書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-大連商務職業(yè)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

TheEuropeanUnioncountrieswereonceworriedthattheywouldnothave（

）suppliesofpetroleum.

問題1選項

A.proficient

B.efficient

C.potential

D.sufficient

【答案】D

【解析】句意:歐盟國家曾擔心他們石油供應不足。

形容詞辨析。Proficient熟練的，精通的;efficient有效率的，生效的;potential潛在的，可能的;sufficient足夠的，充分的。故D符合句意。

2.單選題

Iamwritingthisathomebecauselastweekmyergonomic(符合人體工程學的)chairattheofficefellapart,unableanylongertobearmyweight.Iamwritingitonacomputerthatisproppedontopoftwothickbooks,becauseotherwisemyneckwouldbecrickedasIpeeredatthescreen.At1.93mandweighing...well,I’mnotgoingtosaywhatIweigh,butthinksecond-rowrugbyunionforward...Iamnotbuiltforthisworld.WethereforewelcomeanewreportfromProfessorTimHattonattheUniversityofEssex,demonstratingthattheaverageheightofmeninEuropehasincreasedby4inchesinthepastcenturyandintheUKbyawhopping5inches.Asimilarincreaseislikelytohaveoccurredamongwomen:but,becausethestudyisbasedinpartonmilitaryrecords,evidenceisthinnerontheground.

Theproblem,asHattonobserves,isthattheworldhasn’tkeptpacewithourincreasedheight.Ilongagoabandonedbuses—leveringmyselfintoanarrowseatwasimpossible.Airtravelisalsochallenging.IwasinthebackrowofaneasyJetplanerecently,whichhasevenlessspacethananordinaryseat,andwouldhaveendedupwithaseverebackachehaditnotbeenforsomethoughtfulpassengernotturningup,allowingmetorelocatetoanaisleseatwheretheonlydangerisbeinghitbythetrolley.

Smallcarsareimpossible—Ihavetodrivewithmyheadthroughthesunroof.WestEndtheatersarehopelesslycramped.Asbeforeincricketgrounds:Iwouldundernocircumstancespay￡80foraplasticbucketseatataTestmatch,whereIwouldbewedgeduneasilybetweentwoloud,red-trouseredmerchantbankerssippingwarmchampagne.Asforthoseappallingpinebedswithfootboards,usuallyfoundinabsurdlysmallhotelroomswhereIinvariablygetstuckinthetoiletbecausethedoorwon’topenwithmeinside,theyshouldbebannedimmediately.

Ourextraheightgenerallymeansextraweight.USdatashowthatbaseballplayersareonaverage3inchestallerand2stonesheavierthantheywereacenturyago—andthesearethesuperfitguys.OtherdatasuggestordinaryAmericanshaveadded2.54cmand12.6kginthepast50yearsalone.Weareallgiantsnow—orwillbesoon.Asarepresentativeofthisnewbreed,Iwouldsayjustonething:bewaregardenfurniture.Itappearstobemadeforgnomes.Iroutinelyremovepleasant-lookingbutwhollyimpracticalcanechairs,andonce,whileinterviewingtheactressJennySeagrove,snappedthestringsofahammock-typechairinhergarden.Itisnoteasytogetyourintervieweetotakeyouseriouslyafteryourvastbulkhasbeenplungedsuddenlyontotheirmanicuredlawn.

1.Thebesttitleofthispassagemightbe（）.

2.WhatisthetoneofthewriterwhenheisdepictinghisrecenttravelinaneasyJetplane?

3.Accordingtothecontext,theword“gnomes”(Para.5)mightbe（）.

4.WhathappenedtothewriterwhilehewasinterviewingJennySeagrove?

問題1選項

A.PoorQualityofChairs

B.TroublewithBeingTall

C.EmbarrassmentofBeingRejected

D.DifficultiesinTakingPlanesandBuses

問題2選項

A.Angry.

B.Sarcastic.

C.Humorous.

D.Envious.

問題3選項

A.peopleofvastbulk

B.peopleofsmallsizes

C.representativesofAmericans

D.representativesofbaseballplayers

問題4選項

A.Hesuddenlyfelldownonthelawn.

B.Hepretendedtobeveryserious.

C.Hemadeafoolofhimselfonpurpose.

