1、12022/10/112022/9/28一、 完形填空的特點(diǎn)是什么？ 完形填空是一種旨在考查學(xué)生語法和詞匯知識綜合運(yùn)用能力的典型題。文中平均每隔25個(gè)詞左右設(shè)空。學(xué)生通過推理判斷，綜合分析等將答案填入空白處，使短文前后連貫、意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整合理。 它的一個(gè)顯著特點(diǎn)就是突出語篇，即重在文意的干擾，把具體的語言知識融進(jìn)具體的語言情境中去，考查學(xué)生通過上下文對整體文意進(jìn)行把握的能力。22022/10/1一、 完形填空的特點(diǎn)是什么？ 完形填空是一種旨在考查（一）從文章結(jié)構(gòu)看首句通常不設(shè)空，以便考生對短文前提和背景有個(gè)較清楚的了解，從而使考生盡快熟悉語境、推測文章大意。2. 短文設(shè)空平均密度為25個(gè)單

2、詞一個(gè)空。二、 完形填空的設(shè)定規(guī)律有哪些？32022/10/1（一）從文章結(jié)構(gòu)看首句通常不設(shè)空，以便考生對短文前提和背景有（二）從語言層次看 考點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)對把握語段的要求在提高。我們可以把考點(diǎn)分為三個(gè)層次，即句子層次、句群層次和語篇層次.句子層次的設(shè)空例：When I was thirteen 46 old, my father found a job in the city. A. days B. weeks C. months D. years答案： D指那些只需讀懂設(shè)空所在句便可選出答案的題目。42022/10/1（二）從語言層次看句子層次的設(shè)空例：When I was t2. 句群層次的設(shè)

3、空前制性設(shè)空后制性設(shè)空指根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容，經(jīng)過推理判斷可以得到答案的題目即根據(jù)上文有關(guān)內(nèi)容即可確定答案的題目。 指那些需要根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容才能選出正確答案 的題目/下文某處有提示。52022/10/12. 句群層次的設(shè)空前制性設(shè)空后制性設(shè)空指根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容一、根據(jù)“詞語同現(xiàn)”解題“詞語同現(xiàn)”，也有人稱之為“詞場”。同現(xiàn)詞之間有同義、反義或相對關(guān)系，或者同類互補(bǔ)關(guān)系等，如differently與in difference；different與same，similar；cruel與friendly；ill與pale，patient，doctor，operation等，根據(jù)此相關(guān)信息確定答案。完形填空

4、的解題技巧（一）62022/10/1一、根據(jù)“詞語同現(xiàn)”解題完形填空的解題技巧（一）62022/二、根據(jù)“詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)”解題“詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)”是指某一個(gè)詞以原詞或同義詞等方式在同一語篇中“重復(fù)出現(xiàn)”。“詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)”有原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，同源詞復(fù)現(xiàn)(即同根詞)、同義詞或近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，如ill與sickness，上下義復(fù)現(xiàn)(即概括與分述，如animal是sheep，tiger，wolf等的上義詞；rose是flower的下義詞); 反義復(fù)現(xiàn)(如wrong與right)等。了解詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)這種銜接手段，有助于快速準(zhǔn)確地解答完形填空題。完形填空的解題技巧（二）72022/10/1二、根據(jù)“詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)”解題完形填空的解題技巧（二）7

5、2022/前制性設(shè)空例：It was an English speech contest. My mother asked me to take part in it. What a terrible idea! It meant I had to _ in front of all the teachers and students of my school! A. write B. speak C. sing D. danceB完形填空的解題技巧（三）82022/10/1前制性設(shè)空B完形填空的解題技巧（三）82022/9/28 后制性設(shè)空例：1). Nobody _ him in the

6、village. One day he said to them,“I know you dont like me ” A. believed B. liked C. hated D. knew 2). Country music comes from _ kinds of music. One is the traditional music of tall mountain people in the eastern United States. The other is traditional cowboy music from the American West. A. many B.

