書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區的她考研考博-英語-廣元中核職業技術學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Geoffreyhadbeencompletelyexhaustedbutfeltconsiderably

afteramealandagoodrest.

問題1選項

A.refreshed

B.renewed

C.regained

D.reshaped

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。Refresh“使……恢復”；renew“使更新”；regain“恢復”；reshape“改造”。句意：杰弗里已經完全筋疲力盡了，但在吃了一頓飯并好好休息了之后，他重新恢復神氣。選項A符合題意。

2.單選題

Theatmosphereisamixtureofseveralgases.Thereareabouttenchemicalelementswhichremainpermanentlyingaseousformintheatmosphereunderallnaturalconditions.Ofthesepermanentgases,oxygenmakesupabout21percentandnitrogenabout78percent.Severalothergases,suchasargon,carbondioxide:hydrogen,neon,kiyptonandxenon,comprisetheremainingonepercentofthevolumeofdryair.Theamountofwatervaporanditsvariationsinamountanddistributionisofextraordinaryimportanceinweatherchanges.Atmosphericgasesholdinsuspensiongreatquantitiesofdust,pollen,smoke,andotherimpuritieswhicharealwayspresentinconsiderable,butvariableamounts.

Theatmospherehasnodefiniteupperlimitsbutgraduallythinsuntilitbecomesimperceptible.Untilrecentlyitwasassumedthattheairabovethefirstfewmilesgraduallygrewthinnerandcolderataconstantrate.Itwasalsoassumedthatupperairhadlittleinfluenceonweatherchanges.Recentstudiesoftheupperatmosphere,currentlybeingconductedbyearthsatellitesandmissileprobing,haveshowntheseassumptionstobeincorrect.Theatmospherehasthreewell-definedstrata.

Thelayeroftheairnexttotheearth,whichextendsupwardforabouttenmiles,isknownasthetroposphere.Onthewhole,itmakesupabout75percentofalltheweightoftheatmosphere.Itisthewarmestpartoftheatmospherebecausemostofthesolarradiationisabsorbedbytheearth’ssurfacewhichwarmstheairimmediatelysurroundingit.Asteadydecreaseoftemperaturewithincreasingelevationisamoststrikingcharacteristic.Theupperlayersarecolderbecauseoftheirgreaterdistancefromtheearth’ssurfaceandrapidradiationofheatintospace.Thetemperatureswithinthetropospheredecreaseabout3.5degreesper1,000feetincreaseinaltitude.Withinthetroposphere,windsandaircurrentsdistributeheatandmoisture.Strongwinds,calledjetstreams,arelocatedattheupperlevelsofthetroposphere.Thesejetstreamsarebothcomplexandwidespreadinoccurrence.Theynormallyshowawave-shapedpatternandmovefromwesttoeastatvelocitiesof150mph,butvelocitiesashighas400mphhavebeennoted.Theinfluencesofchanginglocationsandstrengthsofjetstreamsuponweatherconditionsandpatternsarenodoubtconsiderable.Currentintensiveresearchmayeventuallyrevealtheirtruesignificance.

Abovethetropospheretoaheightofabout50milesisazonecalledthestratosphere.Thestratosphereisseparatedfromthetropospherebyazoneofuniformtemperaturescalledthetropopause.Withinthelowerportionsofthestratosphereisalayerofozonegaseswhichfiltersoutmostoftheultravioletraysfromthesun.Theozonelayervarieswithairpressure.Ifthiszonewerenotthere,thefullblastofthesun'sultravioletlightwouldburnourskins,blindoureyes,andeventuallyresultinourdestruction.Withinthestratosphere,thetemperatureandatmosphericcompositionarerelativelyuniform.

Thelayerupwardofabout50milesisthemostfascinatingbuttheleastknownofthethreestrata.Itiscalledtheionospherebecauseitconsistsofelectricallychargedparticlescalledions,thrownfromthesun.Thenorthernlights(auroraborealis)originatewithinthishighlychargedportionoftheatmosphere.Itseffectuponweatherconditions,ifany,isasyetunknown.

1.Ajetplanewillusuallyhaveitsbestaveragerateofspeedonitsrunfrom（

）.

2.AtthetopofJungfrau,whichtowers12,000feetabovethetownofInterlakeninSwitzerland,thetemperatureisusually

（

）.

3.Lifeasweknowitexistsontheearthbecausetheatmosphere

（

）.

4.Thetroposphereisthewarmestpartoftheatmospherebecauseit

（

）.

5.Studiesoftheatmospheremayreveal（

）.

