackingopenrocksandsearchingforfossils.

Wearelefttoconcludethat,sofarasweknow,oursolarsystemisbareoflifeexceptforEarth.Consequently,oursearchforlifeintheuniversetakesustootherplanetarysystems.

1.Thewordautomaticallyinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthewateronVenusistrue?

3.HowwillscientistsconfirmtheexistenceoflifeonMars?

4.Accordingtoparagraph5,whywouldlifeonTitanbeimprobable?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmostaccuratelyreflectstheauthor’sopinionaboutlifeinoursolarsystem?

問題1選項

A.partially

B.actually

C.occasionally

D.naturally

問題2選項

A.Thewaterevaporatedbecauseofthehightemperatures.

B.Thewaterbecamefrozeninthepolarregions.

C.Onlyalittlewaterisleftinsmalllak