D.Hefailedtofinishhisinterview

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】第1題:1.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要是作者描述自己個子高，身體重帶來的麻煩，選項A,C,D均為由此帶來的麻煩，選項B概括全面，所以作為標題最恰當。

2.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“easyjetplane”定位到第二段后半部分，作者提到飛機上的座位空間比一般的座位要小,如果不是因為某位體貼的乘客沒有出現(xiàn)，使我可以坐在靠近過道的座位上，到下飛機的時候我可能會腰酸背痛,唯一的威脅就是會被手推車撞到。根據(jù)作者的描述可知，這是一種挖苦和嘲諷的語氣。選項B正確。

3.作者在上文提到“Weareallgiants...bewaregardenfurniture.”我們現(xiàn)在都是巨人——或者即將成為巨人。但是要注意一件事:當心花園家具。說明花園家具不適用于大塊頭的人，那么可以推測，“gnomes”指體型較小的人。選項B正確。

4.根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Itisnoteasytogetyourintervieweetotakeyouseriouslyafteryourvastbulkhasbeenplungedsuddenlyontotheirmanicuredlawn.”在你的巨大身軀突然摔倒在他們修剪整齊的草坪上之后，讓采訪者認真對待你就不容易了。選項A符合原文。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

3.單選題

Asautomationbecamepopularinmostfactories,laborwasmade（）.

問題1選項

A.disincentive

B.redundant

C.diverse

D.discontent

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析。disincentive妨礙活動的；redundant因人員過剩而被解雇的，多余的；diverse不同的，多種多樣的；discontent不滿的。句意:隨著自動化在大多數(shù)工廠的普及，勞動力被了。因此B項符合句意。

4.單選題

Fromthiscoursethestudentsshould（

）someusefulknowledgeinpoliticalscience.

問題1選項

A.require

B.demand

C.enquire

D.acquire

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。require“要求，需要，想要”；demand“要求，請求，需要”；enquire“打聽，詢問”；acquire“獲得，取得”。句意：通過這節(jié)課，學生們應該掌握一些與政治科學相關(guān)的實用知識。D項符合題意。

5.單選題

Theambassadorwasgiventhebookasatokenofthegovernment’sregardforhim.

問題1選項

A.anestimation

B.amemento

C.ashare

D.apreview

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。token表示“象征，代表”；A項estimation“尊重，估計”，B項memento“紀念品”，C項share“份額，股份”，D項preview“預覽”。句意：大使被授予此書，表示政府對他的關(guān)心。因此B項正確。

6.單選題

7.

問題1選項

A.Shedidn’tdoanythinginparticular.

B.ShesendawoundedpersontotheER.

C.ShehadtoworkintheER.

D.Shewentskiing.

【答案】C

【解析】W:Didyoudoanythingovertheweekend?

M:Notmuch.Whatdidyoudo?

W:Ihadplannedtogoskiing.ButIwoundupworkingintheER.

Q:Whatdidthewomandoovertheweekend?

【解析】細節(jié)題。女士說：Ihadplannedtogoskiing.ButIwoundupworkingintheER(我本打算去滑雪，但不得不在設備間工作)。

7.單選題

Agreatamountofworkhasgoneinto（）theCathedraltoitsprevioussplendor.

問題1選項

A.refreshing

B.restoring

C.renovating

D.renewing

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項refresh“振作，恢復活力”；B選項restore“恢復，修復”，強調(diào)恢復原貌；C選項renovate“更新，修復”，強調(diào)整修一新；D選項renew“使更新，使修復”。句意：為了使大教堂恢復昔日的輝煌，進行了大量的工作。由選項意思和句意可知，B選項符合句意。

8.翻譯題

“Intelligence”atbestisanassumptiveconstruct—themeaningofthewordhasneverbeenclear.Thereismoreagreementonthekindsofbehaviorreferredtobythetermthanthereisonhowtointerpretorclassifythem.Butitisgenerallyagreedthatapersonofhighintelligenceisonewhocangraspideasreadily,makedistinctions,reasonlogically,andmakeuseofverbalandmathematicalsymbolsinsolvingproblems.Anintelligencetestisaroughmeasureofachild'scapacityforlearning,particularlyforlearningthekindsofthingsrequiredinschool.Itdoesnotmeasurecharacter,socialadjustment,physicalendurance,manualskills,orartisticabilities.Tocriticizeitforsuchfailureisroughlycomparabletocriticizingathermometerfornotmeasuringwindvelocity.Nowsincetheassessmentofintelligenceisacomparativematterwemustbesurethatthescalewithwhichwearecomparingoursubjectsprovidesa“valid”or“fair”comparison.