問題1選項

A.NewYorktoSanFrancisco

B.LosAngelestoNewYork

C.LondontoWashingtonD.C.

D.BermudatoNewYork

問題2選項

A.about75degreescolderthaninInterlaken

B.about42degreescolderthanontheground

C.warmerthaninInterlaken

D.affectedbytheionosphere

問題3選項

A.containsalayerofozonegases

B.containselectricallychargedparticles

C.carriestheultravioletraysofthesun

D.providesthechangesinweather

問題4選項

A.containselectricallychargedparticles

B.radiatesheatintospace

C.haswindsandaircurrentthatdistributetheheat

D.iswarmedbytheearth’sheat

問題5選項

A.thesourceofthesun’senergy

B.itstrueeffectupontheearth'sweather

C.thenatureoftheauroraborealis

D.howtocontrolultravioletrays

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.判斷推理題。定位到第三段中“Theynormallyshowawave-shapedpatternandmovefromwesttoeastatvelocitiesof150mph,butvelocitiesashighas400mphhavebeennoted.它們通常呈波浪狀，以150英里每小時的速度從西向東移動，但也有人注意到速度高達400英里每小時。再由地理知識“洛杉磯位于美國西海岸，紐約位于美國東部海岸”可知B項從洛杉磯到紐約正確。

2.判斷推理題。由第三段中Thelayeroftheairnexttotheearth,whichextendsupwardforabouttenmiles,isknownasthetroposphere.以及thetemperatureswithinthetropospheredecreaseabout3.5degreesper1,000feetincreaseinaltitude.地球層旁邊的空氣，向上延伸大約10英里，被稱為對流層。對流層的溫度每上升1000英尺，就會下降3.5度。題干中高度為12000英尺，故溫度應為（12,000/1000）×3.5=42度。

3.細節事實題。定位到第四段中“Ifthiszonewerenotthere,thefullblastofthesun'sultravioletlightwouldbumourskins,blindoureyes,andeventuallyresultinourdestruction.如果沒有這個區域（臭氧層），太陽紫外線的強烈照射會灼傷我們的皮膚，使我們失明，最終導致我們的毀滅。”可知與A項相符。

4.細節事實題。定位到第三段中“Itisthewarmestpartoftheatmospherebecausemostofthesolarradiationisabsorbedbytheearth’ssurfacewhichwarmstheairimmediatelysurroundingit.它（即對流層）是大氣層中最暖和的，因為大多數的太陽輻射被地球表面吸收，而地球表面對其周圍的大氣進行加熱。可知對流層因吸收地表熱量成為大氣層中最暖和的。D項正確。

5.細節事實題。定位到第三段中“Theinfluencesofchanginglocationsandstrengthsofjetstreamsuponweatherconditionsandpatternsarenodoubtconsiderable.“依據天氣狀況和模式來改變急流的位置和強度的影響無疑是相當大的。及最后一段中“Itseffectuponweatherconditions,ifany,isasyetunknown.它對天氣狀況的影響，如果有的話，也是未知的。”可知B項“對地球天氣的真正影響”正確。

3.單選題

Studieshaveshownthatworkers’desiretobeacceptedbyco-workerscould（

）themmorestronglythanthedesiretoearnmoremoney.

問題1選項

A.hamper

B.motivate

C.intervene

D.streamline

【答案】B

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。A選項hamper“妨礙，束縛”；B選項motivate“刺激，激勵”；C選項intervene“干涉”；D選項streamline“使成流線型”；句意是‘研究表明，對工人們來說，想要被同事認可的欲望比掙錢的欲望更…。’根據strongly和常識可以確定是‘更激勵的’，所以B選項。

4.單選題

JanewasfairlygoodatEnglish,butinmathematicsshecouldnot______therestofthestudentsinherclass.

問題1選項

A.putupwith

B.keepupwith

C.doawaywith

D.runawaywith

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項putupwith“忍受，容忍”，B項keepupwith“趕得上，保持聯系”，C項doawaywith“廢除，去掉”，D項runawaywith“輕易獲得，偷走”。根據句子JanewasfairlygoodatEnglish,butinmathematicsshecouldnot“簡的英語相當好，但數學不能”可知，B項符合語境。句意：簡的英語相當好，但在數學方面她跟不上班上的其他同學。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

5.單選題

Whenabookgoesintotranslation,allthoselinguistic________getlost.

