1、“讀寫任務(wù)”記敘文類寫作指導(dǎo)佛山市南海九江中學(xué) 譚燕平資料來源：廣東教育高中雜志2008年第9期讀寫任務(wù)體現(xiàn)了英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的基本理念，是高中課程改革之后高考英語試題的亮點之 一。然而，考生要在短短的 30 分鐘內(nèi)，閱讀完 200 詞左右的短文，在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上， 再用大約 30 詞高度概括文章的內(nèi)容要點，還要進行議論或記敘，最后成文。這對大部分考 生來說確非易事。筆者在教學(xué)實踐中發(fā)現(xiàn)，可以按照不同的閱讀文體，用一些相對固定的寫 作模板來進行寫作。本文就談?wù)勅绾螌懹洈⑽念惖淖x寫任務(wù)。首先，請看下面一道讀寫任務(wù)寫作題：讀寫任務(wù)閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇 150 詞左右的英語短文。A fe

2、w months ago, Peter worked for a short time as a cashier at a restaurant. He also helped clear the tables when it was especially busy. One night, just before Christmas, he found a large black wallet on the floor near one of the tables. He guessed he should have checked it for the owner s identificat

3、ion, but he was very busy at the time. Also, he figured that if the wallet contained anything valuable, the owner would be back. Sure enough, an hour later a man came up to the counter and asked if anyone had found a wallet. Peter asked him to describe the lost wallet, and after he had described it

4、exactly, he gave the man the wallet. He seemed greatly relieved when Peter handed it to him.The man asked Peter if he had opened it, and when he was told“No”, he at once opened itand revealed nearly $1,000 in cash. He took out a 20-dollar bill and handed it to Peter. Peter pushed it back. “Bless you

5、 for saving my Christmas plans. It s people like you who make everything in the world look good, ” the man said and then turned and walked away.寫作內(nèi)容1. 以約30 個詞概括短文要點；2. 然后以約120 個詞寫一篇記敘文，描寫一次助人為樂的經(jīng)歷，并包括以下要點：敘述一次助人為樂的真實或虛構(gòu)的經(jīng)歷，你或你身邊的人是幫助者或受助者；你或你身邊的人遇到了什么事情；事情最后的結(jié)局寫作要求可以參照閱讀材料的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)組織故事，但不能直接引用原文中的句子；標(biāo)題自

6、擬。解題指導(dǎo) 本短文為記敘文，概括記敘文的大意時，應(yīng)抓住記敘文六要素中最重要的部分進行概括， 沒有必要面面俱到，切忌描述過多的細(xì)節(jié)。在概括記敘文時，可按下列步驟進行。圍繞以下幾個問題找到文章要點。誰做了什么？(Who did What?)本文對此的回答是：Peter found a wallet but did not keep it for himself.(在第一段找答案)結(jié)果怎樣？ (What was the result?)本文對此的回答是： Peter waited for the owner to return to claim it, and he refused the own

7、ers reward. (在第一、二段找答案)文章揭示了什么？ (假如原文沒有提及時，概括時則不用考慮此問題)將對問題所回答的內(nèi)容連接起來。用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r態(tài)和人稱連接所回答的內(nèi)容，便是“短文的概括”了。如：The passage tells us that Peter found a wallet but didn t keep it for himself. Instead, he waited for the owner to return to claim it. However, he refused the owners reward.根據(jù)記敘的內(nèi)容要點確定記敘內(nèi)容。由所給三個要點，我構(gòu)

8、思如下內(nèi)容：我父親曾承諾，如果我語、數(shù)、英三科都在 80 分 以上，他就帶我去日本旅游。四個月后期末考試時，我真的做到了，就在本打算暑假去日本 旅游時，得知表妹上大學(xué)不夠?qū)W費。于是，我決定放棄旅游，將這筆錢資助表妹上大學(xué)。考慮所需時態(tài)語態(tài)及關(guān)鍵詞句等。 根據(jù)上一步所構(gòu)想的內(nèi)容，思考可能用到哪些關(guān)鍵詞語或句式，以及時態(tài)和人稱等。為了把讀者引入你要寫的一次經(jīng)歷，可用以下的句子引入：What Peter did reminds me of a story that happened two years ago.What Peter did reminds me of my own experienc

9、e.敘述過去的經(jīng)歷，注意用過去時態(tài)。如：got; worked; paid . (一般過去時)had promised; had made . (過去完成時)waswere discussing. . (過去進行時)would take; . (過去將來時)列出你寫這一經(jīng)歷時可能用到的詞匯與句式：work hard for.pay offbe admitted into a key universitycant afford to +V.Its hard to + V.make+ O.+ O.C.spend some time some money on sth. in doing sth.t

10、hanks to sth.sb.make great progress in . .It is + 被強調(diào)部分(主語、賓語、狀語)+ that+ 句子其余部分定語從句、狀語從句、名詞性從句等復(fù)合句式敘述你自己的一次經(jīng)歷時，全文的主體人稱應(yīng)為第一人稱:“I” “ me” “my” “myself” 等。(5)事情最后的結(jié)局：言簡意賅交代結(jié)果后，別忘了就此經(jīng)歷談點本人的感想或感悟。 如可用 Leave for. ; can tell from. ; make a . decision 等。連詞成文。 根據(jù)構(gòu)想的內(nèi)容，將上述考慮所用到的詞句等寫成一篇連貫的短文。參考范文：Help Is Sweet

11、DewThe passage tells us that Peter found a wallet but didnt keep it for himself. Instead, he waited for the owner to return to claim it. However, he refused the owners reward. (32 words)What Peter did reminds me of a story that happened two years ago. My father had promised that if I got over 80 in

12、my Chinese, maths and English exams, he would take me to travel to Japan during the summer vacation. I worked very hard for nearly four months, and finally my hard work paid off.However, when we were discussing the details of the plan, my father received a call from my aunt. He was told that my cous

13、in had been admitted into a famous university in Beijing, but they could not afford to pay the university fees unless some relatives offered to help. I really wanted to go to Japan, but decided to cancel my trip and give the money to my cousin instead.When my cousin left for Beijing in September, I could tell from his sweet smile that I had made a correct decision.在英語寫作中