【答案】“智力”充其量只是一個假設性的概念,因為智力的含義從來就是模糊的。人們對智力所指的不同表現(xiàn),比對這些表現(xiàn)如何解釋或分類,看法更為一致,但是一般認為智力好的人是能夠迅速領(lǐng)會思想、區(qū)分事物、進行邏輯推理并運用文字和數(shù)車符號來解決問題的人。智力測驗只是粗略衡量一個兒童的學習能力,尤其是學習學校所要求的不同知識的能力。智力測驗并不測定人的品格、社會適應能力、身體耐力、手工技能或藝術(shù)才能。批評智力測試不反映上述情況,就猶如批評溫度計不測風速一樣。既然對智力的評估是比較而言的,那么我們就必須確保在對我們的對象迸行比較時,我們所使用尺度能提供“有效的”；或“公平的”比較。

9.單選題

Thecustomsinspectorwas______forsmugglers.

問題1選項

A.ontheguard

B.onthewatch

C.onwatch

D.onalert

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項搭配不正確，應為onguard“站崗，警惕，提防”；B選項onthewatch“留神，守候，注意”；C選項onwatch“值班，放哨，監(jiān)視”；D選項onalert“提防著，警惕著”。根據(jù)Thecustomsinspector（海關(guān)稽查員）與smugglers（走私者）可知B選項符合邏輯搭配。句意：海關(guān)稽查員在密切關(guān)注著走私者。

10.單選題

Haveyoueverreceived（）ofwhathashappenedtoher?

問題1選項

A.theword

B.words

C.word

D.thewords

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項theword“這個詞；某個特定的詞或話”；B選項words“歌詞，臺詞，談話，言語”；C選項word“消息，音信，謠言，傳說”；D選項thewords“特指某些單詞”。句意：她發(fā)生了什么事情，你得到她的消息了嗎？因此C選項正確。

11.單選題

Thesecontinual（）intemperaturemakeitimpossibletodecidewhattowear.

問題1選項

A.alterations

B.vibrations

C.waves

D.fluctuations

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。選項alteration“修改，改變；變更”；vibration“振動；振蕩；顫抖”；wave“波浪；揮手示意”；fluctuation“起伏，浮動；動蕩；動搖”。句意：溫度上的這些持續(xù)起伏讓人無法決定穿什么衣服。根據(jù)句中“makeitimpossibletodecidewhattowear讓人無法決定穿什么衣服”可知“起伏”符合語境，因此D選項正確。

12.單選題

Agoodemployergiveshintstohisorheremployeeswithoutinterferingwiththeircreativity.

問題1選項

A.freedom

B.assistance

C.clues

D.funds

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.freedom自由B.assistance幫助

C.clues線索，提示D.funds基金

【考查點】語義銜接與名詞辨析

【解題思路】根據(jù)后文“不會影響創(chuàng)造力（creativity）”推斷，雇主的這個行為如果處理不當會影響員工的創(chuàng)造力，原詞hint“暗示，提示”，因此C選項clues“線索，提示”與原詞意思最接近。

【干擾項排除】

A選項freedom“自由”，與創(chuàng)造力無關(guān)；

B選項assistance“幫助”，語義太寬泛，沒有C選項具體；

D選項funds“基金”，與創(chuàng)造力無關(guān)。

【句意】一個好的雇主會給他或她的員工一些暗示，而不會影響他們的創(chuàng)造力。

13.單選題

TheCarnegieFoundationreportsaysthatmanycollegeshavetriedtobe“allthingstoallpeople”.Indoingso,theyhaveincreasinglycateredtoanarrowmindedcareerismwhilefailingtocultivateaglobalvisionamongtheirstudents.Thecurrentcrisis,itcontends,doesnotderivefromalegitimatedesiretoputlearningtoproductiveends.Theproblemisthatintoomanyacademicfields,theworkhasnocontext;skills,ratherthanbeingmeans,havebecomeends.Studentsareofferedavarietyofoptionsandallowedtopicktheirwaytoadegree.Inshort,drivenbycareerism,“thenation’scollegesanduniversitiesaremoresuccessfulinprovidingcredentials（文憑）thaninprovidingaqualityeducationfortheirstudents.“Thereportconcludesthatthespecialchallengeconfrontingtheundergraduatecollegeisoneofshapinganintegratedcoreofcommonlearning.Suchacorewouldintroducestudentstoessentialknowledge,toconnectionsacrossthedisciplines,andintheend,toapplicationofknowledgetolifebeyondthecampus.’’