問題1選項

A.subtleties

B.manipulations

C.suppositions

D.complications

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.subtleties微妙之處B.manipulations操縱，操作

C.suppositions推斷，推測D.complications復雜因素

【考查點】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】空格處和下文的“getlost（丟失）”構成主謂邏輯，說明語言上的什么東西消失了。由前半句“Whenabookgoesintotranslation（當一本書被翻譯時）”可知，翻譯是將一種語言轉換為另一種語言，所以在這個過程中會有一些語言上的精妙之處丟失。subtlety指細微但重要的地方，因此A選項subtleties“微妙之處”最符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

B選項manipulations“操縱，操作”指對某事物的控制或熟練地使用某物，不能和“linguistic（語言學）”進行搭配；

C選項suppositions“推斷，推測”指沒有證據的、推測出的想法，不符合題干的語義邏輯；

D選項complications“復雜因素”指難以理解、解釋或處理的事物，不符合題干的語義邏輯。

【句意】當一本書被翻譯時，所有那些語言上的微妙之處都丟失了。

6.單選題

Coolmusiciansdemandedrespect,andwhen（）didn’tblowup,but,likethepresident,responded（）.

問題1選項

A.attacked...stoically

B.attacking...stoic

C.attacked...stoic

D.attacking...stoically

【答案】A

【解析】語法題。根據句意和句子結構，句子的主語為coolmusicians，when后面的空格應該是指當音樂家受到攻擊時，所以主語musicians和動詞attack之間存在被動關系，用attacked過去分詞來修飾音樂家，故選項B和D可排除。又根據responded動詞，可判斷第二空格應填入副詞修飾動詞，故選項B和C可排除。句意：冷酷的音樂家需要尊重，當被攻擊時，當他們受到的攻擊沒有爆發時，他們就像總統一樣，反應冷靜。選項A符合題意。

7.單選題

I___tocallonyou,butwaspreventedfromdoingso.

問題1選項

A.meant

B.hasmeant

C.wasmeaning

D.hadmeant

【答案】D

【解析】考查時態。根據but之后的動詞waspreventedfrom為過去時態，而meantocallonyou發生waspreventedfrom之前，過去的過去，則時態為過去完成時。在句意：我本想拜訪你，但被阻止了。因此D選項正確。

8.單選題

Tohandlethedelicatesituation,youmustbe______.

問題1選項

A.carefullyenough

B.enoughcarefully

C.morethancareful

D.morecarefully

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。morethan用于形容詞或副詞前，意思為“非常；十分”。根據be動詞后接形容詞確定C選項morethancareful“非常小心”正確。其余選項中carefully是副詞，不放在be動詞后面。句意：要處理這個微妙的局面，你必須非常小心。C選項符合題意。因此C選項正確。

9.單選題

Knowledgeisacomfortableandnecessaryretreatand_______forusinanadvancedage;andifwedonotplantitwhileyoung,itwillgiveusnoshadewhenwegrowold.

問題1選項

A.ingredient

B.reliance

C.shelter

D.inclination

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義解析。ingredient“要素，組成部分”，reliance“信賴”；shelter“庇護，避難所”；inclination“傾向，愛好”。句意：多我們來說知識是舒適而必要的歸宿在我們年老的時候，如果年輕時不開始，年老的時候它就不會給我們遮陰。選項C符合題意。

10.單選題

Alltheceremoniesatthe2000OlympicgameshadauniqueAustralianflavor,（）oftheirmulticulturalcommunities.

問題1選項

A.noticeable

B.indicative

C.conspicuous

D.implicit

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析。noticeable明顯的；indicative表示的，象征的；conspicuous明顯的，惹人注

目的；implicit不言明的，含蓄的，無疑問的。句意：2000年奧運會所有的儀式都帶有一

種獨特的澳大利亞風情，（）他們是多元文化的社會。B選項indicative在此符合句意,

意為“表明他們是多元文化的社會”。

11.單選題

AfterscrutinizingtheSternHitlerDiaries,handwritingexpertsproclaimedthemtobeforgeries.

問題1選項

A.examining

B.judging

C.protracting

D.detecting

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：通過……《希特勒日記》，字跡專家宣布這些日記是偽造的。examine“（仔細地）檢查”；judge“判斷”；protract“延長；繪制”；detect“發現，察覺”。字跡專家只有通過認真檢查才能知曉這個日記是偽造的，因此可知劃線單詞scrutinize的意思是“詳細檢查”，選項A符合題意。

12.單選題

Personalcomputersarenolongersomethingbeyondtheordinarypeople;theyare（

）availablethesedays.