7、 all C. two D. threeBC完形填空的解題技巧（四）92022/10/1 后制性設(shè)空BC完形填空的解題技巧（四 語篇性設(shè)空 I work as a volunteer for an organization that helps the poor in Haiti. Recently I took my son Barrett there for a week, hoping to 1 him . Soon he will celebrate his 18th birthday. He will be a man. (最后一句話)( ) 1. A. comfort B. ple

8、ase C. attract D. educateD指那些需要聯(lián)系全文的情境、內(nèi)容才能確定正確答案的設(shè)空。完形填空的解題技巧（五）102022/10/1 語篇性設(shè)空 D指那些需要聯(lián)系全文的情境、內(nèi)容才能確定完形填1.Mr Black is a doctor, he works in the .hospital nightno / littlepass butChallenge Yourself2.A nurse not only works in the day, but also works during the_.3.He is rather busy, so he has time to

9、 have lunch at home.4.We have an English test this term, its very easy, most students can this test. 5.The whole class went to the zoo yesterday, they were very tired _happy.112022/10/11.Mr Black is a doctor, he wo（一）_。（二）_。（三）_。細(xì)讀首句，跳過空格，通讀全文，掌握大意理解詞義，瞻前顧后，先易后難，各個(gè)擊破復(fù)讀全文，逐個(gè)核對，驗(yàn)證答案，堅(jiān)定信心四、解題技巧點(diǎn)撥122022

10、/10/1（一）_一.邏輯關(guān)系法。 考生要學(xué)會正確恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂媚切┍硎具壿嬯P(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，使文章前后連貫，機(jī)構(gòu)緊湊，過渡自然。時(shí)間：when, while, as, before, after, until, notuntil, since條件: if, unless,讓步: though, although, as, even though, even if方式: as, as if/as though地點(diǎn): where比較: morethan, asas, not soas, the same as,原因: because, as, for, since結(jié)果: so that, such th

11、at目的: sothat, suchthat, in order that132022/10/1一.邏輯關(guān)系法。時(shí)間：when, while, as, be【典例】 .Some people choose not to eat meat because they believe that it is cruel to eat animals，but others argue that they can eat meat and _ be kind to animals.AstillBevenClaterDsomehow解析句意：一些人選擇不吃肉，因?yàn)樗麄兿嘈懦詣?dòng)物是殘酷的，但是其他人爭論說他們

12、可以吃肉，同時(shí)仍然對動(dòng)物慈善。上下為“轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系”，故選A項(xiàng)。142022/10/1【典例】142022/9/28二.根據(jù)“背景常識”解題將文段意思和我們原有的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)、文化背景知識，以及科普常識等結(jié)合起來，進(jìn)行簡單推理，從而得出正確答案。事實(shí)上，該技巧與“邏輯推斷”常常是交織在一起的，因?yàn)殡m有背景常識，仍需簡單推理；邏輯推理離不開背景常識。四、解題技巧點(diǎn)撥152022/10/1二.根據(jù)“背景常識”解題四、解題技巧點(diǎn)撥152022/9/2 When we talked, I discovered（發(fā)現(xiàn)） some differences in school life between the US

13、 and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little _44_ than that in China. We usually have forty minutes in each class. A. shorter B. longer C. earlier D. later【2009 重慶】fiftyforty解題技巧三 根據(jù)生活常識及文化背景 知識進(jìn)行邏輯推理162022/10/1 When we talked, I discover三、選項(xiàng)中單詞及詞組的辨析1. 判斷詞義（近義詞辨

14、析）2. 判斷詞性3. 判斷詞形172022/10/1三、選項(xiàng)中單詞及詞組的辨析1. 判斷詞義（近義詞辨析）1722：判斷詞性根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和功能來判斷是用形容詞，還是副詞；用動(dòng)詞還是名詞等。如修飾名詞，前面就要用_；修飾動(dòng)詞或整個(gè)句子就要用_；作謂語通常用動(dòng)詞；作主語或賓語通常用名詞或代詞；連系動(dòng)詞后面通常用_而不能用副詞。1.He looked _at his wife when he heard the good news.2.He looked _at the good news on the radio.（happy）形容詞或名詞副詞形容詞happilyhappy182022/10/1

15、2：判斷詞性形容詞或名詞副詞形容詞happilyhappy13.判斷詞形 英語和漢語最大的不同在于英語有詞形變化。詞形變化主要涉及動(dòng)詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞和名詞。當(dāng)確定所填的詞是名詞時(shí)，就要考慮是 。形容詞有 。如果是動(dòng)詞就要更加小心。首先要判斷是謂語動(dòng)詞還是非謂語動(dòng)詞，主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)，是現(xiàn)在分詞還是過去分詞，還是不定式。代詞則要考慮是 還是 。Of the MP3s we bought ,mine is the It only costs me 100 yuan.(cheep)When we got there ,to our disappointment, we found the situ