Althoughthekeytoagoodcollegeisahigh-qualityfaculty,theCarnegiestudyfoundthatmostcollegesdoverylittletoencouragegoodteaching.Infact,theydomuchtoundermineit.Asoneprofessorobserved:“Teachingisimportant,wearetold,andyetfacultyknowthatresearchandpublicationmattermost.”Notsurprisingly,overthelasttwentyyearscollegesanduniversitieshavefailedtograduatehalfoftheirfour-yeardegreecandidates.Facultymemberswhodedicatedthemselvestoteachingsoondiscoverthattheywillnotbegrantedtenure（終身任期），promotion,orsubstantialsalaryincreases.Yet70percentofallfacultiessaytheirinterestsliemoreinteachingthaninresearch.Additionally,afrequentcomplaintamongyoungscholarsisthat“Thereispressuretopublish,althoughthereisvirtuallynointerestamongadministratorsorcolleaguesinthecontentofthepublications.”

1.Whenacollegetriestobe“allthingstoallpeople”（Line1，Para.1）itaimsto_______.

2.Bysayingthat“intoomanyacademicfields,theworkhasnocontext”（Lines4-5,Pare.1）theauthormeansthattheteachingintheseareas_______.

3.OneofthereasonsforthecurrentcrisisinAmericancollegesanduniversitiesisthat______.

4.Americancollegesanduniversitiesfailedtograduatehalfoftheirfour-yeardegreecandidatesbecause____.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethathigh-qualitycollegeeducationcallsfor______.

問題1選項

A.satisfytheneedsofallkindsofstudentssimultaneously

B.focusontrainingstudentsinvariousskills

C.encouragestudentstotakeasmanycoursesaspossible

D.makelearningserveacademicratherthanproductiveends

問題2選項

A.ignorestheactualsituation

B.isnotbasedontherightperspective

C.onlyfocusesonanintegratedcoreofcommonlearning

D.givesprioritytothecultivationofaglobalvisionamongstudents

問題3選項

A.anarrowvocationalismhascometodominatemanycolleges

B.studentsdon’thaveenoughfreedominchoosingwhattheywanttolearn

C.skillsarebeingtaughtasameanstoanend

D.studentsareonlyinterestedinobtainingcredentials

問題4選項

A.mostofthemlackhigh-qualityfaculties

B.theinterestsofmostfacultymemberslieinresearch

C.therearenotenoughincentivesforstudentstostudyhard

D.theyattachgreaterimportancetoresearchandpublicationthantoteaching

問題5選項

A.puttingacademicworkinthepropercontext

B.acommitmenttostudentsandeffectiveteaching

C.thepracticeofputtinglearningtoproductiveends

D.dedicationtoresearchinfrontierareasofknowledge

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段第四句，“Theproblemisthatintoomanyacademicfields,theworkhasnocontext”,可知問題是給學生們提供了太多的學術(shù)領(lǐng)域，也就是太多的專業(yè)課程可以選擇。選項C符合題意。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Theproblemisthatintoomanyacademicfields,theworkhasnocontext;skills,ratherthanbeingmeans,havebecomeends.”，這種教育涉及了很多專業(yè)領(lǐng)域，但是沒有內(nèi)容，技能沒有變成方法，而是成為一種目的，所以這種教育的角度是錯誤的。選項B符合題意。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“…theyhaveincreasinglycateredtoanarrowmindedcareerismwhilefailingtocultivateaglobalvisionamongtheirstudents.”，可知美國大學當前面臨危機的原因是越來越迎合狹隘的事業(yè)心，沒有培養(yǎng)學生的全球視野。選項A符合題意。

4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“…yetfacultyknowthatresearchandpublicationmattermost.”，可知他們認為研究和出版是最重要的事。選項D符合題意。

5.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“…Suchacorewouldintroducestudentstoessentialknowledge,toconnectionsacrossthedisciplines,andintheend,toapplicationofknowledgetolifebeyondthecampus.”，可知教學生們基本知識，產(chǎn)生跨學科聯(lián)系，并且將知識應用于學校之外的生活是他們承諾努力的方面。根據(jù)第二段第一句，“Althoughthekeytoagoodcollegeisahigh-qualityfaculty,theCarnegiestudyfoundthatmostcollegesdoverylittletoencouragegoodteaching.”，可知高素質(zhì)的教師和好的教學也是他們關(guān)注的方面。選項B符合題意。

14.單選題

IntheUnitedStates,thefirstday-nurserywasopenedin1854.Nurserieswereestablishedinvariousareasduringthe（1）halfofthe19thcentury;mostof（2）werecharitable.BothinEuropeandintheUnitedStates,theday-nurserymovementreceivedgreat（3）duringtheFirstWorldWar,when（4）ofmanpowercausedtheindustrialemploymentofunprecedentednumbersofwomen.InsomeEuropeancountriesnurserieswereestablished（5）inmunitionsplants,underdirectgovernmentsponsorship.（6）thenumberofnurseriesintheU.S.alsorose（7）,thisrisewasaccomplishedwithoutgovernmentaidofanykind.DuringtheyearsfollowingFirstWorldWar,（8）,FederalState,andlocalgovernmentbegantoexerciseameasureofcontrol（9）thedaynurseries,chieflyby（10）themandbyinspectingandregulatingtheconditionswithinthenurseries.