問題1選項

A.promptly

B.instantly

C.readily

D.quickly

【答案】C

【解析】副詞辨析。句意:個人電腦對于普通人而言已不再遙遠。現在電腦已經能被人（

）運用。

Promptly迅速地,敏捷地;instantly立即地;readily容易地;quickly快速地。因此C項符合句意。

13.單選題

Inthisfactory,suggestionsoftenhavetowaitformonthsbeforetheyarefully（

）.

問題1選項

A.admitted

B.acknowledged

C.absorbed

D.considered

【答案】D

【解析】句意：在這家工廠，建議往往要等幾個月才能得到充分考慮。只有選項D符合句意。

14.單選題

ThomasLeech（）averysuccessfulcareerasaphotographer.

問題1選項

A.builtup

B.carvedout

C.foughtfor

D.stumbledon

【答案】B

【解析】動詞詞組辨析。buildup“增強，加強”；carvedout“創業，開創”；foughtfor“為而奮斗”；stumbleon“無意中發現，偶然遇到”。句意：托馬斯作為一名攝影師開創了一份成功的事業。選項B符合題意。

15.單選題

Researchersaretryingtotellparentssomethingaboutwhatkindsofvideogameschildrenshouldbeplayingandhowmuchtimetheyshouldspenddoingit.Anewstudyconcludeswhatyou'vealreadysuspected:Youngboyswhoplayvideogamesdoworseonteststhanchildrenwhodon’t.Researcherswhofollowed64boysfromtheagesof6to9forfourmonthsdiscoveredthatthosewhoreceivedanewPlayStationIIgamingsystemearnedlowerreadingandwritingtestscoresthanchildrenwhodidnotgetthevideogameplayer.Thiscomesontheheelsofanotherrecentlyreportedstudyaboutvideogames,whichconcludedthatkidswhoplayviolentvideogamesbecomemoreaggressiveandlesscaring―regardlessofage,sexorculture―thanyoungpeoplewhodon'tplaythesegames.

ThestudyontheeffectsofvideogamesonschoolworkwasconductedbyDenisonUniversityassociateprofessorsRebertWeisandBrittanyCerankosky,whograduatedfromDenisonin2008.Itiscalled"EffectsofVideo-GameOwnershiponYoungBoys'AcademicandBehavioralFunctioning",andwillbepublishedinPsychologicalScience.

Boyswhoreceivedthesystemalsoshowedgreaterteacher-reportedacademicproblemsatfollow-upthanchildreninthecomparisongroup.Theresearchersfollowed64youngboysoverfourmonths.Parentsofthe64werepromisedaPlayStationIIgamingsysteminexchangefortheirparticipation,plusthreeEratedgames.Buthalfthefamiliesweregiventhevideogamingsystemimmediatelyandhalfwerepromiseditafterfourmonths.Thechildrenunderwentabatteryoftestsbeforeandafterthefourmonthsandparentsandteachersansweredquestionsabouthowtheboysbehavedinschoolandathome.

Theconclusionsshowthat,boyswhowerethefirsttogetthePlayStationsspentmoretimeplayingvideogamesthantheboyswhodidn'tgetitimmediately—39.3minutesversus9.3minutes.(Theboyswhodidn'tgetthegamingsystemrightawayplayedatafriend'shouse).BoyswhoweregiventhePlayStationsrightawayspent18.2minutesadayinafter-schoolacademicactivitiesversus31.6minutesforthekidswhoweren't.Theboyswhohadthevideogamesimmediatelyachievedlowerreadingandwritingtestscoresthanthosewhodidn't.ButthePlayStationsseemedtohavenoeffectontheboys'mathandproblemsolvingskills.

CerankoskysaidinastatementontheDenisonUniversityWebsitethatthereisn’t"necessarilysomethinginherentinvideogamesthatnegativelyaffectkids.""It'sanactivitythatdetractsfromtimethatcouldbespentonschoolwork,”shesaid.Ifyouarewonderingwhyweneededastudytotellusthat,theresearcherssaythatconventionalwisdomisnotalwaysaccurate,anditisimportanttoprovesuchbeliefsthroughexperimentation.