16、ation was much than expected.(bad)賓格主格可數(shù)還是不可數(shù)比較級和最高級cheapestworse192022/10/13.判斷詞形 英語和漢語最大的不同在于英語“前后搭配”解題“前后搭配”主要指動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配、動(dòng)賓搭配以及句式搭配等。能不能搭配，除涉及詞語的用法外，還需要綜合語法知識及常識等來判斷。202022/10/1“前后搭配”解題202022/9/28 A. wore B. had on C. dressed D. put on （ ） A little cock lived near the river. One morningthe little

17、cock 1 his beautiful clothes andwent for a walk by the river. On his way he meta little duck. 詞義型B A C K扎實(shí)基礎(chǔ)，辨析詞意212022/10/1 A. wore 句式結(jié)構(gòu)的搭配 .I was growing up in Kuala Lumpur in the early 1960s， 38 children from different races and religions played and studied together in harmony.At that time my fam

18、ily lived a stones throw from Ismails.A.whyBwhich ChowDwhen解析分析句子可知，非限制性定語從句 38 children from different races and religions.修飾先行詞the early 1960s，所以需填表時(shí)間的關(guān)系副詞when，故答案為D項(xiàng)。222022/10/1句式結(jié)構(gòu)的搭配222022/9/28解題技巧五：語法的角度有的完形填空也會考查語法Water is the _46_ of all the things we eat and drink .Not many people understan

19、d this but _47_ quite true .( )46. A. important B. most important C. more important D. Different( )47.A. its B. its C. it D. is 232022/10/1解題技巧五：語法的角度有的完形填空也會考查語法232022 完形填空的解題思路總則：在把握整體的基礎(chǔ)上對句子內(nèi)部的情況進(jìn)行分析跳過空格，通讀全文， 把握大意再讀全文，反復(fù)檢查結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，綜合考慮，初定答案瞻前顧后，先易后難， 個(gè)個(gè)擊破242022/10/1 完形填空的解題思路總則：在把握整體的基礎(chǔ)上對句子內(nèi)部的情況例題解析

20、252022/10/1例題解析252022/9/28The moment I stepped off the plane after a writers conference, my youngest son Jeremy greeted me and cried out, “Poster paper, Mama! I need poster paper. Were having a 21 at school.” Being a housewife and writer, I felt like no matter how hard I tried, I couldnt keep up wit

21、h the needs of my 22 . Back at home, Jeremy kept reminding me of the poster paper, but I just couldnt 23 a minute for it. Gradually though, he began to speak more 24 , almost 25 he were talking to himself. Maybe hell just forget it, I thought hopefully. So I put Jeremys request at the 26 of my long

22、list of things to do.21.A. race B. class C. ceremony D. competition22.A. colleagues B. family C. neighbors D. relatives23.A. spare B. pay C. spend D. lose24.A. slowly B. softly C. confidently D. loudly25.A. as soon as B. as long as C. as though D. even if26.A. bottom B. top C. beginning D. corner262

23、022/10/1The moment I stepped off the pMy third day home I managed to take fifteen minutes to type an article when a small 27 fell across my paper. I knew who it would be before I 28 . Jeremy stood quietly watching me. Oh, Lord, please dont let him say it again. I knew what he wanted but I needed to_

24、29_. I smiled 30 at Jeremy and kept typing. He 31 for a few more minutes, then turned and walked away. I almost didnt hear his 32 . “Competition is over tomorrow, anyway.” The small figure walking out of my room, a silent voice spoke urgently to my heart, “Get him that papernow!”27.A. letter B. foot

25、 C. image D. shadow28.A. woke up B. stood up C. got up D. looked up29.A. rest B. type C. learn D. exercise30.A. widely B. happily C. weakly D. politely31.A. watched B. searched C. hesitated D. complained32.A. comment B. footsteps C. warning D. advice272022/10/1My third day home I managed to“Lets go to get the paper, Jeremy.” He stopped, 33 and looked at me in 34 “Youre going to the