The（11）oftheSecondWorldWarwasquicklyfollowedbyanincreaseinthenumberofdaynurseriesinalmostallcountries,aswomenwere（12）calledupontoreplacemeninthefactories.Onthis（13）theU.S.governmentimmediatelycametothesupportofthenurseryschools,（14）$6,000,000inJuly,1942,foranursery-schoolprogramforthechildrenofworkingmothers.Manystatesandlocalcommunities（15）thisFederalaid.Bytheendofthewar,inAugust,1945,morethan100,000childrenwerebeingcared（16）inday-carecentersreceivingFederal（17）.Soonafterward,theFederalgovernment（18）cutdownitsexpendituresforthispurposeandlater（19）them,causingasharpdropinthenumberofnurseryschoolsinoperation.However,theexpectationthatmostemployedmotherswouldleavetheir（20）attheendofthewarwasonlypartlyfulfilled.

問題1選項

A.latter

B.late

C.other

D.first

問題2選項

A.those

B.them

C.whose

D.whom

問題3選項

A.impetus

B.input

C.imitation

D.initiative

問題4選項

A.sources

B.abundance

C.shortage

D.reduction

問題5選項

A.hardly

B.entirely

C.only

D.even

問題6選項

A.Because

B.As

C.Since

D.Although

問題7選項

A.unanimously

B.sharply

C.predominantly

D.militantly

問題8選項

A.therefore

B.consequently

C.however

D.moreover

問題9選項

A.over

B.in

C.at

D.about

問題10選項

A.formulating

B.patenting

C.labeling

D.licensing

問題11選項

A.outset

B.outbreak

C.breakthrough

D.breakdown

問題12選項

A.again

B.thus

C.repeatedly

D.yet

問題13選項

A.circumstance

B.occasion

C.case

D.situation

問題14選項

A.regulation

B.summoning

C.allocating

D.transferring

問題15選項

A.expanded

B.facilitated

C.supplemented

D.compensated

問題16選項

A.by

B.after

C.of

D.for

問題17選項

A.pensions

B.subsidies

C.revenues

D.budgets

問題18選項

A.prevalently

B.furiously

C.statistically

D.drastically

問題19選項

A.abolished

B.diminished

C.jeopardized

D.precluded

問題20選項

A.nurseries

B.homes

C.jobs

D.children

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

第6題:D

第7題:B

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:A

第11題:B

第12題:A

第13題:B

第14題:C

第15題:C

第16題:D

第17題:B

第18題:D

第19題:A

第20題:C

【解析】1.考查上下文語義。根據(jù)句意：美國第一家日托所建于1854年。日托所在各地普遍建立在19世紀的后期；其中大部分都是慈善事業(yè)。thelatterhalf為后半期，這當中half只能和latter搭配，因此選項A正確。

2.考查上下文語義。根據(jù)句意：美國第一家日托所建于1854年。日托所在各地普遍建立在19世紀的后期；其中大部分都是慈善事業(yè)。mostof后面要用人稱代詞，因此選項B正確。

3.考查語義關(guān)系。A選項impetus“動力、促進”；B選項input“投入”；C選項imitation“仿造、仿制品”；D選項initiative“主動權(quán)”。根據(jù)句意：在歐洲和美國，日間托兒所運動在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)期間受到了很大的促進，當時勞動力短缺使得大量婦女就業(yè)。因此選項A正確。

4.考查語義關(guān)系。A選項sources“來源”；B選項abundance“豐富、充裕”；C選項shortage“短缺”；D選項reduction“減少”。根據(jù)句意：在歐洲和美國，日間托兒所運動在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)期間受到了很大的促進，當時勞動力短缺使得大量婦女就業(yè)。因此選項C正確。

5.考查語義關(guān)系。根據(jù)句意：在一些歐洲國家的政府直接倡導下，甚至在軍火工廠里也建立了日托所。Even符合題意，因此選項D正確。

6.考查語篇關(guān)系。根據(jù)句意：盡管美國托兒所的數(shù)目急劇增長，但并未得到政府的任何資助。分析全句，這是一個讓步狀語從句，故應用連詞although，因此選項D正確。