1.ThefirstparagraphimpliesthatEvaluationisneededbeforebuyingchildrenvideogames.T/F

2.Accordingtoresearchers,anewPlayStationIIgamingsystemhelpedstudentsimprovetheirreadingandwritingtestscores.T/F

3.Theeffectonyounggirlswhoplayviolentvideogamesprovestobelessseriousthanthatonyoungboyswhoplaythesameviolentvideogames.T/F

4.ThetworesearchersontheeffectsofvideogamesonschoolworkareDenisonUniversitygraduates.T/F

5.Parentsofthe64boyswhowerechosenforthestudywereimmediatelygivenaPlayStationIIgamingsysteminexchangefortheirparticipation.T/F

6.The64boyschosenweregivenaseriesoftestsbeforeandafterthefour-monthsresearch.T/F

7.Theboyswhodidn'tgetthegamingsystemrightawayplayedatafriend'shouse,buttheyplayeditforamuchshortertime.T/F

8.Theboyswhohadthevideogamesimmediatelyachievedmuchlowertestscoresonmaththanthosewhodidn't.T/F

9.Thestudyshowsifkidsspentthetimeonschoolworkthattheywastedongames,theycoulddobetteronreadingandwriting.T/F

10.Theresearcherssaythatconventionalwisdomisnotalwayscorrect.T/F

問題1選項

A.T

B.F

問題2選項

A.T

B.F

問題3選項

A.T

B.F

問題4選項

A.T

B.F

問題5選項

A.T

B.F

問題6選項

A.T

B.F

問題7選項

A.T

B.F

問題8選項

A.T

B.F

問題9選項

A.T

B.F

問題10選項

A.T

B.F

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:B

第6題:A

第7題:A

第8題:B

第9題:A

第10題:A

【解析】1.第一段提到“Anewstudyconcludeswhatyou'vealreadysuspected:Youngboyswhoplayvideogamesdoworseonteststhanchildrenwhodon’t.一項新的研究證實了人們懷疑的事情：玩電子游戲的男孩在測試中比不玩電子游戲的孩子考試成績更差。”可推斷“在為小孩買電子游戲前需要進行評估”陳述正確。

2.第一段提到“...whoreceivedanewPlayStationIIgamingsystemearnedlowerreadingandwritingtestscoresthanchildrenwhodidnotgetthevideogameplayer.收到新的PlayStationII游戲系統的孩子比沒有收到該游戲系統的孩子在閱讀和寫作測試上的得分較低”可推斷“研究者稱新的PlayStationII游戲系統幫助學生提高了閱讀和寫作測試的得分”的陳述不正確。

3.第一段提到“…kidswhoplayviolentvideogamesbecomemoreaggressiveandlesscaring—regardlessofage,sexorculture~thanyoungpeoplewhodon'tplaythesegames.……玩暴力電子游戲的孩子不論年齡、性別或文化背景相比沒有玩這些游戲的孩子會變得更有侵略性、更沒有同情心”可知“暴力游戲對小孩的影響不分性別”，故該陳述“事實證明，對玩暴力電子游戲的年輕女孩的影響不如玩同樣暴力電子游戲的年輕男孩嚴重。”不正確。

4.第二段提到“DenisonUniversityassociateprofessorsRebertWeisandBrittanyCerankosky,whograduatedfromDenisonin2008丹尼森大學副教授RebertWeis和在2008年畢業于丹尼森大學的BrittanyCerankosky”。“whograduatedfromDenisonin2008.”只是BrittanyCerankosky的后置定語，由此可推斷“RebertWeis和BrittanyCerankosky兩位研究人員并不都是丹尼森大學的畢業生”，故該陳述不正確。

5.第三段提到“Buthalfthefamiliesweregiventhevideogamingsystemimmediatelyandhalfwerepromiseditafterfourmonths.但是，一半的家庭是馬上給予這個視頻游戲系統，而另外一半的家庭是許諾在四個月以后給予該視頻游戲系統”可推斷該陳述“這64名被選中的參加這項研究的孩子父母立即獲得了PlayStationII游戲系統，以此作為孩子們參與的條件。”不正確。

6.第三段提到“Thechildrenunderwentabatteryoftestsbeforeandafterthefourmonths...孩子們在四個月前后接受了一系列的測試”可推斷該陳述“這64名被選中的男孩在四個月的研究前后接受了一系列測試。”正確。

7.倒數第二段第一-句提到“首先得到PlayStations游戲系統的小孩相比沒有馬上得到該游戲系統的小孩花更多時間玩視頻游戲，前者花在游戲上的時間是39.3分鐘，而在朋友家玩游戲的后者用在游戲上的時間是9.3分鐘”，可推斷該陳述“盡管那些沒有馬上拿到游戲系統的男孩在朋友家玩，但他們玩的時間要短得多”正確。