7.考查語義關(guān)系。A選項unanimously“全體一致的”；B選項sharply“急劇地”；C選項predominantly“主要的、占主導地位的”；D選項militantly“好戰(zhàn)的、激進的”。根據(jù)句意：盡管美國托兒所的數(shù)目急劇增長，但并未得到政府的任何資助。四個選項中只有sharply“急劇地”合適，因此選項B正確。

8.考查語篇關(guān)系。根據(jù)句意：然而在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)之后的幾年中，聯(lián)邦政府和地方政府開始采取措施，主要通過規(guī)范化來管理托兒所。本句在語氣上是轉(zhuǎn)折的，要選副詞however，因此選項C正確。

9.考查結(jié)構(gòu)搭配。control與over搭配，其他的選項語義不合題意。句意為：然而在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)之后的幾年中，聯(lián)邦政府和地方政府開始采取措施，主要通過規(guī)范化來管理托兒所。因此選項A正確。

10.考查語義關(guān)系。A選項formulating“規(guī)范”；B選項patenting“取得專利權(quán)”；C選項labeling“貼標簽、標記”；D選項licensing“許可、特許”。根據(jù)句意：主要通過規(guī)范化來管理托兒所。因此選項A正確。

11.考查名詞辨析。A選項outset“開端、開始”；B選項outbreak“爆發(fā)”；C選項breakthrough“突破”；D選項breakdown“崩潰、故障”。根據(jù)句意應是第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)。因此選項B正確。

12.考查語篇關(guān)系。根據(jù)句意：隨著第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)，幾乎各國托兒所的數(shù)量都增長得很快，婦女又一次被號召在工廠中代替男人。與第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的情況相呼應，所以填again。因此選項A正確。

13.考查結(jié)構(gòu)搭配。選項中的四個名詞只有occasion可以與介詞on搭配，其意義也與句意相吻合，句意為：這次，美國政府立即支持保育員學校，于1942年7月?lián)芸?00萬美元。因此選項B正確。

14.考查語義關(guān)系。A選項regulate“管制、調(diào)節(jié)”；B選項summon“召集、召喚”；C選項allocate“分派、分配”；D選項transfer“轉(zhuǎn)移、調(diào)動”。根據(jù)句意“撥款(allocate)600萬美元”。因此選項C正確。

15.考查動詞辨析。A選項expanded“膨脹、擴充”；B選項facilitated“使容易、使便利”；C選項supplemented“補充”；D選項compensated“補償、償還”。根據(jù)句意：許多州和地方團體對聯(lián)邦政府資助進行補充。因此選項C正確。

16.考查固定搭配。動詞care與介詞for搭配，表示照料的意思。句意為：一百多萬兒童在接受聯(lián)邦津貼的日托中心里受到照顧。因此選項D正確。

17.考查名詞辨析。A選項pensions“養(yǎng)老金、退休金”；B選項subsidies“補助金、津貼”；C選項revenues“收入、稅收”；D選項budgets“預算”。根據(jù)句意：一百多萬兒童在接受聯(lián)邦津貼的日托中心里受到照顧。因此選項B正確。

18.考查語義關(guān)系。A選項prevalently“普遍地、流行地”；B選項furiously“狂暴地、猛烈地”；C選項statistically“統(tǒng)計上地”；D選項drastically“激烈地、徹底地”。句意為：聯(lián)邦政府大幅度地削減這項支出，并在后來將其廢止。因此選項D正確。

19.考查語義關(guān)系。A選項abolished“廢除”；B選項diminished“使減少、變小”；C選項jeopardized“危害”；D選項precluded“排除”。與前一句相呼應，前面說“大幅度地削減”，后來自然是“廢止（abolished）”。句意為：聯(lián)邦政府大幅度地削減這項支出，并在后來將其廢止。因此選項A正確。

20.考查語義關(guān)系。根據(jù)句意：然而，讓大多數(shù)被雇傭的母親離開她們的工作，這一愿望在戰(zhàn)后得到部分的實現(xiàn)。因此選項C正確。

15.單選題

Lastyear,thegovernmentaskedtheUniversityofNottinghamtocarryoutresearchontheskillsofuniversitystudents.Thefindingsconfirmthedisquietofemployersatthelackofbasicskillstheyobserveinsomegraduates.Britishuniversitieshaveusuallyadmittedonlythebeststudents,soitissurprisingtoreadaboutthesefindings.

Theresearchshowedthatlessthanoneuniversitystudentinfiveachievesthelevelsexpectedofbright18-year-oldsinallthreeofthekeyskillsofcommunication,theapplicationofnumber,andinformationtechnology(IT).