8.倒數第二段提到“ButthePlayStationsseemedtohavenoeffectontheboys'mathandproblemsolvingskills.但是，PlayStations視頻游戲系統似乎對男孩的數學成績和解決問題的能力沒有影響。”可推斷該陳述“馬上得到視頻游戲的男孩相比沒有得到視頻游戲的那些男孩取得更低的數學測試得分”不正確。

9.最后一段提到“thereisn’tnecessarilysomethinginherentinvideogamesthatnegativelyaffectkids視頻游戲本身并沒有對小孩產生負面影響的東西”、“It'sanactivitythatdetractsfromtimethatcouldbespentonschoolwork.它(即視頻游戲)這是一項活動，它減少了可以花在功課上的時間”可推斷該陳述“這項研究表明，如果孩子們把時間花在學習上，而不是浪費在游戲上，他們的閱讀和寫作可以更好。”正確。

10.最后一段提到“…theresearcherssaythatconventionalwisdomisnotalwaysaccurate,anditisimportanttoprovesuchbeliefsthroughexperimentation.研究人員說，傳統的智慧并不總是準確的，通過實驗來驗證這些觀點很重要。”可推斷該陳述“研究人員認為傳統智慧并不總是正確”正確。

16.單選題

Ifyouexplainedthesituationtoyoursolicitor,he（）abletoadviseyoumuchbetterthanIcan.

問題1選項

A.wouldbe

B.willhavebeen

C.was

D.were

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：如果你向你的律師解釋情況，他能給你的建議比我好得多。此句表示對現在的虛擬，與現在事實相反的虛擬語氣結構是：從句：If+主語+動詞一般過去時，主句:主語+should/would/might/could+do。因此A項正確。

17.單選題

Therewas（

）thatwewereinafix,aswehadnofoodinthecoachandnowater.

問題1選項

A.nodenying

B.notdenying

C.nottobedenied

D.nodenial

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定句型。thereis/wasnodoingsth....意為“無法，不能”。

句意：不可否認我們陷入了困境，因為車上沒有食物也沒有水。

18.單選題

Withthedevelopmentofinternationaltrade,aninternationalmediumofexchangeisrequired.Fromthelate1800suntilWorldWarI,mostcountriesoperatedonthegoldstandard.Goldcoinsofstandardspecificationscirculatedfreelybetweencountries,makinggoldineffectaninternationalcurrency.Thissystemprovidedanautomaticcorrectionforsometradeimbalances,butithadlittleliquidity(themoneysupplycouldnotexpandasrapidlyasrequiredbyexpandingtrade),anditwasvulnerablytoshort-termchangesinthegoldsupply.

Afterthefinancialstabilityofthe1930s，theinternationalmonetarysystemwasre-builtfollowingWorldWarIIonthegold-exchangestandard.ThevaluesofmostnationalcurrencieswerefixedinrelationtotheUSdollar,reserveswerekeptindollars,whichwouldbeexchangedondemandforgoldatasetprice($35anounceuntil1968).TheInternationalMonetaryFund,akeyinstitutionsetupunderthissystem,makesinternationalloanswithcapitalsubscribedbyitsmembers,whichincludemostnoncommuniststates.Votingrightsareproportionaltotheamountssubscribed.TheIMFhasbeenable,throughitsloans,tostabilizefluctuatingcurrenciesandtoinfluencetheinternalfinancialpoliciesofrecipientcountries,afrequentlycriticizedpractice.

Thesuccessofthegoldexchangestandard,however,dependedonthesuperiorpositionoftheUSinworldtrade.Inthe1960s,continualbalancepaymentsdeficitsloweredUSgoldreservesandfatallyunderminedthesystem.In1968atwo-tieredsystemwasadopted.Governmentbanksmaintainedafixedgoldprice,whilenonegovernmentalbuyerstradedfreely.Simultaneously,non-dollarspecialdrawingrightwereassignedtoIMFmembersinproportiontotheircontributions.Butthesechangesdidn’trelievethestrainontheUSdollar.In1971PresidentRichardNixonannouncedthatdollarswouldnolongerautomaticallybeexchangedforgold,andsincethentherehasbeennosingleinternationalmonetarystandard.

1.SinceWorldWarIItheinternationalmonetarysystemhasshownanoveralltrendtoward（

）.

2.Thereasonwhythegoldstandardhadlimitedliquidityisprobablebecause

（

）.

3.Thegold-exchangestandarddiffersfromthegoldstandardinthat（

）.

問題1選項

A.greatercentralizecontrolofworldtrade.

B.tryingthevalueofworldcurrenciesratherthanthevalueofgoldsupply

C.increasinglystablecurrencies

D.substitutingseveraldifferentmonetarystandardsforasingleunifiedstandard

問題2選項

A.themoneysupplycouldnotincreasefasterthanthetrade

B.themoneysupplyvariedindependentlyofthegoldsupply

C.itwasimpossibletoconvertthecurrencyofonecountryintothatofanother

D.anation’scurrencycouldnotbefreelyconvertedintogold

問題3選項

A.itdoesnotestablishagenerallyacceptedinternationalmediumofexchange

B.itestablishesnorelationshipbetweenthevalueofagivencurrencyandthevalueofgold

C.therelationshipitestablishesbetweenthevalueofanycurrencyandwhateverthevalueofgoldisindirectratherthandirect.

D.itisatwo-tieredratherthanasingle-tieredsystem.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。結合全文內容可知，原文第一段講了金本位制下黃金作為國際貨幣的不足之處；第二段提到國際貨幣體系取代黃金作為國際貨幣交換的媒介；再根據第三段最后一句“sincethentherehasbeennosingleinternationalmonetarystandard.從那時起，就沒有單一的國際貨幣標準。”也就是說出現了多種貨幣體系來代替統一的標準，選項D符合原文。

2.細節事實題。根據第一段最后一句“butithadlittleliquidity(themoneysupplycouldnotexpandasrapidlyasrequiredbyexpandingtrade).但它幾乎沒有流動性(貨幣供應不能像擴大貿易所需要的那樣迅速擴張)。”由此可知，選項A符合原文。

3.判斷推理題。根據第二段第二句“ThevaluesofmostnationalcurrencieswerefixedinrelationtotheUSdollar,reserveswerekeptindollars,whichwouldbeexchangedondemandforgoldatasetprice.大多數國家貨幣的價值與美元掛鉤是固定的，外匯儲備以美元形式保存，這些美元將在黃金需求時以固定價格兌換。”由此可知，金匯兌本位制區別于金本位制是由于它在任何貨幣價值和黃金價值之間所建立的關系不是直接的，而是間接的。所以選項C符合原文。

19.單選題

Havinga(n)（）attitudetowardspeoplewithdifferentideasisanindicationthatonehasbeenwelleducated.

問題1選項

A.analytical

B.bearable

C.elastic

D.tolerant

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。analytical“分析的，解析的”；bearable“可忍受的”；elastic“有彈性的”；tolerant“寬容的，容忍的”。句意：一個人如果對持不同觀點的人持寬容的態度，說明他受過良好的教育。選項D符合題意。

20.單選題

ThefirstcoinstoappearintheWesternworldwereissuedbytheLydiansandtheIonianGreeksintheeighthcenturyB.C.Thesecoins,whichweremadeofelectrum,anaturalcombinationofgoldandsilver,wereirregularinweightandqualityandapparentlyofprivateissue.ThepuregoldandsilvercoinswithrelatedvalueswhichappearedduringthereignofCroesus(560-546B.C)providethefirstundoubtedevidenceofstandardcoinagebystateauthority.Thecoinswerenotperfectlyshaped,however,fortheywerestruckwithahand-wieldedhammer.Thetrendtowardcompletemathematicalsymmetrydidnot,infact,beginuntilthecoiningpress,inventedbyLeonardodaVinciinthesixteenthcentury,wasgenerallyadoptedinthemiddleoftheseventeenthcentury.

Oneshouldnotassume,however,thatonlymachine-madecoinsareprizedfortheirworkmanship.ThesilverdekadrachmfromSyracuse,struckabout413B.C.,isconsideredoneofthefinestGreekcoinsandisworthmorethanathousanddollarstoday.AnartisticmasterpieceofamuchlaterperiodisthesilvertalermintedinRatisbon,southernGermany,in1754.

Thevalueofacoinisnotprimarilydeterminedbyitsage,asmanypeopleseemtothink.ManyGreekandRomancoinsthatwereissuedinabundancecanbepurchasedforamoderateprice.Ontheotherhand,aGermancoinmadeofshrapnelduringtheFirstWorldWarisveryrareandvaluable.AmongtheespeciallyrareUnitedStatescoinsarethe1804silverdollar,the1822five-dollargoldpiece,andthe1894silverdime.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmayNOTberightaboutthecoinsmadeinLydiaduringthereignofCroesus?

2.TheauthorityspecificallymentionsallofthefollowingspecificfeaturesoftheSyracusedekadrachmEXCEPTits（

）.

3.TheauthormakesitclearthattheSyracusandekadrachmandtheGermantalermentionedinthepassageare

（

）.