Somehavearguedthattherearetwootherkeyskillareaswherestudentsmightbeexpectedtoshowsomeability-improvingtheirownlearning,andworkingwithothers.Ifweaddintheseskillareas,theresearchshowsthatonlyaboutadozenstudentsamongnearlytwohundredtestedacrosstenuniversitiesscoredtopmarks.

Notmanyuniversitiesfocusonthesegeneral,basicskills.Indeed,manyuniversitiesassumethattheirhighly-qualifiedifincomingstudentshavealltheseskills.Butaretheyrighttoassumethat?Iftheyarenot,thenuniversityeducatorsmayhavetostartpayingmoreattentiontodevelopingsuchskillsthantheyhaveinthepast.

Itisofcoursepossibletogetagooddegree,evenfromatopclassuniversity,andnotnecessarilyifhaveall-roundskillsnecessaryforoperatinginemploymentandeverydaysituations.SomegraduatesarenotgoodatIT;othershavedifficultyintheapplicationofnumberskills.Manyarepoorincommunicationskillsinspeech,orwriting,orboth.Forexample,manyemployersnotethatevenhighly-qualifiedgraduateshavedifficultyingivingaclearexplanationofsomethingtheyunderstandtoagroupofpeoplelistening.

Achievementoftheseskillsisnotnormallyrequiredinhighschool;however,onemightexpectsstudentstobebetterintheseskillsthantheyare.

TheresultsfromtheUniversityofNottinghamsurveyneedto-betreatedwithsomecare:thesamplewassmall,andweonlyassessedstudentswhocouldbepresentatcertaintimesoftheday;wewerenotabletoassesseveryaspectofeveryskill.(Butevenifwedoubledthenumberofstudentstestedwhoachievedlevel3onourtests-justbelowtheminimumlevelrequiredbyemployerstwothirdsoffirstyearstudentswouldnotnutachievetheseminimumlevels.

Eachofthestudentstookpartinatwo-and-a-halfhourassessmentsession.Duringthissessiontheycompletedpencilandpapertests.Theyalsodidagroupexerciseandpresentation,duringwhichtheyhadtoworkwithothers,andtheneachinturnpresentanoralreport.Inaddition,theywereaskedtocompleteaself-reportquestionnairecoveringtheirknowledgeandexperienceofIT.

Manywouldarguethatbeingbrilliantinanyoneortwooftheseskillsisnotenough,studentsshouldreallyhaveanall-roundabilityinalltheseskillareas.Thestoryismuchlessencouragingwhenwelookatsuccessinacombinationofskills.Onlyaboutfivepercentofthosesampledachievedacceptablelevelsinallfiveskillareas.

Thefactisthatuniversitycoursesvaryagreatdeal.Insomeinstances,theyallowstudentstodoverywellatcertainthingsthatarehighlyvaluedwithintheiracademicfielD.However,thesequalitiesmaynottransfereasilytoothersituations.Manyemployersgotoparticularinstitutions,andparticulardegreesubjectshopingtofindthekindofgraduatetheywant.Thegovernmentisnowconsideringwaysinwhichtrainingintheseskillscanbebuiltintoeverydegreeprogrammedoffered.

Thismaystrikefearintotheheartsofmanyuniversitylecturers,whoarealreadyhavingtocopewithmuchgreaterdemandsontheirteachingandresearchskills.However,thereisreasontobelievethatsomeinstitutionsarealreadydealingwiththeproblem,andwithsomesuccess.Forexample,theUniversityofLoughborough(nearNottingham)hasanexcellentprogrammeinstudyandITskills,andtheUniversitychecksonstudents'skillsastheyproceedthroughtheircourses.Theseuniversitiesnowrealizethatbasicskillsnotonlyhelptheirstudentstolearnmoreeffectively,theyalsomakethemmoreemployableoncetheyhavelefttheuniversity.

1.Whatarethebasicskillsoftheuniversitygraduates?

2.Somearguedthatotherbasicskillslike（）arealsoexpected.

3.Usually,achievementofthesebasicskillsisnotnormallyrequiredin（）.

4.WhyshouldtheresultsfromtheUniversityofNottinghamsurveybetreatedwithsomecare?

5.Howmuchpercentofthesampledachievedacceptablelevelinallfiveskillsareasaccordingtothepassage?

問題1選項

A.Communication

B.Applicationofnumber

C.Informationtechnology

D.Alloftheabove

問題2選項

A.theabilitytoimprovetheirownlearning

B.theabilitytomakeindependentdecision

C.theabilitytoexplainsomethingclearly

D.theabilityofpassingpapertests

問題3選項

A.colleges

B.highschools

C.communication

D.graduate

問題4選項

A.Thesurveyisnotaccurate

B.Thesurveyisnotacceptedbythepublic

C.Mostofthestudentsaretopstudentsintheuniversity

D.Thesurveyonlyassessedasmallpartofthestudents.