4.LeonardodeVinciismentionedinthepassageinconnectionwith

（

）.

5.Theauthormakesitclearthatcoinsmadebymachineare（

）.

問題1選項

A.Theywereissuedbythegovernment

B.Theyweregivenstandardvalues

C.Theywereallofequalpurity

D.Theywereallalikeinshape

問題2選項

A.appearance

B.scarcity

C.value

D.age

問題3選項

A.handmadeWesterncoins

B.worthaboutathousanddollarseachtoday

C.madeoutofdifferentmetals

D.notedfortheircraftsmanship

問題4選項

A.thefirstgovernmentissueofcoins

B.theartisticaspectofcoinmaking

C.coinsissuedinthesixteenthcentury

D.theproductionofuniformcoins

問題5選項

A.usuallyofgreatervaluethanhandmadecoins

B.moreuniforminsizeandshapethanhandmadecoins

C.availableinlargequantitiesthanhandmadecoins

D.generallysuperiorinworkmanshiptohandmadecoins

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細節事實題。由文章第一段中的ThepuregoldandsilvercoinswithrelatedvalueswhichappearedduringthereignofCroesusprovidethefirstundoubtedevidenceofstandardcoinagebystateauthority.（克里薩斯國王統治時期出現的具有相關價值的純金和銀幣，為國家當局提供了第一個毫無疑問的標準鑄幣證據）可知A、B、C的選項正確，因此選D。

2.細節事實題。由文章第一段中的Thecoinswerenotperfectlyshaped,however,fortheywerestruckwithahand-wieldedhammer.（然而，這些硬幣的形狀并不完美，因為它們是用手握著的錘子敲打的）和第二段中的ThesilverdekadrachmfromSyracuse,struckabout413B.C.,isconsideredoneofthefinestGreekcoinsandisworthmorethanathousanddollarstoday.（來自希臘庫扎的銀質硬幣鑄造于公元前413年，被認為是希臘最好的硬幣之一，價值超過1000美元）可知提到了這個銀幣的不足、價值以及年齡，因此選A。

3.細節事實題。文章第二段句首提到Oneshouldnotassume,however,thatonlymachine-madecoinsareprizedfortheirworkmanship.（然而，人們不應該認為只有機器制造的硬幣才是有價值的），緊接著以theSyracusandekadrachmandtheGermantaler舉例，是為了說明手工制作的硬幣具有很大的價值，因此選D。

4.細節事實題。由文章第一段中的Thetrendtowardcompletemathematicalsymmetrydidnot,infact,beginuntilthecoiningpress,inventedbyLeonardodaVinciinthesixteenthcentury（事實上，完全數學對稱的趨勢直到十六世紀萊昂納多?達?芬奇發明的印壓機才開始）可知B選項“硬幣制作的工藝”符合題意。

5.細節事實題。由文章第一段中的Thecoinswerenotperfectlyshaped,however,fortheywerestruckwithahand-wieldedhammer.（然而，這些硬幣的形狀并不完美，因為它們是用手握著的錘子敲打的）可知以前手工制作的硬幣在形狀大小存在不足，機械制造出來的銀幣其形狀大小是統一的，因此選B。

21.單選題

Therehavebeensomespeculationsattimesastowhowilltakeoverthecompany.

問題1選項

A.onoccasion

B.atpresent

C.bynow

D.forsure

【答案】A

【解析】短語辨析。句意:有時要多方思考由誰來接管公司。

onoccasion有時，偶爾。atpresent目前，現在。bynow至今。forsure確實，肯定地。attimes:有時，偶爾。故選A。

22.單選題

Starstwinkle（）theturbulentstateoftheairthroughwhichtheirlightpasses.

問題1選項

A.inspiteof

B.asaresultof

C.inadditionto

D.withregardto

【答案】B

【解析】句意:星星的閃爍是由星光穿過湍流狀態的空氣而形成的。

考查短語辨析。inspiteof盡管，不管，不顧；asaresultof因此，由于；inadditionto除…之外；withregardto關于，至于。因此B符合句意。

23.單選題

Youmayput（）onthewheeltomakeitturnmoreeasily.

問題1選項

A.fat

B.grease

C.oil

D.cream

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。fat“脂肪”；grease“油脂，潤滑油”；oil“石油，油畫材料”；cream“奶油，乳脂”。根據句意可知，涂在輪子上的應該是潤滑油，所以選項B正確。

24.單選題

Duringtheracesthereweretwoaccidentstomotor-cyclistsincludingone（）ac