問題5選項

A.6%

B.5%

C.30%

D.44%

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞basicskills可以定位到文章第中“Theresearchshowedthatlessthanoneuniversitystudentinfiveachievesthelevelsexpectedofbright18-year-oldsinallthreeofthekeyskillsofcommunication,theapplicationofnumber,andinformationtechnology(IT).”中文翻譯為：研究表明，在溝通、應用數(shù)字和信息技術(shù)這三項關(guān)鍵技能方面，只有不到五分之一的大學生達到了18歲聰明學生的期望水平。可以得知這三項都是大學生的基本技能。因此D選項符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由題干可以定位到文章第三段中“Somehavearguedthattherearetwootherkeyskillareaswherestudentsmightbeexpectedtoshowsomeability_improvingtheirownlearning,andworkingwithothers.”中文翻譯為：―些人認為，在其他兩個關(guān)鍵技能領(lǐng)域中，學生可能會表現(xiàn)出一定的能力,提高自己的學習能力，以及與他人合作?？梢缘弥狝選項符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由題干可以定位到文章中“Achievementoftheseskillsisnotnormallyrequiredinhighschool”中文翻譯為：高中通常不要求取得這些技能。以及“however,onemightexpectsstudentstobebetterintheseskillsthantheyare.”，中文翻譯為：然而，人們可能會期望學生在這些技能上比他們更好?？梢缘弥狟選項符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“betreatedwithsomecare”可以定位到文章中“TheresultsfromtheUniversityofNottinghamsurveyneedtobetreatedwithsomecare:thesamplewassmall,andweonlyassessedstudentswhocouldbepresentatcertaintimesoftheday;wewerenotabletoassesseveryaspectofeveryskill.”中文翻譯為：諾丁漢大學的調(diào)查結(jié)果需要謹慎對待：樣本很小，我們只對一天中可能出現(xiàn)在某一時間的學生進行評估；我們無法評估每項技能的每個方面?？梢缘弥狣選項符合題意。

5.細節(jié)事實題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞achievedacceptablelevel可以定位到文章中“Onlyaboutfivepercentofthosesampledachievedacceptablelevelsinallfiveskillareas”中文翻譯為：在所有五個技能領(lǐng)域中，只有大約5%的樣本達到了可接受的水平?？梢缘弥狟選項符合題意。

16.單選題

The（

）ofelectroniccomputershasopenedupnewwaysofdataanalysisforthescientists.

問題1選項

A.advert

B.adverse

C.advent

D.advise

【答案】C

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A選項advert作名詞表示“廣告，宣傳”，作不及物動詞表示“引起注意，提到”；B選項adverse“不利的，有害的”是形容詞；C選項advent“（重要事件、人物、發(fā)明等的）出現(xiàn)，到來”是名詞；D選項advise“勸告，忠告，建議”是動詞。由“the+名詞+of”及句意可知選C。句意：電子計算機的出現(xiàn)為科學家們開辟了新的數(shù)據(jù)分析方法。

17.單選題

Allsocietieshavedistinctroleexpectationsformenandforwomen.IntheUnitedStates,theseexpectationshavebeenundergoingchangeformanydecades.TodayAmericansliveinaworldofdiversefamilypatternsandconflictingimagesofideallifestylesformenandwomen.Theconventionalnormsofthefirsthalfcenturydefinedasuccessfulwomanasawifeandmotherwhostayedhometocarryoutafullarrayofhouseholdduties.Thehusbandandfatherwasexpectedtostayawayfromthehomemostoftheday,earningenoughmoneytopaythebills.Manyadultsstilllivebytheseexpectations,butthetraditionalpatternisnolongerheldupasanidealtobefollowedbyeveryone.Timeshavechanged;thereisnoreturntoyesterday.

Althoughthewomen’smovementandpoliticalcontroversiesaboutsuchissuesandtheEqualRightsAmendmentandsexualharassmentsuggestthatchangingsexrolesisarecentissue,thisisfarfromthecase.Broadtrendscanbeidentifiedoverthepasthundredyears.Womenhaveincreasedtheirparticipationinthelaborforcefrom18%in1900toover50%today,andtheygivebirthtofewerchildrenthanwomendidinthepast.In1910thebirthratewas30per1,000population;bythe1900sithaddeclinedto16per1,000.Thesetwotrends—increasingparticipationinthelaborforceanddecreasing